CN106646221A - Rapid determination method of ultrasonic-motor wear failure service life - Google Patents

Rapid determination method of ultrasonic-motor wear failure service life Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106646221A
CN106646221A CN201610425804.5A CN201610425804A CN106646221A CN 106646221 A CN106646221 A CN 106646221A CN 201610425804 A CN201610425804 A CN 201610425804A CN 106646221 A CN106646221 A CN 106646221A
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wear
electric machine
rotor
ultrasound electric
stress
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CN106646221B (en
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黄首清
刘守文
马龙
郑会明
胡芳
李树鹏
马腾飞
张稚杰
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Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid determination method of a ultrasonic-motor wear failure service life. The method is characterized by carrying out an acceleration service life test of a ultrasonic motor under an acceleration stress and monitoring a friction material wear extent, a rotor rotating speed, a stator temperature, a friction torque, failure time and other parameters in an entire service life period of a wear process; while the acceleration service life test is performed, carrying out a service life test of the ultrasonic motor under a normal stress and monitoring the friction material wear extent and other parameters of the wear process, wherein all the motors are failed under the acceleration stress and then the service life test of the ultrasonic motor under the normal stress is stopped; based on a stator traveling wave speed analysis expression, calculating a stator traveling wave speed, and based on a stator/rotor contact model of the ultrasonic motor, acquiring an axial force of a contact surface on a rotor and other parameters which are not easy to be measured during the service life test process; and according to an acceleration factor and wear failure time under the acceleration stress, backstepping a service life of the ultrasonic motor under the normal stress. Under the acceleration stress, time needed by the service life test is short and a purpose of rapidly determining the service life is achieved.

Description

The fast determination method in ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-electrical rotation class product accelerated life test technical field, in particular it relates to a kind of The fast determination method in ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span.
Background technology
" rotary type travelling wave ultrasonic motor " announced with reference to Chinese patent 201020219439.0 and Zhao Chun give birth to works 《Ultrasonic Motor Techniques and application》Deng document, ultrasound electric machine (referring to traveling wave type ultrasonic motor in the present invention) is main by stator (bag Include elastomer and piezoelectric ceramics etc.), the composition such as rotor (including friction material and rotor discs, rotating shaft etc.), its operation principle is Using the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, micro breadth oscillation of the elastomer in supersonic range is excited, traveling wave is formed on stator, led to Vibration is converted into rotor by the rubbing action for crossing (specifically between the elastomer flank of tooth and friction material) between fixed/rotor Rotary motion, power output drives attached load.
It is different from traditional electromagnetic machine, ultrasound electric machine by Piezoelectric Ceramic, without the need for coil and gear, with quality Gently, small volume, without magnetic field, unit energy density is high the advantages of.Therefore, ultrasound electric machine in industry, national defence, robot, automobile, do The application prospect of the aspect such as postulate standby be it is huge, for example：
Camera, the lens automatic focusing of video camera drive；
Polemoscope automatic focusing；
Hard disc of computer and disc drives and positioning；
Automatically controlling in car；
Guided missile, the automatic aiming of military issue weapons equipment and target following；
Microsatellite scanning driving device；
Microrobot drives, and military surveillance is driven with micromachine worm and micro helicopter；
Mini-medical device；
Micromachine.
In space industry, ultrasound electric machine has begun to be applied to the space industries such as Marsokhod, lunar rover, is new product, new The Typical Representative of technology AEROSPACE APPLICATION, enjoys various countries' space flight circle to pay attention to.
But, the further extensive application of ultrasound electric machine still suffers from restriction.Ultrasound electric machine transmits torque by frictional force, Abrasion is certainly existed.In the structure design of travelling wave supersonic motor, abrasion is mainly shown as the abrasion of friction material, its mill Damage is because stator is caused to the repeated action of friction material.Failure is the modal failure shape of ultrasound electric machine caused by abrasion Formula, the abrasion of friction material is the main cause of the service life and reliability for affecting and govern ultrasound electric machine.Therefore, to super The life appraisal of acoustic-electric machine is based primarily upon its friction material and weares and teares this failure mode.
Ultrasound electric machine long-term reliability application and further development Ultrasonic Motor Techniques in adverse circumstances all be unable to do without the longevity Life Predicting Technique.In view of Ultrasonic Motor Techniques progress and the present situation of operating lifetime, traditional 1:The life test of 1 time Take too long, can not meet the instantaneity and the demand of rapid deployment of Aero-Space and national defense mission.The ultrasound electric machine life-span Quick determination technology have become promote ultrasound electric machine further using and rapid deployment key technology, it is possible to save significantly About experimentation cost.At present, the accelerated life test technology of non-electrical product is still immature at present, typically passes through physics of failure method pin Concrete analysis is made to specific product, research difficulty is higher.
