CN106646293B - A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106646293B CN106646293B CN201610895945.3A CN201610895945A CN106646293B CN 106646293 B CN106646293 B CN 106646293B CN 201610895945 A CN201610895945 A CN 201610895945A CN 106646293 B CN106646293 B CN 106646293B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electromagnet
- sample
- displacement sensor
- strain
- laser displacement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 107
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011540 sensing material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/18—Measuring magnetostrictive properties
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain, described device includes: electromagnet pedestal, electromagnetism ferropexy bracket, first electromagnet, second electromagnet, first support bar, second support bar, first knob, second knob, measure fixed station, sample stage, first three-shaft displacement platform, second three-shaft displacement platform, first laser displacement sensor, second laser displacement sensor, first connecting plate, second connecting plate and data processing equipment, when measuring the strain of sample, sample is fixed on sample stage, the laser projected by first laser displacement sensor and second laser displacement sensor calculates the dependent variable of sample generation in the variation for the reflex circuit that sample surfaces generate, the process realizes the non-contact measurement to sample, without pasting foil gauge on the surface of sample, therefore sample will not be by To the limitation of foil gauge maximum deformation quantity, the problem of foil gauge hinders the deformation of sample is also avoided, the precision of measurement is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring magnetic strain in a high-precision wide-range non-contact manner.
Background
The Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy not only has the thermoelastic shape memory effect of the traditional shape memory alloy controlled by a temperature field, but also has the magnetic shape memory effect controlled by a magnetic field. Under the condition of an external magnetic field, large magnetic strain can be generated through the reorientation of a martensite twin crystal variant, and the magnetic strain amount can reach 6-12%. The Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy has important application in the fields of high-power underwater sonar, micro-displacement devices, vibration and noise control, linear motors, microwave devices and the like, and becomes a new generation of driving and sensing material following piezoelectric ceramics and magnetostrictive materials. Therefore, the accurate measurement of the magnetic strain performance of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy has important significance for the application of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy in the engineering field.
The Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy comprises martensite A and martensite B which are in twin crystal relationship with each other, under the action of an external magnetic field, the mechanism of generating magnetic strain of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy is the reorientation of two martensite variants which are in twin crystal relationship with each other, the magnetic strain is expressed as shear strain, a sample of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy is manufactured, the sample is in a cuboid shape, when the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the direction of the easy magnetization axis of the martensite A of the sample, the size of the martensite A is shortened, the size of the martensite B is elongated, on the contrary, when the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the direction of the easy magnetization axis of the martensite B of the sample, the size of the martensite B is shortened, the size of the martensite A is elongated, which is expressed that the sample can realize the elongation in the length direction under the action of the magnetic field, the shortening in the width direction or the shortening in the length direction and the extension in the width direction are small and negligible in size change of the sample in the height direction, so that the magnetic strain performance of the sample can be represented by only measuring the strain of the sample in the direction parallel to the magnetic field or only measuring the strain of the sample in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field.
At present, the method for measuring the magnetic strain of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy adopts a mode of attaching a strain gauge, also called contact measurement, namely, a sample attached with the strain gauge is placed in a magnetic field, when the sample generates magnetic strain under the action of the magnetic field, the size of the strain gauge can be changed along with the size of the sample, when the size of the strain gauge is changed, the resistance value of the strain gauge can be changed, and a voltage signal generated by the change of the resistance value of the strain gauge is read through a data acquisition card and acquisition software, so that the strain value of the sample can be calculated. However, in the measurement process using the strain gauge method, it is found that since the magnetic strain of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy is very large, the maximum strain amount is 12%, that is, if the length dimension of the sample is 10mm, the maximum strain amount can reach 1.2mm, but the deformation amount of the strain gauge itself is limited, when the strain amount of the sample is larger than the maximum deformation amount of the strain gauge, even if the sample continues to generate strain, the dimension of the strain gauge does not continue to change simultaneously with the dimension of the sample, so that the measured data is smaller than the actual deformation amount of the sample, and meanwhile, since the strain gauge is adhered to the surface of the sample, when the deformation amount of the sample is large, the strain gauge adhered to the surface of the sample can hinder the deformation of the sample, so the contact measurement method can affect the accuracy of the measurement result.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art that when the strain amount of a sample is larger than the maximum deformation amount of a strain gauge, the size of the strain gauge cannot continuously change along with the size of the sample at the same time, so that the measured data is smaller than the actual deformation amount of the sample, and when the deformation amount of the sample is larger, the strain gauge adhered to the surface of the sample can block the deformation of the sample, in one aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision large-range non-contact type device for measuring the magnetic strain, which comprises: the device comprises an electromagnet base, an electromagnet fixing support, a first electromagnet, a second electromagnet, a first supporting rod, a second supporting rod, a first knob, a second knob, a measuring fixing table, a sample table, a first three-axis displacement table, a second three-axis displacement table, a first laser displacement sensor, a second laser displacement sensor, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate and a data processing device;
