CN106646986A - 一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106646986A
CN106646986A CN201710073525.1A CN201710073525A CN106646986A CN 106646986 A CN106646986 A CN 106646986A CN 201710073525 A CN201710073525 A CN 201710073525A CN 106646986 A CN106646986 A CN 106646986A
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liquid crystal
substrate
nematic phase
conductive layer
reflection device
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CN201710073525.1A
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胡小文
曾伟杰
李琛
周国富
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South China Normal University
Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Co Ltd
Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics
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South China Normal University
Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Co Ltd
Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics
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Priority to CN201710073525.1A priority Critical patent/CN106646986A/zh
Publication of CN106646986A publication Critical patent/CN106646986A/zh
Priority to US16/483,804 priority patent/US10942402B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/109811 priority patent/WO2018145494A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/13473—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells for wavelength filtering or for colour display without the use of colour mosaic filters
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法，该器件包括相对设置的三块透光导电基板，三块透光导电基板中相邻两块透光导电基板之间分别封装形成第一调节区和第二调节区，第一调节区和第二调节区均填充有液晶层，液晶层包括混合液晶材料，混合液晶材料包含手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和手性掺杂剂，第一调节区的手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向与第二调节区的手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向相反，能实现某一红外波段的全反射。单体在光引发剂作用下聚合成网络状聚合物，网络状聚合物能捕获液晶混合物中的杂质阳离子，将调节区置于电场下，杂质阳离子运动带动手性向列相液晶移动，使手性向列相液晶螺距形成一定的梯度，从而使得红外反射带宽增宽。

Description

一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及光学、液晶器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法。
背景技术
为了实现阳光透射和反射的目的，一般会在玻璃上镀膜，使得光线中某段波长的光可以被玻璃窗反射或者透射。镀膜玻璃是在玻璃表面涂镀一层或多层金属、合金或金属化合物薄膜，以改变玻璃的光学性能，达到反射或透射某段波长的光的目的。
根据不同的反光和透光需求，可以采用不同材质的膜。在玻璃表面镀一层或多层诸如铬、钛或不锈钢等金属或其化合物组成的薄膜，使产品呈丰富的色彩，对于可见光有适当的透过率，对红外线有较高的反射率。
然而镀膜玻璃在成型后，其光学性能不能随环境变化或个人喜好进行改变，无法满足人们的需求。
