CN106655899B - Start motor current-limiting starter and its control method - Google Patents
Start motor current-limiting starter and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106655899B CN106655899B CN201610836287.0A CN201610836287A CN106655899B CN 106655899 B CN106655899 B CN 106655899B CN 201610836287 A CN201610836287 A CN 201610836287A CN 106655899 B CN106655899 B CN 106655899B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/18—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual dc motor
- H02P1/20—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual dc motor by progressive reduction of resistance in series with armature winding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of starting motor current-limiting starter and its control methods; belong to electric motor protective device technical field; the equivalent resistance of current-limiting resistance in trigger circuit is sealed in by change to control the starting current size for starting motor; solve the excessive damage to motor, engine and trigger circuit is started of starting current; starting current size can be controlled according to practical working situation; avoid transient starting electric current excessive or equipment operation in emergency situations generation; quickly, it works in starting motor in security limit, reduces battery consumption and coil heating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of starting motor current-limiting starter and its control methods, belong to electric motor protective device technology neck
Domain.
Background technique
Power source when motor is engine start is started, it can for engine to be dragged to engine from stationary state
The revolving speed that Novel interior ignition starts.
Diesel engine, to independent operation, needs outer power drive by static.Starting motor is exactly to be converted using the electric energy of battery
For mechanical energy, by diesel engine by the static electrical installation for dragging to start-up ignition.Make diesel engine Successful startup, dragging revolving speed is answered
For 1420~200r/min.The loading moment for starting motor includes: the inertia and frictional resistance, cylinder working medium of Diesel Engine Mechanical part
Initial compression force.According to engine structure, load characteristic, the difference of use environment, to starting the requirement of motor performance also not
Together.
The electric current for starting electrical consumption increases rapid decrease with revolving speed, by taking 6.6kW starts motor as an example, starts transient peak
Electric current is up to 1600A~2000A, and when starting motor speed rises to driving moment and the diesel engine moment of resistance balances, electric current is
500A~900A.It is lasting to start when limiting starting engine every time since high current can be such that coil temperature quickly increases
Time and interval starting time.
Battery is power supply on engine and vehicle, when electrical power generators by convert electrical energy into chemical energy into
Row charging converts power output for the energy stored in the form of chemical energy when needing output electric current outward.It is used at present
Starting motor is DC start motor, starts motor switch moment connecting, electric current at this time is usually up to 2000A or so, such as
Fruit battery capacity increases, and electric current can also be higher.
Transient starting electric current is excessively high to bring following problems:
1, on the one hand the damage to motor is started, high current will increase route fever, contact load, on the other hand can make
Dynamic motor output torque increases, and brings the damage of bearing, gear etc.；
2, to the damage of trigger circuit；
3, to the damage of engine, excessive starting current generates excessively high starting torque, and flywheel ring gear stress is caused to increase
Add and damage, influences service life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of starting motor current-limiting starter and its control methods, solve
The excessive damage to motor, engine and trigger circuit is started of starting current can control starting current according to practical working situation
Size works in starting motor in security limit, reduces battery consumption and coil heating.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of control method starting motor current-limiting starter seals in the equivalent of current-limiting resistance in trigger circuit by changing
Resistance value starts the starting current size of motor to control.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: current-limiting resistance be several sub- resistance of current limliting in parallel.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: the resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting in Geometric Sequence rule become
Change, when starting the starting current of motor more than security limit or more than the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point,
The sub- resistance of current limliting sealed in trigger circuit is successively disconnected according to the ascending sequence of resistance value, until starting current is limited in peace
In full boundary value or no more than the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: start after motor powers on, start the detection of motor current-limiting starter
The starting current for starting motor, obtains current starting current value I0, while the revolving speed of engine is detected, starting motor is obtained indirectly