the electromagnet fixing support is obliquely fixed on the electromagnet base and provided with a mounting groove, a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet are respectively mounted on two sides of the mounting groove, a first conical pole head is welded on one side, close to the second electromagnet, of the first electromagnet, a second conical pole head is welded on one side, close to the first electromagnet, of the second electromagnet, a first supporting rod is supported between the first electromagnet and the electromagnet base, a second supporting rod is supported between the second electromagnet and the electromagnet base, a first knob penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support to be connected with the first electromagnet, and a second knob penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support to be connected with the second electromagnet;
the measuring and fixing platform comprises a horizontal plate, a vertical plate, a fixing block, a third connecting plate and a fourth connecting plate, the horizontal plate is positioned between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, the vertical plate is supported between the bottom surface of one side of the horizontal plate and the electromagnet base, the fixing block is installed on the top surface of the other side of the horizontal plate and is connected with one side of the third connecting plate, the other side of the third connecting plate is connected with the fourth connecting plate, the inclination angle of the fourth connecting plate is the same as that of the electromagnet fixing support, and the fourth connecting plate is installed on the electromagnet fixing support;
the sample table is arranged at the center of the measurement fixing table, the first three-axis displacement table and the second three-axis displacement table are arranged on the measurement fixing table, the first three-axis displacement table and the second three-axis displacement table are positioned at two sides of the sample table, and a connecting line of the center of the first three-axis displacement table and the center of the second three-axis displacement table is vertical to a connecting line of the center of the first electromagnet and the center of the second electromagnet;
the first laser displacement sensor is arranged on a Z-direction adjusting block of the first triaxial displacement table through a first connecting plate, and the second laser displacement sensor is arranged on a Z-direction adjusting block of the second triaxial displacement table through a second connecting plate;
the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are respectively connected with the data processing device, and the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are respectively connected with the data processing device.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a magnetic strain by using the high-precision wide-range non-contact magnetic strain measuring apparatus, where the method includes:
step 1: fixedly placing a sample on the sample table, opening the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor, adjusting the first three-axis displacement table to enable laser emitted by the first laser displacement sensor to be positioned on a first surface of the sample, adjusting the second three-axis displacement table to enable laser emitted by the second laser displacement sensor to be positioned on a second surface of the sample, wherein the first surface and the second surface are parallel to each other;
step 2: setting a magnetic field value to be measured through a data processing device, wherein under the action of a magnetic field, a first surface and a second surface of a sample respectively generate displacement changes, a reflection light path of laser on the first surface changes, and a reflection light path of laser on the second surface changes, so that a first laser displacement sensor and a second laser displacement sensor generate voltage signals;
and step 3: the data processing device converts the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into digital signals, and respectively calculates a displacement change value delta L corresponding to the first voltage signal according to the linear corresponding relation between the voltage and the displacement change value1And the displacement change value Delta L corresponding to the second voltage signal2And calculating the strain of the sample according to the following formula:
where ε is the amount of strain in the sample and L is the initial length or width of the sample.
The device for measuring the magneto-dependent strain in a high-precision large-range non-contact manner in the embodiment of the invention calculates the strain amount of a sample by the change of a reflection loop generated on the surface of the sample by the laser emitted by the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor when measuring the strain of a Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy sample, and does not need to be contacted with the sample in the process, thereby realizing the non-contact type measurement of the sample, and a strain gauge does not need to be attached on the surface of the sample, therefore, the sample is not limited by the maximum deformation amount of the strain gauge in the process of strain occurrence, the problem that the strain gauge adhered on the surface of the sample blocks the deformation of the sample is also avoided, the measured data is accurate, and the measurement precision is improved, wherein the maximum ranges of the first laser displacement sensor and the second laser displacement sensor are both 2mm, therefore, the maximum displacement change value of a sample which can be measured is 4mm, so that the range of the strain which can be measured by the device is large, the device is convenient to operate, the manufacturing process is simple, the device can be popularized in a laboratory, the magnetic strain performance of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy can be effectively measured, and the device plays an important role in the research of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy in the fields of high-power underwater sonar, micro-displacement devices, vibration and noise control, linear motors, microwave devices and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for high-precision, wide-range, non-contact measurement of magnetic strain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for high-precision, wide-range noncontact measurement of magnetic strain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for high-precision, wide-range noncontact measurement of magnetic strain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device for high-precision wide-range noncontact measurement of magnetic strain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the data processing apparatus for measuring the magnetic strain according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a strain curve obtained by measuring a certain directionally solidified Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy sample by using the high-precision wide-range non-contact device for measuring the magnetic strain provided by the second embodiment of the invention.
