CN106654854B - A kind of over-pressure safety device and method for CMOS laser driver - Google Patents
A kind of over-pressure safety device and method for CMOS laser driver Download PDFInfo
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- CN106654854B CN106654854B CN201710019567.7A CN201710019567A CN106654854B CN 106654854 B CN106654854 B CN 106654854B CN 201710019567 A CN201710019567 A CN 201710019567A CN 106654854 B CN106654854 B CN 106654854B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0427—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying modulation to the laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver; laser driver is controlled by input terminal voltage; suitable driving current is exported to laser; it is characterized in that: the over-pressure safety device is sampled from the output end of laser driver; its output end voltage is adjusted according to this sampled signal, output end is connected to the input terminal of laser driver；The over-pressure safety device specifically includes: high impedance module, and input terminal connects the output end of laser driver；Offset voltage generator, input terminal connect the output end of high impedance module；Adder, two input terminals are separately connected the output end of high impedance module and the output end of offset voltage generator, obtain the output voltage of over-pressure safety device.The present invention has many advantages, such as that structure is simple, low-power consumption and Yi Shixian, low hardware cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Laser Driven technical fields in the systems such as fiber optic communication, and in particular to one kind is used for CMOS laser
The over-pressure safety device and method of driver.
Background technique
Traditional optical fiber telecommunications system includes electric light converter, data transmitter, photoelectric converter and data receiver,
Middle transceiver chip is mainly integrated using special process such as GaAs, InP or SiGe at present, these special process are expensive,
The cost of entire optical communication system is undoubtedly increased, therefore the optical communication transceriver for researching and developing low cost has great significance.It is modern
The cutoff frequency of deep-submicron CMOS process is continuously improved, so that be designed to can for the High Speed Laser-Driver based on CMOS technology
Energy.Since deep-submicron CMOS process improves work cutoff frequency, grid by constantly reducing channel length and gate oxide thickness
The voltage range that source and drain-source can be born is smaller and smaller.The generated biggish voltage modulated amplitude of oscillation makes when laser normal work
The device for obtaining the exciting driver of deep-submicron CMOS process design is easily in grid source or drain-source overvoltage condition, so as to cause
Reliability reduces even circuit malfunction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve deep-submicron CMOS Laser Driven device grid source or drain-source over-voltage caused by integrity problem, this
Invention provides a kind of over-pressure safety device and method for deep-submicron CMOS laser driver, is controlled by simple loop
The reliability and stability of circuit are improved to achieve effective control grid source and the drain-source pressure difference of cmos device.The present invention has knot
Structure is simple, the advantages such as low-power consumption and Yi Shixian, low hardware cost.
A kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver carries out overvoltage protection to laser driver, described
Laser driver output end connecting laser, it is characterized in that:
The over-pressure safety device output end is connected to the input terminal of laser driver, and over-pressure safety device is from Laser Driven
The output end of device samples, and over-pressure safety device output end voltage is adjusted according to this sampled signal, to protect laser driver to input
End does not puncture because of over-voltage；
The over-pressure safety device specifically includes:
High impedance module, input terminal connect the output end of laser driver, and high impedance module is exported from laser driver
End sampling, constructs sampled voltage；
Offset voltage generator, input terminal connect the output end of high impedance module, and offset voltage generator is according to
The sampled voltage of high impedance module output adjusts offset voltage；
Adder, two input terminals are separately connected the output of the output end and offset voltage generator of high impedance module
The sampled voltage that the high impedance module exports is added to obtain by end, adder with the offset voltage that offset voltage generator exports
The output voltage of over-pressure safety device.
