CN106646166A - Switching device electric arc and electric contact experimental facility and contact resistance measuring method - Google Patents
Switching device electric arc and electric contact experimental facility and contact resistance measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646166A CN106646166A CN201611223265.3A CN201611223265A CN106646166A CN 106646166 A CN106646166 A CN 106646166A CN 201611223265 A CN201611223265 A CN 201611223265A CN 106646166 A CN106646166 A CN 106646166A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a switching device electric arc and electric contact experimental facility and a contact resistance measuring method, and belongs to the contact switching device electric arc and electric contact technical field; one teaching experimental facility can finish various feature tests of electric device heating, electric arc and electric contact theory, thus effectively reducing experiment cost, easily maintaining experiment equipment, and providing favorable conditions for teacher and students of the major to develop electric device basic theory experiment and teaching; according to existing electric device arc and electric contact theory teaching contents, the following tests can be realized: 1, DC current arc static and dynamic voltage current feature test under different load conditions; 2, DC arc extinguishing principle test; 3, AC arc dynamic voltage current feature test; 4, AC arc extinguishing principle test; 5, contact resistance feature measuring test; 6, [phi]-[theta] theory verification test; 7, electric device heating feature test under different working mechanisms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to contact switch electric appliance electric arc and electrical contact technology field, and in particular to a kind of device for switching electric arc with
Electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method.
Background technology
The basic theory of electrical equipment is very crucial with selection for the design of device for switching；At present there are Jin30Yu Suo colleges and universities in the whole nation
Bachelor degree open up《Electrical Appliances》、《High and low voltage electrical equipment》It is heating, electric power, the electricity of student's instruction device for switching Deng course
The basic theory such as arc and electrical contact, electromagnetic system.However, the electric arc of device for switching is stronger with the theoretical property of Electric contact theory, non-
It is often abstract, it is simple to make student's understanding get up extremely difficult by the theory teaching on classroom, it is difficult to obtain preferable teaching efficiency,
Directly influence the training quality of this Major.In order to further deepen understanding of the student to electric arc and Electric contact theory, carry
Application power of the high student to learned basic theory, in particular with " learning aid " continuous development of the reform, student for enhancing
The hope of technical ability of itself starting is more and more stronger, under such overall background, is highly desirable to carry out the reality of electrical equipment basic theory
Test teaching.However, for various reasons, all kinds of electric appliance teaching experimental provisions in the market or electricity is not involved with completely
The experimental project of device basic theory, or performance it is single, equipment and instrument is spuious and is only capable of completing a kind of electrical equipment basic theory
Characteristic test, it is impossible to meet the needs of electrical equipment basic theory experimental teaching.Therefore, a kind of perfect in shape and function, integrated level are developed high, just
In the experiment device for teaching for integrating the characteristic test such as device for switching heating, electric arc and Electric contact theory safeguarded be very must
Want.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of device for switching electric arc with electrical contact experimental provision and contact
Resistance measurement method, using a set of experiment device for teaching multiple characteristic realities of the heating of electrical equipment, electric arc, Electric contact theory are realized
Test, can effectively reduce experimental cost and facilitate the maintenance of experimental facilities, be that this professional teachers and students carries out electrical equipment basic theory
Experimental teaching provides advantage.