Wherein,
1, an electromagnet base; 2, fixing the electromagnet bracket, and 21 installing the groove; 3 a first electromagnet;
4 second electromagnet, 41 electromagnet coil, 42 magnetic pole, 43 soft magnetic core; 5 a first support bar; 6 a second support bar; 7a first knob; 8 a second knob;
9, a measuring fixed table, 91 horizontal plates, 92 vertical plates and 93 fixed blocks;
10 sample stage;
11 a first three-axis displacement table, a 111Z-direction adjusting block, a 112Y-direction adjusting block, a 113Y-direction adjusting block, a 114X-direction adjusting block, a 115X-direction adjusting block, and 116 a fixed base of the first three-axis displacement table;
12 a second triaxial displacement table, a 121Z-direction adjusting block, a 122Y-direction adjusting block, a 123Y-direction adjusting block, a 124X-direction adjusting block, a 125X-direction adjusting block, and a 126 fixed base;
13 a first laser displacement sensor; 14 a second laser displacement sensor; 15 a first connecting plate; 16 a second connecting plate;
17 sample, first side of 17A sample, second side of 17B sample;
a a first conical pole head; b a second conical pole head.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art that when the strain amount of a sample is larger than the maximum deformation amount of a strain gauge, the dimension of the strain gauge does not continuously change along with the dimension of the sample at the same time, so that the measured data is smaller than the actual deformation amount of the sample, and when the deformation amount of the sample is large, the strain gauge adhered to the surface of the sample can block the deformation of the sample, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision large-range non-contact type device for measuring the magnetic strain, as shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 2 and 3, the device comprises: the device comprises an electromagnet base 1, an electromagnet fixing support 2, a first electromagnet 3, a second electromagnet 4, a first supporting rod 5, a second supporting rod 6, a first knob 7, a second knob 8, a measuring fixing table 9, a sample table 10, a first three-axis displacement table 11, a second three-axis displacement table 12, a first laser displacement sensor 13, a second laser displacement sensor 14, a first connecting plate 15, a second connecting plate 16 and a data processing device;
the electromagnet fixing support 2 is obliquely fixed on the electromagnet base 1, the electromagnet fixing support 2 is provided with a mounting groove 21, a first electromagnet 3 and a second electromagnet 4 are respectively mounted on two sides of the mounting groove 21, a first conical pole head A is welded on one side, close to the second electromagnet 4, of the first electromagnet 3, a second conical pole head B is welded on one side, close to the first electromagnet 3, of the second electromagnet 4, a first supporting rod 5 is supported between the first electromagnet 3 and the electromagnet base 1, a second supporting rod 6 is supported between the second electromagnet 4 and the electromagnet base 1, a first knob 7 penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support 2 to be connected with the first electromagnet 3, and a second knob 8 penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support 2 to be connected with the second electromagnet 4;
in the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the first conical pole head A and the second conical pole head B can be adjusted by rotating the first knob 7 and the second knob 8, the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 can adopt an electromagnet with the model number of EM7 produced by a certain company, as shown in figure 2, the second electromagnet 4 comprises an electromagnet coil 41, a magnetic pole 42 and a soft magnetic core 43, and the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 have the same structure;
the measuring and fixing table 9 comprises a horizontal plate 91, a vertical plate 92, a fixing block 93, a third connecting plate 94 and a fourth connecting plate 95, the horizontal plate 91 is positioned between the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4, the vertical plate 92 is supported between the bottom surface of one side of the horizontal plate 91 and the electromagnet base 1, the fixing block 93 is installed on the top surface of the other side of the horizontal plate 91, the fixing block 93 is connected with one side of the third connecting plate 94, the other side of the third connecting plate 94 is connected with the fourth connecting plate 95, the inclination angle of the fourth connecting plate 95 is the same as that of the electromagnet fixing support 2, and the fourth connecting plate 95 is installed on the electromagnet fixing support 2;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal plate 91, the vertical plate 92, the fixing block 93, the third connecting plate 94 and the fourth connecting plate 95 may be made of a metal plate material, for example, a high strength aluminum alloy, the vertical plate 92 and the electromagnet base 1 may be connected by using a bolt of M6 × 20, that is, a bolt with a thread diameter of 6mm and a thread length of 20mm, the vertical plate 92 and the horizontal plate 91 may be connected by using a bolt of M6 × 20, the fixing block 93 and the horizontal plate 91 may be connected by using a bolt of M10 × 30, the fixing block 93 and the third connecting plate 94 may be connected by using a bolt of M10 × 30, and the third connecting plate 94 and the fourth connecting plate 95 may be connected by using a bolt of M10 × 20;