Above-mentioned a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver, wherein the over-pressure safety device includes:
4th PMOS tube M4, using diode connection type, drain and gate is shorted, and grid is connected to laser driver
Input terminal；
Second adjustable current source I2, one end connect publicly, and the other end connects the drain electrode of the 4th PMOS tube M4；
5th PMOS tube M5, source electrode connect the first power vd D, the source electrode of the 4th PMOS tube M4 of drain electrode connection；
Second resistance R2, one end connect the drain electrode of the 5th PMOS tube M5；
Third current source I3, one end connect publicly, and the other end connects the other end of second resistance R2；
Amplifier A1, output end connect the grid of the 5th PMOS tube M5, and non-inverting input terminal connects the another of second resistance R2
End；
3rd resistor R3, one end connect the inverting input terminal of amplifier A1, and the other end connects the output end of laser driver；
The laser driver includes:
First adjustable current source I1, one end connect publicly；
First NMOS tube M1, grid connect second source VINP, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
Second NMOS tube M2, grid connect third power supply VINN, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
First resistor R1, one end connect the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube M1, and the other end connects the first power vd D；
Third PMOS tube M3, grid is the input terminal of laser driver, with the 4th PMOS tube M4 in over-pressure safety device
Grid connection, drain electrode connection the second NMOS tube M2 drain electrode, and output end is drawn, in connecting laser anode and over-pressure safety device
The other end of 3rd resistor R3；
4th adjustable current source I4, one end are connect with third PMOS tube M3 source electrode, and the other end connects the first power vd D.
A kind of above-mentioned over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver, in which:
By to the second adjustable current source I2 design proportional to the 4th adjustable current source I4 and the first adjustable current source I1,
To adapt to the bias current I of different lasersBIASWith modulation electric current IMOD。
A kind of above-mentioned over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver, in which:
The way of realization of the high impedance module has the resistance being made of monocrystalline silicon resistor or N well resistance or diffusion resistance
Network.
A kind of above-mentioned over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver, in which:
The offset voltage generator is by feedback loop or by the way that electricity is infused on resistance or passed through by electric current
Stream source is injected into the transistor of diode connection to realize.
A kind of above-mentioned over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver, in which:
The laser driver is deep-submicron CMOS laser driver.
A kind of over-voltage protection method of CMOS laser driver, in which:
S1: high impedance module is sampled from the output end of laser driver, obtains sampled voltage；
S2: offset voltage generator obtains offset voltage according to the sampled voltage；
S3: the sampled voltage is added by adder with the offset voltage, obtains overvoltage protection control voltage；
S4: the controlled overvoltage protection of voltage range is controlled voltage output to laser driver, by swashing by over-pressure safety device
The output driving laser of CD-ROM driver.
Using device of the present invention can obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1) source voltage terminal of third PMOS tube M3 is adjusted according to output end sampled signal to adapt to different model, different temperatures
Under the conditions of vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
2) the 4th PMOS tube M4 is biased third PMOS tube M3 using diode connection type to follow PVT to change.
3) the second adjustable current source I2 design proportional to the 4th adjustable current source I4, the first adjustable current source I1 respectively,
To adapt to different laser driver bias current and modulation electric current.Also adjustable third adjustable current source I3 is for difference
Laser exports different IMODThe equivalent conducting resistance of electric current and various lasers, to optimize the V of third PMOS tube M3ds。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is laser driver over-pressure safety device functional block diagram.
Fig. 2 is a specific implementation figure of laser driver over-pressure safety device.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated by the way that a preferable specific embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the output end of laser driver provides the suitable driving current of laser；Over-pressure safety device from swash
The output end of CD-ROM driver samples, and adjusts its output end voltage according to this sampled signal, output end is connected to laser driver
Input terminal, with guarantee voltage range in laser driver can be in tolerance range；
The over-pressure safety device bandwidth is less than 100kHz, guarantees that high-speed signal paths are unaffected, specifically includes:
High impedance module 12, input terminal connect the output end of laser driver, and high impedance module 12 is from laser driver
Output end extracts sampled voltage, can generate load effect to output sampling with high impedance module to avoid to laser driver, from
And it avoids reducing laser output bandwidth；
Offset voltage generator 11, the output end of input terminal connection high impedance module 12, offset voltage generator 11
Offset voltage is arranged in sampled voltage according to the high impedance module 12 output；
Adder 13, two input terminals are separately connected the output end and offset voltage generator 11 of high impedance module 12
Output end, the imbalance electricity that adder 13 exports the sampled voltage that the high impedance module 12 exports and offset voltage generator 11
Pressure handled to obtain the output voltage of over-pressure safety device, provide bias voltage for laser driver, be in the present embodiment for
The middle third PMOS tube M3 of laser driver provides bias voltage.