A kind of device for switching electric arc with electrical contact experimental provision, including power supply, load, arc generating device, control module,
Signal-regulated kinase and host computer；Wherein, described power supply, load, arc generating device composition series loop, electric arc is filled
The output end of the input link control module put, the output end of arc generating device connects the input of Signal-regulated kinase,
The output end of Signal-regulated kinase connects the input of host computer；
Described arc generating device, including：Stepper motor, shaft coupling, screw mandrel, slid platform base, first baffle, second gear
Plate, the first long connecting rod, the second long connecting rod, bakelite insulation box body, pressure sensor, spring, the first short connecting rod, the second short connecting rod,
First temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, three-temperature sensor, fixed contact pedestal, electromagnet stent, electromagnet coil,
Movable contact block, static contact, moving contact, cable bolt electrode, high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager, voltage sensor and electric current are passed
Sensor；
Described stepper motor output shaft passes through a side end face of slid platform base, and by the one of shaft coupling connection wire rod
End, the other end of screw mandrel is fixed on another side end face of slid platform base, screw mandrel and first baffle through first baffle by bearing
Between be threaded connection；
Described first baffle and second baffle is provided with two through holes, and it is exhausted that bakelite is fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod
The side of edge tray interior one, the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially passes through a through hole of first baffle and one of second baffle
Through hole, and it is fixed on another side of bakelite insulation tray interior；The second described long connecting rod is set up in parallel with the first long connecting rod, the
The bakelite insulation side of tray interior one is fixed in one end of two long connecting rods, and the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially passes through first baffle
Another through hole and second baffle another through hole, and be fixed on bakelite insulation another side of tray interior；First baffle and
Two baffle plates prolong the first long connecting rod in bakelite insulation tray interior and the second long connecting rod slides；
Described first baffle is provided with moving contact by movable contact block, and second baffle is provided with stationary contact by fixed contact pedestal
Head, and static contact is oppositely arranged with moving contact；The end of movable contact block and the end of fixed contact pedestal are provided with cable bolt electricity
Pole；Movable contact block arranges electromagnet coil by electromagnet stent；Be respectively arranged with fixed contact pedestal the first temperature sensor,
Two temperature sensors and three-temperature sensor；
Described pressure sensor is fixed on second baffle and bakelite insulation booth by the first short connecting rod and the second short connecting rod
Between body, and spring is provided with the second short connecting rod；Described movable contact block upper end be disposed with the first temperature sensor,
Two temperature sensors and three-temperature sensor, are arranged between the cable bolt electrode and moving contact cable bolt electrode of static contact
The side for having voltage transformer, current transformer and current-limiting resistance, static contact and moving contact is provided with high-speed camera and infrared
Thermal imaging system.
Described control module, including measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driver, key-press input mould
Block and liquid crystal display；
Wherein, described measuring contact resistance circuit two ends are respectively by the cable bolt electricity of two switch connection static contacts
The cable bolt electrode of pole and moving contact, described measuring contact resistance circuit, including the first triode, the second triode, the
Three triodes, the 4th triode, measuring resistance, first voltage table and a second voltage table, wherein, the base of the first triode
The base stage connection single-chip microcomputer of pole, the base stage of the second triode, the base stage of the 3rd triode and the 4th triode, the first triode
Colelctor electrode connects the colelctor electrode of the 4th triode, and while one end of connection standard resistance, the emitter stage connection of the 4th triode
The emitter stage of the 3rd triode, and while ground connection, the colelctor electrode of the second triode connects the colelctor electrode of the 3rd triode, and while
Connection moving contact electrode interface, the emitter stage of the first triode connects the emitter stage of the second triode, and while connects in power supply
The adjustable power of direct current in portion；The other end connection static contact electrode interface of described measuring resistance；Described first voltage table connects
Connect the two ends of measuring resistance, the cable bolt electrode of second voltage table connection static contact and the cable bolt electrode of moving contact.
Described electromagnet coil, can be replaced arc extinguishing grid pieces or permanent magnet.
Described power supply, including adjustable power of direct current with exchange regulated power supply.
Described load, including ohmic load, inductive load and capacitive load.
Described host computer, including the PC and display of onboard data capture card.
The output end of pressure sensor, the output end of the first temperature sensor, the output end of second temperature sensor, the 3rd
The output end connection Signal-regulated kinase of the output end of temperature sensor, the output end of high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager.
Described single-chip microcomputer, based on measuring contact resistance circuit, using impulse method contact resistance is measured, and obtains contact resistance
With pressure characteristic.