the sample table 10 is arranged at the center of the measurement fixing table 9, the first three-axis displacement table 11 and the second three-axis displacement table 12 are arranged on the measurement fixing table 9, the first three-axis displacement table 11 and the second three-axis displacement table 12 are positioned at two sides of the sample table 10, and a connecting line of the center of the first three-axis displacement table 11 and the center of the second three-axis displacement table 12 is vertical to a connecting line of the center of the first electromagnet 3 and the center of the second electromagnet 4;
the first laser displacement sensor 13 is installed on a Z-direction adjusting block 111 of the first triaxial displacement table 11 through a first connecting plate 15, and the second laser displacement sensor 14 is installed on a Z-direction adjusting block 121 of the second triaxial displacement table 12 through a second connecting plate 16;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the sample stage 10 may be installed at the center of the horizontal plate 91, and connected by using M4 × 20 bolts;
the first triaxial displacement table 11 and the second triaxial displacement table 12 in the present invention may adopt an xyz triaxial displacement table produced by a company and having a model number of LV-612, as shown in fig. 2, the first triaxial displacement table 11 may be adjusted in a vertical Z direction to further drive the first laser displacement sensor 13 to move up and down, the first triaxial displacement table 11 may also be adjusted in an X direction and a Y direction of a horizontal plane, respectively, to further drive the first laser displacement sensor 13 to move in the horizontal plane, the first triaxial displacement table 11 includes a Z direction adjusting block 111, a Y direction adjusting block 112, a Y direction down adjusting block 113, an X direction up adjusting block 114, an X direction down adjusting block 115, and a fixed base 116; the second triaxial displacement table 12 can be adjusted in the vertical Z direction to further drive the second laser displacement sensor 14 to move up and down, the second triaxial displacement table 12 can also be adjusted in the X direction and the Y direction of the horizontal plane respectively to further drive the second laser displacement sensor 14 to move in the horizontal plane, the second triaxial displacement table 12 comprises a Z direction adjusting block 121, a Y direction adjusting block 122, a Y direction adjusting block 123, an X direction adjusting block 124, an X direction adjusting block 125 and a fixed base 126; the stroke of each axis of the first triaxial displacement table 11 and the second triaxial displacement table 12 is ± 21mm, wherein the fixed base 116 of the first triaxial displacement table 11 and the fixed base 126 of the second triaxial displacement table 12 can be fixed on the horizontal plate 91 by using M4 × 20 bolts;
the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 in the embodiment of the present invention may be laser displacement sensors manufactured by a company and having a model number of MTI LTS-025-02, the digital resolution of the laser displacement sensor is 0.038 micron, the dynamic resolution is 0.12 micron, the measurement range is +/-1 mm, namely, each laser displacement sensor can measure the displacement change value of the sample between-1 mm and +1mm, therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the two laser displacement sensors are used for induction measurement together, so that the maximum measurement range of the measurement is 4mm, the displacement change value which can be measured by each laser displacement sensor is between-1 mm and +1mm, the voltage generated by the laser displacement sensor corresponding to the displacement change value is between-0.9V and +0.9V, and the voltage generated by the laser displacement sensor is in linear relation with the displacement change value.
The first connecting plate 15 and the second connecting plate 16 in the embodiment of the present invention may be made of a metal plate material, for example, a high-strength aluminum alloy plate material, the first connecting plate 15 may be connected to the Z-direction adjusting block 111 of the first triaxial displacement stage 11 and the first laser displacement sensor 13 by using M4 × 10 bolts, respectively, and the second connecting plate 16 may be connected to the Z-direction adjusting block 121 of the second triaxial displacement stage 12 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 by using M4 × 10 bolts, respectively.
