CN106646166B - A kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method - Google Patents
A kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646166B CN106646166B CN201611223265.3A CN201611223265A CN106646166B CN 106646166 B CN106646166 B CN 106646166B CN 201611223265 A CN201611223265 A CN 201611223265A CN 106646166 B CN106646166 B CN 106646166B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method, belong to contact switch electric appliance electric arc and electrical contact technology field, the fever of electric appliance, multiple characteristic tests of electric arc, Electric contact theory are realized using a set of experiment device for teaching, it can be effectively reduced experimental cost and facilitate the maintenance of experimental facilities, the experimental teaching for carrying out electric appliance basic theory for this profession teachers and students provides advantage；For current electric appliance electric arc and the Electric contact theory content of courses, the present invention can carry out following experiment item: (1) static state of direct-current arc, dynamic Volt-Ampere Characteristic under the conditions of different loads；(2) direct-current arc extinguishes Experiment of Principle；(3) alternating current arc dynamic Volt-Ampere Characteristic；(4) alternating current arc arc quenching principle is tested；(5) contact resistance behavior measurement experiment；(6) Φ-θ theoretical validation is tested；(7) the electrical heating characteristic test under different operating system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to contact switch electric appliance electric arcs and electrical contact technology field, and in particular to a kind of device for switching electric arc with
It is in electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method.
Background technique
The basic theory of electric appliance is very crucial for the design and selection of device for switching；There are Jin30Yu Suo colleges and universities in the whole nation at present
Bachelor degree open up the courses such as " Electrical Appliances ", " high and low voltage electrical equipment ", lecture the fever of device for switching, electric power, electricity for student
The basic theories such as arc and electrical contact, electromagnetic system.However, the electric arc of device for switching and the theoretical property of Electric contact theory are stronger, non-
It is often abstract, so that student's understanding is got up by the theory teaching on classroom merely extremely difficult, it is difficult to preferable teaching efficiency is obtained,
Directly influence the training quality of this Major.In order to further deepen understanding of the student to electric arc and Electric contact theory, mention
High student is to the application power of learned basic theory, in particular with " learning aid " continuous development of the reform, student for enhancing
The hope for technical ability of itself starting is more more and more intense, under such overall background, is highly desirable to carry out the reality of electric appliance basic theory
Test teaching.However, for various reasons, all kinds of electric appliance teaching experimental provisions currently on the market or absolutely not it is related to electricity
The experimental project or performance of device basic theory are single, equipment and instrument is spuious and are only capable of completing a kind of electric appliance basic theory
Characteristic test is unable to satisfy the needs of electric appliance basic theory experimental teaching.Therefore, it is high, just that a kind of perfect in shape and function, integrated level are developed
In the experiment device for teaching for integrating the characteristic tests such as device for switching fever, electric arc and Electric contact theory of maintenance be very must
It wants.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of device for switching electric arcs experimental provision and contacts with electrical contact
Resistance measurement method, multiple characteristics using the fever of a set of experiment device for teaching realization electric appliance, electric arc, Electric contact theory are real
It tests, can be effectively reduced experimental cost and facilitates the maintenance of experimental facilities, carry out electric appliance basic theory for this profession teachers and students
Experimental teaching provides advantage.
A kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision, including power supply, load, arc generating device, control module,
Signal conditioning module and host computer；Wherein, the power supply, load, arc generating device form series loop, and electric arc fills
The output end for the input terminal link control module set, the input terminal of the output end connection signal conditioning module of arc generating device,
The input terminal of the output end connection host computer of signal conditioning module；
The arc generating device, comprising: stepper motor, shaft coupling, screw rod, slid platform base, first baffle, second gear
Plate, the first long connecting rod, the second long connecting rod, bakelite insulation box body, pressure sensor, spring, the first short connecting rod, the second short connecting rod,
First temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, third temperature sensor, fixed contact pedestal, electromagnet stent, electromagnet coil,
Movable contact block, static contact, moving contact, cable bolt electrode, high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager, voltage sensor and electric current pass
Sensor；
The stepper motor output shaft passes through a side end face of slid platform base, and passes through the one of shaft coupling connection wire rod
End, the other end of screw rod pass through another side end face that first baffle is fixed on slid platform base by bearing, screw rod and first baffle
Between be connected through a screw thread；
The first baffle and second baffle is respectively provided with there are two through-hole, and it is exhausted that bakelite is fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod
One side of edge tray interior, the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially pass through first baffle a through-hole and one of second baffle
Through-hole, and it is fixed on bakelite insulation another side of tray interior；Second long connecting rod is set side by side with the first long connecting rod, the
Bakelite insulation one side of tray interior is fixed in one end of two long connecting rods, and the other end of the second long connecting rod sequentially passes through first baffle
Another through-hole and second baffle another through-hole, and be fixed on bakelite insulation another side of tray interior；First baffle and
Two baffles are slided in bakelite insulation tray interior along the first long connecting rod and the second long connecting rod；
The first baffle is provided with moving contact by movable contact block, and second baffle is provided with stationary contact by fixed contact pedestal
Head, and static contact is oppositely arranged with moving contact；The end of movable contact block and the end of fixed contact pedestal are provided with cable bolt electricity
Pole；Electromagnet coil is arranged by electromagnet stent in movable contact block；The first temperature sensor, are respectively arranged on fixed contact pedestal
Two temperature sensors and third temperature sensor；
The pressure sensor is fixed on second baffle and bakelite insulation booth by the first short connecting rod and the second short connecting rod
Between body, and spring is provided on the second short connecting rod；The fixed contact pedestal upper end is disposed with the first temperature sensor,
Two temperature sensors and third temperature sensor are arranged between the cable bolt electrode and moving contact cable bolt electrode of static contact
There are voltage sensor, current sensor and a current-limiting resistance, the side of static contact and moving contact is provided with high-speed camera and infrared
Thermal imaging system.
The control module, including measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcontroller, stepper motor driver, key-press input mould
Block and liquid crystal display；
Wherein, the measuring contact resistance circuit both ends pass through the cable bolt electricity of two switch connection static contacts respectively
The cable of pole and moving contact bolts electrode, the measuring contact resistance circuit, including the first triode, the second triode, the
Three triodes, the 4th triode, a measuring resistance, first voltage table and second voltage table, wherein the base of the first triode
Pole, the base stage of the second triode, the base stage of third transistor and the base stage of the 4th triode connect single-chip microcontroller, the first triode
Collector connects the collector of the 4th triode, and connects one end of measuring resistance simultaneously, the emitter connection of the 4th triode
The emitter of third transistor, and be grounded simultaneously, the collector of the collector connection third transistor of the second triode, and simultaneously
The cable for connecting moving contact bolts electrode, and the emitter of the first triode connects the emitter of the second triode, and connects simultaneously
The adjustable power of direct current of power source internal；The cable of the other end connection static contact of the measuring resistance bolts electrode；Described
First voltage table connects the both ends of measuring resistance, and second voltage table connects the cable of cable the bolt electrode and moving contact of static contact
Bolt electrode.
The electromagnet coil can be replaced arc extinguishing grid pieces or permanent magnet.
The power supply, including adjustable power of direct current with exchange regulated power supply.
The load, including ohmic load, inductive load and capacitive load.
The host computer, PC machine and display including onboard data capture card.
The output end of pressure sensor, the output end of the first temperature sensor, the output end of second temperature sensor, third
The output end connection signal conditioning module of the output end of temperature sensor, the output end of high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager.
The single-chip microcontroller is based on measuring contact resistance circuit, measures contact resistance using impulse method, obtains contact resistance
With pressure characteristic.