The measuring contact resistance method carried out with electrical contact experimental provision using device for switching electric arc, is comprised the following steps：
Two switches of step 1, the electrode interface of closure static contact and moving contact electrode interface；
Step 2, control stepper motor, make moving contact and static contact contact；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact and static contact two ends are gathered by pressure sensor；
Step 4, the triode of Single-chip Controlling second and the 4th triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal
The first triode and the 3rd triode is set to turn in short-term；
Step 5, regulation dc source, increase is by moving contact and the short-time current of static contact；
Step 6, the magnitude of voltage that standard resistor at two terminals is gathered by first voltage table, are obtained by moving contact and static contact
Current value；
Step 7, the magnitude of voltage that standard moving contact and static contact two ends are gathered by second voltage table；
Step 8, according to the moving contact that measures and static contact both end voltage and flow through the electric current of contact and obtain moving contact and quiet
Contact resistance between contact；
Step 9, the triode of Single-chip Controlling first and the 3rd triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal
The second triode and the 4th triode is set to turn in short-term, return to step 5 is to step 8；
Step 10, step 4 being repeated to step 9, obtaining the contact resistance of repeatedly measurement, acquisition of averaging is final
Contact resistance；
Pressure size between step 11, regulation moving contact and static contact, repeat step 4 to step 9 obtains contact electricity
Resistance and pressure characteristic.
Advantage of the present invention：
The present invention proposes a kind of device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision and measuring contact resistance method, using a set of
Experiment device for teaching realizes heating, electric arc, multiple characteristic tests of Electric contact theory of electrical equipment, can effectively reduce testing into
This and facilitate the maintenance of experimental facilities, the experimental teaching for carrying out electrical equipment basic theory for this professional teachers and students provides advantage；
For current electrical equipment electric arc and the Electric contact theory content of courses, the present invention can carry out following experiment item：(1) different loads bar
Static, the dynamic Volt-Ampere Characteristic of direct-current arc under part；(2) direct-current arc extinguishes Experiment of Principle；(3) alternating current arc dynamic volt
Peace characteristic test；(4) alternating current arc arc quenching principle experiment；(5) contact resistance behavior measurement experiment；(6) Φ-θ theoretical validations reality
Test；(7) the electrical heating characteristic test under different operating system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision structured flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, its
In, 1- host computers (contain capture card), 2- displays, 3- capacitive loads, 4- ohmic loads, 5- inductive loads, 6- exchange adjustable electrics
Source, 7- adjustable power of direct current, 8- Signal-regulated kinases, 9- control modules, 10- arc generating devices, 11- high-speed cameras and red
Outer thermal imaging system, 12- bakelites base 12；
Fig. 3 is the frame for movement schematic diagram of the arc generating device of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 13- stepper motors,
14- shaft couplings, 15- screw mandrels, the long connecting rods of 16- first, 17- first baffles, 18- movable contact blocks, 19- electromagnet stents, 20- first
Temperature sensor, 21- fixed contact pedestals, 22- second baffles, 23- pressure sensors, the short connecting rods of 24- first, the short connecting rods of 25- second,
26- springs, 27- static contacts, 28- moving contacts, the long connecting rods of 29- second, 30- slid platform bases, 31- bakelites insulation box body, 32- electromagnetism
Iron coil, 33- cables bolt electrode；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the arc extinguishing grid pieces of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the measuring contact resistance principle schematic of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the control module of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the measuring contact resistance method flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
An embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, device for switching electric arc and electrical contact experimental provision, including power supply
(including adjustable power of direct current 7 with exchange regulated power supply 6), load (including ohmic load 4, inductive load 5 and capacitive load 3),
Arc generating device 10, control module 9, the Signal-regulated kinase 8, (PC and display including onboard data capture card of host computer 1
Device 2) and bakelite base 12；