而且镀膜玻璃所采用的材料大多是基于金属和金属氧化物掺杂的离子晶体，这种材料容易干扰导航和通信系统。
基于上述原因，镀膜玻璃难以大规模普及。开发一种红外反射波段可调节可反射100％的红外反射薄膜，能够更好地满足人们的需求，进而在市场上广泛推广。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：
一种电响应红外反射器件，包括相对设置的三块透光导电基板，所述三块透光导电基板中相邻两块透光导电基板之间分别封装形成第一调节区和第二调节区，所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区均填充有液晶层，所述液晶层包括混合液晶材料，所述混合液晶材料包含手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和手性掺杂剂，所述第一调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向与所述第二调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向相反，在紫外光照射下所述单体在所述光引发剂作用下聚合成网络状聚合物，所述网络状聚合物能捕获所述液晶混合物中的杂质阳离子，在电场下，杂质阳离子运动带动所述网络状聚合物移动，所述网络状聚合物带动所述手性向列相液晶移动，使得所述手性向列相液晶的螺距发生改变。
在一些优选的实施方式中，每块所述透光导电基板均包括基板和导电层，所述基板与相邻的另一所述基板相对的表面上设有导电层，设于中间的所述基板的上下表面均设有导电层。
在一些进一步优选的实施方式中，设于最下方的所述基板上表面的导电层与设于中间的所述基板下表面的导电层分别和第一直流电源的两极连接，设于最上方的所述基板下表面的导电层与设于中间的所述基板上表面的导电层分别和第二直流电源的两极连接。
在一些进一步优选的实施方式中，设于中间的所述透光导电基板可包括两块相互贴合的基板，上方基板的上表面设有导电层，下方基板的下表面设有导电层。
在上述方案的优选的实施方式中，所述透光导电基板与相邻的另一所述透光导电基板相对的表面上设有平行配向层。
在上述方案的优选的实施方式中，所述液晶层中还包括用于控制所述液晶层厚度的间隔子。
在上述方案的优选的实施方式中，所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区内的所述手性向列相液晶的螺距大小相同。
在上述方案的优选的实施方式中，施加于所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区的电场方向相同或相反。
此外，本发明还提供了一种如上所述的电响应红外反射器件的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：制备三块透光导电基板，每块所述透光导电基板均包括基板和导电层，其中一块所述基板的上下表面均设有导电层；
S2：将三块所述透光导电基板具有导电层的一面相对，分装成液晶盒，所述液晶盒具有两个调节区；
S3：取手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和右旋手性掺杂剂混合，得到混合液晶材料A，取手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和左旋手性掺杂剂混合，得到混合液晶材料B，分别将所述混合液晶材料A和所述混合液晶材料B注入两个所述调节区内。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述S3之后还包括采用紫外光照射所述液晶盒的步骤。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供了一种电响应红外反射器件及其制备方法，该红外反射器件包括相对设置的三块透光导电基板，所述三块透光导电基板中相邻两块透光导电基板之间分别封装形成第一调节区和第二调节区，所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区均填充有液晶层，所述液晶层包括混合液晶材料，所述混合液晶材料包含手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和手性掺杂剂，手性向列相液晶能够反射红外光，手性向列相液晶材料的指向矢在螺旋轴方向上旋转2π的间距称为一个螺距(可用P表示)。所述第一调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向与所述第二调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向相反，在理论和实践中，一种手性旋转方向的手性向列相只能反射与其相应的偏振光，另一种偏振旋转方向的偏振光将具有完全透过性，所以对于只具有单一手性旋转方向的混合液晶材料，在普通的自然光照射状态下，反射红外光的反射率最高只能达到50％，也即透过率能达到50％。本发明提供的电响应红外全反射器件，通过在器件中设置两个调节区，分别在其中填充螺旋方向相反的手性向列相液晶材料，从而实现红外全反射，在一定的红外波段内能够反射100％的红外光，即实现某一红外波段的全反射。并且在这个器件中，两个调节区在混合液晶材料的取向方面互不影响，在工作状态时，根据接入的电源、电压和开关之间的连接关系，可以有各种的工作情况，完全可以满足人们的大部分需求。接入两个调节区的电压可以相同也可以不同，根据人们对室内温度的要求，可以调节调节区的状态。