In the prior art, one side of the first electromagnet 3 close to the second electromagnet 4 is provided with a pole head, one side of the second electromagnet 4 close to the first electromagnet 3 is also provided with a pole head, the two existing pole heads have larger sizes, and in the process of measuring the magnetic strain, if a larger magnetic field is required to be obtained, the pole heads on the two electromagnets are required to be very close to each other, when the distance between the pole heads is relatively close, because the pole heads have larger sizes, the pole heads can interfere with the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor, therefore, in order to ensure the size of the magnetic field and prevent the pole heads from interfering with the two displacement sensors, the embodiment of the invention welds the first conical pole head A on the pole head of the first electromagnet 3, welds the second conical pole head B on the pole head of the second electromagnet 4, the first conical pole head A and the second conical pole head B are both in the shape of a cone, wherein the bottom surfaces of the cone are respectively welded with the existing pole heads, the diameter of the top surface of the circular truncated cone is set to 20mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is set to 76mm, and the height of the circular truncated cone is set to 38mm, so that the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 can be normally installed, and when a large magnetic field is needed, the distance between the first conical pole head A and the second conical pole head B is small, and the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 cannot be influenced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 are connected to a data processing device, wherein the data processing device may be a computer, as shown in fig. 4, which is a measurement schematic diagram of the high-precision wide-range non-contact type device for measuring a magnetic strain according to the present invention, and the measurement principle is as follows: when the magnetic strain of the sample 17 needs to be measured, the sample 17 with a cuboid structure can be manufactured firstly, the sample 17 is fixed on the sample table 10, and when no magnetic field exists between the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4, the length of the sample is L; when the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 are electrified, a magnetic field is generated between the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4, the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface, under the action of the magnetic field, if the strain state of the sample 17 is the length extension of the sample, the sample 17 after strain generation is shown by a broken line in the figure, namely the sample 17The displacement of both the first surface 17A and the second surface 17B of the product 17 is generated, and therefore, the reflected light path of the laser beam incident on the first surface 17A is changed at this time, the first laser displacement sensor 13 generates a first voltage signal based on the reflected laser beam and transmits the first voltage signal to the data processing device through the data line, and the reflected light path of the laser beam incident on the second surface 17B is also changed, the second laser displacement sensor 14 generates a second voltage signal based on the reflected laser beam and transmits the second voltage signal to the data processing device through the data line, the data processing device converts the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into digital signals, and based on the linear relationship between the voltage and the displacement change value (the linear relationship between the voltage generated by the laser displacement sensor and the displacement change value is known and is given by the manufacturer when purchasing the laser displacement sensor), calculating the corresponding delta L of the first voltage signal1And Δ L corresponding to the second voltage signal2，ΔL1I.e. the value of the change in displacement, Δ L, of the first face of the sample2The displacement change value of the second surface of the sample is obtained, and the strain of the sample is calculated according to the formula (1):
where ε is the amount of strain in the sample and L is the initial length or width of the sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is further connected with the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 respectively, the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 are both connected with the power supply, the magnitude of the current input to the two electromagnets is controlled through the data processing device so as to control the magnetic field strength, the magnetic field value to be measured can be set through the data processing device, the data processing device inputs the current to the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 respectively according to the set magnetic field value, so that the magnetic fields generated by the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 reach the required value, and the strain of the sample 17 is measured under the magnetic field value.
The device for measuring the magneto-dependent strain in a high-precision large-range non-contact manner in the embodiment of the invention calculates the strain amount of a sample by the change of a reflection loop generated on the surface of the sample by the laser emitted by the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 when measuring the strain of a Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy sample, and the sample is not required to be contacted with the sample in the process, so that the non-contact measurement of the sample is realized, and a strain gauge is not required to be attached to the surface of the sample, therefore, the sample is not limited by the maximum deformation amount of the strain gauge in the process of strain occurrence, the problem that the strain gauge adhered to the surface of the sample blocks the deformation of the sample is also avoided, the measured data is accurate, and the measurement precision is improved, wherein the maximum ranges of the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 are both 2mm, therefore, the maximum displacement change value of a sample which can be measured is 4mm, so that the range of the strain which can be measured by the device is large, the device is convenient to operate, the manufacturing process is simple, the device can be popularized in a laboratory, the magnetic strain performance of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy can be effectively measured, and the device plays an important role in the research of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy in the fields of high-power underwater sonar, micro-displacement devices, vibration and noise control, linear motors, microwave devices and the like.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for measuring the magnetic strain by using the high-precision wide-range non-contact magnetic strain measuring device in the first embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: fixedly placing a sample on a sample table 10, opening a first laser displacement sensor 13 and a second laser displacement sensor 14, adjusting a first three-axis displacement table 11 to enable laser emitted by the first laser displacement sensor 13 to be positioned on a first surface (17A) of the sample, adjusting a second three-axis displacement table 12 to enable laser emitted by the second laser displacement sensor 14 to be positioned on a second surface (17B) of the sample, wherein the first surface (17A) and the second surface (17B) are parallel to each other;
step 2: setting a magnetic field value to be measured through a data processing device, wherein under the action of a magnetic field, a first surface 17A and a second surface 17B of a sample 17 respectively generate displacement changes, a reflection light path of laser on the first surface 17A changes, and a reflection light path of laser on the second surface 17B changes, so that a first laser displacement sensor 13 and a second laser displacement sensor 14 generate voltage signals, and when the magnitude of the magnetic field reaches a set value, the data processing device reads a first voltage signal generated by the first laser displacement sensor 13 and reads a second voltage signal generated by the second laser displacement sensor 14;
and step 3: the data processing device converts the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into digital signals, and respectively calculates a displacement change value delta L corresponding to the first voltage signal according to the linear corresponding relation between the voltage and the displacement change value1And the displacement change value Delta L corresponding to the second voltage signal2And the strain amount epsilon of the sample 17 is calculated according to the formula (1).
