CN112415448B - Magnetostriction tiny deformation measuring experimental device - Google Patents
Magnetostriction tiny deformation measuring experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112415448B CN112415448B CN202011321155.7A CN202011321155A CN112415448B CN 112415448 B CN112415448 B CN 112415448B CN 202011321155 A CN202011321155 A CN 202011321155A CN 112415448 B CN112415448 B CN 112415448B
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- solenoid
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- mechanical lever
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/18—Measuring magnetostrictive properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetostriction micro deformation amount measurement experimental device which comprises: including bottom plate, the solenoid, first slide rail, the second slide rail, regulated power supply, the spirit level, the telescope, the fixed column, the supporting seat, mechanical lever and spacing post, the solenoid sets up on the bottom plate, the fixed column sets up the one side of solenoid on the bottom plate, the supporting seat sets up the opposite side of solenoid on the bottom plate, the supporting seat upper end is equipped with the fixed plate, be equipped with the axis of rotation on the fixed plate, the other end and the supporting seat of axis of rotation are connected, the one end and the axis of rotation of mechanical lever are rotated and are connected, the one end that mechanical lever is close to the axis of rotation is equipped with the fixed orifices, the fixed orifices passes the solenoid and runs through the fixed column, the center pin of fixed orifices and the center pin collineation of solenoid, spacing post sets up on the bottom plate, spacing post and solenoid are located mechanical lever with one side, mechanical lever is close to the side of spacing post is equipped with the spring, spring and spacing post cooperation, the one end that the axis of rotation was kept away from to mechanical lever is equipped with first optical reflector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetostriction variable measurement equipment, in particular to a magnetostriction micro-deformation measuring experimental device.
Background
Magnetostriction is the phenomenon that a ferromagnetic substance (magnetic material) changes in size with the increase of magnetization due to the change of magnetization state, the ferromagnetic substance lengthens (or shortens) in size under the action of an external magnetic field, and the ferromagnetic substance returns to the original length after the action of the external magnetic field is removed, and the phenomenon is called magnetostriction phenomenon (or effect); at present, the research on the magnetostriction micro-deformation quantity of a ferromagnetic substance mainly aims at the micro-deformation quantity measurement of a block material and a sheet material, and the experimental device adopts a measuring wire to fill the blank of the measurement of the magnetostriction micro-deformation quantity of a linear member, so as to design a magnetostriction micro-deformation quantity measurement experimental device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a magnetostriction micro-deformation measuring experimental device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the magnetostriction micro deformation measuring experimental device comprises: the device comprises a bottom plate, a solenoid, a first sliding rail, a second sliding rail, a stabilized voltage supply, a level meter, a telescope, a fixed column, a supporting seat, a mechanical lever and a limit column, wherein the solenoid is arranged on the bottom plate;
The upper end of the fixing column is provided with a first screw hole, the first screw hole extends to the lower end point of the fixing hole, a first bolt is arranged in the first screw hole, and the first bolt is matched with the fixing hole on the fixing column;
the mechanical lever is characterized in that a second screw hole is arranged right above the fixing hole on the mechanical lever, the second screw hole extends to the lower end point of the fixing hole, a second bolt is arranged in the second screw hole, and the second bolt is matched with the fixing hole on the mechanical lever.
As an improvement, one end of the spring is provided with a disc, and the disc is matched with the limit column.
As an improvement, the base plate is provided with a power switch, and the power switch, the solenoid and the stabilized voltage supply are connected by wires.
As an improvement, the solenoid is positioned on the middle part of the bottom plate near the rear end.
As a modification, the first optical mirror and the spring are located on the same side of the mechanical lever.
As an improvement, the first slide rail and the second slide rail are symmetrically arranged.
As an improvement, the distance from the midpoint of the first optical reflector to the rotation axis is 12 times the distance from the central axis of the fixing hole to the rotation axis.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the experimental device adopts the measuring metal wire, fills the blank of measuring the magnetostriction micro deformation quantity of the linear member, provides a high-performance and feasible strong experimental measurement device for physical experiment teaching of colleges and universities, provides a reliable measuring experimental device for researching the micro deformation quantity measurement of solid substances, improves an optical lever amplifying method, adopts secondary reflection, increases the amplifying factor, reduces the measuring error, reduces the volume of the experimental device, enables the first sliding block to be detached from the first sliding rail, enables the second sliding block to be detached from the second sliding rail, is convenient to carry, ensures that the rotating shaft and the scale of the optical lever are at the same end, ensures that the amplifying factor is certain, ensures that the instrument is convenient to use and does not need to calibrate before each measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an experimental apparatus for measuring the amount of magnetostrictive micro-deformation according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a left side view of an experimental apparatus for measuring the amount of magnetostriction micro-deformation according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an experimental apparatus for measuring the amount of magnetostriction micro-deformation according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of a magnetostrictive micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view at D in fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at E in fig. 5.