In the embodiment of the present invention, data collecting card need to meet 8 passages, 12 precision；Display is used to show that host computer is soft
Part, can show by the data of each sensor transmissions, and can carry out depth calculation；Load blocks are by electric capacity, inductance, electricity
Resistance composition, can within the specific limits realize that power factor is adjustable；Capacitive load 3 is using the electric capacitor with many capacitances, electricity
Resistance load 4 adopts 5kw, 10 Ω adjustable resistances, inductive load 5 to adopt 20A, 10mH inductance；Power module include AC10KW/0～
250V exchanges regulated power supply 6 and DC60V/50A adjustable power of direct current 7；Signal-regulated kinase 8 is included to contact voltage, power supply electricity
Pressure, loop current, contact, the detection of the operating tempera-ture signal of contact near-end, filtering, amplitude limit and amplification；Control module 9 is wrapped
Include LCD MODULE, keyboard input module, driving stepper motor module, power electronic switching module etc.；Bakelite base 12 is used
Insulation, raising security performance in device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, power supply, load, the composition series loop of arc generating device 10, arc generating device 10
The output end of input link control module 9, the output end of arc generating device 10 connects the input of Signal-regulated kinase 8,
The output end of Signal-regulated kinase 8 connects the input of host computer 1；
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, arc generating device 10 includes：Stepper motor 13, shaft coupling 14, screw mandrel
15th, slid platform base 30, first baffle 17, second baffle 22, the first long connecting rod 16, the second long connecting rod 29, bakelite insulation box body 31,
Pressure sensor 23, spring 26, the first short connecting rod 24, the second short connecting rod 25, the first temperature sensor 20, second temperature sensing
It is device, three-temperature sensor, fixed contact pedestal 21, electromagnet stent 19, electromagnet coil 32, movable contact block 18, static contact 27, dynamic
Contact 28, cable bolts electrode 33, high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager 11, voltage sensor (as shown in Figure 1) and electric current is passed
Sensor (as shown in Figure 1)；
In the embodiment of the present invention, stepper motor 13 adopts 57 stepper motors；Contact voltage and power supply voltage signal are using high
Precision electromagnetic potential transformer detects that loop current signals are detected using Hall-type current sensor, contact signal
MIK-LCS1 types pressure sensor detects that contact near-end temperature signal is detected using gasket type PT100；High-speed camera and infrared
Thermal imaging system 11 is selected according to actual conditions；Pressure sensor 23 selects 0～3kg ranges, and static contact 27 and moving contact 28 are by diameter
The contact of the various materials of below 25mm is replaced；Electromagnet is made up of the electromagnet coil 32 of the sum of electromagnet stent 19, and coil may be used also
To be replaced by permanent magnet, electromagnet mechanism can be replaced by arc extinguishing grid pieces (as shown in Figure 4)；
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, a side end face of the output shaft of stepper motor 13 through slid platform base 30, and
By one end of the connection wire rod 15 of shaft coupling 14, the other end of screw mandrel 15 is fixed on slide unit bottom through first baffle 17 by bearing
Another side end face of seat 30, is threaded connection between screw mandrel 15 and first baffle 17；Described first baffle 17 and second gear
Plate 22 is provided with two through holes, and bakelite insulation box body 31 interior side end, the first length are fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod 16
The other end of connecting rod 16 sequentially passes through a through hole of first baffle 17 and a through hole of second baffle 22, and is fixed on bakelite
Another side in the inside of insulation box body 31；The second described long connecting rod 29 is set up in parallel with the first long connecting rod 16, the second long connecting rod 29
One end be fixed on bakelite insulation box body 31 interior side end, the other end of the first long connecting rod 16 sequentially passes through first baffle 17
Another through hole of another through hole and second baffle 22, and it is fixed on another side in the inside of bakelite insulation box body 31；First baffle 17
Prolong the first long connecting rod 16 inside bakelite insulation box body 31 with second baffle 22 and the second long connecting rod 29 slides；
Described movable contact block 18 is installed by the screwed hole on first baffle 17, and moving contact 28 is pacified by way of jackscrew
It is mounted in movable contact block 18, fixed contact pedestal 21 is installed by the screwed hole of second baffle 22, and static contact 27 is by way of jackscrew
In fixed contact pedestal 21；And static contact 27 is oppositely arranged (shape size of contact can be adjusted) with moving contact 28；It is dynamic