而混合液晶材料中的所述单体在所述光引发剂作用下聚合成网络状聚合物，所述网络状聚合物能捕获所述液晶混合物中的杂质阳离子，只要在透光导电基板上施加电压，即可将调节区置于电场下，杂质阳离子在电场下会向与电源负极相连的透光导电基板运动，杂质阳离子运动带动所述网络状聚合物移动，所述网络状聚合物带动所述手性向列相液晶移动，使得所述手性向列相液晶的螺距发生改变。在通电状态下，调节区中，聚合物网络因捕获阳离子向负极运动，所述手性向列相液晶分散在所述聚合物网络中，所述手性向列相液晶在聚合物网络的带动下，向负极运动，使得靠近与电源负极相连的透光导电基板的液晶螺距减小，靠近与电源正极相连的透光导电基板的液晶螺距增大，总体在调节区内形成具有一定螺距梯度的螺旋结构。根据以下公式：其中λ为单一螺距的手性向列相液晶反射波长，为液晶的平均双折射；公式可计算得出的值，公式(2)中ne是寻常折射率，no是非寻常折射率；公式Δλ＝(ne-no)×P＝Δn×P(3),其中Δn是双折射率之差，Δλ是反射光谱带宽。由上述公式可知，当P值变成一个梯度范围时，混合液晶材料所反射的波长以及反射的频宽也会随之变大，从而使得红外反射带宽增宽。此外还可以通过调节施加于透光导电基板上的电压、调节混合液晶材料中的各组分比例，使得混合液晶材料的螺距改变，从而调节红外反射薄膜的反射波段，以适应光反射和透射的需求。
综上所述，本发明提供了一种红外反射器件，既能够实现某一波段的红外全反射，又能够实现反射波段调节。
附图说明
图1为电响应红外反射器件的截面图。
图2为在未通电状态下电响应红外反射器件的局部截面图。
图3为通电状态下电响应红外反射器件的局部截面图。
图4为0V、40V电压下电响应红外反射器件的透射光谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
取三块基板裁剪，在基板的表面制备导电层，其中一块基板的上下表面上均制备一层导电层，将三块所述透光导电基板具有导电层的一面相对，分装成液晶盒，所述液晶盒具有两个调节区；取75～85质量份的手性向列相液晶、13～14.5质量份的右旋手性掺杂剂、3～5质量份的单体和0.5～1质量份的光引发剂混合，得到混合液晶材料A，取87-93质量份的手性向列相液晶、3～4质量份的左旋手性掺杂剂、3～5质量份的单体和0.5～1质量份的光引发剂混合，得到混合液晶材料B，其中，所述液晶为负性液晶为LC-2079，所述左旋手性掺杂剂为德国默克公司的S811，所述右旋手性掺杂剂为德国默克公司的R811，所述液晶在所述手性掺杂剂作用下呈手性向列相液晶，所述单体为德国默克公司的RM82、RM257中的任一种，所述光引发剂为德国默克公司的Irgacure-651、Irgacure-369中的任一种；分别将所述混合液晶材料A和所述混合液晶材料B注入两个所述调节区内；采用紫外光照射所述液晶盒，使得单体在光引发剂作用下聚合形成网络状聚合物，得到电响应红外反射器件。
上述制备得到的红外反射器件的截面图如图1，电响应红外反射器件包括相对设置的三块透光导电基板，每块所述透光导电基板均包括基板1和导电层2，所述基板1与相邻的另一所述基板1相对的表面上设有导电层2，设于中间的所述基板1的上下表面均设有导电层2。所述三块透光导电基板中相邻两块透光导电基板之间分别封装形成第一调节区3和第二调节区4，所述第一调节区3和所述第二调节区4均填充有液晶层，所述液晶层包括混合液晶材料和多个用于控制所述液晶层厚度的间隔子5，所述间隔子5的高度等于所述液晶层的厚度，所述间隔子5的形状可为任意形状，所述间隔子5的的材料为压克力树脂、玻璃、硅氧树脂中的任一种。所述透光导电基板与相邻的另一所述透光导电基板相对的表面上设有平行配向层7。所述混合液晶材料包含手性向列相液晶6、单体、光引发剂和手性掺杂剂，手性向列相液晶6呈螺旋状，所述第一调节区3的所述手性向列相液晶6的螺旋方向与所述第二调节区4的所述手性向列相液晶6的螺旋方向相反。一种手性旋转方向的手性向列相只能反射与其相应的偏振光，另一种偏振旋转方向的偏振光将具有完全透过性，所以对于只具有单一手性旋转方向的混合液晶材料，在普通的自然光照射状态下，反射红外光的反射率最高只能达到50％，也即透过率能达到50％。本发明提供的电响应红外反射器件，通过在器件中设置两个调节区，分别在其中填充螺旋方向相反的手性向列相液晶材料，从而实现红外全反射，在一定的红外波段内能够反射100％的红外光，即实现某一红外波段的全反射。
设于最下方的所述基板1上表面的导电层2与设于中间的所述基板1下表面的导电层2分别和第一直流电源8的两极连接，设于最上方的所述基板1下表面的导电层2与设于中间的所述基板1上表面的导电层2分别和第二直流电源9的两极连接。在本实施例中，设于最下方的所述基板1上表面的导电层2与第一直流电源8的负极相连，设于中间的所述基板1下表面的导电层2与第一直流电源8的正极相连，设于最上方的所述基板1下表面的导电层2与第二直流电源9的负极相连，设于中间的所述基板1上表面的导电层2与第二直流电源9的正极相连。所述第一直流电源8与所述第二直流电源9的电压可以相同也可以不同，可根据实际需要进行调节。
