CN106651722B - Industrial carbon emission accounting method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an industrial carbon emission accounting method, which adopts an industrial carbon emission monitoring system to carry out accounting; the system comprises a carbon emission data acquisition module, a carbon emission accounting module, a data storage module, a mobile monitoring and query module, a statistical analysis module and a server. The method comprises a basic energy consumption data acquisition step, a carbon emission accounting step based on an input-output method, a mobile monitoring and/or inquiring step and a statistical analysis step. The invention can efficiently and quickly acquire and account the carbon emission of the industrial enterprise, reflect the carbon emission condition of the enterprise in real time, cover energy and non-energy component systems by the carbon emission data calculated by the input-output method, and can truly reflect the energy consumption and carbon emission condition of the enterprise and diagnose and analyze the data in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an industrial carbon emission accounting method.
Background
Carbon emission is a general term for greenhouse gas emission, and refers to greenhouse gas emission generated by fossil energy combustion activities such as coal, natural gas, petroleum and the like, industrial production processes, land utilization changes, forestry activities, and greenhouse gas emission caused by using outsourced electricity, heat and the like. The working scheme of controlling greenhouse gas emission by thirteen five is provided, the total carbon dioxide emission of the unit domestic production value is reduced by 18 percent compared with that of 2015 by 2020, and the total carbon emission is effectively controlled. The method provides higher and more urgent requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction work in China.
At the same time, carbon trading is a market mechanism designed to reduce global carbon dioxide emissions. The first additional agreement of the public treaty passed in 12 months in 1997, the kyoto protocol, takes a market mechanism as a new path for solving the greenhouse gas emission reduction problem represented by carbon dioxide, thereby forming the transaction of carbon dioxide emission rights, which is called carbon transaction for short. Currently, governments are actively engaged in marketing carbon emissions trades. China started operating the carbon emission right trading market in China since 2013. Carbon trading trial points are developed in seven provinces, namely Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Hubei, Guangdong and Shenzhen. This has put forward higher requirement to industrial enterprise's energy saving and emission reduction work. For example, the carbon dioxide emission of the large power generation group unit power supply is controlled to be 550g CO2kW.h. The industrial enterprises pay more and more attention to the carbon emission management work, however, many industrial enterprises blindly develop the carbon emission management work under the driving of policies to control the carbon emissionThe management work of (2) fails to achieve a good effect.
The existing carbon emission accounting report of industrial enterprises is generally compiled in a mode that existing emission data are collected and gathered, then carbon emission accounting is carried out, finally carbon emission is obtained, and a carbon emission report is carried out. The third party examination organization carries out on-site investigation, collects data and writes reports when needed. The accounting of the energy and non-energy input of each link in the industrial enterprise also lacks a systematic computing method and knowledge. The existing carbon emission accounting process has the defects of long time period, low efficiency and difficult data collection.
An input-output method, also called input-output analysis, is a science (a method) for studying the balance relationship between input and output between industries, enterprises, procedures in enterprises or products in economic activities by using mathematics and computers. In 1936, Leontief (lyon jeff) proposed that the method was first called the input-output method, and then called the input-output analysis and the input-output economics. In the second wartime, the input-output method is emphasized. In 1941, president rossfort, usa decided to produce 5 million fighters. When the military department planned the task, only considered that the production of the airplane needed aluminum, the production of the aluminum needed electricity, and no thought was given that the transmission of electricity needed copper wires. As a result, when 5 tens of thousands of aircraft are in production, copper wire is used and the united states government has to make transmission and distribution lines using silver. This event awakens the united states as a dream. Thus, input-output analysis work has not been regarded as important. In the early 60 s, our country has studied the input-output method. In recent years, this work has regained attention in all respects. Some units have compiled or are compiling the input-output tables of countries, regions and enterprises, and simultaneously carry out primary input analysis work.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an industrial carbon emission accounting method based on an input-output method, the accounting method can integrally monitor and account the carbon emission of an energy part and the indirect carbon emission of a non-energy part in each link of industrial production, reflects the carbon emission condition of an enterprise in real time through a mobile terminal, and has the advantages of high result accuracy, high efficiency and high speed. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an industrial carbon emission monitoring system comprises a carbon emission data acquisition module, a carbon emission accounting module, a data storage module, a mobile monitoring and query module, a statistical analysis module and a server;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring, inquiring and monitoring basic energy consumption data of an industrial department in real time;
the carbon emission accounting module adopts an input-output method to summarize basic energy consumption data of an industrial department and accounts carbon emission conditions in real time;
the data storage module is used for storing the carbon emission data of the industrial department obtained by the accounting of the carbon emission accounting module in real time;
the mobile monitoring and inquiring module is used for calling the information of the data storage module to check the historical data of carbon emission and is used for connecting the data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of the enterprise department in real time;
the statistical analysis module is externally provided with a workstation and is used for analyzing and summarizing historical data of carbon emission and analyzing energy consumption of the production process of an industrial department;
the server is a service terminal of the data accounting and data storage module and is used for realizing the calling of the computing resources in the server.
