The content of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protects the demarcation method of red line, to
The method for solving the problems, such as to protect red line without automatization, standardized reasonable defined area Characteristics and Water Conservation Function.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
The demarcation method that a kind of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protects red line, including step are provided:
Step S1. obtains region base data, and pretreatment basic data;
Step S2. is based on pretreated basic data, and to the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in region importance assessment is carried out, and carries
Take Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region;
Step S3. is based on importance assessment result, by the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region of vector format and at least one vector
The protection zone of change carries out space overlapping, obtains the preliminary defined area of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection red line;
The figure spot of preliminary defined area of step S4. to obtaining in step S3 is modified, and obtains Characteristics and Water Conservation Function guarantor
The delimitation result of shield red line.
Wherein, the basic data described in step S1 includes:Administrative area Fundamental Geographic Information Data, remote sensing image, soil
Using survey data, meteorological data, the map data in national, and province level non-development zones region, important protection zone map number
According to;
The meteorological data includes temperature, precipitation, evaporation, wind speed, humidity, sunshine time etc.;
The map data in national, and province level non-development zones region include wetland park, Important Wetland, important water source
Protecting field, important flood storage and detention basin etc.;
The map data of the important protection zone include important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone, important protection waters etc.;
Pretreatment for remote sensing images includes:Geographic coordinate system conversion, projective transformation, registration and geometric correction;
Pretreatment for meteorological data includes:Reject the invalid data observed in data for many years;According to meteorological site
Latitude and longitude information, by meteorological data spatially interpolation, and carries out many annuals with raster symbol-base device;
Pretreatment for map data includes:Scanning, sets up the coordinate system and projection pattern of scanogram, then with administration
Area's Fundamental Geographic Information Data carries out registration, and carries out vector quantization.
Above-mentioned national, and province level non-development zones region and important protection zone are folded for space as protection zone
Plus.
Step S2 is further included:
Step S21. estimates Water conservation using Water conservation as evaluation index using water balance method;
Step S22. is classified to Water conservation;Preferably, Water conservation is divided into into 4 grades, i.e., is typically weighed
Will, medium important, important, of the utmost importance this 4 grades;
Step S23. extracts the region of Water conservation highest level, obtains Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region;
Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region is converted into vector format by step S24., and as Characteristics and Water Conservation Function drawing for red line is protected
One of fixed ingredient.
Specifically, adopt in step S21 water balance method estimation Water conservation formula for:WY=P-ET
In formula, WY is Water conservation, characterizes the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function of ecosystem;P is mean annual precipitation;ET
For annual mean evapotranspiration;
Annual mean evapotranspiration ET is calculated with Budyko hydrothermal reaction coupling equilibrium hypothesis, and computing formula is:
In formula, PET is many annual Penman-Monteith formulas, is calculated using Penman-Monteith formula;ω is constant, table
Show the non-physical parameter of natural climate-soil property.
Specifically, it is to adopt Natural Parting Method to carry out classification to Water conservation in step S22, and Water conservation is carried out
Classification.
The figure spot of preliminary defined area is modified in step S4, further includes step:Polymerization is processed, deducts broken
Speckle, artificial land used is rejected, border and ground is optimized and revised and is verified.
It is, using the cluster tool of GIS platform, relative aggregation or neighbouring figure spot to be gathered that the polymerization is processed
It is combined into figure spot in flakes;
It is that the tiny figure spot of independence by plaque area below threshold value is deleted that the deduction crushes speckle;
It is described to reject artificial land used and be the large-scale construction land that deducts after polymerization in figure spot and concentrate farmland in flakes;
The border of optimizing and revising is to combine the physical geography border in remote sensing image, and adjustment Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection is red
The border of line;
It is to find out be difficult on figure that clearly defining or have controversial red line block border moves towards, and determines red that the ground is verified
Line boundary flex point geographical coordinate, and correct ecological protection red line block border trend.
Preferably, polymerization distance is 250m during polymerization is processed, and minimum hole size is 1km2;Deduct the threshold in broken speckle
It is worth for 1km2。
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
By carrying out the assessment of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function importance to studying area, water conservation zoning of the utmost importance is entered into ecological protection
Red line, with reference to wetland park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important flood storage and detention basin equal distribution, superposition obtains region water source
Conservation protects red line.In this approach, there is provided automatization, standardized Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protect the delimitation side of red line
Method, solves the blank in red line division methods in prior art.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, the partial change from description
Obtain it is clear that or being understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by the explanations write
Specifically noted structure is realizing and obtain in book, claims and accompanying drawing.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings specifically describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, wherein, accompanying drawing constitutes the application part, and
It is used to together with embodiments of the present invention explain the principle of the present invention.