The end of contact base 18 and the end structure of fixed contact pedestal 21 are screw thread rod-shapes, are cable bolt electrodes；Movable contact block 18 leads to
Cross electromagnet stent 19 and electromagnet coil 32 is set；The first temperature sensor, second temperature are respectively arranged with fixed contact pedestal 21
Sensor and three-temperature sensor；
Described pressure sensor one end by the first short connecting rod 24 be fixed on bakelite insulate box body 31 on, the other end with
Second short connecting rod 25 connects, and the second short connecting rod 25 is provided with buffer spring 26, and the second short connecting rod 25 is by second baffle 22
Small through hole, can be with activity；Second quarter butt 25 and spring 26 make buffer module；The described upper end of movable contact block 18 is disposed with
First temperature sensor 20, second temperature sensor and three-temperature sensor, the cable bolt electrode of static contact 27 is touched with dynamic
Voltage transformer, current transformer and current-limiting resistance, static contact 27 and moving contact 28 are provided between 28 cables bolt electrode
Side be provided with high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager 11；
In the embodiment of the present invention, the output end of pressure sensor 23, output end, the second temperature of the first temperature sensor 20
The output end of the output end of sensor, the output end of three-temperature sensor, the output end of high-speed camera and thermal infrared imager
Connection Signal-regulated kinase 8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, control module 9, including measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor 13 drive
Device, keyboard input module and liquid crystal display 2；Control module 9 is using AVRmega16 single-chip microcomputers as main control chip；Single-chip microcomputer
Inside carries PWM and module occurs, and the frequency for adjusting PWM by button carries out speed governing to stepper motor；The wherein drive of stepper motor
Dynamic device is using 256 drivers for segmenting, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide single step distance fine enough, and operational factor can be in liquid crystal display
Show in module 12864；The operational factors such as motor speed, traffic direction and operational mode can be changed by button；In order to more
Good simulation actual cable run duration vibration condition that may be present, on the basis of stepper motor reciprocating motion pattern
Set up a kind of vibration mode；The general principle of vibration mode is：2 layers of random number are produced using single-chip microcomputer, it is one layer of mapping direction, another
One layer of mapping speed, can so produce a kind of random vibration.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, described measuring contact resistance circuit (present invention adopts BTS7960) two
The cable that end bolts electrode and moving contact 28 by the cable of two switch connection static contacts 27 respectively bolts electrode, and described connects
Tactile resistance measuring circuit, including the first triode Q1, the second triode Q2, the 3rd triode Q3, the 4th triode Q4, a mark
Quasi- resistance, first voltage table and second voltage table, wherein, the base stage of the first triode Q1, the base stage of the second triode Q2, the 3rd
The base stage connection single-chip microcomputer of the base stage of triode Q3 and the 4th triode Q4, the colelctor electrode of the first triode Q1 connects the four or three pole
The colelctor electrode of pipe Q4, and while one end of connection standard resistance, the emitter stage of the 4th triode Q4 connects the 3rd triode Q3's
Emitter stage, and while ground connection, the colelctor electrode of the second triode Q2 connects the colelctor electrode of the 3rd triode Q3, and while connection is dynamic tactile
28 electrode interfaces, the emitter stage of the first triode Q1 connects the emitter stage of the second triode Q2, and while connects power source internal
Adjustable power of direct current 7；The other end connection electrode interface of static contact 27 of described measuring resistance；Described first voltage table connects
Connect the two ends of measuring resistance, the cable bolt electrode of second voltage table connection static contact 27 and the cable bolt electricity of moving contact 28
Pole.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve during conventional four-end method measurement contact resistance because of touching that long-time energization is caused
Hair heat problem, the present invention uses impulse method measurement contact resistance instead, and as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, single-chip microcomputer is based on measuring contact resistance
Circuit, using impulse method contact resistance is measured, and obtains contact resistance and pressure characteristic, specifically includes following steps：
Two switches of step 1, the electrode interface of closure static contact 27 and the electrode interface of moving contact 28；