As the Typical Representative for rotating class non-electrical product, the quick determination technology in ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span is broken through not A technological gap will be only filled up, will also promote development and the rapid deployment of Ultrasonic Motor Techniques, with very important practicality Value.
In Ultrasonic Motor Techniques field, forefathers have done many researchs.Zhao Chun is given birth in works《Ultrasonic Motor Techniques with should With》The maximum tangential velocity analytical expression (abbreviation stator row wave speed in this document) of particle on the stator flank of tooth is derived；It is situated between Continued fixed/rotor contact model, can be used to calculate axial force of the rotor by contact surface；Describe the life-span examination of ultrasound electric machine Check system, including ultrasound electric machine, driver, photoelectric sensor, computer etc., can monitor the rotor speed of ultrasound electric machine, total Revolution, out-of-service time etc..Wei Zheng are in paper " A wear evaluation of friction materials used When describing a kind of wear model, i.e. unit of ultrasound electric machine friction material in for rotary ultrasonic motors " Between wear extent be the axial force that wear rate, fixed/spinner velocity difference and rotor are subject to contact surface product.Tian Xiu is in paper " vacuum The research of ultrasonic motor performance and its friction material under low temperature " describes the mill by friction material during measurement life test Damage method of the height to calculate the coefficient of waste (i.e. wear rate)；Simultaneously a kind of ultrasound electric machine wear-out life test system is described, The parameters such as torque, rotating speed, the temperature of ultrasound electric machine can be tested.Research above is the fast of proposition ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span Fast determination method is laid a good foundation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of accelerated life test of ultrasound electric machine wear out failure and analytical technology, are used for The working life of rapid evaluation ultrasound electric machine.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of fast determination method in ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span, comprises the steps：
A. determine the accelerated stress and wear out failure criterion of ultrasound electric machine accelerated life test, surpassed under accelerated stress The accelerated life test of acoustic-electric machine, monitors friction material wear extent in the life cycle management of wear process (for calculating abrasion Rate), rotor speed, stator temperature, friction torque, the parameter such as out-of-service time；
B. while accelerated life test is carried out, the life test of ultrasound electric machine under normal stress, monitoring abrasion are carried out The parameters such as middle friction material wear extent (for calculating wear rate), rotor speed, stator temperature, the friction torque of process, are adding Stop the ultrasound electric machine life test under normal stress under fast stress after all motor failures, its parameter monitoring method is with step a Monitoring method；
C. stator row wave speed is calculated based on stator row wave speed analytical expression；Connect based on the fixed/rotor of ultrasound electric machine Touch type obtains the parameter that rotor is subject in the axial force equivalent life process of the test of contact surface to be difficult to measure.
D. according to above-mentioned parameter, with reference to the fixed/rotor abrasion model of ultrasound electric machine, according to derived accelerated factor expression formula Calculate accelerated factor.
E. according to the wear out failure time anti-use for pushing away ultrasound electric machine under normal stress under accelerated factor and accelerated stress Life-span.
Wherein, the fixed/rotor abrasion model of ultrasound electric machine is denoted as：
In model：
V --- wear volume；
k0--- unit length wear rate；
W --- pressure；
L --- abrasion length；
S --- stator flank of tooth area；
--- rotor is subject to the axial force of contact surface；
vrotor--- rotor speed (linear velocity)；
vu--- row wave speed；
T --- wearing- in period；
The then life-span T of ultrasound electric machinetCan be expressed as：
Wherein, VmaxBe the maximum allowable volume wear determined by failure criteria, for a certain ultrasound electric machine, it is fixed/ Initial pretightning force F of rotorp0One timing is considered what is determined.
Further, when selecting accelerated stress, the life-span expression formula of ultrasound electric machine is under accelerated stress：
Then accelerated factor β0It is represented by：
Wherein, accelerated stress be motor load, rotor speed, environment temperature, one or more of motor input voltage.
Further, accelerated aging that can be under accelerated stress in the case where enough friction material wear data is accumulated The step of monitoring wear process friction material wear extent is saved in life test under test and normal stress.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are, under accelerated stress, accelerated life test is time-consuming shorter, play quick determination ultrasound The purpose in motor fret life-span.