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, which is a flowchart of the data processing device in the present invention for measuring the magnetic strain, the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 may be turned on by the data processing device, and the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 may be connected to the data processing device through an RS232 serial port. The magnetic fields generated by the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 can be controlled by the data processing device, the first electromagnet 3 and the second electromagnet 4 can be connected with the data processing device through the RS232 serial port, the magnetic field value to be measured is set through the data processing device, in the embodiment of the invention, the magnetic field value to be measured can be obtained by setting the maximum magnetic field value E and the number S of sampling points, wherein E is the maximum magnetic field value E>0 and S is an integer greater than 0, wherein the values of the magnetic field to be measured are respectively E/S, 2E/S, 3E/S and 4E/S … … SE/S, and in the process of gradually increasing the intensity of the magnetic field from zero to E, each time the magnetic field reaches the value to be measured, the data processing device reads the data generated by the first laser displacement sensor 13The generated first voltage signal and the second voltage signal generated by the second laser displacement sensor 14 are read, and the displacement change value delta L corresponding to the first voltage signal is obtained according to the linear relation between the voltage signal and the displacement change value1And the displacement change value Delta L corresponding to the second voltage signal2Thus, the amount of strain of the sample 17 at each value of the magnetic field to be measured can be obtained according to equation (1);
for example, setting the maximum magnetic field to 10000 oersted, and the sampling point to be 100 points, in the process that the magnetic field is gradually increased from 0 to 10000 oersted, reading the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal when the magnetic field strength reaches 100 oersted, and calculating the dependent variable of the sample 17 when the magnetic field strength is 100 oersted according to the linear relation of the voltage and the displacement change value and the formula (1); reading the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal when the magnetic field strength reaches 200 oersted, and calculating the strain quantity of the sample 17 when the magnetic field strength is 200 oersted according to the linear relation between the voltage and the displacement change value and the formula (1); by analogy, when the magnetic field strength reaches 10000 oersteds, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are read, the dependent variable of the sample 17 when the magnetic field strength is 10000 oersteds is calculated according to the linear relation between the voltage and the displacement change value and the formula (1), at the moment, the test is finished, the data processing device derives data, and the data obtained by the test is represented in a mode of a strain curve. Namely, the magnetic field strength is taken as an x axis, and the strain amount corresponding to each magnetic field strength is taken as a y axis, so that a magnetic strain curve can be drawn.
FIG. 6 shows a strain curve obtained by measuring a directionally solidified Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy sample by using the high-precision wide-range non-contact measurement magnetostriction device of the invention, wherein the curve C1And curve C2Representing the strain of the sample during application and removal of the magnetic field, respectively, as curve C1It is shown that it is difficult to drive the sample's martensitic variants to reorient when the actual magnetic field strength is small, and therefore the sample has a small strain value, and that it increases significantly when the magnetic field strength exceeds 2500 oersted, at which point the strain value of the sample increases significantlyIn the embodiment of the invention, the strain value is a negative value, which represents that the size of the sample is elongated under the action of the magnetic field, and when the magnetic field strength reaches 10000 oersted, the strain value of the sample is saturated, namely the magnetic strain of the alloy can reach 5000ppm, namely the maximum strain of the alloy can reach 0.5 percent; such as curve C2It is shown that the strain value of the sample is slightly increased and then gradually decreased during the gradual decrease of the magnetic field strength from 10000 oersted because the martensite modification is already reoriented during the gradual increase of the magnetic field strength, and the reoriented martensite modification cannot be restored to the original state during the decrease of the magnetic field strength, and therefore, the strain value of the sample cannot be restored to zero, that is, the size of the sample cannot be restored to the size when no magnetic field is initially applied.
The device for measuring the magnetic strain in a high-precision wide-range non-contact manner in the embodiment of the invention is mainly used for measuring the magnetic strain of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy, and in addition, for the material with the displacement variation larger than 0.12 micrometer, the device for measuring the magnetic strain in the high-precision wide-range non-contact manner can be used for measuring the strain under the action of a magnetic field.