The measuring contact resistance method carried out using device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision, comprising the following steps:
The cable of step 1, the cable bolt electrode for being closed static contact and moving contact bolts two, electrode switches；
Step 2, control stepper motor, contact moving contact and static contact；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact and static contact both ends are acquired by pressure sensor；
Step 4, single-chip microcontroller control the second triode and the shutdown of the 4th triode, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal
The first triode and third transistor is connected in short-term；
Step 5 adjusts adjustable power of direct current, increases the short-time current for passing through moving contact and static contact；
Step 6, the voltage value that standard resistor at two terminals is acquired by first voltage table, obtain through moving contact and static contact
Current value；
Step 7, the voltage value that moving contact and static contact both ends are acquired by second voltage table；
Step 8, according to the moving contact that measures and static contact both end voltage and the electric current acquisition moving contact that flows through contact and quiet
Contact resistance between contact；
Step 9, single-chip microcontroller control the first triode and third transistor shutdown, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal
The second triode and the 4th triode is connected in short-term, return step 5 to step 8；
Step 10 repeats step 4 to step 9, obtains the contact resistance repeatedly measured, averaging, it is final to obtain
Contact resistance；
Pressure size between step 11, adjusting moving contact and static contact, repeats step 4 to step 10, is contacted
Resistance and pressure characteristic.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention proposes that a kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method, utilization are a set of
Experiment device for teaching realizes multiple characteristic tests of the fever of electric appliance, electric arc, Electric contact theory, can be effectively reduced experiment at
Sheet and the maintenance for facilitating experimental facilities, the experimental teaching for carrying out electric appliance basic theory for this profession teachers and students provide advantage；
For current electric appliance electric arc and the Electric contact theory content of courses, the present invention can carry out following experiment item: (1) different loads item
The static state of direct-current arc, dynamic Volt-Ampere Characteristic under part；(2 direct-current arcs extinguish Experiment of Principle；(3) alternating current arc dynamic lies prostrate
Pacify characteristic test；(4) alternating current arc arc quenching principle is tested；(5) contact resistance behavior measurement experiment；(6) Φ-θ theoretical validation is real
It tests；(7) the electrical heating characteristic test under different operating system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision structural block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention,
In, 1- host computer (contains capture card), 2- display, 3- capacitive load, 4- ohmic load, 5- inductive load, and 6- exchanges adjustable electric
Source, 7- adjustable power of direct current, 8- signal conditioning module, 9- control module, 10- arc generating device, 11- high-speed camera and red
Outer thermal imaging system, 12- bakelite pedestal 12；
Fig. 3 is the mechanical structure schematic diagram of the arc generating device of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 13- stepper motor,
14- shaft coupling, 15- screw rod, the first long connecting rod of 16-, 17- first baffle, 18- movable contact block, 19- electromagnet stent, 20- first
Temperature sensor, 21- fixed contact pedestal, 22- second baffle, 23- pressure sensor, the first short connecting rod of 24-, the second short connecting rod of 25-,
26- spring, 27- static contact, 28- moving contact, the second long connecting rod of 29-, 30- slid platform base, 31- bakelite insulation box body, 32- electromagnetism
Iron coil, 33- cable bolt electrode；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing grid pieces of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the measuring contact resistance schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the control module of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the measuring contact resistance method flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
An embodiment of the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision, including power supply
(including adjustable power of direct current 7 with exchange regulated power supply 6), load (including ohmic load 4, inductive load 5 and capacitive load 3),
Arc generating device 10, control module 9, signal conditioning module 8, host computer 1 (PC machine and display including onboard data capture card
Device 2) and bakelite pedestal 12；
In the embodiment of the present invention, data collecting card need to meet 8 channels, 12 precision；Display is for showing that host computer is soft
Part can be shown by the data of each sensor transmissions, and can carry out depth calculation；Load blocks are by capacitor, inductance, electricity
Resistance composition, can realize that in a certain range power factor is adjustable；Capacitive load 3 is using the electric capacitor with more capacitances, electricity
Resistance load 4 uses 5kw, 10 Ω adjustable resistances, and inductive load 5 uses 20A, 10mH inductance；Power module include AC10KW/0~