Fig. 10 is a plot of scatter plots of experimental data with origin according to experimental results and a linear fit.
As shown in the figure: 1. the device comprises a bottom plate, 2, a solenoid, 3, a first sliding rail, 4, a second sliding rail, 5, a stabilized voltage supply, 6, a level meter, 7, a telescope, 8, a fixed column, 9, a supporting seat, 10, a mechanical lever, 11, a limit column, 12, a fixed plate, 13, a rotating shaft, 14, a fixed hole, 15, a spring, 16, a first optical reflector, 17, a first sliding block, 18, a scale, 19, a second sliding block, 20, a second optical reflector, 21, a first screw hole, 22, a first bolt, 23, a second screw hole, 24, a second bolt, 25, a disc, 26 and a power switch.
Detailed Description
The invention further provides a magnetostriction micro deformation measurement experimental device with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-10, a magnetostriction micro deformation measuring experimental device comprises a bottom plate 1, a solenoid 2, a first sliding rail 3, a second sliding rail 4, a stabilized voltage supply 5, a level meter 6, a telescope 7, a fixed column 8, a supporting seat 9, a mechanical lever 10 and a limit column 11, wherein the solenoid 2 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, the fixed column 8 is arranged on one side of the solenoid 2 on the bottom plate 1, the supporting seat 9 is arranged on the other side of the solenoid 2 on the bottom plate 1, a fixed plate 12 is arranged at the upper end of the supporting seat 9, a rotating shaft 13 is arranged on the fixed plate 12, the other end of the rotating shaft 13 is connected with the supporting seat 9, one end of the mechanical lever 10 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 13, one end of the mechanical lever 10, which is close to the rotating shaft 13, is provided with a fixed hole 14, the fixed hole 14 penetrates through the solenoid 2 and penetrates through the fixed column 8, the central axis of the fixed hole 14 and the central axis of the solenoid 2 are collinear, the limit post 11 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, the limit post 11 and the solenoid 2 are positioned on the same side of the mechanical lever 10, a spring 15 is arranged at the side end, close to the limit post 11, of the mechanical lever 10, the spring 15 is matched with the limit post 11, a first optical reflector 16 is arranged at one end, far away from the rotating shaft 13, of the mechanical lever 10, the first sliding rail 3 is arranged at the side end of the bottom plate 1, a first sliding block 17 is arranged on the first sliding rail 3, a scale 18 is arranged on the first sliding block 17, a second sliding rail 4 is arranged at the other side end of the bottom plate 1, a second sliding block 19 is arranged on the second sliding rail 4, a second optical reflector 20 is arranged on the second sliding block 19, a level meter 6 is arranged at the rear end of the solenoid 2 on the bottom plate 1, the voltage stabilizing power supply 5 is positioned at one side of the bottom plate 1 and is connected with the solenoid 2 through a wire, the telescope 7 is positioned at one side of the bottom plate 1 provided with the second sliding rail 4;
The upper end of the fixed column 8 is provided with a first screw hole 21, the first screw hole 21 extends to the lower end point of the fixed hole 14, a first bolt 22 is arranged in the first screw hole 21, and the first bolt 22 is matched with the fixed hole 14 on the fixed column 8;
a second screw hole 23 is arranged right above the fixing hole 14 on the mechanical lever 10, the second screw hole 23 extends to the lower end point of the fixing hole 14, a second bolt 24 is arranged in the second screw hole 23, and the second bolt 24 is matched with the fixing hole 14 on the mechanical lever 10.
One end of the spring 15 is provided with a disc 25, and the disc 25 is matched with the limit post 11.
The base plate 1 is provided with a power switch 26, and the power switch 26, the solenoid 2 and the regulated power supply 5 are connected by wires.
The solenoid 2 is positioned at the upper middle part of the bottom plate 1 near the rear end.
The first optical mirror 16 and the spring 15 are located on the same side of the mechanical lever.
The first sliding rail 3 and the second sliding rail 4 are symmetrically arranged.
The distance from the midpoint of the first optical mirror 16 to the rotation axis 13 is 12 times the distance from the center axis of the fixing hole 14 to the rotation axis 13.