The device for measuring the magneto-dependent strain in a high-precision large-range non-contact manner in the embodiment of the invention calculates the strain amount of a sample 17 through the change of a reflection loop generated on the surface of the sample 17 by laser emitted by a first laser displacement sensor 13 and a second laser displacement sensor 14 when measuring the strain of a Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy sample 17, and realizes the non-contact measurement of the sample 17 without contacting the sample 17 in the process, so that a strain gauge does not need to be attached to the surface of the sample 17, therefore, the sample 17 is not limited by the maximum deformation amount of the strain gauge in the process of strain occurrence, the problem that the strain gauge attached to the surface of the sample 17 blocks the deformation of the sample 17 is also avoided, the measured data is accurate, the measurement precision is improved, wherein the maximum ranges of the first laser displacement sensor 13 and the second laser displacement sensor 14 are both 2mm, therefore, the maximum displacement change value of the sample 17 which can be measured is 4mm, so that the range of the strain which can be measured by the device is large, the device is convenient to operate, the manufacturing process is simple, the device can be popularized in a laboratory, the magnetic strain performance of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy can be effectively measured, and the device plays an important role in the research of the Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy in the fields of high-power underwater sonar, micro-displacement devices, vibration and noise control, linear motors, microwave devices and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A high-precision, wide-range, non-contact apparatus for measuring magnetic strain, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises an electromagnet base (1), an electromagnet fixing support (2), a first electromagnet (3), a second electromagnet (4), a first supporting rod (5), a second supporting rod (6), a first knob (7), a second knob (8), a measuring fixing table (9), a sample table (10), a first three-axis displacement table (11), a second three-axis displacement table (12), a first laser displacement sensor (13), a second laser displacement sensor (14), a first connecting plate (15), a second connecting plate (16) and a data processing device;
the electromagnet fixing support (2) is obliquely fixed on the electromagnet base (1), the electromagnet fixing support (2) is provided with a mounting groove (21), the first electromagnet (3) and the second electromagnet (4) are respectively mounted on two sides of the mounting groove (21), the first electromagnet (3) and the second electromagnet (4) are identical in structure, the second electromagnet (4) comprises an electromagnet coil (41), a magnetic pole (42) and a soft magnetic core (43), the electromagnet coil (41) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the soft magnetic core (43), the magnetic pole (42) is arranged on the soft magnetic core (43), a first conical pole head (A) is welded on one side, close to the second electromagnet (4), of the first electromagnet (3), a second conical pole head (B) is welded on one side, close to the first electromagnet (3), of the second electromagnet (4), and the first supporting rod (5) is supported between the first electromagnet (3) and the electromagnet base (1), the second support rod (6) is supported between the second electromagnet (4) and the electromagnet base (1), the first knob (7) penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support (2) to be connected with the first electromagnet (3), and the second knob (8) penetrates through the electromagnet fixing support (2) to be connected with the second electromagnet (4);
the measuring and fixing table (9) comprises a horizontal plate (91), a vertical plate (92), a fixing block (93), a third connecting plate (94) and a fourth connecting plate (95), the horizontal plate (91) is located between the first electromagnet (3) and the second electromagnet (4), the vertical plate (92) is supported between the bottom surface of one side of the horizontal plate (91) and the electromagnet base (1), the fixing block (93) is installed on the top surface of the other side of the horizontal plate (91), the fixing block (93) is connected with one side of the third connecting plate (94), the other side of the third connecting plate (94) is connected with the fourth connecting plate (95), the inclination angle of the fourth connecting plate (95) is the same as that of the electromagnet fixing support (2), and the fourth connecting plate (95) is installed on the electromagnet fixing support (2);
the sample table (10) is arranged at the center of the measuring fixed table (9), the first three-axis displacement table (11) and the second three-axis displacement table (12) are arranged on the measuring fixed table (9), the first three-axis displacement table (11) and the second three-axis displacement table (12) are positioned on two sides of the sample table (10), and the connecting line of the center of the first three-axis displacement table (11) and the center of the second three-axis displacement table (12) is vertical to the connecting line of the center of the first electromagnet (3) and the center of the second electromagnet (4);
a first laser displacement sensor (13) is arranged on a Z-direction adjusting block (111) of a first triaxial displacement table (11) through a first connecting plate (15), and a second laser displacement sensor (14) is arranged on a Z-direction adjusting block (121) of a second triaxial displacement table (12) through a second connecting plate (16);
the first laser displacement sensor (13) and the second laser displacement sensor (14) are respectively connected with the data processing device, and the first electromagnet (3) and the second electromagnet (4) are respectively connected with the data processing device.