Laser driver output end current range are as follows:
Wherein IBIASFor the bias current of laser, IMODFor the modulation electric current of laser, IoutputIt is generated on laser
IMOD×RvcselVoltage swing, wherein IMODGenerally 6~10mA, RvcselFor the equivalent conducting resistance of laser, generally 70
~80 Ω, then IMOD×RvcselMaximum value up to 800mV.
As shown in Fig. 2, over-pressure safety device includes:
4th PMOS tube M4, using diode connection type, drain and gate is shorted, and grid is connected to laser driver
Input terminal；
Second adjustable current source I2, one end connect publicly, and the other end connects the drain electrode of the 4th PMOS tube M4；
5th PMOS tube M5, source electrode connect the first power vd D, the source electrode of the 4th PMOS tube M4 of drain electrode connection；
Second resistance R2, one end connect the drain electrode of the 5th PMOS tube M5；
Third current source I3, one end connect publicly, and the other end connects the other end of second resistance R2；
Amplifier A1, output end connect the grid of the 5th PMOS tube M5, and non-inverting input terminal connects the another of second resistance R2
End；
3rd resistor R3, one end connect the inverting input terminal of amplifier A1, and the other end connects the output end of laser driver.
Laser driver includes:
First adjustable current source I1, one end connect publicly；
First NMOS tube M1, grid connect second source VINP, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
Second NMOS tube M2, grid connect third power supply VINN, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
First resistor R1, one end connect the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube M1, and the other end connects the first power vd D；
Third PMOS tube M3, grid is the input terminal of laser driver, with the 4th PMOS tube M4 in over-pressure safety device
Grid connection, drain electrode connection the second NMOS tube M2 drain electrode, and output end is drawn, in connecting laser anode and over-pressure safety device
The other end of 3rd resistor R3, the grid voltage by adjusting third PMOS tube M3, which reaches, adjusts third PMOS tube M3 drain-source voltage
Purpose, to realize the function of overvoltage protection；
4th adjustable current source I4, one end are connect with third PMOS tube M3 source electrode, and the other end connects the first power vd D.
Under the premise of 40nm deep-submicron CMOS process, the drain-source voltage V of third PMOS tube M3ds<0.9V.And third
The drain electrode of PMOS tube M3 is the output end of laser driver, is connect with laser.As described above, the voltage swing of laser is maximum
Up to 800mV, the maximum drain-source voltage that can be born with third PMOS tube M3 is close, therefore the drain-source voltage of third PMOS tube M3 is easy
Over-voltage phenomenon occurs.The source bias voltage by third PMOS tube M3 is needed to be arranged in suitable range, so that the 3rd PMOS
The drain-source voltage V of pipe M3dsMaximum is no more than 0.9V, that is, can reach the purpose of the present invention, be shown below:
Vs,M3-Vd,M3≤0.9 (2)
Wherein, Vs,M3For the source voltage of third PMOS tube M3, Vd,M3For the drain voltage of third PMOS tube M3, that is, swash
The output voltage output of CD-ROM driver, are as follows:
Vd,M3=Vth+Ioutput×Rvcsel (3)
Wherein, Vd,M3,avrgFor the mean drain voltage of third PMOS tube M3, VthFor laser cut-in voltage, IoutputIt is
The drain electrode of three PMOS tube M3 exports electric current, RvcselFor laser equivalent conducting resistance.
According to formula described above (1) it is found that IoutputMinimum value beSubstitution formula (3), then:
It is also known according to formula described above (1), IoutputAverage value be IBIAS, it substitutes into formula (3), then:
VD, M3, avrg=Vth+IBIAS×Rvcsel (5)
In the case of different model, different process, different temperatures, the cut-in voltage of laser, conducting resistance, bias current and
Modulation electric current can be all slightly different, it is therefore desirable to which feedback control loop is monitored this.As shown in Fig. 2, laser anode passes through the
Three resistance R3 are connected to amplifier A1 reverse input end, amplifier A1 non-inverting input terminal and the 5th PMOS tube M5, second resistance R2 and
Third current source I3 constitutes loop, and provides bias voltage to third PMOS tube M3 by the 4th PMOS tube M4 that diode connects
To achieve the purpose that follow PVT to change.At constant current, the gate source voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor is constant, adjusts third PMOS tube M3 herein
Grid voltage can control the source voltage terminal of third PMOS tube M3.