In the practical implementation of the invention, when in use, one end of a metal wire is firstly penetrated into a fixing hole 14 on a fixing column 8, then a first bolt 22 is screwed to fix the metal wire, then the other end of the metal wire passes through a solenoid 2 to be fixed on a fixing hole 14 on a mechanical lever 10, at the moment, the mechanical lever 10 is vertical to the metal wire, a spring 15 is in a compressed state, a disc 25 on the spring 15 is matched with a limit column 11, whether an experimental device is in a horizontal position or not is determined by observing a level meter 6, the experimental device is ensured to be in the horizontal position, then the telescope 7 is adjusted, the telescope 7 is leveled and aimed at a scale 18, the height of the telescope 7 is adjusted, a cross mark in the visual field is aligned with the center of the scale 18, then a second reflection coaxial adjustment is carried out, a first optical reflecting mirror 16 is directly observed, coarse adjustment of the second optical mirror 20 allows the middle of the image of the scale 18 in the first optical mirror 16 to approach the middle of the scale 18, fine adjustment of the telescope 7 allows the cross mark in the field to be aligned with the image of the scale 18 in the first optical mirror 16 (the pitch angle and the height of the telescope 7 cannot be adjusted at this time), then turning on the power switch 26, energizing the solenoid 2 to generate a magnetic field, micro deformation of the wire will occur, the spring 15 will extend to drive the mechanical lever 10 to rotate a certain angle, the reading of the scale 18 in the telescope 7 will change, the current introduced by the solenoid 2 is adjusted, the current introduced by the solenoid 2 is increased, the reading of the scale 18 in the telescope 7 is recorded (after the reading is started, the experimental device cannot be adjusted except adjusting the current).
Taking nickel wire as an example, the distance from the middle point of the first optical reflector 16 to the rotating shaft 13 is known as a multiple k=12 of the distance from the central axis of the fixed hole 14 to the rotating shaft 13, the distance from the scale 18 to the second optical reflector 20 is known as a, the distance from the second optical reflector 20 to the mechanical lever 10 is known as B, the length of the mechanical lever 10 is known as L, after the power switch 26 is turned on, the nickel wire is magnetostrictive and deformed into x, the spring 15 pushes the mechanical lever 10 to enable the tail end of the mechanical lever 10 to move kx, the optical lever rotates by a small angle around the rotating shaft, so as to drive the optical lever to rotate by a corresponding small angle θ, the reflected light angle on the second optical reflector 20 rotates by 2θ, and the optical lever amplifies the small displacement deformation into a large linear displacement D on the scale 18.
From (1) and (2):
Wherein the magnification is as follows:
14 experiments are carried out under the same condition, and the magnetostriction amounts under different input currents are measured; the current was graded at 0.3A and the scale readings were recorded after each current stabilization, ten sets of data were obtained for each experiment and the experimental data were summarized in table 1.
Table 1 scale reading record unit: mm (mm)
Wherein the following are measured: a=53.74 cm, b=46.20 cm, l=14.75 cm.
1 Orphan data analysis
Taking experimental data of the 7 th experimental current of 1.5A, according to D i＝Xi-X0, obtaining:
D1.5＝X1.5-X0＝1.0mm
error analysis:
(1) The generation of magnetostriction requires very strict control of the environmental variables, and the solenoid 2 requires a long time to cool after one experiment, so that the environmental variables of each experiment cannot be ensured to be the same.
(2) The distances between the mechanical lever and the reflecting mirror are measured by using a ruler, and certain systematic errors are necessarily caused in the amplification proportion, but if the product is put into practical production application, a more precise measuring instrument can be certainly produced unlike the current manual processing method.
2 Continuous data analysis
Under the condition of better control of one-time experimental environment variables, continuous experimental data analysis is carried out by taking the 7 th experimental micromanipulation variable (shown in table 2) as an example, and the actual elongation is calculated according to a known optical lever amplification formula.