Step 2, control stepper motor 13, contact moving contact 28 and static contact 27；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact 28 and the two ends of static contact 27 are gathered by pressure sensor 23；
Step 4, the triode of Single-chip Controlling second and the 4th triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal
The first triode and the 3rd triode is set to turn in short-term；
Step 5, regulation dc source, increase is by moving contact 28 and the short-time current of static contact 27；
Step 6, the magnitude of voltage that standard resistor at two terminals is gathered by first voltage table, are obtained by moving contact 28 and static contact
27 current value；
Step 7, the magnitude of voltage that standard moving contact 28 and the two ends of static contact 27 are gathered by second voltage table；
Step 8, according to the moving contact 28 that measures and the both end voltage of static contact 27 and flow through the electric current of contact and obtain moving contact
Contact resistance between 28 and static contact 27；
Step 9, the triode of Single-chip Controlling first and the 3rd triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal
The second triode and the 4th triode is set to turn in short-term, return to step 5 is to step 8；
Step 10, step 4 being repeated to step 9, obtaining the contact resistance of repeatedly measurement, acquisition of averaging is final
Contact resistance；
Pressure size between step 11, regulation moving contact 28 and static contact 27, repeat step 4 is connect to step 9
Get an electric shock resistance and pressure characteristic.
Arc characteristic includes alternating current arc characteristic test and direct-current arc characteristic test, and the present invention is with direct-current arc characteristic reality
Method of operating is illustrated as a example by testing：
Arc generating device 10 produces electric arc by the way of arcing, by dc source 7 and different types of load (electric capacity
3rd, resistance 4, inductance 5) connect as a loop with the cable bolt mouth 33 of arc generating device 10.Set by control module 9
The speed of stepper motor 13, direction and operational mode；It is assumed herein that Manual Mode, setting speed is 0.1mm/s.Direction is two
The detached direction of contact.After opening D/C power, the electric current of contact can be flow through by the observation of the display 2 of PC host computers and be touched
The voltage at head two ends, while preserving experimental data so as to post analysis.When static arc characteristic is studied, crawl button is first pressed
Contact is separated, is stopped when there is electric arc to occur, continue to increase contact distance after arc stability burning a period of time.Different
Electric arc arc length is different under the conditions of voltage, electric current, loadtype, contact material and contact diameter etc., make arcing distance different.Arcing
Distance is determined by actual conditions.In experimentation when observe electric arc stable state combustion when corresponding contact pitch be arcing away from
From.The temperature signal for flowing through the current signal, the voltage signal at contact two ends and contact of contact is passed by Signal-regulated kinase 8
Deliver in PC host computers (1) and processed and shown；When research trends arc characteristic, moving contact 28 is pulled to make electric arc from product
Give birth to, burn until extinguish, while being recorded to arcing process using high-speed camera 11.Can be arranged by control module 9
The speed and operational mode of stepper motor, by adjust moving contact 24 separating rate, load (electric capacity 3, resistance 4, inductance 5) and
Power supply (dc source 7, alternating current 6), studies the dynamic and static arc characteristic under the conditions of different circuit.
Arc extinction Experiment of Principle includes the experiment of electromagnetism arc blow-out and the experiment of grid arc extinguishing；The present invention is still with direct-current arc extinguishing
Method of operating is illustrated as a example by experiment：
When carrying out direct-current arc and extinguish experiment according to the mode of electromagnetism arc blow-out, first with it is described produce one it is stable
Direct-current arc, now electromagnet coil 32 is without electric current, not with arc blow-out effect.When direct-current arc is stably burnt, electromagnetism is made
The coil 32 of iron is powered, and producing electromagnetic force makes camber so as to extinguish.Can be obtained not with the coil current of regulating magnet
With arc quenching characteristic during magnetic field intensity.According to grid arc extinguishing mode carry out direct-current arc extinguish experiment when, need to whetheing there is
Experimental phenomena during grid arc extinguishing is contrasted；Electric arc is being produced without grid time control braking contact 28, the burning of electric arc is being observed
Situation；When using grid, control moving contact 28 produces electric arc, and the combustion case of electric arc is observed again.By contrasting twice
The arc quenching characteristic of interpretation arc extinguishing grid pieces.