250V exchanges regulated power supply 6 and DC60V/50A adjustable power of direct current 7；Signal conditioning module 8 includes to contact voltage, power supply electricity
Pressure, loop current, contact pressure, the detection of the operating tempera-ture signal of contact proximal end, filtering, clipping and amplification；Control module 9 is wrapped
Include LCD MODULE, keyboard input module, stepper motor drive module, power electronic switching module etc.；Bakelite pedestal 12 is used
Insulation, raising security performance in device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, power supply, load, arc generating device 10 form series loop, arc generating device 10
The output end of input terminal link control module 9, the input terminal of the output end connection signal conditioning module 8 of arc generating device 10,
The input terminal of the output end connection host computer 1 of signal conditioning module 8；
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, arc generating device 10 includes: stepper motor 13, shaft coupling 14, screw rod
15, slid platform base 30, first baffle 17, second baffle 22, the first long connecting rod 16, the second long connecting rod 29, bakelite insulation box body 31,
Pressure sensor 23, spring 26, the first short connecting rod 24, the second short connecting rod 25, the first temperature sensor 20, second temperature sensing
Device, fixed contact pedestal 21, electromagnet stent 19, electromagnet coil 32, movable contact block 18, static contact 27, moves third temperature sensor
Contact 28, cable bolt electrode 33, high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager 11, voltage sensor (as shown in Figure 1) and electric current pass
Sensor (as shown in Figure 1)；
In the embodiment of the present invention, stepper motor 13 uses 57 stepper motors；Contact voltage and power supply voltage signal are using high
The detection of precision electromagnetic potential sensor, loop current signals are detected using Hall-type current sensor, contact pressure signal
The detection of MIK-LCS1 type pressure sensor, contact proximal end temperature signal are detected using gasket type PT100；High-speed camera and infrared
Thermal imaging system 11 selects according to the actual situation；Pressure sensor 23 selects 0~3kg range, and static contact 27 and moving contact 28 are by diameter
The contact of 25mm or less a variety of materials is replaced；Electromagnet is made of the electromagnet coil 32 of 19 sum of electromagnet stent, and coil may be used also
To be changed to permanent magnet, electromagnet mechanism can be changed to arc extinguishing grid pieces (as shown in Figure 4)；
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3,13 output shaft of stepper motor passes through a side end face of slid platform base 30, and
By one end of 14 connection wire rod 15 of shaft coupling, the other end of screw rod 15 passes through first baffle 17 and is fixed on slide unit bottom by bearing
Another side end face of seat 30, is connected through a screw thread between screw rod 15 and first baffle 17；The first baffle 17 and second gear
Plate 22 is respectively provided with there are two through-hole, and bakelite insulation 31 interior side end of box body is fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod 16, and first is long
The other end of connecting rod 16 sequentially passes through a through-hole of first baffle 17 and a through-hole of second baffle 22, and is fixed on bakelite
The 31 another side in inside of insulation box body；Second long connecting rod 29 is set side by side with the first long connecting rod 16, the second long connecting rod 29
One end be fixed on bakelite insulation 31 interior side end of box body, the other end of the second long connecting rod 29 sequentially passes through first baffle 17
Another through-hole of another through-hole and second baffle 22, and it is fixed on the 31 another side in inside of bakelite insulation box body；First baffle 17
It is slided inside bakelite insulation box body 31 along the first long connecting rod 16 and the second long connecting rod 29 with second baffle 22；
The movable contact block 18 is pacified by way of jackscrew by the threaded hole installation on first baffle 17, moving contact 28
In movable contact block 18, fixed contact pedestal 21 is installed by the threaded hole of second baffle 22, and static contact 27 is by way of jackscrew
It is mounted in fixed contact pedestal 21；And static contact 27 and moving contact 28 are oppositely arranged (shape size of contact is adjustable)；It is dynamic
The end of contact base 18 and the end structure of fixed contact pedestal 21 are screw thread rod-shapes, are cable bolt electrodes；Movable contact block 18 is logical
It crosses electromagnet stent 19 and electromagnet coil 32 is set；The first temperature sensor, second temperature are respectively arranged on fixed contact pedestal 21
Sensor and third temperature sensor；
Described pressure sensor one end by the first short connecting rod 24 be fixed on bakelite insulate box body 31 on, the other end with
The connection of second short connecting rod 25, and the second short connecting rod 25 is equipped with buffer spring 26, the second short connecting rod 25 passes through second baffle 22
Small through hole, can activity；Second quarter butt 25 and spring 26 are made into buffer module；21 upper end of fixed contact pedestal is disposed with
First temperature sensor 20, second temperature sensor and third temperature sensor, the cable bolt electrode of static contact 27 and dynamic touching
Voltage sensor, current sensor and current-limiting resistance, static contact 27 and moving contact 28 are provided between first 28 cable bolt electrode