在三块所述透光导电基板未通电状态下，可以通过调节混合液晶材料中的各组分比例，使得所述第一调节区3和所述第二调节区4内的手性向列相液晶6的螺距相等。在紫外光照射下所述单体在所述光引发剂作用下聚合成网络状聚合物10，所述网络状聚合物10能捕获所述液晶混合物中的杂质阳离子11，在电场下，杂质阳离子11运动带动所述网络状聚合物10移动，所述网络状聚合物10带动所述手性向列相液晶6移动，使得靠近与电源负极相连的透光导电基板的手性向列相液晶6螺距减小，靠近与电源正极相连的透光导电基板的手性向列相液晶6螺距增大，总体在调节区内形成具有一定螺距梯度的螺旋结构，继而使得红外反射器件的红外反射带宽增宽。
将所述第一调节区3和所述第二调节区4分别接入0V(即实际上均不加电源电压)40V电源电压，进行红外反射实验，测量其反射光谱，得到实验结果如图4。从图4可以看到，本发明所提供的红外反射器件的红外反射波段可以通过调节电压来进行调整。
实施例2：
本实施例与实施例1基本相同，不同之处在于：所述左旋手性掺杂剂为德国默克公司的S1011，所述右旋手性掺杂剂为R1011，设于最下方的所述基板1上表面的导电层2与第一直流电源8的负极相连，设于中间的所述基板1下表面的导电层2与第一直流电源8的正极相连，设于最上方的所述基板1下表面的导电层2与第二直流电源9的正极相连，设于中间的所述基板1上表面的导电层2与第二直流电源9的负极相连。

Claims (10)

1.一种电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，包括相对设置的三块透光导电基板，所述三块透光导电基板中相邻两块透光导电基板之间分别封装形成第一调节区和第二调节区，所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区均填充有液晶层，所述液晶层包括混合液晶材料，所述混合液晶材料包含手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和手性掺杂剂，所述第一调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向与所述第二调节区的所述手性向列相液晶的螺旋方向相反，在紫外光照射下所述单体在所述光引发剂作用下聚合成网络状聚合物，所述网络状聚合物能捕获所述液晶混合物中的杂质阳离子，在电场下，杂质阳离子运动带动所述网络状聚合物移动，所述网络状聚合物带动所述手性向列相液晶移动，使得所述手性向列相液晶的螺距发生改变。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，每块所述透光导电基板均包括基板和导电层，所述基板与相邻的另一所述基板相对的表面上设有导电层，设于中间的所述基板的上下表面均设有导电层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，设于最下方的所述基板上表面的导电层与设于中间的所述基板下表面的导电层分别和第一直流电源的两极连接，设于最上方的所述基板下表面的导电层与设于中间的所述基板上表面的导电层分别和第二直流电源的两极连接。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，设于中间的所述透光导电基板可包括两块相互贴合的基板，上方基板的上表面设有导电层，下方基板的下表面设有导电层。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，所述透光导电基板与相邻的另一所述透光导电基板相对的表面上设有平行配向层。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，所述液晶层中还包括用于控制所述液晶层厚度的间隔子。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区内的所述手性向列相液晶的螺距大小相同。
8.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电响应红外反射器件，其特征在于，施加于所述第一调节区和所述第二调节区的电场方向相同或相反。
9.一种权利要求1-8任一项所述的电响应红外反射器件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：制备三块透光导电基板，每块所述透光导电基板均包括基板和导电层，其中一块所述基板的上下表面均设有导电层；
S2：将三块所述透光导电基板具有导电层的一面相对，分装成液晶盒，所述液晶盒具有两个调节区；
S3：取手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和右旋手性掺杂剂混合，得到混合液晶材料A，取手性向列相液晶、单体、光引发剂和左旋手性掺杂剂混合，得到混合液晶材料B，分别将所述混合液晶材料A和所述混合液晶材料B注入两个所述调节区内。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电响应红外反射器件的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S3之后还包括采用紫外光照射所述液晶盒的步骤。
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