CN107086830A - Direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment - Google Patents
Direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107086830A CN107086830A CN201710304284.7A CN201710304284A CN107086830A CN 107086830 A CN107086830 A CN 107086830A CN 201710304284 A CN201710304284 A CN 201710304284A CN 107086830 A CN107086830 A CN 107086830A
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- direct current
- chopper
- drive device
- drive
- signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
- H02P7/292—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment.The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided, is arranged in electrical equipment, for driving electrical equipment, including:Direct current generator;Dc source;Instruct sending part;Driver;And chopper, it is characterised in that:Wherein, direct current generator has 2j armature winding branch roads that are separate and being made up of m winding, be connected with winding 2j × m commutator segment, the individual separate brushes of 2j for being connected with chopper and being in contact with commutator segment, chopper is single tube chopper, chopper has j separate copped wave units, each copped wave unit is connected with a brush respectively, and j and m are the positive integer not less than 2.
Description
Technical field
Driven the invention belongs to direct current generator field, more particularly to a kind of direct current drive drive device and comprising direct current drive
The electrical equipment of dynamic device.
Background technology
With major city haze number of days and the increase of duration, exhaust emissions management of the country to fuel oil equipment is more next
It is stricter;In addition, in the office work environment of closing, fuel oil equipment is prohibitted the use of;In addition, this energy of oil is not
It is reproducible, exhaustion will be faced after decades.Therefore, using electricity as the energy electrical equipment such as electric automobile, electri forklift etc.
Electrical equipment is increasingly favored by manufacturer and consumer.It not only pollute it is small, can using regenerative resource provide
Electric energy, and compared with fuel oil equipment, it also has, and energy utilization rate is high, simple in construction, noise is small, dynamic property good and portable
The advantages of property is high.Under petroleum resources increasingly intense situation, electric driver is greatly developed, particularly high-power electric drive
For example electronic battlebus of device, electronic warship, Electric aircraft and electric drive aircraft carrier etc., have far-reaching for national defense safety
Meaning.
Due to alternating current generator, particularly asynchronous machine, with simple in construction, reliable, lightweight, cheap excellent
Point, so it is widely used.But, alternating current generator has that detent torque is small, and starting current is very big, smooth speed control
Difference, vibration and noise is big and the shortcomings of complicated control algolithm.Even if using best control algolithm, can not still prevent motor
The presence of middle higher hamonic wave, causes the alternating current generator performance in startup, braking, speed governing and low speed to be all inferior to direct current generator.Therefore,
To the performance requirement of electrical equipment very high occasion, such as domestic variable frequency air-conditioning, lifting elevator, electric automobile etc. are still blue or green
Look in the electrical equipment for being provided with direct current generator.
In the direct current drive drive device shown in Fig. 2, the requirement to power switch pipe is extremely harsh, in normal work
When, power switch pipe must work below maximum operation temperature, maximum operating currenbt and maximum working voltage, appoint once exceeding
One condition of meaning, power switch pipe will be damaged;In addition, when the change of the component parameter in electronic circuit exceeds normal work
During scope, overvoltage or overcurrent may be produced in power switch pipe, causes power switch pipe to damage and then cause electronic
Equipment fault;In addition, with the increase of working time, aging, maximum operation temperature, maximum operating currenbt occur for power switch pipe
All decreased with the performance indications such as maximum working voltage, easily occur power switch pipe damage cause chopper global failure or
The failures such as short circuit, and then trigger electrical equipment failure even security incident.
High power DC Vidacare corp and electrical equipment, particularly low-voltage, high-current direct current drive drive device and electricity
Dynamic equipment is, it is necessary to continuous operating current very big controller or chopper, and related technology and product are by individual countries and public affairs
Department's control and monopolize, cause price very high, and the high-performance electric machine controller that can purchase of in the market or chopper output
Current value also be only below a kiloampere.After all, generation manufacture level, the parallel current-sharing of multiple power switch pipes
Technology, control many reasons such as circuit and algorithm excessively complexity, seriously restrict and have impact on the driving of low-voltage, high-current direct current drive
The development of device and electrical equipment.