Side be provided with high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager 11；
In the embodiment of the present invention, the output end of pressure sensor 23, the output end of the first temperature sensor 20, second temperature
The output end of sensor, the output end of third temperature sensor, the output end of high-speed camera and the output end of thermal infrared imager
Connection signal conditioning module 8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, control module 9, including the driving of measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcontroller, stepper motor 13
Device, keyboard input module and liquid crystal display 2；Control module 9 is using AVRmega16 single-chip microcontroller as main control chip；Single-chip microcontroller
Module occurs for the included PWM in inside, is adjusted the speed by the frequency that key adjusts PWM to stepper motor；The wherein drive of stepper motor
Dynamic device uses the driver of 256 subdivisions, is capable of providing single step distance fine enough, and operating parameter can be in liquid crystal display
It is shown in module 12864；The operating parameters such as motor speed, traffic direction and operational mode can be modified by key；In order to more
Vibration condition that may be present during good simulation actual cable operation, on the basis of stepper motor reciprocating motion mode
Add a kind of vibration mode；The basic principle of vibration mode is: using single-chip microcontroller generate 2 layers of random number, one layer of mapping direction, separately
One layer of mapping speed, can produce a kind of random vibration in this way.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, the measuring contact resistance circuit (present invention uses BTS7960) two
End bolts electrode by the cable that the cable of two switch connection static contacts 27 bolts electrode and moving contact 28 respectively, and described connects
Touch resistance measuring circuit, including the first triode Q2, the second triode Q1, third transistor Q3, the 4th triode Q4, a mark
Quasi- resistance, first voltage table and second voltage table, wherein base stage, the third of the base stage of the first triode Q2, the second triode Q1
The base stage of triode Q3 connects single-chip microcontroller with the base stage of the 4th triode Q4, and the collector of the first triode Q2 connects the four or three pole
The collector of pipe Q4, and one end of measuring resistance is connected simultaneously, the emitter connection third transistor Q3's of the 4th triode Q4
Emitter, and be grounded simultaneously, the collector of the collector connection third transistor Q3 of the second triode Q1, and the dynamic touching of connection simultaneously
First 28 cable bolts electrode, and the emitter of the first triode Q2 connects the emitter of the second triode Q1, and connects electricity simultaneously
Adjustable power of direct current 7 inside source；The cable of the other end connection static contact 27 of the measuring resistance bolts electrode；Described
First voltage table connects the both ends of measuring resistance, and second voltage table connects the cable bolt electrode and moving contact 28 of static contact 27
Cable bolt electrode.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve touching caused by being powered when conventional four-end method measures contact resistance because of long-time
Hair heat problem, the present invention use impulse method measurement contact resistance instead, and as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, single-chip microcontroller is based on measuring contact resistance
Circuit measures contact resistance using impulse method, obtains contact resistance and pressure characteristic, specifically includes the following steps:
The cable of step 1, the cable bolt electrode for being closed static contact 27 and moving contact 28 bolts two, electrode switches；
Step 2, control stepper motor 13, contact moving contact 28 and static contact 27；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact 28 and 27 both ends of static contact are acquired by pressure sensor 23；
Step 4, single-chip microcontroller control the second triode and the shutdown of the 4th triode, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal
The first triode and third transistor is connected in short-term；
Step 5 adjusts adjustable power of direct current, increases the short-time current for passing through moving contact 28 and static contact 27；
Step 6, the voltage value that standard resistor at two terminals is acquired by first voltage table, obtain and pass through moving contact 28 and static contact
27 current value；
Step 7, the voltage value that moving contact 28 and 27 both ends of static contact are acquired by second voltage table；
Step 8 obtains moving contact with the electric current for flowing through contact according to the moving contact 28 and 27 both end voltage of static contact measured
Contact resistance between 28 and static contact 27；
Step 9, single-chip microcontroller control the first triode and third transistor shutdown, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal
The second triode and the 4th triode is connected in short-term, return step 5 to step 8；
Step 10 repeats step 4 to step 9, obtains the contact resistance repeatedly measured, averaging, it is final to obtain
Contact resistance；
Pressure size between step 11, adjusting moving contact 28 and static contact 27 repeats step 4 to step 10, obtains
Contact resistance and pressure characteristic.
Arc characteristic includes alternating current arc characteristic test and direct-current arc characteristic test, and the present invention is real with direct-current arc characteristic
Illustrate operating method for testing:
Arc generating device 10 generates electric arc by the way of arcing, by DC power supply 7 and different types of load (capacitor
3, resistance 4, inductance 5) it connects with the cable of arc generating device 10 bolt electrode 33 as a circuit.It is set by control module 9
Determine speed, direction and the operational mode of stepper motor 13；It is assumed herein that Manual Mode, setting speed 0.1mm/s.Direction is two
The direction of a contact separation.Open DC power supply after, can by the display 2 of PC host computer observe flow through contact electric current and
The voltage at contact both ends, while experimental data is saved so as to post analysis.When studying static arc characteristic, first press crawl by
Key separates contact, the stopping when there is electric arc generation, continues to increase contact distance after arc stability burns a period of time.It is different
Voltage, electric current, loadtype, electric arc arc length is different, keeps arcing distance different under the conditions of contact material and contact diameter etc..It draws
Arc distance is determined from by actual conditions.When observing electric arc stable state combustion, corresponding contact spacing is arcing during the experiment
Distance.The current signal, the voltage signal at contact both ends and the temperature signal of contact of contact will be flowed through by signal conditioning module 8
It is sent in PC host computer (1) and is handled and shown；When research trends arc characteristic, moving contact 28 is pulled to make electric arc from production
Raw, burning is until extinguish, while being recorded using high-speed camera 11 to arcing process.It can be arranged by control module 9
The speed and operational mode of stepper motor, by adjusting moving contact 28 separating rate, load (capacitor 3, resistance 4, inductance 5) and
Power supply (DC power supply 7, alternating current 6) studies dynamic and static arc characteristic under the conditions of different circuit.
Arc extinction Experiment of Principle includes the experiment of electromagnetism arc blow-out and the experiment of grid arc extinguishing；The present invention is still extinguished with direct-current arc
Illustrate operating method for experiment:
When carrying out direct-current arc according to the mode of electromagnetism arc blow-out and extinguish experiment, first with it is described generate one it is stable
Direct-current arc, electromagnet coil 32 does not have electric current at this time, does not have arc blow-out effect.When direct-current arc, which is stablized, burns, make electromagnetism
The coil 32 of iron is powered, and generating electromagnetic force makes camber to extinguish.Adjustable magnet spool electric current obtains not
With arc quenching characteristic when magnetic field strength.According to grid arc extinguishing mode carry out direct-current arc extinguish experiment when, need to whether there is or not
Experimental phenomena when grid arc extinguishing compares；Electric arc is generated in no grid time control braking contact 28, observes the burning of electric arc
Situation；When using grid, control moving contact 28 generates electric arc, observes the combustion case of electric arc again.By comparing twice
The arc quenching characteristic of analysis of experimental results arc extinguishing grid pieces.