One specific embodiment of the present invention, discloses the demarcation method that a kind of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protects red line, such as schemes
1, comprise the following steps:
Step S1. obtains region base data, and pretreatment basic data.
The basic data includes:Administrative area Fundamental Geographic Information Data is (including the letter such as administrative area border, water system, road
Breath);The remote sensing image in region;Land use survey data;Meteorological data (temperature, precipitation including meteorological site, evaporation, wind
The data such as speed, humidity, sunshine time, air pressure, but it is not limited to above-mentioned data type);National, and province level non-development zones region
Map data (main Types include wetland park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important flood storage and detention basin etc.);Important river
The map data of the important protection zones such as river lake Water Functional Zone, important protection waters.The electronic edition of above-mentioned basic data is general
For vector format or grid format, papery data are the form of paper map.
In the present embodiment, the concrete data for obtaining include:Administrative area Fundamental Geographic Information Data, remote sensing images, soil profit
With meteorological datas such as survey data, precipitation, evaporation, temperature;Wetland park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important storage are stagnant
Big vast area, important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone, the map data in important protection waters.Wherein, administrative area Fundamental Geographic Information Data,
Land use survey data are shp forms, precipitation, are evaporated to the text data of meteorological site, wetland park, Important Wetland, weight
Digestion in water bath, important flood storage and detention basin, important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone, the map data in important protection waters are wanted to be papery figure
The form of part, for as protection zone, space overlapping being carried out in subsequent step.
Pretreatment for remote sensing images is carried out based on the Fundamental Geographic Information Data of administrative area, is specifically included:
Geographic coordinate system conversion, projective transformation, registration and geometric correction.
The pretreatment carried out for meteorological data includes:Reject the invalid data observed in data for many years;According to weather station
The latitude and longitude information of point, using Kriging Spatial Interpolation Methods, the meteorological data of meteorological site spatially interpolation is covered whole
Individual region, and many annuals are carried out with raster symbol-base device, obtain many average temperatures of the whole year in region, average annual precipitation, average evaporation,
The grid map of the data such as average sunshine time, mean wind speed, medial humidity, average gas pressure.The process of this part can be in geography
Realize on information system platform (such as ArcGIS).The invention is not restricted to use Kriging Spatial Interpolation Methods, can be according to region model
Enclose, regional characteristics selects other interpolation methods.
To wetland park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important flood storage and detention basin, important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone,
The map data in important protection waters are scanned, and set up the coordinate system and projection pattern of scanogram, then basic with administrative area
Geographic information data carries out registration, and carries out vector quantization, obtains wetland park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important storage
The vectogram of the protection zones such as detention basin, important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone, important protection waters.
Step S2. is based on pretreated meteorological data grid map, and to Characteristics and Water Conservation Function importance assessment is carried out.
Evaluation index of step S21. using Water conservation as research area's ecosystem Characteristics and Water Conservation Function, using the water yield
Water conservation is estimated in counterbalanced procedure, i.e., using Atmospheric precipitation as moisture input quantity, to evaporate as moisture output, formula is such as
Under:
WY=P-ET
In formula:WY is Water conservation (mm), characterizes the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function of ecosystem;P is mean annual precipitation
Amount (mm);ET is annual mean evapotranspiration (mm).
Annual mean evapotranspiration is calculated with Budyko hydrothermal reaction coupling equilibrium hypothesis:
In formula:PET is many annual Penman-Monteith formulas (mm), can be calculated using Penman-Monteith formula,
The calculating parameter of Penman-Monteith formula includes:Temperature, saturation vapour pressure, evaporation, sunshine time, wind speed etc., it is embezzled
With vapour pressure according to air pressure, humidity and temperature computation, above-mentioned calculating parameter derives from the observation data of meteorological site;ω is normal
Number, represents the non-physical parameter of natural climate-soil property, according to land use pattern value, is obtained according to document or data
The reference value of the types such as arable land, forest land, meadow, wetland, artificial land used.
Step S22. is classified to Water conservation.
Specifically, based on the reclassification instrument in GIS platform (such as ArcGIS softwares) spatial analysis module,
Using Natural Parting Method, Water conservation is classified.Be divided into 4 grades by Water conservation size in embodiment, i.e., one
As it is important, medium important, important, of the utmost importance.
Step S23. extracts the region of Water conservation highest level, obtains the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region of grid.
It should be noted that the present embodiment with by Water conservation size be divided into 4 grades, extract Water conservation highest
Illustrate as a example by the region of rank, but the invention is not restricted to be divided into 4 grades according to Water conservation size, can be according to water
Source self-restraint amount size is divided into the multiple grades such as 3 or 5;And be also not necessarily limited to extract the region of highest level, can be according to actual need
Ask, highest level region or highest level region and secondary high-level region or front 3 high-level region etc. are extracted, as water source
Conservation region.
The raster data in Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region is converted into vector format by step S24., is protected as Characteristics and Water Conservation Function
One ingredient of the delimitation of shield red line.
Step S3. is based on importance assessment result, by the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region of vector format and at least one vector
The protection zone of change carries out space overlapping, obtains the preliminary defined area of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection red line.
By the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function region of the vector format obtained in previous step, with wetland park, Important Wetland, important water
The vector data of the protection zones such as source protection ground, important flood storage and detention basin, important rivers and lakes Water Functional Zone, important protection waters enters
Row space overlapping, obtains Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection red line and tentatively delimit scheme.
The figure spot of the preliminary defined area that step S4. is obtained to previous step through space overlapping is modified, and obtains water source
Conservation protects the delimitation result of red line.
With remote sensing image and land use survey data as base map, carried out to being superimposed figure spot using GIS software
Polymerization is processed, and according to ecosystem integrity independent tiny figure spot and artificial land used are rationally deducted, and revision Characteristics and Water Conservation Function is protected
The preliminary defined area of shield red line.Specifically include following steps:
A. polymerization is processed
Using the cluster tool in GIS platform, such as in ArcGIS softwares under ArcToolbox
Aggregate Polygons functions in Cartography Tools modules, relative aggregation or neighbouring figure spot are polymerized to
Relatively complete figure spot in flakes.Setting polymerization distance is 250m in the present embodiment, and minimum hole size is 1km2.But, this
Bright to be not limited to above-mentioned polymerization distance and hole size, each administrative area can be appropriate according to the fragmentation degree of figure spot and area under one's jurisdiction area
Adjustment polymerization distance.
B. broken speckle is deducted
It is to avoid ecological protection red line plaque rupture, plaque area is independent thin below threshold value in the present embodiment
Little figure spot is deleted, and is deleted the area threshold of figure spot and can suitably be adjusted according to administrative area size, and the present embodiment is adopted
1km2As threshold value, it is not limited to 1km2。
C. artificial land used is rejected
According to the data such as present status of land utilization and planning, the large-scale construction land after polymerization in figure spot is deducted with concentration in flakes
Farmland.The present embodiment is based on land use survey data, deducts large-scale construction land and concentrates farmland in flakes.
D. border is optimized and revised
The Characteristics and Water Conservation Function obtained after above-mentioned process is protected into the vector data of red line, remote sensing image, knot is compareed
The physical geography border of the key elements such as mountain range, river, lake, the vegetation in conjunction remote sensing image, adjustment Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection is red
The border of line, to keep ecosystem integrity and stability.
E. ground is verified
The result optimized and revised according to more than, further carries out ground and verifies, and finds out and be difficult on figure and clearly define or have
The red line block border trend of dispute, determines red line border flex point geographical coordinate.Result is verified according to ecological protection red line ground,
Ecological protection red line block border trend is corrected on vectogram, Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection red line is formed and delimited scheme.
Process through the revision of above-mentioned a~e, be finally obtained the delimitation result that Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protects red line.
In sum, the demarcation method that a kind of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protects red line is embodiments provided, by right
Research area carries out the assessment of Characteristics and Water Conservation Function importance, water conservation zoning of the utmost importance is entered into ecological protection red line, with reference to wetland
Park, Important Wetland, important digestion in water bath, important flood storage and detention basin equal distribution, superposition obtains region Characteristics and Water Conservation Function protection
Red line, then through the revision of multiple steps, the protection red line for finally giving has taken into full account water source factor and different earth's surfaces
Condition, covers important water source region, combines with Characteristics and Water Conservation Function assessment so that division result is more accurate.In this approach,
The demarcation method of red line is protected there is provided automatization, standardized Characteristics and Water Conservation Function.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of flow process of above-described embodiment method is realized, can be by meter
Calculation machine program is completed to instruct the hardware of correlation, and described program can be stored in computer-readable recording medium.Wherein, institute
Computer-readable recording medium is stated for disk, CD, read-only memory or random access memory etc..
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
All should be included within the scope of the present invention.