To sum up, these problems have had a strong impact on high-performance high-power electric equipment, including low-voltage, high-current is electronic
The development of electronic battlebus, electronic warship, Electric aircraft and electric drive aircraft carrier on car, electric ship, or even national defence.
The content of the invention
The present invention is carried out to solve the above problems, by providing a kind of copped wave bridge arm independence, output current mutually not
Influence, realizes the full decoupled chopper circuit of electric current, comprising many brushed DC motors and comprising the chopper circuit and how electric this is
The direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment of brushless motor.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical proposals:
<Structure one>
The invention provides a kind of direct current drive drive device, it is arranged in electrical equipment, for driving electrical equipment, bag
Include:Direct current generator, with rated voltage and rated current;Dc source, with the voltage corresponding with rated voltage, is used for
The direct current corresponding with rated current is provided;Sending part is instructed, the value phase of the rotating speed exported with direct current generator or torque is sent
Corresponding command signal;Driver, drive signal is produced according to command signal;And chopper, in the presence of drive signal
Direct current is converted into the controllable direct current of voltage and direct current generator is supplied to, it is characterised in that:Wherein, direct current generator has 2j
Armature winding branch road that is individual separate and being made up of m winding, the 2j × m commutator segment and chopper being connected with winding
The 2j separate brushes for being connected and being in contact with commutator segment, chopper is single tube chopper, and chopper has j
Separate copped wave unit, each copped wave unit is connected with a brush respectively, and j and m are the positive integer not less than 2.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have such technical characteristic:Wherein, single tube chopper
For buck chopper, boost chopper or buck-boost chopper, when single tube chopper is buck chopper, each copped wave list
The diode that member is connected containing a power switch pipe and with the power switch pipe differential concatenation, line is provided to corresponding brush
Electric current.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that, in addition to:Controller, wherein,
Controller is according to command signal output operation control signal and motor control signal, and driver is under operation control signal effect
Into working condition or halted state, drive signal is produced according to motor control signal in the operating condition.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that, in addition to:Output transducer, its
In, the rotating speed of output transducer detection direct current generator output or torque, and send corresponding output feedback signal, controller according to
Command signal and output feedback signal output operation control signal and motor control signal.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that, in addition to:Current sensor, its
In, the current value of the lead-out wire of current sensor detection brush, and corresponding current feedback signal is sent, controller is according to instruction
Signal, current feedback signal and output feedback signal calculate and export operation control signal and motor control signal.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that:Wherein, when brush lead-out wire
Rated current is I1, the rated current of direct current generator is INWhen, the number 2j of armature winding branch road meets following conditions:J > IN÷
I1, j is the positive integer not less than 2.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that:Wherein, dc source is battery
The rectification source obtained after group or the rectified filtering of AC power, battery pack is made up of at least one battery cell.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that:Wherein, the connection of armature winding
Mode is lap winding, and the excitation mode of the main pole of direct current generator is permanent magnetism, separate excitation, series excitation, shunt excitation or compound excitation.
The direct current drive drive device that the present invention is provided can also have the feature that:Wherein, armature winding branch road is only
It is vertical at least one armature core of direct current generator, chopper be made up of at least one SPM or
Multiple power switch pipes are contained, power switch pipe is electric power field-effect transistor, gate level turn-off thyristor, integral gate are changed
Flow any one in IGCT, insulated gate bipolar transistor, electric power bipolar transistor and door pole stream-exchanging thyristor.
<Structure two>
Further, present invention also offers a kind of electrical equipment containing above-mentioned direct current drive drive device.
The effect of invention and effect
The direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment provided according to the present invention, because direct current generator has 2j mutually
It is independent and be made up of m winding armature winding branch road, be connected with winding 2j × m commutator segment, be connected with chopper
And 2j separate brushes being in contact with commutator segment, chopper is single tube chopper, chopper has j mutually solely
Vertical copped wave unit, each copped wave unit is connected with a brush respectively, and j and m are the positive integer not less than 2, therefore are appointed
The line current of meaning two copped wave units output is separate, non-interfering, and then make it that the output current of chopper can be with
Linearly increased by increasing the number of copped wave unit, infinity can be reached in theory.Not only remain original chopper
The mature technology of ripe control algolithm and direct current generator, and the requirement to power switch pipe consistency of performance is reduced, use
Common power switch pipe can meet the requirement of high current, it is to avoid uniformity of being chosen carefully from substantial amounts of power switch pipe
The consuming for a large amount of manpower and financial resources that high switch element is brought.