2. A method for measuring the magnetic strain by using the high-precision wide-range non-contact magnetic strain measuring device of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
step 1: fixedly placing a sample (17) on the sample table (10), opening the first laser displacement sensor (13) and the second laser displacement sensor (14), adjusting the first three-axis displacement table (11), enabling laser emitted by the first laser displacement sensor (13) to be located on a first surface (17A) of the sample (17), adjusting the second three-axis displacement table (12), enabling laser emitted by the second laser displacement sensor (14) to be located on a second surface (17B) of the sample (17), and enabling the first surface (17A) and the second surface (17B) to be parallel to each other;
step 2: setting a magnetic field value to be measured through a data processing device, wherein under the action of a magnetic field, a first surface (17A) and a second surface (17B) of a sample (17) respectively generate displacement changes, the reflection light path of laser on the first surface (17A) changes, the reflection light path of laser on the second surface (17B) changes, so that a first laser displacement sensor (13) and a second laser displacement sensor (14) generate voltage signals, and when the magnitude of the magnetic field reaches a set value, the data processing device reads a first voltage signal generated by the first laser displacement sensor (13) and reads a second voltage signal generated by the second laser displacement sensor (14);
and step 3: the data processing device converts the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into digital signals, and respectively calculates a displacement change value delta L corresponding to the first voltage signal according to the linear corresponding relation between the voltage and the displacement change value1And the displacement change value Delta L corresponding to the second voltage signal2And calculating the strain amount of the sample (17) according to the following formula:
wherein ε is the strain amount of the sample (17), and L is the initial length or width of the sample (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895945.3A CN106646293B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895945.3A CN106646293B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106646293A CN106646293A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106646293B true CN106646293B (en) | 2019-02-26 |
Family
ID=58856494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610895945.3A Active CN106646293B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106646293B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108801154A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-13 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Using the measuring apparatus and method of the magnetostriction material in large of Double passage laser displacement method |
| CN109100067A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-28 | 温州大学 | A kind of cold-heading force measuring method |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102072704A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-05-25 | 清华大学 | Non-contact laser displacement measurement system used for cement-based materials |
| CN102707248A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Device for measuring magnetostriction in dual-channel capacitance method and method thereof |
| CN203551760U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-16 | 河北工业大学 | Magnetic characteristic testing instrument for magnetostrictive material |
| CN203811789U (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-09-03 | 上海复旦天欣科教仪器有限公司 | Magnetostriction coefficient measurement device |
| CN104062610A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-24 | 温州大学 | Device and methods for detecting magnetic property of magnetostriction material |
| CN104406518A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Large size laser neodymium glass cladding size and angle non-contact detection device and method |
| WO2015138505A1 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-17 | Qortek, Inc. | Non-contact magnetostrictive current sensor |
-
2016
- 2016-10-14 CN CN201610895945.3A patent/CN106646293B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102072704A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-05-25 | 清华大学 | Non-contact laser displacement measurement system used for cement-based materials |
| CN102707248A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | Device for measuring magnetostriction in dual-channel capacitance method and method thereof |
| CN203551760U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-16 | 河北工业大学 | Magnetic characteristic testing instrument for magnetostrictive material |
| WO2015138505A1 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-17 | Qortek, Inc. | Non-contact magnetostrictive current sensor |
| CN203811789U (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-09-03 | 上海复旦天欣科教仪器有限公司 | Magnetostriction coefficient measurement device |
| CN104062610A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-24 | 温州大学 | Device and methods for detecting magnetic property of magnetostriction material |
| CN104406518A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Large size laser neodymium glass cladding size and angle non-contact detection device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106646293A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Fan et al. | A scanning contact probe for a micro-coordinate measuring machine (CMM) | |
| EP1909060B1 (en) | Micro surface shape measuring probe | |
| CN104760039B (en) | Parallel connection platform vibration detection based on laser displacement sensor controls apparatus and method | |
| JPS60225001A (en) | Regulator for probe force of probe contour measuring device | |
| CN106646293B (en) | A kind of device and method of high precision and large measuring range non-contact measurement magneto-strain | |
| CN113028965A (en) | Giant magnetoresistance detection device of magnetostrictive displacement sensor | |
| CN202255291U (en) | Intelligent detection system for magnetostrictive effect | |
| CN101833074B (en) | Device and method thereof for measuring magnetization vector direction deflection angle of permanent magnet | |
| JPS63250548A (en) | Method and instrument for measuring loss coefficient, dynamic modulus of elasticity, dynamic modulus of elasticity in shear and dynamic poisson's ratio of bar material of sheet material | |
| CN110441401B (en) | Method and device for testing damping coefficient of additive manufacturing material structure | |
| CN105004267A (en) | Resonant nano three-dimensional contact measuring head based on optical fiber Bragg grating | |
| Guo et al. | Probe system design for three dimensional micro/nano scratching machine | |
| CN107121649B (en) | Method for measuring magnetic moment of magnetic molecular cluster by using magnetometer | |
| CN105828267A (en) | Device and method for measuring BL value of loudspeaker based on ultrasonic wave interference | |
| CN1300547C (en) | New pattern displacement gauge | |
| CN107356522B (en) | Method for measuring internal consumption by tension-compression cyclic stress method | |
| JP2006010503A (en) | Mechanical characteristic measuring instrument and mechanical characteristic measuring method for piezoelectric element | |
| CN113155609B (en) | Elastic modulus test and automatic modeling device for giant magnetostrictive material | |
| JP2000002636A (en) | Material testing machine | |
| JPH0798221A (en) | Method for calibrating flatness measurement device | |
| Liu et al. | Study on an actuator with giant magnetostrictive materials for driving galvanometer in selective laser sintering precisely | |
| CN113514352A (en) | Micro-nano material and structural force thermal coupling high cycle fatigue test method and test device | |
| JP4102722B2 (en) | Micro displacement control apparatus and apparatus and method using the same | |
| CN105953908A (en) | Low-frequency micro-nano vibration tester based on DVD optical reading head and cantilever structure | |
| CN107342706B (en) | Piezoelectric driver response hysteresis characteristic identification device and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |