CN101487877A - Electric arc test method and apparatus for contact head disjunction of switch apparatus - Google Patents
Electric arc test method and apparatus for contact head disjunction of switch apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101487877A CN101487877A CNA200910071434XA CN200910071434A CN101487877A CN 101487877 A CN101487877 A CN 101487877A CN A200910071434X A CNA200910071434X A CN A200910071434XA CN 200910071434 A CN200910071434 A CN 200910071434A CN 101487877 A CN101487877 A CN 101487877A
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a disjunction electric arc testing method for a switching electric appliance contact for providing effective guarantee for electric arc theoretical studies with even performance figures, high testing efficiency and reliable testing result, and a device thereof. The device consists of a mechanical system and a circuit system, which are connected. The disjunction electric arc testing method for the switching electric appliance contact and the device thereof comprise relay electric arc testing and simulated electric arc testing. The method and the device solve the problem that theoretical analysis or computed result is difficult to verify during the electric arc theoretical studies. The invention provides a relay electric arc testing method and a simulated relay electric arc testing method. The method and the device meet requirement for various testing conditions during electric arc testing, and solve the problems of low testing efficiency and poor confidence level of the testing result. For deep comprehending the arcing mechanism and analyzing the property of the electric arc, the invention further provide a method for quickly extinguishing arc to provide effective support for improving the performance and the reliability of a relay.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the arc test technology, is exactly a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test method and device thereof specifically
(2) background technology
Relay has been widely used in military and national economy all departments at present as a kind of Automatic Control Component, is one of indispensable primary element of industry and civil equipment institute of national defence sophisticated technology, advanced person.Relay lost efficacy and often brought great influence to system, so the relay life-span becomes the focus of people's research.The arc erosion that a key factor that influences the relay life-span produces when being the contact disjunction.The ablation situation that research contact arc burning brings, according to the ablation situation analysis influence life-span factor, predict that the life-span of relay has important in theory meaning and practical value.Yet the arc burning process is many coupled problems such as flow field, thermal field, electric field and magnetic field, and it is big to have the difficulty of finding the solution, and result of calculation is difficult to difficult problems such as checking.Therefore, the research of arc test device can be for deeply understanding arcing mechanism, analyze arc characteristic, and then the method that proposes quick arc extinguishing provides effective support to improve relay performance and reliability.
Because it is a lot of to influence the factor of arc test, the content of arc test is also just quite abundant.Experimental enviroment gas componant (pressing the mixed gas of different proportion), experimental enviroment pressure, contact breaking speed, arc power etc. as air, nitrogen, inert gas and they, all belong to the factor that influences arc burning, therefore need a large amount of tests to study their influences the arc burning generation.Each electric arc theoretical research mechanism has all launched the exploitation to the arc test device both at home and abroad, but conventional device all can only be carried out the test with the next item up or several influence factors, and the device performance index is uneven, test efficiency is low, the test findings confidence level can't guarantee, can't provide effective assurance for the electric arc theoretical research.For this reason, research one cover perfect in shape and function, high-efficiency reliable arc test device are very necessary.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of performance index are even, test efficiency is high, test findings is reliable, the device for switching contact breaking arc test method and the device thereof of effective assurance are provided for the electric arc theoretical research.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: it is made up of mechanical system 1 and Circuits System 2; Mechanical system 1 connecting circuit system 2.
Device for switching contact breaking arc test method of the present invention and device thereof also have following technical characterictic:
(1) described mechanical system 1 comprises gear unit 3, experimental enviroment control module 4, seal closure 5 and base 6; Seal closure 5 and base 6 are connected by screw, and gear unit 3 places in the sealed environment that seal closure 5 and base 6 constitute, and experimental enviroment control module 4 connects bases 6.
(2) described gear unit 3 comprises stepper motor 7, ball-screw 8, moving contact be installed mechanism 9, static contact be installed mechanism 10, rolling guide 11, slide block 12 and spring 13; Stepper motor 7 connects ball-screws 8, and the moving contact mechanism 9 that is installed connects rolling guides 11, and the static contact mechanism 10 that is installed connects bases 6, and rolling guide 11 connects ball-screws 8, and slide block 12 connects ball-screws 8, and spring 13 connects the moving contacts mechanism 9 that is installed.
(3) described experimental enviroment control module 4 comprises adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet 14, evacuator 15, inflator 16 and vacuum meter 17; Adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet 14 connects base 6, and evacuator 16 connects base 6, and inflator 16 connects base 6, and vacuum meter 17 connects base 6.
(4) described Circuits System 2 comprises signal conditioning circuit 18, data acquisition memory circuit 19, circuit for controlling motor 20, electric arc control circuit 21, microprocessor 22 and industrial computer 23; Signal conditioning circuit 18 connects data store circuit 19, and data acquisition memory circuit 19 connects industrial computer 23, and circuit for controlling motor 20 connects microprocessor 22, and electric arc control circuit 21 connects microprocessor 22, and microprocessor 22 connects industrial computer 23.
A kind of device for switching contact of the present invention breaking arc test method comprises relay arc test and simulation arc test.
A kind of device for switching contact of the present invention breaking arc test method also has following technical characterictic: (1) described relay arc test, and step is as follows:
Step 1: relay is fixed in the static contact mechanism 10 that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: seal closure 5 closely is connected with base 6, earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator 15, and with vacuum meter 17 monitoring system internal gas pressures; Utilize inflator 16 to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 4: microprocessor 22 sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit 21, feed circuit closure;
Step 5: microprocessor 22 pilot relays disconnect, and begin to gather contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, and signal is sent into data acquisition memory circuit 19 through behind the signal conditioning circuit 18;
Step 6: microprocessor 22 sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit 21, and feed circuit disconnect, off-test.
(2) described simulation arc test, step is as follows:
Step 1: static contact is fixed in the static contact mechanism 10 that is installed, moving contact is fixed in the moving contact mechanism 9 that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: industrial computer 23 sends signal to microprocessor 22, sets contact breaking speed and electric arc supply voltage and electric current;
Step 4: seal closure 5 closely is connected with base 6, earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator 15, and with vacuum meter 17 monitoring system internal gas pressures; Utilize inflator 16 to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 5: microprocessor 22 sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit 21, feed circuit closure;
Step 6: microprocessor 22 control step motors 7 begin to rotate, and slide block 12 first accelerated motions are to predetermined speed, again uniform motion until with moving contact mechanism's 9 collisions that are installed;
Step 7: slide block 12 and the moving contact mechanism 9 that is installed at the uniform velocity travels forward with former speed jointly, begins to gather contact voltage and current signal simultaneously under microcontroller 22 controls, and signal is sent into data acquisition memory circuit 19 through behind the signal conditioning circuit 18;
Step 8: slide block 12 and moving contact mechanism's 9 common uniform motion one segment distances that are installed reduce speed now behind arc extinction, and final stop motion, and microprocessor 22 sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit 21, the feed circuit disconnection;
Step 9: the counter-rotating of microprocessor 22 control step motors 7, slide block 12 returns initial position, and initial position is got back to by the moving contact mechanism 9 that is installed under spring 13 thrust.
Device for switching contact breaking arc test method of the present invention has solved the difficult problem that theoretical analysis in the electric arc theoretical research process or result of calculation are difficult to verify.The present invention proposes a kind of relay arc test method and a kind of analogue relay arc test method.Use device can be tested different air pressure, blanket gas, breaking speed, contact voltage and contact current and have electric arc electrical characteristics under the magnetic field arc blow-out situation of varying strength at three dimensions; satisfied in the arc test process the requirement of various test conditions, solved that test efficiency is low, the problem of test findings confidence level difference.The present invention can be for deeply understanding arcing mechanism, analyze arc characteristic, and then the method that proposes quick arc extinguishing provides effective support to improve relay performance and reliability.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this mechanical system structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a circuit system structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
(5) embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Described mechanical system (1) comprises gear unit (3), experimental enviroment control module (4), seal closure (5) and base (6); Seal closure (5) is connected by screw with base (6), and gear unit (3) places in the sealed environment of seal closure (5) and base (6) formation, and experimental enviroment control module (4) connects base (6).
Described gear unit (3) comprises stepper motor (7), ball-screw (8), moving contact be installed mechanism (9), static contact be installed mechanism (10), rolling guide (11), slide block (12) and spring (13); Stepper motor (7) connects ball-screw (8), the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed connects rolling guide (11), the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed connects base (6), rolling guide (11) connects ball-screw (8), slide block (12) connects ball-screw (8), and spring (13) connects the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed.
Described experimental enviroment control module (4) comprises adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14), evacuator (15), inflator (16) and vacuum meter (17); Adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) connects base (6), and evacuator (16) connects base (6), and inflator (16) connects base (6), and vacuum meter (17) connects base (6).
Described Circuits System (2) comprises signal conditioning circuit (18), data acquisition memory circuit (19), circuit for controlling motor (20), electric arc control circuit (21), microprocessor (22) and industrial computer (23); Signal conditioning circuit (18) connects data store circuits (19), data acquisition memory circuit (19) connects industrial computer (23), circuit for controlling motor (20) connects microprocessor (22), electric arc control circuit (21) connects microprocessor (22), and microprocessor (22) connects industrial computer (23).
Embodiment 2, and in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, device for switching contact breaking arc test method of the present invention comprises relay arc test and simulation arc test.
Described relay arc test, step is as follows:
Step 1: relay is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 4: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) pilot relay disconnects, and begins data acquisition contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, sends into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 6: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect, off-test.
Described simulation arc test, step is as follows:
Step 1: static contact is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed, moving contact is fixed in the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: industrial computer (23) sends signal to microprocessor (22), sets contact breaking speed and electric arc supply voltage and electric current;
Step 4: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 6: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) begins to rotate, and the first accelerated motion of slide block (12) is to predetermined speed, again uniform motion until with moving contact mechanism (9) collision that is installed;
Step 7: slide block (12) and the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed at the uniform velocity travels forward with former speed jointly, under microcontroller (22) control, begin to gather contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, send into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 8: slide block (12) and moving contact common uniform motion one segment distance of mechanism (9) that is installed reduces speed now behind arc extinction, and final stop motion, and microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect;
Step 9: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) counter-rotating, slide block (12) returns initial position, and initial position is got back to by the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed under spring (13) thrust.
Job step is as follows when carrying out the relay arc test:
Step 1: relay is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 4: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) pilot relay disconnects, and begins data acquisition contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, sends into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 6: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect, off-test.
Job step is as follows when simulating arc test:
Step 1: static contact is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed, moving contact is fixed in the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: industrial computer (23) sends signal to microprocessor (22), sets contact breaking speed and electric arc supply voltage and electric current;
Step 4: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 6: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) begins to rotate, and the first accelerated motion of slide block (12) is to predetermined speed, again uniform motion until with moving contact mechanism (9) collision that is installed;
Step 7: slide block (12) and the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed at the uniform velocity travels forward with former speed jointly, under microcontroller (22) control, begin to gather contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, send into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 8: slide block (12) and moving contact common uniform motion one segment distance of mechanism (9) that is installed reduces speed now behind arc extinction, and final stop motion, and microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect;
Step 9: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) counter-rotating, slide block (12) returns initial position, and initial position is got back to by the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed under spring (13) thrust.
Embodiment 4, in conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment is made up of seal closure (5), base (6), stepper motor (7), ball-screw (8), moving contact be installed mechanism (10), rolling guide (11), slide block (12), spring (13), adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14), evacuator (15), inflator (16) and the vacuum meter (17) of mechanism (9), static contact that be installed.In the arc test process, the arcing gaseous environment is controlled by evacuator (15), vacuum meter (17) and inflator (16).For the visuality of warranty test process, seal closure (5) material adopts organic glass.Seal closure (5) adopts screw to be connected with base (6), and accompanies pad between the two to guarantee sealing.In order to reduce the frictional resistance of motion, turn-screw adopts ball-screw (8), and guide rail adopts rolling guide (11).Ball-screw (8), rolling guide (11) link together by securing member and are fixed on the base (6).Constant or constant substantially in order to guarantee slide block (12) and moving contact mechanism (9) the collision back speed that is installed, the quality of slide block (12) is far longer than the be installed quality of mechanism (9) of moving contact, and motor can provide enough big torque.Adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet has three, places the three-dimensional coordinate space orthogonal in twos, and each permanent magnet adjustable positions in one direction, and regulative mode is a manual adjustments, range of adjustment 2 ~ 10cm.The effect of spring (13) is to guarantee that perfect inelastic collision takes place in slide block (12) and the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed, and promptly collides the latter two speed unanimities, and can utilize spring thrust to make the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed get back to initial position automatically after the collision.Base is equipped with pressure terminal on (6), and whole mechanical system (1) is connected by pressure terminal with Circuits System (2) by plug, and the signal wire that Circuits System is drawn is introduced in the mechanical system by pressure terminal.
Embodiment 5, and in conjunction with Fig. 2, present embodiment comprises signal conditioning circuit (18), data acquisition memory circuit (19), circuit for controlling motor (20), electric arc control circuit (21), microprocessor (22) and industrial computer (23).For the current waveform of the voltage waveform that can obtain two ends, contact in the arcing process and the contact of flowing through, utilize data acquisition memory circuit (19) to gather storage contact voltage and current waveform data in real time.Because contact voltage and current amplitude are bigger, in order to satisfy data collecting card the requirement of input signal is guaranteed sampling precision simultaneously, utilize signal conditioning circuit (18) respectively contact voltage and current signal amplitude are adjusted to 0 ~ ± the 5V scope in.(0 ~ 270V), employing dividing potential drop method is carried out signal condition for the contact voltage signal.For the contact current signal (0 ~ 250A), utilize sampling resistor that current signal is converted to voltage signal, nurse one's health through auto-gain circuit according to big young pathbreaker's voltage signal of signal amplitude again, send into then in the data acquisition memory circuit (19).Obtain contact voltage and current data in each process of the test by data acquisition memory circuit (19).Data acquisition memory circuit (19) adopts the pci bus technology, and entire circuit is integrated in an integrated circuit board and inserts in the pci bus slot of industrial computer (23).This data collecting card main control chip adopts PCI9054, high sampling rate 1MSPS, and analog input signal voltage range ± 5V, resolution 2mV supports inside and outside two kinds of trigger modes.In order to guarantee the synchronism of signals collecting and electric arc arcing, this device adopts the external trigger pattern.Microprocessor (22) is drawn pulse signal, direction control signal and off line signal by the IO mouth and is sent into start and stop, rotating speed and the direction of coming the control step motor in the circuit for controlling motor (20).In order to guarantee the controllability of electric arc current supply circuit, in circuit, seal in electric power MOSFET, by electric arc control circuit (21) thus the break-make of control electric power MOSFET is controlled the break-make of whole electric arc current supply circuit.