TABLE 2 micro deformation at 7 th experiment
After calculation, checking the data by using a Grabbs method, carrying out scattered point drawing and linear fitting on the data by using origin after eliminating abnormal results, wherein a linear fitting diagram is shown in FIG. 10; because of the limitation of laboratory conditions, the magneto-elongation measured in the experiment does not reach a saturation value, but other researches show that the magnetostriction change curve of the ferromagnetic material under low magnetic induction intensity is approximately linear, which accords with the origin fitting result, and the accuracy of the magneto-elongation is laterally demonstrated; also, a high degree of linear correlation was found when each set of data was processed separately, and it can be explained that the experiment had a certain reproducibility and the measurement result was the amount of magnetostriction.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a magnetostriction micro-deformation volume measurement experimental apparatus which characterized in that: including bottom plate (1), solenoid (2), first slide rail (3), second slide rail (4), regulated power supply (5), spirit level (6), telescope (7), fixed column (8), supporting seat (9), mechanical lever (10) and spacing post (11), solenoid (2) set up on bottom plate (1), fixed column (8) set up on one side of solenoid (2) on bottom plate (1), supporting seat (9) set up on the opposite side of solenoid (2) on bottom plate (1), supporting seat (9) upper end is equipped with fixed plate (12), be equipped with axis of rotation (13) on fixed plate (12), the other end and the supporting seat (9) of axis of rotation (13) are connected, the one end and the axis of rotation (13) rotation of mechanical lever (10) are connected, the one end that mechanical lever (10) is close to axis of rotation (13) is equipped with fixed orifices (14), fixed orifices (14) pass solenoid (2) and run through fixed column (8), the center pin and the center pin of solenoid (2) on bottom plate (1), the setting up on same side of limit lever (11) and solenoid (11), the mechanical lever (10) is provided with a spring (15) close to the side end of the limit post (11), the spring (15) is matched with the limit post (11), one end of the mechanical lever (10) away from the rotating shaft (13) is provided with a first optical reflector (16), the first sliding rail (3) is arranged at the side end of the bottom plate (1), the first sliding rail (3) is provided with a first sliding block (17), the first sliding block (17) is provided with a scale (18), the second sliding rail (4) is arranged at the other side end of the bottom plate (1), the second sliding rail (4) is provided with a second sliding block (19), the second sliding block (19) is provided with a second optical reflector (20), the level gauge (6) is arranged at the rear end of the solenoid (2) on the bottom plate (1), the voltage stabilizing power supply (5) is arranged at one side of the bottom plate (1) and is connected with the solenoid (2) through a wire, and the telescope (7) is arranged at one side of the bottom plate (1) where the second sliding rail (4) is arranged;
The upper end of the fixing column (8) is provided with a first screw hole (21), the first screw hole (21) extends to the lower end point of the fixing hole (14), a first bolt (22) is arranged in the first screw hole (21), and the first bolt (22) is matched with the fixing hole (14) on the fixing column (8);
the mechanical lever is characterized in that a second screw hole (23) is formed right above the fixing hole (14) in the mechanical lever (10), the second screw hole (23) extends to the lower end point of the fixing hole (14), a second bolt (24) is arranged in the second screw hole (23), and the second bolt (24) is matched with the fixing hole (14) in the mechanical lever (10).
2. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the spring (15) is provided with a disc (25), and the disc (25) is matched with the limit column (11).
3. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the base plate (1) is provided with a power switch (26), and the power switch (26), the solenoid (2) and the stabilized voltage supply (5) are connected in pairs through wires.
4. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the solenoid (2) is positioned on the upper middle part of the bottom plate (1) near the rear end.
5. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the first optical reflector (16) and the spring (15) are positioned on the same side of the mechanical lever (10).
6. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the first sliding rail (3) and the second sliding rail (4) are symmetrically arranged.
7. The magnetostriction micro-deformation measurement experiment device according to claim 1, wherein: the distance from the midpoint of the first optical reflector (16) to the rotating shaft (13) is 12 times the distance from the central axis of the fixing hole (14) to the rotating shaft (13).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011321155.7A CN112415448B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Magnetostriction tiny deformation measuring experimental device |
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| CN202011321155.7A CN112415448B (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Magnetostriction tiny deformation measuring experimental device |
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| CN112415448B true CN112415448B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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| CN114114107B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-15 | 山东理工大学 | Magnetostrictive micro deformation measurement experimental device |
| CN114859139B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-09 | 成都航空职业技术学院 | Outdoor transmission line electromagnetic field measuring device |
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| CN213813921U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国农业大学 | Magnetostrictive micro deformation measurement experimental device |
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| CN201382897Y (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-01-13 | 北京化工大学 | Device for improving measurement of Michelson interferometer on magnetostriction constant |
| CN102214404A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-12 | 四川大学 | Magnetostrictive measuring instrument |
| CN202216670U (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-09 | 北京物资学院 | Device for measuring magnetostrictive length of metal wire |
| CN204166115U (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-18 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | For detecting the Michelson interferometer of magnetostriction materials retractility |
| CN208873365U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-05-17 | 天津商业大学 | Magnetostriction dynamic demonstrator based on Michelson Interferometer method |
| RU194787U1 (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Петрозаводский государственный университет" | LABORATORY STAND FOR MEASURING THE DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETOSTRICTION OF A RIGID OBJECT ON THE VALUE OF AN EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD |
| CN210741391U (en) * | 2019-11-17 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州大华仪器制造有限公司 | Micro-length tester |
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| CN213813921U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国农业大学 | Magnetostrictive micro deformation measurement experimental device |
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