The industrial carbon emission accounting method adopts the system and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of acquiring basic energy consumption data, wherein the basic energy consumption data comprises the steps of determining the number of enterprise departments, the quality of self-produced products and outsourcing products of an enterprise, the final quality Y of the self-produced products of the enterprise, the quality V data of the outsourcing products required to be consumed for obtaining the final quality of the self-produced products, determining a carbon emission conversion coefficient of the basic energy consumption data, and importing the data into a data acquisition module;
and a carbon emission accounting step of accounting the carbon emission of each department of the enterprise through a carbon emission accounting module based on an input-output method, wherein the carbon emission accounting step comprises the following steps of:
(1) acquiring a direct consumption coefficient matrix A of the self-produced product of the enterprise to the self-produced product and a direct consumption coefficient matrix D of the self-produced product to the outsourcing product;
(2) calculating the total carbon emission value Q of the outsourcing products of the enterprise;
(3) obtaining a complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced products of the enterprise to the self-produced productsAAnd the complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced product to the outsourced productD；
(4) Calculating a column vector X of the total product yield and a column vector U of the outsourcing product quantity;
(5) accounting the carbon emission E of the self-produced product;
(6) outputting the data of the steps (1) to (5) to a server and a data storage module in a format of a dynamic input-output table;
mobile monitoring and/or inquiring, namely connecting a mobile monitoring and inquiring module with a data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of an enterprise department in real time, and/or calling a dynamic input-output table of a data storage module to check historical data of carbon emission;
and a step of statistical analysis, which is to perform statistics and analysis on the carbon emission data, and perform early warning and data comparison on the carbon emission standard exceeding of main projects, main processes and main products of the enterprise.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can efficiently and quickly acquire and calculate the carbon emission of the industrial enterprise, reflect the carbon emission condition of the enterprise in real time, cover energy and non-energy component systems by the carbon emission data calculated by the input-output method, truly reflect the energy consumption and the carbon emission condition of the enterprise, diagnose and analyze the data in time, pay key attention to parts with serious carbon emission in and among processes, provide accurate targets for the development of energy-saving and consumption-reducing work, and have guiding significance for the formulation of industrial schemes. For example, in the production process of the product A, the carbon emission data of gasoline is the highest, and the carbon emission index of natural gas is lower than that of gasoline, so that the natural gas can be used as a potential alternative energy source of gasoline, and technicians change the energy consumption structure in the production process of A through energy-saving technology transformation under an operable condition, thereby achieving the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a hardware configuration diagram of an industrial carbon emission monitoring system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of direct consumption coefficient relationships of enterprise self-produced products to self-produced products and self-produced products to outsourcing products in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the total consumption coefficients of the self-produced products of the enterprise to the self-produced products and the self-produced products to outsourcing products in the embodiment of the present invention, assuming that the self-produced products are three types: 1. 2 and 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The invention provides an industrial carbon emission monitoring system, wherein a hardware configuration diagram of the system is shown in figure 1, and the system comprises a carbon emission data acquisition module, a carbon emission accounting module, a data storage module, a mobile monitoring and query module, a statistical analysis module and a server; the carbon emission data acquisition module is sequentially connected with the carbon emission accounting module and the data storage module, the carbon emission accounting module and the data storage module are respectively connected with the server, and the data storage module is also connected with the mobile monitoring and query module and the statistical analysis module; the configuration number of the carbon emission data acquisition modules is set according to the number of industrial departments.
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring, inquiring and monitoring basic energy consumption data of the industrial department in real time.
And the carbon emission accounting module adopts an input-output method to summarize basic energy consumption data of an industrial department and accounts the carbon emission condition in real time.
And the data storage module is used for storing the carbon emission data of the industrial department obtained by the accounting of the carbon emission accounting module in real time.
The mobile monitoring and inquiring module is used for calling the information of the data storage module to check the historical data of carbon emission and is used for connecting the data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of the enterprise department in real time.
And the statistical analysis module is externally provided with a workstation and is used for analyzing and summarizing the historical data of carbon emission and analyzing the energy consumption of the production process of the industrial department.
The server is a service terminal of the data accounting and data storage module and is used for realizing the calling of the computing resources in the server.
An industrial carbon emission accounting method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring basic energy data (including tap water, electric energy, natural gas, liquefied petroleum and gasoline), wherein the basic energy data comprises the data of determining the number of departments of an enterprise, the quality of self-produced products and outsourced products of the enterprise, the final quality Y of the self-produced products of the enterprise, the quality V data of the outsourced products required to be consumed for obtaining the final quality of the self-produced products of the enterprise, determining a carbon emission conversion coefficient of the basic energy data, and introducing the data into a data acquisition module;
each enterprise is composed of several production processes, each of which produces a certain number of products and also consumes a certain number of energy and non-energy products. These products can be classified into the following categories according to their use and destination:
firstly, self-produced products, namely products produced by enterprises;
outsourcing products, namely products purchased by enterprises from other departments;
intermediate products-the self-produced products consumed in the production process of enterprises;
fourthly, the final product, namely the commodity which is produced by enterprises and enters the market;
the total product, namely the total amount of products produced by enterprises;
for a certain product, the total product is intermediate product + final product;
and a second step, a carbon emission accounting step, wherein the carbon emission accounting module based on the input-output method is used for accounting the carbon emission of each department of the enterprise, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring a direct consumption coefficient matrix A of the self-produced product of the enterprise to the self-produced product and a direct consumption coefficient matrix D of the self-produced product to the outsourcing product;
an enterprise is assumed to have 3 production workshops, 1 product is produced in each workshop, and the product numbers are 1, 2 and 3; each workshop consumes outsourced energy products as well as outsourced non-energy products. Assuming that the number of outsourced products is 2, the products are numbered 1 ', 2', and each workshop consumes the products produced by the workshop and other workshops;
1) direct consumption coefficient a of self-produced product to self-produced productij；
aijThe consumption of the jth plant product per unit of product to the ith plant product (or the number of units of product j produced) is namely aij＝xij/xj(i，j＝1，2，3)；
In the formula, xi-product yield of product of jth; x is the number ofijTo produce a product xjThe total amount of the i-th product consumed. All a isijTaken together and represented by a matrix, then there are:
2) direct consumption coefficient d of self-produced product to outsourced producti‘j；
di‘j＝ui‘j/xj(i’＝1’，2’；j＝1，2，3) [2]；
In the formula ui‘jThe total amount of outsourced product i' consumed for producing product j, di‘j-consumption of purchased product i' by production unit j;
all d arei‘jCombined together and using matrix D2×3This means that there are:
FIG. 2 provides a graph of direct consumption coefficient relationships for a self-produced product versus a self-produced product and a self-produced product versus a outsourced product for an enterprise;
(2) calculating the total carbon emission value Q of the outsourcing products of the enterprise;
q in the formula [4] is the carbon emission value of each outsourcing product;
when the outsourcing product is a carbonaceous energy product: q is MOuter cover× C% × 44/12, wherein M is the weight of the purchased product in kg, and C is the carbon content of the energy product in%;
when the outsourcing product is a non-carbonaceous energy product, m is: q is MOuter cover× r, wherein r is the carbon emission conversion coefficient of non-carbonaceous energy base energy data;
(3) obtaining a complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced products of the enterprise to the self-produced productsAAnd the complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced product to the outsourced productD；
Suppose that the complete consumption coefficients of the self-produced products 1, 2, 3 to the self-produced product 1 are b11、b12、b13Thus, the sum of each indirect consumption of product 1 over product 1 is: b11a11+b12a21+b13a31[5]Wherein b is11a11: each indirect consumption of product 1 by product 1; b12a21: each indirect consumption of product 1 by product 2; b13a31: each indirect consumption of product 1 by product 3;
complete consumption coefficient b of product 1 to product 111Comprises the following steps: b11＝a11+b11a11+b12a21+b13a31[6]；
In the same way, the complete consumption coefficient b of the product 1 to the product 221Comprises the following steps: b21＝a21+b21a11+b22a21+b23a31[7]；
Complete consumption coefficient b of product 1 to product 331Comprises the following steps: b31＝a31+b31a11+b32a21+b33a31[8]；
Namely:
namely: b is A + BA 10, where A is the direct consumption coefficient matrix of the self-produced product to the self-produced product; b-the complete consumption coefficient matrix of the self-produced product to the self-produced product; i-identity matrix;
after finishing, obtaining: b (I-a) ═ a ═ I- (I-a) [11 ];
BA＝(I-A)-1-I [12]；
namely: b isD＝D+BDA [14]Wherein D is a direct consumption coefficient matrix of the self-produced product to the outsourced product;
after finishing, obtaining: b isD(I-A)＝D [15]；
BD＝D(I-A)-1[16]；
From the formula [12]And [16 ]]Calculating to obtain the complete consumption coefficient BA，BD；
FIG. 3 provides a graph of the relationship of the complete consumption coefficient of an enterprise's own product versus an own product and an own product versus a outsourcing product;
(4) calculating a column vector X of the total product yield and a column vector U of the outsourcing product quantity;
U＝DX+V [17]；
in the formula [17], X is a column vector of the total product yield, and V is a column vector of the quantity of the energy or non-energy products which are lent outwards, and the column vector is given by an enterprise planning department;
the formula for X is: x ═ I (I-A)-1Y [19]；
Y is a column vector of the final product yield, which is given by an enterprise planning department;
(5) accounting the carbon emission E of the self-produced product;
E＝ATE+DTQ [23]；
E＝[D(I-A)-1]TQ [24]；
E＝BD TQ [25]；
(6) outputting the data of the steps (1) to (5) to a server and a data storage module in a format of a dynamic input-output table (shown in table 1);
TABLE 1 calculation table of carbon emission of industrial enterprises based on input-output method
Thirdly, a mobile monitoring and/or inquiring step, namely connecting the mobile monitoring and inquiring module with a data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of an enterprise department in real time, and/or calling a dynamic input-output table of a data storage module to check historical data of carbon emission;
and fourthly, a step of statistical analysis, which is to perform statistics and analysis on the carbon emission data, and perform early warning and data comparison on the carbon emission standard exceeding of main projects, main processes and main products of the enterprise.
In the following, a detailed data analysis will be described by taking an industrial enterprise as an example, the enterprise has two continuous production processes, and the product produced in the process 1 can be further processed into an enterprise final product as a raw material in the process 2, or can be directly used as an enterprise final product. The carbon emission accounting process is as follows:
firstly, a sensor collects basic data of departments in the working procedure 1 and the working procedure 2, original data of carbon emission is determined, and basic information of an object is collected and used for determining the original data of the carbon emission of the object; the acquired basic data comprise carbonaceous energy and non-carbonaceous energy required by self-produced products and outsourced products, and basic identification information of the object; the sensor transmits the acquired object original information and the acquired carbon emission original data to the server through the sensor gateway; the non-carbonaceous energy mainly comprises energy-consuming substances such as water, electricity and the like, and the carbon emission conversion coefficient of the basic energy-using data adopts the latest release value of the national development and improvement commission accounting center;
secondly, a carbon emission measuring and calculating step, wherein the carbon emission measuring and calculating module is used for accounting the carbon emission;
the carbon emission value accounting method of the product is as follows:
1) the complete consumption coefficient of the self-produced product to the self-produced product;
BA＝(I-A)-1-I；
2) the complete consumption coefficient of the self-produced product to the outsourced product;
BD＝D(I-A)-1；
3) the total product quantity X;
X＝(I-A)-1Y；
4) the number of outsourced products U;
U＝DX；
183.12kg of outsourcing coal and 1504 heavy oil4.34kg, power consumption 15131.814 kW.h and industrial water 249.492m3195938.4kg of product;
5) the product carbon emission value E;
E＝BD TQ；
the carbon emission value of product A was 1154.1156kg CO2The carbon emission value of the product B was 1264.378kg CO2The carbon emission value of the product was 13.544kg CO2；
The one-day input-output table of the enterprise is obtained according to the measured basic production data and is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 one-day input-output table of the enterprise
Thirdly, a data query step, namely analyzing the change trend of the carbon emission value of the product A, B, C along with time, and querying the carbon emission data and the equipment running state of any level and any time period of the original collected data through a data query module according to procedures;
fourthly, monitoring in real time, namely feeding back carbon emission state data, energy consumption data and equipment running states of the enterprises to an upper layer in time so as to monitor the equipment states of the enterprises, the energy consumption trends and the carbon emission trends;
fifthly, a statistical analysis step is used for realizing carbon emission data statistics and data query statistical analysis, setting energy consumption management index early warning values in a user-defined mode for main items, main processes and main products of the production process, and finding problems to be processed immediately through analyzing the operation state parameters of equipment; the system can generate curves or charts of various energy consumption data of each monitoring point according to the user-defined time period, and further, reasonable solutions and development measures are formulated for energy consumption of each process and carbon emission conditions of enterprises. Such as flue gas waste heat recovery, water recycling, waste recycling and the like.
Claims (1)
1. An industrial carbon emission accounting method adopts an industrial carbon emission monitoring system for accounting, and the system comprises a carbon emission data acquisition module, a carbon emission accounting module, a data storage module, a mobile monitoring and query module, a statistical analysis module and a server;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring, inquiring and monitoring basic energy consumption data of an industrial department in real time;
the carbon emission accounting module adopts an input-output method to summarize basic energy consumption data of an industrial department and accounts carbon emission conditions in real time;
the data storage module is used for storing the carbon emission data of the industrial department obtained by the accounting of the carbon emission accounting module in real time;
the mobile monitoring and inquiring module is used for calling the information of the data storage module to check the historical data of carbon emission and is used for connecting the data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of the enterprise department in real time;
the statistical analysis module is externally provided with a workstation and is used for analyzing and summarizing historical data of carbon emission and analyzing energy consumption of the production process of an industrial department;
the server is a service terminal of the data accounting and data storage module and is used for realizing the calling of computing resources in the server; the method is characterized in that: the accounting method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of acquiring basic energy consumption data, wherein the basic energy consumption data comprises the steps of determining the number of enterprise departments, the quality of self-produced products and outsourcing products of an enterprise, the final quality Y of the self-produced products of the enterprise, the quality V data of the outsourcing products required to be consumed for obtaining the final quality of the self-produced products, determining a carbon emission conversion coefficient of the basic energy consumption data, and importing the data into a data acquisition module;
and a carbon emission accounting step of accounting the carbon emission of each department of the enterprise through a carbon emission accounting module based on an input-output method, wherein the carbon emission accounting step comprises the following steps of:
(1) acquiring a direct consumption coefficient matrix A of the self-produced product of the enterprise to the self-produced product and a direct consumption coefficient matrix D of the self-produced product to the outsourcing product;
(2) calculating the total carbon emission value Q of the outsourcing products of the enterprise;
(3) obtaining a complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced products of the enterprise to the self-produced productsAAnd the complete consumption coefficient matrix B of the self-produced product to the outsourced productD；
(4) Calculating a column vector X of the total product yield and a column vector U of the outsourcing product quantity;
(5) accounting the carbon emission E of the self-produced product;
(6) outputting the data of the steps (1) to (5) to a server and a data storage module in a format of a dynamic input-output table;
mobile monitoring and/or inquiring, namely connecting a mobile monitoring and inquiring module with a data acquisition module to monitor the current carbon emission condition of an enterprise department in real time, and/or calling a dynamic input-output table of a data storage module to check historical data of carbon emission;
and a step of statistical analysis, which is to perform statistics and analysis on the carbon emission data, and perform early warning and data comparison on the carbon emission standard exceeding of main projects, main processes and main products of the enterprise.
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