In addition, the direct current drive drive device of the present invention can break the external monopolization for great current drive device and envelope
Lock so that the direct current drive drive device can not only replace the fuel oil hair that pollution is big, toggle speed is slow and energy utilization rate is low
Motivation and applied at present can not using motor heavy-duty engine on, such as truck, bull-dozer, excavator heavy-duty engine etc.,
It can also be applied to need in military affairs on the electronic battlebus, electronic warship and electric drive aircraft carrier of more high current, realize low
Press the production domesticization of the direct current drive drive device of high current.And compared with AC motor drives, systematic function is more
It is superior.
In addition, in the environment of regenerative braking performance loop is not needed, the single tube chopper that the present invention is used is relative to half
Bridge and full-bridge chopper have a more succinct circuit, less device, the advantages of higher reliability and lower cost.
Therefore, direct current drive drive device of the invention has structure design simple, reasonable, and cost is low, and caloric value is small, work
Make performance stabilization, safe and reliable, the advantages of service life is long.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the direct current drive drive device of the embodiment of the present invention;And Fig. 2 is prior art
In heavy DC Vidacare corp electrical block diagram.
Embodiment
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Direct current drive drive device 10 is arranged on electrical equipment such as electric tool, four-axle aircraft, electric automobile, electric ship
Oceangoing ship, commercial power electrical forklift, in electronic military equipment, for driving electrical equipment.
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the direct current drive drive device in the present embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, direct current drive drive device 10 includes direct current generator 11, dc source 12, instruction sending part 13, defeated
Go out sensor 14, controller 15, driver 18, chopper 19 and current sensor 20.
Direct current generator 11 has rated voltage and rated current.Direct current generator 11 has main pole 111 and at least one
Armature 112.In embodiment, direct current generator has an armature 112.Armature 112 is the rotor of direct current generator.
Main pole 111 is that armature 112 provides operating fields.The excitation mode of main pole is permanent magnetism, separate excitation, series excitation, shunt excitation
Or compound excitation.If main pole is separate excitation excitation mode, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of separate excitation is independent control, the control phase with armature winding
It is mutually independent.If main pole is shunt excitation excitation mode, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of shunt excitation is by single chopper and and dc source
12 voltage identical dc sources and single driver are powered.In the present embodiment, main pole 111 uses the excitation side of series excitation
Formula.
Armature 112 includes rotor core (not shown), 2j armature winding branch road 1121,2j × m commutator segment (figure
In do not show) and 2 groups of brush groups 1122.
Armature winding branch road 1121 is independently mounted on the rotor core of armature 112.Armature winding branch road 1121 is by m
What the winding being wrapped on rotor core was constituted, m is more than 2 positive integer.The connection of winding in armature winding branch road 1121
Mode is lap winding.In normal work, the electric current of all armature winding branch roads is independent of each other, separate.
2 groups of brush groups 1122 are divided into two groups according to the polarity difference of the main pole 111 corresponding to its locus, and respectively
Two groups of power lines of direct current generator 11 are connected, and are in contact with the commutator segment of commutator.Each brush group is mutually only comprising j
Vertical brush.2j brush be evenly distributed on direct current generator on the commutator that commutator segment is constituted, with direct current generator main pole
Position it is corresponding, each brush can at least be in contact with a commutator segment.Circumferencial direction of the one group of brush therein along motor
It is uniformly distributed, the locus of another group of brush is arranged in the middle of different groups of adjacent two brushes.In the present embodiment, brush
Using narrow brush, it is dimensioned slightly smaller than the size of commutator segment.In the present embodiment, each brush can connect with least one commutator segment
Touch.
Dc source 12 has the voltage corresponding with rated voltage, for providing the direct current corresponding with rated current
Electricity.Dc source 12 is the rectification source obtained after battery pack or the rectified filtering of AC power, in the present embodiment, dc source
12 select battery pack.
Sending part 13 is instructed to send the command signal corresponding with the rotating speed of the output of direct current generator 11 or the value of torque.