Specific embodiment
Introduced below is the specific embodiment as content of the present invention, below by specific embodiment to this The content of invention is further illustrated.Certainly, it is only the not Tongfang of the example present invention to describe following detailed description The content in face, and should not be construed as limiting the invention scope.
The fast determination method in the ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span of the present invention, for the work of rapid evaluation ultrasound electric machine Life-span.
Embodiment 1
The ultrasound electric machine of the embodiment is operated under the conditions of constant ambient temperature, and accelerated stress is motor load, its base This technology approach is realized by following steps：
A. determine the accelerated stress and wear out failure criterion of ultrasound electric machine accelerated life test, surpassed under accelerated stress The accelerated life test of acoustic-electric machine, monitors friction material wear extent in the life cycle management of wear process (for calculating abrasion Rate), rotor speed, stator temperature, friction torque, the parameter such as out-of-service time；
Refer to Zhao Chun life works《Ultrasonic Motor Techniques and application》The service life experiment system of the ultrasound electric machine of middle introduction with And Tian Xiu weares and teares in a kind of ultrasound electric machine that paper " research of ultrasonic motor performance and its friction material under vacuum and low temperature " is introduced Life-span test system and life test method, when rotor speed, stator temperature, friction torque, failure have been monitored in life test Between.With reference to field show paper " research of ultrasonic motor performance and its friction material under vacuum and low temperature " by measuring life test process The wear height of middle friction material carrys out monitoring calculation friction material wear rate come the method for calculating the coefficient of waste (i.e. wear rate).
Determine that accelerated stress is motor load (drag torque), increase motor load can reduce rotor speed, and to traveling wave Speed is not directly affected, and from formula (2) as can be seen that this will increase the speed difference between fixed/rotor, corresponding increase abrasion is contracted In the life-span of short ultrasound electric machine, play a part of to accelerate failure process.
Motor load level should as far as possible be more than ultrasound electric machine on the premise of ultrasound electric machine wear out failure pattern is not changed Normal workload, failure criteria be friction load be more than certain constant, with reference to Zhao Chun give birth to works《Ultrasonic Motor Techniques with should With》Implement ultrasound electric machine with paper " research of ultrasonic motor performance and its friction material under the vacuum and low temperature " design of Tian Xiu adding Life test under fast stress, in test monitoring record friction material wear height come calculate the coefficient of waste (i.e. wear rate), turn Rotor speed (the rotary encoder record connected by motor shaft), stator temperature (the thermistor record by boning on stator), mistake The parameters such as effect time (being determined by failure criteria).
B. while accelerated life test is carried out, the life test of ultrasound electric machine under normal stress, monitoring abrasion are carried out The parameters such as middle friction material wear extent (for calculating wear rate), rotor speed, stator temperature, the friction torque of process, are adding Stop the ultrasound electric machine life test under normal stress under fast stress after all motor failures；
The same a of parameter monitoring method.
C. stator row wave speed is calculated based on stator row wave speed analytical expression；Connect based on the fixed/rotor of ultrasound electric machine Touch type obtains the parameter that rotor is subject in the axial force equivalent life process of the test of contact surface to be difficult to measure.
Works is given birth to reference to Zhao Chun《Ultrasonic Motor Techniques and application》The tangential speed of the maximum of particle on the stator flank of tooth of middle derivation Degree analytical expression calculates stator row wave speed；Interface pressure distribution is calculated according to fixed/rotor contact model, is further calculated Rotor is subject to the axial force of contact surface.
D. according to above-mentioned parameter, with reference to the fixed/rotor abrasion model of ultrasound electric machine, according to derived accelerated factor expression formula Calculate accelerated factor.
With reference to Wei Zheng in paper " A wear evaluation of friction materials used for A kind of wear model of the ultrasound electric machine friction material introduced in rotary ultrasonic motors ", i.e. unit interval mill Damage amount is the product of the axial force that wear rate, fixed/spinner velocity difference and rotor are subject to contact surface.
Accelerated factor, the acquisition methods reference table 1 of each parameter are calculated according to formula (4).
The acquisition methods of each parameter are summarized in table 1 in formula (4).
The each parameter acquiring method of the accelerated factor expression formula of table 1
E. according to the wear out failure time anti-use for pushing away ultrasound electric machine under normal stress under accelerated factor and accelerated stress Life-span.
I.e.