Revolving speed v, according to the following formula I=(UBAT-k*v)/(rline+r0+r1), calculate the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point
I, in which:
I is the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point；
UBATFor accumulator electric gesture；
K*v is to start the induced electromotive force generated when motor rotation, reversed with accumulator electric gesture；
K is constant；
V is to start motor speed；
rlineFor the all-in resistance of outside line and contact；
r0For internal storage battery resistance；
r1For the equivalent resistance of current-limiting resistance；
Then motor current-limiting starter is started to current starting current value I0Whether it is excessive judged, if current start
Current value I0More than security limit I ', or current starting current value I0It is not above security limit I ', but is higher than and starts electricity
The maximum current I of machine current rotating speed point, then starting current controller is according to formula r=(UBAT-k*v)/I-rline-r0, calculate
The resistance value r needed, and then control the immediate equivalent resistance r of current-limiting resistance1, so that r1≥r。
A kind of starting motor current-limiting starter is separately connected including starting current controller, with starting current controller
Contactor and engine speed sensor, the current-limiting resistance being connected between contactor coil and contactor normally-closed contact, with connect
The current transformer of the starting current for measuring starting motor of tentaculum normally-closed contact connection, current transformer are also connected with starting
Current controller, current-limiting resistance are connected by battery and start motor.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: current-limiting resistance be 6~20 sub- resistor coupled in parallel of current limliting form, often
The one sub- resistance of current limliting is correspondingly connected with a contactor normally-closed contact.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: the resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting in Geometric Sequence rule become
Change.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: starting current controller be 51 single-chip microcontrollers.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: starting motor be DC start motor.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement lies in that: battery is lead-acid accumulator, such as can for two groups it is concatenated
12V lead-acid accumulator.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the technological progress achieved by the present invention is:
Traditional DC start motor is selected rather than retard start motor, since retard start motor is become by gear
After speed improves the revolving speed and output torque of motor, reduces starting current, but retard start motor speed improves, to bearing, around
Group, brush etc. bring adverse effect, its service life is made to be considerably shorter than traditional DC start motor.The present invention is removed and is connect simultaneously
Moving component is not present outside tentaculum, influence problem, long service life, service precision is not present in itself and starting motor service life
It is high.
The resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting in Geometric Sequence rule variation, change seal in current-limiting resistance in trigger circuit etc.
When imitating resistance value, lesser resistance value is disconnected first, is the sub- resistance of current limliting because of smaller resistance value by electric current maximum, then slowly
It disconnects biggish, can both guarantee biggish resistance coverage area, it can also be ensured that lesser earth current prevents electricity
Arc.
Lead-acid accumulator is selected, plate material is the oxide of lead and lead, and electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution, lead-acid accumulator tool
Have the advantages that voltage fall is small when small internal resistance, high conversion efficiency (up to 75%~84%), short time output high current,
Electromotive force is more stable when electric discharge, stable operating voltage, using temperature and using current range it is wide, can charge and discharge it is hundreds of circulation,
Shelf characteric it is good (particularly suitable for dry battery unit store), it is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of control method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Wherein, 1, starting current controller, 21, contactor coil, 22, contactor normally-closed contact, 3, engine speed biography
Sensor, 4, current-limiting resistance, 5, current transformer, 6, battery, 7, starting motor.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to embodiment:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of starting motor current-limiting starter, including starting current controller 1 and starting current
Contactor and engine speed sensor 3 that controller 1 is separately connected are connected to contactor coil 21 and contactor normally-closed contact
Current-limiting resistance 4, the electric current for the starting current for measuring starting motor 7 connecting with contactor normally-closed contact 22 between 22 is mutual
Sensor 5, current transformer 5 are also connected with starting current controller 1, and current-limiting resistance 4 starts motor 7 by the connection of battery 6.