A set of host computer application software of independent development is installed in the PC host computers 1 of the present invention.The software is adopted
LabVIEW development environments, write using G language, with experimental data collection and display, data analysis, data storage function.It is real
Testing data includes contact voltage between moving contact 28 and static contact 27, supply voltage, flows through moving contact 28 and static contact 27
The operating temperature near contact and contact resistance, the contact point of static contact 27 between electric current, moving contact 28 and static contact 27,
Specific experiment data required for each experimental project are determined by experiment content.Data display can using oscillogram, block diagram,
The multiple display modes such as pie chart, real-time curve, history curve, data sheet.Data analysis includes entering the waveform of experimental data
Row time domain, frequency domain, the analysis of time-frequency domain, such as Fourier analysis, Short Time Fourier Analysis, wavelet analysis etc..Data storage can
Using various file formats, to make such as 1vm, txt, xls, it is easy to user further to analyze experiment using other professional softwares
Data.
Above-mentioned technical proposal only embodies the optimal technical scheme of technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Some of which part is made some variation embody the present invention principle, belong to protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of device for switching electric arc with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that including power supply, load, arc generating device,
Control module, Signal-regulated kinase and host computer；Wherein, described power supply, load, arc generating device composition series loop,
The output end of the input link control module of arc generating device, the output end connection Signal-regulated kinase of arc generating device
Input, the output end of Signal-regulated kinase connects the input of host computer；
Described arc generating device, including：Stepper motor, shaft coupling, screw mandrel, slid platform base, first baffle, second baffle,
First long connecting rod, the second long connecting rod, bakelite insulation box body, pressure sensor, spring, the first short connecting rod, the second short connecting rod, first
Temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, three-temperature sensor, fixed contact pedestal, electromagnet stent, electromagnet coil, dynamic touch
Headstock, static contact, moving contact, cable bolt electrode, high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager, voltage sensor and current sensor；
Described stepper motor output shaft passes through a side end face of slid platform base, and by one end of shaft coupling connection wire rod, silk
The other end of bar is fixed on another side end face of slid platform base through first baffle by bearing, leads between screw mandrel and first baffle
Cross threaded connection；
Described first baffle and second baffle is provided with two through holes, and bakelite insulation booth is fixed in one end of the first long connecting rod
Body interior side end, the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially passes through a through hole of first baffle and one of second baffle leads to
Hole, and it is fixed on another side of bakelite insulation tray interior；The second described long connecting rod is set up in parallel with the first long connecting rod, and second
The bakelite insulation side of tray interior one is fixed in one end of long connecting rod, and the other end of the first long connecting rod sequentially passes through first baffle
Another through hole of another through hole and second baffle, and it is fixed on another side of bakelite insulation tray interior；First baffle and second
Baffle plate prolongs the first long connecting rod in bakelite insulation tray interior and the second long connecting rod slides；
Described first baffle is provided with moving contact by movable contact block, and second baffle is provided with static contact by fixed contact pedestal,
And static contact is oppositely arranged with moving contact；The end of movable contact block and the end of fixed contact pedestal are provided with cable bolt electrode；
Movable contact block arranges electromagnet coil by electromagnet stent；Be respectively arranged with fixed contact pedestal the first temperature sensor, second
Temperature sensor and three-temperature sensor；
Described pressure sensor by the first short connecting rod and the second short connecting rod be fixed on second baffle and bakelite insulate box body it
Between, and it is provided with spring on the second short connecting rod；Described movable contact block upper end is disposed with the first temperature sensor, second warm
Degree sensor and three-temperature sensor, between the cable bolt electrode and moving contact cable bolt electrode of static contact electricity is provided with
The side of pressure transformer, current transformer and current-limiting resistance, static contact and moving contact is provided with high-speed camera and infrared thermal imagery
Instrument.
2. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described control mould
Block, including measuring contact resistance circuit, single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driver, keyboard input module and liquid crystal display；
Wherein, described measuring contact resistance circuit two ends respectively by two switch connection static contacts cables bolt electrodes and
Moving contact cable bolt electrode, described measuring contact resistance circuit, including the first triode, the second triode, the three or three
Pole pipe, the 4th triode, measuring resistance, first voltage table and a second voltage table, wherein, the base stage of the first triode,
The base stage connection single-chip microcomputer of the base stage of two triodes, the base stage of the 3rd triode and the 4th triode, the current collection of the first triode
Pole connects the colelctor electrode of the 4th triode, and while one end of connection standard resistance, the emitter stage connection the 3rd of the 4th triode
The emitter stage of triode, and while ground connection, the colelctor electrode of the second triode connects the colelctor electrode of the 3rd triode, and while connects
Moving contact electrode interface, the emitter stage of the first triode connects the emitter stage of the second triode, and while connects power source internal
Adjustable power of direct current；The other end connection static contact electrode interface of described measuring resistance；Described first voltage table connection mark
The two ends of quasi- resistance, the cable bolt electrode of second voltage table connection static contact and the cable bolt electrode of moving contact.
3. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described electromagnet
Coil, can be replaced arc extinguishing grid pieces or permanent magnet.
4. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described power supply,
Including adjustable power of direct current with exchange regulated power supply.
5. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described load,
Including ohmic load, inductive load and capacitive load.
6. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described is upper
Machine, including the PC and display of onboard data capture card.
7. device for switching electric arc according to claim 1 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that pressure sensor
Output end, the output end of the first temperature sensor, the output end of second temperature sensor, the output end of three-temperature sensor,
The output end of high-speed camera and the output end connection Signal-regulated kinase of thermal infrared imager.
8. device for switching electric arc according to claim 2 with electrical contact experimental provision, it is characterised in that described monolithic
Machine, based on measuring contact resistance circuit, using impulse method contact resistance is measured, and obtains contact resistance and pressure characteristic.
9. the measuring contact resistance method for being carried out with electrical contact experimental provision using the device for switching electric arc described in claim 1,
Characterized in that, comprising the following steps：
Two switches of step 1, the electrode interface of closure static contact and moving contact electrode interface；
Step 2, control stepper motor, make moving contact and static contact contact；
Step 3, the pressure that moving contact and static contact two ends are gathered by pressure sensor；
Step 4, the triode of Single-chip Controlling second and the 4th triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal makes the
One triode and the 3rd triode are turned in short-term；
Step 5, regulation dc source, increase is by moving contact and the short-time current of static contact；
Step 6, the magnitude of voltage that standard resistor at two terminals is gathered by first voltage table, obtain the electric current by moving contact and static contact
Value；
Step 7, the magnitude of voltage that standard moving contact and static contact two ends are gathered by second voltage table；
Step 8, according to the moving contact that measures and static contact both end voltage and flow through the electric current of contact and obtain moving contact and static contact
Between contact resistance；
Step 9, the triode of Single-chip Controlling first and the 3rd triode shut-off, while single-chip microcomputer produces short pulse signal makes the
Two triodes and the 4th triode are turned in short-term, and return to step 5 is to step 8；
Step 10, step 4 is repeated to step 9, obtain the contact resistance of repeatedly measurement, average and obtain final contact
Resistance；
Step 11, adjust pressure size between moving contact and static contact, repeat step 4 to step 9, obtain contact resistance with
Pressure characteristic.
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| CN107271864A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | Multifunctional arc experimental provision |
| CN111537852A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-14 | 宁波公牛电器有限公司 | High-precision AC/DC arc testing device |
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| CN106646166B (en) | 2019-10-11 |
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