The rotating speed or torque of the detection output of direct current generator 11 of output transducer 14 simultaneously export corresponding output feedback signal.
Output feedback signal is received by controller 15.
Current sensor 20 detects the line current value of brush lead-out wire, and exports corresponding current feedback signal.Electric current
Feedback signal is received by controller 15.
Controller 15 is according to the command signal of instruction sending part 13, the output feedback signal and electric current of output transducer 14
The current feedback signal of sensor 20 calculates the operation control signal 16 and motor control signal 17 of driver.
Driver 18 enters working condition in the case where operation control signal 16 is controlled, and produces drive according to motor control signal 17
The drive signal that dynamic chopper 19 works.
It is controllable that constant voltage DC electricity is converted to average voltage by chopper 19 under the drive signal effect that driver 19 is sent
Direct current and be supplied to direct current generator 11.Chopper 19 is single tube chopper.Single tube chopper is buck chopper, boosts and cut
Ripple device or buck-boost chopper.In the present embodiment, chopper 19 is buck chopper.
Chopper 19 has and the one-to-one copped wave unit 191 of j brush in one of brush group.Each copped wave
Unit 191 has a power switch pipe and the diode being connected with the power switch pipe differential concatenation, jointly to corresponding
Brush provides line current.
Power switch pipe is the power switch pipe of full-control type, can be using electric power field-effect transistor, the brilliant lock of gate electrode capable of switching off
In pipe, integrated gate commutated thyristor, insulated gate bipolar transistor, electric power bipolar transistor and door pole stream-exchanging thyristor
Any one.In the present embodiment, power switch pipe is electric power field-effect transistor.
When the rated current of the lead-out wire of brush is I1, the rated current of direct current generator 11 is INWhen, armature winding branch road
1121 number 2j meets following conditions:J > IN÷I1, j is the positive integer not less than 2.
The effect of embodiment and effect
The direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment provided according to the present embodiment, because direct current generator has 2j phase
It is mutually independent and be made up of m winding armature winding branch road, be connected with winding 2j × m commutator segment, be connected with chopper
The 2j separate brushes for connecing and being in contact with commutator segment, chopper is single tube chopper, and chopper has j mutually
Independent copped wave unit, each copped wave unit is connected with a brush respectively, and j and m are the positive integer not less than 2, therefore
The line current of any two copped wave unit output is separate, non-interfering, and then make it that the output current of chopper can
Linearly to increase by increasing the number of copped wave unit, infinity can be reached in theory.Not only remain original chopper
Ripe control algolithm and direct current generator mature technology, and reduce the requirement to power switch pipe consistency of performance, make
The requirement of high current can be met with common power switch pipe, it is to avoid choose carefully from substantial amounts of power switch pipe consistent
The consuming for a large amount of manpower and financial resources that the high switch element of property is brought.
In addition, the direct current drive drive device of the present embodiment can break the external monopolization for great current drive device and
Block so that the direct current drive drive device, which can not only replace, pollutes the big, fuel oil that toggle speed is slow and energy utilization rate is low
Engine and applied at present can not using motor heavy-duty engine on, such as truck, bull-dozer, excavator heavy-duty engine
Deng, additionally it is possible to applied on electronic battlebus, electronic warship and electric drive aircraft carrier that more high current is needed in military affairs, realize
The production domesticization of the direct current drive drive device of low-voltage, high-current.And compared with AC motor drives, systematic function is more
Plus it is superior.
In addition, do not need regenerative braking performance loop in the environment of, the single tube chopper that the present embodiment is used relative to
Half-bridge and full-bridge chopper have a more succinct circuit, less device, the advantages of higher reliability and lower cost.
Therefore, the direct current drive drive device of the present embodiment has structure design simple, reasonable, and cost is low, and caloric value is small,
Stable work in work, safe and reliable, the advantages of service life is long.
In the above-described embodiments, direct current drive drive device includes output transducer, current sensor and controller, but
It can not include above three as the direct current drive drive device of the present invention, directly utilize and instruct sending part generation instruction letter
Number, driver produces drive signal according to command signal;Or controller is only set, controller is exported according to command signal and run
Control signal and motor control signal, driver enter working condition or halted state under operation control signal effect;Or
It is that output transducer and controller are set, the rotating speed of output transducer detection direct current generator output or torque, and send correspondence
Output feedback signal, controller is according to command signal and output feedback signal output operation control signal and motor control
Signal.