A set of host computer application software of independent development is installed in PC host computer 1 of the invention.The software uses
LabVIEW exploitation environment is write using G language, has experimental data acquisition and shows, data analysis, data storage function.It is real
Data are tested to include contact voltage between moving contact 28 and static contact 27, supply voltage, flow through moving contact 28 and static contact 27
The operating temperature near contact pressure and contact resistance, 27 contact point of static contact between electric current, moving contact 28 and static contact 27,
Specific experiment data required for each experimental project are determined by experiment content.Data show can using waveform diagram, histogram,
The multiple display modes such as pie chart, real-time curve, history curve, data sheet.Data analysis include to the waveform of experimental data into
Analysis of row time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency domain, such as Fourier analysis, Short Time Fourier Analysis, wavelet analysis etc..Data storage can
To use a variety of file formats, make such as 1vm, txt, xls, further analyzes experiment using other professional softwares convenient for user
Data.
Above-mentioned technical proposal only embodies the optimal technical scheme of technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art
The principle of the present invention is embodied to some variations that some of them part may be made, belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that including power supply, load, arc generating device,
Control module, signal conditioning module and host computer；Wherein, the power supply, load, arc generating device form series loop,
The output end of the input terminal link control module of arc generating device, the output end connection signal conditioning module of arc generating device
Input terminal, signal conditioning module output end connection host computer input terminal；
The arc generating device, comprising: stepper motor, shaft coupling, screw rod, slid platform base, first baffle, second baffle,
First long connecting rod, the second long connecting rod, bakelite insulation box body, pressure sensor, spring, the first short connecting rod, the second short connecting rod, first
Temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, third temperature sensor, fixed contact pedestal, electromagnet stent, electromagnet coil, dynamic touching
Headstock, static contact, moving contact, cable bolt electrode, high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager, voltage sensor and current sensor；
The stepper motor output shaft passes through a side end face of slid platform base, and passes through one end of shaft coupling connection wire rod, silk
The other end of bar passes through another side end face that first baffle is fixed on slid platform base by bearing, leads between screw rod and first baffle
Cross threaded connection；
The first baffle and second baffle is respectively provided with there are two through-hole, and bakelite insulation booth is fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod
Body interior side end, the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially passes through a through-hole of first baffle and one of second baffle is led to
Hole, and it is fixed on bakelite insulation another side of tray interior；Second long connecting rod is set side by side with the first long connecting rod, and second
Bakelite insulation one side of tray interior is fixed in one end of long connecting rod, and the other end of the second long connecting rod sequentially passes through first baffle
Another through-hole of another through-hole and second baffle, and it is fixed on bakelite insulation another side of tray interior；First baffle and second
Baffle is slided in bakelite insulation tray interior along the first long connecting rod and the second long connecting rod；
The first baffle is provided with moving contact by movable contact block, and second baffle is provided with static contact by fixed contact pedestal,
And static contact is oppositely arranged with moving contact；The end of movable contact block and the end of fixed contact pedestal are provided with cable bolt electrode；
Electromagnet coil is arranged by electromagnet stent in movable contact block；The first temperature sensor, second are respectively arranged on fixed contact pedestal
Temperature sensor and third temperature sensor；
The pressure sensor by the first short connecting rod and the second short connecting rod be fixed on second baffle and bakelite insulate box body it
Between, and spring is provided on the second short connecting rod；The fixed contact pedestal upper end is disposed with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature
Sensor and third temperature sensor are spent, is provided with electricity between the cable bolt electrode and moving contact cable bolt electrode of static contact
The side of pressure sensor, current sensor and current-limiting resistance, static contact and moving contact is provided with high-speed camera and infrared thermal imagery
Instrument；
The control module, including measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcontroller, stepper motor driver, keyboard input module and
Liquid crystal display；
Wherein, the measuring contact resistance circuit both ends pass through respectively two switch connection static contacts cable bolt electrode and
The cable of moving contact bolts electrode, the measuring contact resistance circuit, including the first triode, the second triode, the three or three
Pole pipe, the 4th triode, a measuring resistance, first voltage table and second voltage table, wherein the base stage of the first triode,
Base stage, the base stage of third transistor of two triodes connect single-chip microcontroller, the current collection of the first triode with the base stage of the 4th triode
Pole connects the collector of the 4th triode, and connects one end of measuring resistance simultaneously, and the emitter of the 4th triode connects third
The emitter of triode, and be grounded simultaneously, the collector of the collector connection third transistor of the second triode, and connect simultaneously
The cable of moving contact bolts electrode, and the emitter of the first triode connects the emitter of the second triode, and connects power supply simultaneously
Internal adjustable power of direct current；The cable of the other end connection static contact of the measuring resistance bolts electrode；Described first
Voltmeter connects the both ends of measuring resistance, and the cable of cable bolt electrode and moving contact that second voltage table connects static contact bolts
Electrode.
2. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that the electricity
Magnet coil can be replaced arc extinguishing grid pieces or permanent magnet.
3. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that the electricity
Source, including adjustable power of direct current with exchange regulated power supply.
4. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that described is negative
It carries, including ohmic load, inductive load and capacitive load.
5. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that described is upper
Position machine, PC machine and display including onboard data capture card.
6. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that pressure sensing
The output of the output end of device, the output end of the first temperature sensor, the output end of second temperature sensor, third temperature sensor
It holds, the output end connection signal conditioning module of the output end of high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager.
7. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that the list
Piece machine is based on measuring contact resistance circuit, measures contact resistance using impulse method, obtains contact resistance and pressure characteristic.
8. a kind of device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 and electrical contact experimental provision, which is characterized in that using switch
The measuring contact resistance method that electric appliance electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision carry out, comprising the following steps:
The cable of step 1, the cable bolt electrode for being closed static contact and moving contact bolts two, electrode switches；
Step 2, control stepper motor, contact moving contact and static contact；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact and static contact both ends are acquired by pressure sensor；
Step 4, single-chip microcontroller control the second triode and the shutdown of the 4th triode, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal makes the
One triode and third transistor are connected in short-term；
Step 5 adjusts adjustable power of direct current, increases the short-time current for passing through moving contact and static contact；
Step 6, the voltage value that standard resistor at two terminals is acquired by first voltage table, obtain the electric current for passing through moving contact and static contact
Value；
Step 7, the voltage value that moving contact and static contact both ends are acquired by second voltage table；
Step 8 obtains moving contact and static contact with the electric current for flowing through contact according to the moving contact and static contact both end voltage measured
Between contact resistance；
Step 9, single-chip microcontroller control the first triode and third transistor shutdown, while single-chip microcontroller generates short pulse signal makes the
Two triodes and the 4th triode are connected in short-term, return step 5 to step 8；
Step 10 repeats step 4 to step 9, obtains the contact resistance repeatedly measured, averages and obtain final contact
Resistance；
Pressure size between step 11, adjusting moving contact and static contact repeats step 4 to step 10, obtains contact resistance
With pressure characteristic.
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| CN107271864B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-02-14 | 沈阳工业大学 | Multifunctional arc experimental device |
| CN107271894B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-12-24 | 沈阳工业大学 | Bridge type direct current contactor parameter simulation platform |
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| JP2001294406A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Ozone generating device and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101487877A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-07-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric arc test method and apparatus for contact head disjunction of switch apparatus |
| KR20140071711A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | 희성금속 주식회사 | Evaluation reliability apparatus for electrical contact point material |
| CN105021981A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2015-11-04 | 河北工业大学 | Switching device arc experiment device |
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| JP2001294406A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Ozone generating device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN200941346Y (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-08-29 | 西安开天铁路牵引电器有限公司 | Electromagnetic arc blower of a.c. electromagnetic contactor |
| CN101487877A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2009-07-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric arc test method and apparatus for contact head disjunction of switch apparatus |
| KR20140071711A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | 희성금속 주식회사 | Evaluation reliability apparatus for electrical contact point material |
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