Current-limiting resistance 4 is that 6~20 sub- resistor coupled in parallel of current limliting form, and the sub- resistance of each current limliting is correspondingly connected with one and connects
Tentaculum normally-closed contact 22, the resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting such as can be 1 ohm, 2 ohm, 4 Europe in the rule variation of Geometric Sequence
Nurse, 8 ohm, and so on.Starting current controller 1 is 51 single-chip microcontrollers, and contactor is west gate subfamily, starts motor 7 and is
DC start motor.Battery 6 is two groups of concatenated 12V lead-acid accumulators.
Current limited Control method are as follows: electric to control starting by changing the equivalent resistance for sealing in current-limiting resistance 4 in trigger circuit
The resistance value of the starting current size of machine 7, each sub- resistance of current limliting changes in the rule of Geometric Sequence, when the starting electricity for starting motor 7
When stream is more than security limit or more than the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point, according to the sequence that resistance value is ascending
The sub- resistance of current limliting sealed in trigger circuit is successively disconnected, is started until starting current is limited in security limit or is no more than
The maximum current of motor current rotating speed point.
Detailed process are as follows:
After starting motor 7 powers on, internal 51 single-chip microcontrollers are detected by current transformer 5 and engine speed sensor 3
The numerical value of streaming current and the revolving speed of engine obtain current starting current value I0, since engine and starting motor 7 pass through gear
Connection, by measuring engine speed, can obtain starting motor speed indirectly, and then finds out and generate when starting motor rotation
Induced electromotive force.I=(U according to the following formulaBAT-k*v)/(rline+r0+r1), it calculates and starts motor current rotating speed point most
High current I, in which:
I is the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point；
UBATFor accumulator electric gesture；
K*v is to start the induced electromotive force generated when motor rotation, reversed with accumulator electric gesture；
K is constant；
V is to start motor speed；
rlineFor the all-in resistance of outside line and contact；
r0For internal storage battery resistance；
r1For the equivalent resistance of current-limiting resistance；
Motor switch moment is started connecting, revolving speed 0, if being not provided with current-limiting resistance in trigger circuit, electricity at this time
Stream are as follows: I=UBAT/(rline+r0), electric current is very big, can achieve 2000A or more.Therefore it is suitable to access in trigger circuit
Current-limiting resistance.
Then the current starting current value I of internal 51 single-chip microcontrollers0Whether it is excessive judged, if current starting current value I0
More than security limit I ', or current starting current value I0It is not above security limit I ', but it is current to be higher than starting motor
The maximum current I of revolving speed point, then starting current controller is according to formula r=(UBAT-k*v)/I-rline-r0, calculate needs
Resistance value r, and then control the immediate equivalent resistance r of current-limiting resistance1, by 21 control contactor on-off of contactor coil, change
Become the equivalent resistance r for sealing in current-limiting resistance 4 in trigger circuit1, disconnecting principle is the sub- resistance of current limliting for first disconnecting minimum ohm, such as
Fruit cannot be restricted to suitable current value, then continue to disconnect the second small sub- resistance of current limliting, finally make r1>=r, to realize
Change to trigger circuit all-in resistance, by current starting current value I0It is restricted in security limit.