In the above-described embodiments, brush is narrow brush, but brush or wide brush as the present invention.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, the line current value of the lead-out wire of current sensor detection brush, but it is used as the present invention
Direct current drive drive device and electrical equipment, current sensor also can detect motor line current value.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of direct current drive drive device, is arranged in electrical equipment, for driving the electrical equipment, including:
Direct current generator, with rated voltage and rated current;
Dc source, with the voltage corresponding with the rated voltage, corresponding with the rated current for providing is straight
Stream electricity;
Sending part is instructed, the command signal corresponding with the rotating speed or the value of torque that the direct current generator is exported is sent;
Driver, drive signal is produced according to the command signal;And
Chopper, is converted to the controllable direct current of voltage by the direct current in the presence of the drive signal and is supplied to institute
State direct current generator,
It is characterized in that:
Wherein, the direct current generator have 2j armature winding branch roads that are separate and being made up of m winding and it is described around
2j × m commutator segment of group connection, 2j for being connected with the chopper and being in contact with the commutator segment are separate
Brush,
The chopper is single tube chopper, and the chopper has j separate copped wave units, each copped wave list
Member is connected with a brush respectively,
The j and the m are the positive integer not less than 2.
2. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the single tube chopper be buck chopper, boost chopper or buck-boost chopper,
When the single tube chopper is buck chopper, each copped wave unit contain a power switch pipe and with this
The diode of power switch pipe differential concatenation connection, line current is provided to the corresponding brush.
3. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
Controller,
Wherein, the controller runs control signal and motor control signal according to command signal output,
The driver enters working condition or halted state under the operation control signal effect, in the operating condition basis
The motor control signal produces the drive signal.
4. direct current drive drive device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include:
Output transducer,
Wherein, the output transducer detects rotating speed or the torque of the direct current generator output, and sends corresponding output feedback
Signal,
The controller is according to the command signal and output feedback signal output operation control signal and motor control
Signal processed.
5. direct current drive drive device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include:
Current sensor,
Wherein, the current sensor detects the current value of the lead-out wire of the brush, and sends corresponding current feedback signal,
The controller calculates according to the command signal, the current feedback signal and the output feedback signal and exports fortune
Row control signal and motor control signal.
6. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, when the rated current of the brush lead-out wire is I1, the rated current of the direct current generator is INWhen, it is described
The number 2j of armature winding branch road meets following conditions:
J > IN÷I1,
The j is the positive integer not less than 2.
7. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the dc source is the rectification source obtained after battery pack or the rectified filtering of AC power,
The battery pack is made up of at least one battery cell.
8. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the connected mode of the armature winding is lap winding,
The excitation mode of the main pole of the direct current generator is permanent magnetism, separate excitation, series excitation, shunt excitation or compound excitation.
9. direct current drive drive device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the armature winding branch road is independently mounted at least one armature core of the direct current generator,
The chopper is made up of at least one SPM or contains multiple power switch pipes,
The power switch pipe is electric power field-effect transistor, gate level turn-off thyristor, integrated gate commutated thyristor, insulation
Any one in grid bipolar transistor, electric power bipolar transistor and door pole stream-exchanging thyristor.
10. a kind of electrical equipment, it is characterised in that including:
Direct current drive drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201710304284.7A CN107086830B (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | Direct current drive driving device and electrical equipment |
PCT/CN2017/118757 WO2018121548A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-26 | Electric drive apparatus, chopper, dc motor, and electric device |
JP2019532813A JP2020516210A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-26 | Electric drives, choppers, DC motors and electrical equipment |
EP17885546.6A EP3565094B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-26 | Electric drive apparatus, dc motor, and electric equipment |
US16/471,012 US10622876B2 (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-26 | Electric drive apparatus, chopper, DC motor, and electric device |
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CN201710304284.7A CN107086830B (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | Direct current drive driving device and electrical equipment |
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CN107086830A true CN107086830A (en) | 2017-08-22 |
CN107086830B CN107086830B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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CN107086830B (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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