4th PMOS tube M4 is connected using diode, the bias voltage of third PMOS tube M3 is provided, so the 4th PMOS tube
The gate source voltage of M4 is equal to the gate source voltage of third PMOS tube M3.Then formula:
Vs,M3-Vd,M3,avrg=I3 × R2-Vsg,M4+Vsg,M3
It can simplify are as follows:
Vs,M3-Vd,M3,avrg=I3 × R2 (6)
Since the loop band of over-pressure safety device is less than 100kHz, and the operating frequency range of laser is 10G-25G, is made
For over-pressure safety device, the variable quantity of the drain-source voltage when present invention considers third PMOS tube M3 transient state.So need to consider to swash
The minimum voltage value V generated on light deviced,M3,min.Therefore composite type (2), formula (4) and formula (6) again, can be obtained:
Vdsat,M3<I3×R2+Vd,M3,avrg-Vd,M3,min≤0.9
It can be obtained after simplification
Wherein, Vdsat,M3For the overdrive voltage of third PMOS tube M3.
By formula (7) it is found that rationally the resistance value of setting second resistance R2 can be improved laser driver performance and enable third
PMOS tube M3 is constant within the scope of safe drain-source voltage.Third PMOS tube M3 and the 4th PMOS tube M4 chooses identical ditch road length
Degree, the proportional transistor of channel width make Vsg,M3And Vsg,M4It cancels out each other.
As shown in Fig. 2, adjustable current source I1 provides the modulation electric current I of laserMOD；Adjustable current source I4 provides laser
Maximum operating currenbt, value isBy to adjustable current source I2 and adjustable current source I4 and can
The proportional design of current source I1 is adjusted, to adapt to the bias current and modulation electric current of different laser drivers, in laser driver
V is kept when exporting different bias currents and modulation electric currentsg,M3=Vsg,M4, while saving a large amount of power consumptions, it is ensured that PMOS tube M3
Drain-source voltage keep constant and be in safe range in different output electric currents.
The way of realization of high impedance module has by monocrystalline silicon (poly) resistance or N trap (NWELL) resistance or diffusion
(diffusion) resistor network that resistance is constituted.
Offset voltage generator, can be by feedback loop or by being infused on resistance (I × R) by electric current or passing through
Current source is injected into the transistor of diode connection to realize or three kinds of methods are used in combination.
A kind of overpressure means of CMOS laser driver of the present invention, the course of work are as follows:
S1: high impedance module is sampled from the output end of laser driver, obtains sampled voltage；
S2: offset voltage generator obtains offset voltage according to the sampled voltage；
S3: the sampled voltage is added by adder with the offset voltage, obtains overvoltage protection control voltage；
S4: the controlled overvoltage protection of voltage range is controlled voltage output to laser driver, by swashing by over-pressure safety device
The output driving laser of CD-ROM driver.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver carries out overvoltage protection to laser driver, described swashs
CD-ROM driver output end connecting laser, it is characterised in that:
The over-pressure safety device output end is connected to the input terminal of laser driver, and over-pressure safety device is from laser driver
Output end sampling adjusts over-pressure safety device output end voltage according to this sampled signal, to protect laser driver input terminal not
Puncture because of over-voltage；
The over-pressure safety device specifically includes:
High impedance module (12), input terminal connect the output end of laser driver, and high impedance module (12) is from laser driver
Output end sampling, constructs sampled voltage；
Offset voltage generator (11), input terminal connect the output end of high impedance module (12), offset voltage generator (11)
Offset voltage is adjusted according to the sampled voltage of the high impedance module (12) output；
Adder (13), two input terminals are separately connected the output end and offset voltage generator (11) of high impedance module (12)
Output end, the output of sampled voltage and offset voltage generator (11) that adder (13) exports the high impedance module (12)
Offset voltage be added to obtain the output voltage of over-pressure safety device；
The offset voltage generator and adder, comprising: the 4th PMOS tube M4, using diode connection type, drain electrode
It is shorted with grid, grid is connected to the input terminal of laser driver；Second adjustable current source I2, one end connects publicly, another
The drain electrode of the 4th PMOS tube M4 of end connection；5th PMOS tube M5, source electrode connect the first power vd D, drain electrode the 4th PMOS tube of connection
The source electrode of M4；Second resistance R2, one end connect the drain electrode of the 5th PMOS tube M5；Third current source I3, one end connect publicly, separately
The other end of one end connection second resistance R2；Amplifier A1, output end connect the grid of the 5th PMOS tube M5, and non-inverting input terminal connects
The other end of second resistance R2 is connect, inverting input terminal connects high impedance module；3rd resistor R3, one end connect the anti-of amplifier A1
Phase input terminal, the other end connect the output end of laser driver；The setting of offset voltage is realized the drain-source in laser driver
Voltage control is that can bear voltage range no more than the drain-source.
2. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The laser driver includes:
First adjustable current source I1, one end connect publicly；
First NMOS tube M1, grid connect second source VINP, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
Second NMOS tube M2, grid connect third power supply VINN, and source electrode connects the first adjustable current source I1 other end；
First resistor R1, one end connect the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube M1, and the other end connects the first power vd D；
Third PMOS tube M3, grid are the input terminal of laser driver, the grid with the 4th PMOS tube M4 in over-pressure safety device
Connection, drain electrode connection the second NMOS tube M2 drain electrode, and output end is drawn, third in connecting laser anode and over-pressure safety device
The other end of resistance R3；
4th adjustable current source I4, one end are connect with third PMOS tube M3 source electrode, and the other end connects the first power vd D.
3. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
By to the second adjustable current source I2 design proportional to the 4th adjustable current source I4 and the first adjustable current source I1, with suitable
Answer the bias current IBIAS and modulation electric current IMOD of different lasers.
4. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The way of realization of the high impedance module (12) has the resistance being made of monocrystalline silicon resistor or N well resistance or diffusion resistance
Network.
5. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The offset voltage generator (11) is by feedback loop or current source is infused on resistance or passed through by electric current
The transistor of diode connection is injected into realize.
6. a kind of over-pressure safety device for CMOS laser driver as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The laser driver is deep-submicron CMOS laser driver.
7. a kind of method of the over-pressure safety device using CMOS laser driver as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6,
It is characterized in that:
S1: high impedance module (12) is sampled from the output end of laser driver, obtains sampled voltage；
S2: offset voltage generator (11) obtains offset voltage according to the sampled voltage；
S3: the sampled voltage is added by adder (13) with the offset voltage, obtains overvoltage protection control voltage；
S4: over-pressure safety device to laser driver, is driven the controlled overvoltage protection control voltage output of voltage range by laser
The output driving laser of dynamic device.
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| CN201710019567.7A CN106654854B (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | A kind of over-pressure safety device and method for CMOS laser driver |
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| CN201710019567.7A CN106654854B (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | A kind of over-pressure safety device and method for CMOS laser driver |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5335239A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-08-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Thermal compensation for laser diodes using active feedback |
| CN201171141Y (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2008-12-24 | 邹运心 | Multifunctional drive control device for semiconductor laser |
| CN102447218A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-05-09 | 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 | Laser constant-current control drive circuit |
| CN104617483A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-13 | 东南大学 | Ultra high speed laser driver circuit with bandwidth compensation and driver chip |
-
2017
- 2017-01-10 CN CN201710019567.7A patent/CN106654854B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5335239A (en) * | 1993-03-17 | 1994-08-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Thermal compensation for laser diodes using active feedback |
| CN201171141Y (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2008-12-24 | 邹运心 | Multifunctional drive control device for semiconductor laser |
| CN102447218A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-05-09 | 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 | Laser constant-current control drive circuit |
| CN104617483A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-13 | 东南大学 | Ultra high speed laser driver circuit with bandwidth compensation and driver chip |
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