The present invention effectively solves the excessive damage to motor, engine and trigger circuit is started of starting current, can be according to reality
Border working condition control starting current size, avoid transient starting electric current excessive or equipment operation in emergency situations generation, fastly
Speed works in starting motor in security limit, reduces battery consumption and coil heating, improves equipment and uses the longevity
Life, application value with higher.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of control method for starting motor current-limiting starter, it is characterised in that: seal in current limliting in trigger circuit by changing
The equivalent resistance of resistance (4) starts the starting current size of motor to control；
Current-limiting resistance (4) is several sub- resistance of current limliting in parallel；
The resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting changes in the rule of Geometric Sequence, when the starting current for starting motor (7) is more than safety limit
Limit value or more than start motor current rotating speed point maximum current when, successively disconnect and sealing according to the ascending sequence of resistance value
The sub- resistance of current limliting in trigger circuit, until starting current, which is limited in security limit or is no more than, starts motor current rotating speed
The maximum current of point；
After starting motor (7) powers on, the starting current that the detection of motor current-limiting starter starts motor (7) is started, obtains current
Streaming current value I0, while the revolving speed of engine is detected, it obtains indirectly and starts motor speed v, according to the following formula I=(UBAT-k*
v)/(rline+r0+r1), calculate the maximum current I for starting motor current rotating speed point, in which:
I is the maximum current for starting motor current rotating speed point；
UBATFor accumulator electric gesture；
K*v is to start the induced electromotive force generated when motor rotation, reversed with accumulator electric gesture；
K is constant；
V is to start motor speed；
rlineFor the all-in resistance of outside line and contact；
r0For internal storage battery resistance；
r1For the equivalent resistance of current-limiting resistance；
Then motor current-limiting starter is started to current starting current value I0Whether it is excessive judged, if current starting current
Value I0More than security limit I ', or current starting current value I0It is not above security limit I ', but is higher than starting motor and works as
The maximum current I of preceding revolving speed point, then starting current controller is according to formula r=(UBAT-k*v)/I-rline-r0, calculate needs
Resistance value r, and then control the immediate equivalent resistance r of current-limiting resistance1, so that r1≥r。
2. a kind of control method for starting motor current-limiting starter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: a kind of starting
Motor current-limiting starter, including starting current controller (1), the contactor and hair that are separately connected with starting current controller (1)
Motivation speed probe (3), the current-limiting resistance (4) being connected between contactor coil (21) and contactor normally-closed contact (22),
The current transformer (5) for the starting current for measuring starting motor (7) connecting with contactor normally-closed contact (22), electric current is mutual
Sensor (5) is also connected with starting current controller (1), and current-limiting resistance (4) starts motor (7) by battery (6) connection；
Current-limiting resistance (4) is that 6~20 sub- resistor coupled in parallel of current limliting form, and the sub- resistance of each current limliting is correspondingly connected with a contact
Device normally-closed contact (22)；
The resistance value of each sub- resistance of current limliting changes in the rule of Geometric Sequence；
Starting current controller (1) is 51 single-chip microcontrollers；
Starting motor (7) is DC start motor；
Battery (6) is lead-acid accumulator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610836287.0A CN106655899B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Start motor current-limiting starter and its control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610836287.0A CN106655899B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Start motor current-limiting starter and its control method |
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| CN106655899A CN106655899A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106655899B true CN106655899B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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| CN109538462B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-01-01 | 江苏江海润液设备有限公司 | Quick start testing method for vertical direct-current pump |
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| DE2432896A1 (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-01-29 | Eberle Werke Kg | Machine starting current limiting device - limiting components-resistor, diode, inductor etc. is inserted into motor cct. |
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| CN203859709U (en) * | 2014-04-26 | 2014-10-01 | 陕西飞宇电力科技有限公司 | Energy-saving soft-start control cabinet for DC motor |
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| CN105915120A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 | Buffer control circuit and buffer control method of motor device |
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2016
- 2016-09-21 CN CN201610836287.0A patent/CN106655899B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2432896A1 (en) * | 1974-07-09 | 1976-01-29 | Eberle Werke Kg | Machine starting current limiting device - limiting components-resistor, diode, inductor etc. is inserted into motor cct. |
| CN103503301A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2014-01-08 | 大陆汽车有限责任公司 | Assembly for controlling an electric vacuum pump |
| CN104104302A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-15 | 谢有神 | Automatic control device capable of reducing speed, increasing torque and limiting current of electric motor |
| CN203859709U (en) * | 2014-04-26 | 2014-10-01 | 陕西飞宇电力科技有限公司 | Energy-saving soft-start control cabinet for DC motor |
| CN104009675A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-27 | 河北工程大学 | Intelligent large-torque starting method of wound-type motor |
| CN105915120A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 苏州英威腾电力电子有限公司 | Buffer control circuit and buffer control method of motor device |
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