Although having carried out description in greater detail and explanation to the specific embodiment of the present invention above, it should be noted that It is that we can make various changes and modifications to above-mentioned embodiment, but these are without departure from the spirit and appended of the present invention Claim described in scope.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of fast determination method in ultrasound electric machine wear out failure life-span, comprises the steps：
A. determine the accelerated stress and wear out failure criterion of ultrasound electric machine accelerated life test, ultrasonic electric is carried out under accelerated stress The accelerated life test of machine, monitors friction material wear extent in the life cycle management of wear process (for calculating wear rate), turns The parameters such as rotor speed, stator temperature, friction torque, out-of-service time；
B. while accelerated life test is carried out, the life test of ultrasound electric machine under normal stress is carried out, monitors wear process The parameter such as middle friction material wear extent (for calculate wear rate), rotor speed, stator temperature, friction torque, accelerate should Under power after all motor failures stop normal stress under ultrasound electric machine life test, its parameter monitoring method with step a prison Survey method；
C. stator row wave speed is calculated based on stator row wave speed analytical expression；Fixed/rotor contact mould based on ultrasound electric machine Type obtains the parameter that rotor is subject in the axial force equivalent life process of the test of contact surface to be difficult to measure；
D. according to above-mentioned parameter, with reference to the fixed/rotor abrasion model of ultrasound electric machine, calculated according to derived accelerated factor expression formula Accelerated factor；
E. according to the wear out failure time anti-service life for pushing away ultrasound electric machine under normal stress under accelerated factor and accelerated stress.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein fixed/rotor abrasion the model of ultrasound electric machine is denoted as：
V = k 0 w l = k 0 1 S ∫ ∫ S F i d S ( v u - v r o t o r ) t - - - ( 1 )
In model：
V --- wear volume；
k0--- unit length wear rate；
W --- pressure；
L --- abrasion length；
S --- stator flank of tooth area；
--- rotor is subject to the axial force of contact surface；
vrotor--- rotor speed (linear velocity)；
vu--- row wave speed；
T --- wearing- in period；
The then life-span T of ultrasound electric machinetCan be expressed as：
T t = V max k 0 1 S ∫ ∫ S F i d S ( v u - v r o t o r ) - - - ( 2 ) ;
Wherein, VmaxIt is the maximum allowable volume wear determined by failure criteria, for a certain ultrasound electric machine, in fixed/rotor Initial pretightning force Fp0One timing is considered what is determined.
3. when the method for claim 1, wherein selecting accelerated stress, the Life Table of ultrasound electric machine under accelerated stress It is up to formula：
T t ′ = V max k 0 ′ 1 S ∫ ∫ S F i ′ d S ( v u ′ - v r o t o r ′ ) - - - ( 3 )
Then accelerated factor β0It is represented by：
β 0 = T t ′ T t = k 0 ∫ ∫ S F i d S ( v u - v r o t o r ) k 0 ′ ∫ ∫ S F i ′ d S ( v u ′ - v r o t o r ′ ) - - - ( 4 ) .
4. the method for claim 1, wherein accelerated stress is that motor load, rotor speed, environment temperature, motor are defeated Enter one or more of voltage.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein can be in acceleration in the case where enough friction material wear datas are accumulated Monitoring wear process friction material wear extent is saved in the life test under accelerated life test and normal stress under stress Step.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107389486A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-24 艾迪机器(杭州)有限公司 A kind of elastomer rotor of cam rotor pump and liner plate antiwear characteristic Forecasting Methodology
CN110243932A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-17 曙制动器工业株式会社 The method and apparatus and its closed-loop control of on-line testing friction material
CN113124794A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-16 长沙理工大学 Roller chain pitch increase detection system
US11635358B2 (en) 2019-02-01 2023-04-25 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Dual testing machine that incorporates ultrasonic testing and compressibility testing
CN116953415A (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-27 深圳市森瑞普电子有限公司 Conductive slip ring fatigue life prediction method based on data driving

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107389486A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-24 艾迪机器(杭州)有限公司 A kind of elastomer rotor of cam rotor pump and liner plate antiwear characteristic Forecasting Methodology
CN110243932A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-17 曙制动器工业株式会社 The method and apparatus and its closed-loop control of on-line testing friction material
US11635358B2 (en) 2019-02-01 2023-04-25 Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. Dual testing machine that incorporates ultrasonic testing and compressibility testing
CN113124794A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-16 长沙理工大学 Roller chain pitch increase detection system
CN116953415A (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-27 深圳市森瑞普电子有限公司 Conductive slip ring fatigue life prediction method based on data driving
CN116953415B (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-12-22 深圳市森瑞普电子有限公司 Conductive slip ring fatigue life prediction method based on data driving

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