Claims (8)
1. device for switching contact breaking arc test method and device thereof, it is made up of mechanical system (1) and Circuits System (2); It is characterized in that: mechanical system (1) connecting circuit system (2).
2. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test unit according to claim 1, described mechanical system (1) comprises gear unit (3), experimental enviroment control module (4), seal closure (5) and base (6); It is characterized in that: seal closure (5) is connected by screw with base (6), and gear unit (3) places in the sealed environment of seal closure (5) and base (6) formation, and experimental enviroment control module (4) connects base (6).
3. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test unit according to claim 2, described gear unit (3) comprise stepper motor (7), ball-screw (8), moving contact be installed mechanism (9), static contact be installed mechanism (10), rolling guide (11), slide block (12) and spring (13); It is characterized in that: stepper motor (7) connects ball-screw (8), the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed connects rolling guide (11), the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed connects base (6), rolling guide (11) connects ball-screw (8), slide block (12) connects ball-screw (8), and spring (13) connects the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed.
4. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test unit according to claim 2, described experimental enviroment control module (4) comprises adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14), evacuator (15), inflator (16) and vacuum meter (17); It is characterized in that: adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) connects base (6), and evacuator (16) connects base (6), and inflator (16) connects base (6), and vacuum meter (17) connects base (6).
5. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test unit according to claim 1, described Circuits System (2) comprises signal conditioning circuit (18), data acquisition memory circuit (19), circuit for controlling motor (20), electric arc control circuit (21), microprocessor (22) and industrial computer (23); It is characterized in that: signal conditioning circuit (18) connects data store circuits (19), data acquisition memory circuit (19) connects industrial computer (23), circuit for controlling motor (20) connects microprocessor (22), electric arc control circuit (21) connects microprocessor (22), and microprocessor (22) connects industrial computer (23).
6. device for switching contact breaking arc test method is characterized in that: device for switching contact breaking arc test method comprises relay arc test and simulation arc test.
7. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test method according to claim 6, described relay arc test, step is as follows:
Step 1: relay is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 4: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) pilot relay disconnects, and begins data acquisition contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, sends into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 6: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect, off-test.
8. a kind of device for switching contact breaking arc test method according to claim 6, described simulation arc test, step is as follows:
Step 1: static contact is fixed in the static contact mechanism (10) that is installed, moving contact is fixed in the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed;
Step 2: system initialization, regulate adjustable arc blow-out permanent magnet (14) position according to testing requirements;
Step 3: industrial computer (23) sends signal to microprocessor (22), sets contact breaking speed and electric arc supply voltage and electric current;
Step 4: seal closure (5) closely is connected with base (6), earlier takes out the interior air of most sealing system with evacuator (15), and with vacuum meter (17) monitoring system internal gas pressure; Utilize inflator (16) to charge into gas again in the gas componant and the ratio of this testing requirements;
Step 5: microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), feed circuit closure;
Step 6: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) begins to rotate, and the first accelerated motion of slide block (12) is to predetermined speed, again uniform motion until with moving contact mechanism (9) collision that is installed;
Step 7: slide block (12) and the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed at the uniform velocity travels forward with former speed jointly, under microcontroller (22) control, begin to gather contact voltage and current signal simultaneously, send into data acquisition memory circuit (19) behind the signal process signal conditioning circuit (18);
Step 8: slide block (12) and moving contact common uniform motion one segment distance of mechanism (9) that is installed reduces speed now behind arc extinction, and final stop motion, and microprocessor (22) sends control signal and gives electric arc control circuit (21), and feed circuit disconnect;
Step 9: microprocessor (22) control step motor (7) counter-rotating, slide block (12) returns initial position, and initial position is got back to by the moving contact mechanism (9) that is installed under spring (13) thrust.
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EP0429159A3 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-12-18 | Louis S. Polster | Relay with arc sensor |
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