CN106644172A - Thermocouple cold-end thermostat device for portable field calibration and control method thereof - Google Patents
Thermocouple cold-end thermostat device for portable field calibration and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106644172A CN106644172A CN201710049064.4A CN201710049064A CN106644172A CN 106644172 A CN106644172 A CN 106644172A CN 201710049064 A CN201710049064 A CN 201710049064A CN 106644172 A CN106644172 A CN 106644172A
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- thermostat
- temperature
- semiconductor cooler
- circuit
- thermocouple cold
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/005—Calibration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/002—Calibrated temperature sources, temperature standards therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/30—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature
- G05D23/32—Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature with provision for adjustment of the effect of the auxiliary heating device, e.g. a function of time
Abstract
The invention relates to a thermocouple cold-end thermostat device for portable field calibration and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermocouple cold-end constant temperature control. The thermocouple cold-end thermostat device includes a 0-degree-centigrade thermostat and a control system. The 0-degree-centigrade thermostat includes a temperature equalizer, a semiconductor cooler, a thermistor and a semiconductor cooler radiator-cooler. The control system comprises four thermistor temperature sensors, a conditioning circuit, a microcontroller, four TEC driving circuits, a keyboard circuit, an LCD display circuit and a ZigBee module. The thermocouple cold-end thermostat method sets eight modes for the operation of the semiconductor cooler. The control system has high temperature uniformity and stability, completely meets the temperature field requirements of a thermocouple calibration reference-end thermostat, and is small in size, easy to carry, and suitable for field calibration because of the temperature equalizer and modular design,.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermocouple cold junction thermostatic control technology field, is related to a kind of portable field verification cold thermocouple
End thermostat and its control method.
Background technology
Currently a popular semiconductor zero degree automatic constant-temperature, using the structure for the cold end of thermocouple being inserted directly into 0 DEG C of thermal field.
There is following deficiency in the device:The hot junction of semiconductor cooler adopts water-cooling pattern, in-convenience in use;Employ analog circuit
Regulatory PID control mode controls silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), to adjust the operating current of semiconductor cooler, by hard-wired routine
PID control, its proportionality coefficient, derivative time and integration time constant are fixed, it is difficult to obtain Optimal Control quality;Measurement bridge
The natural aging of road resistive element, floats when its parameter can be produced, and making controlled temperature produce certain deviation after Long-Time Service affects
The degree of accuracy of calibrating.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to be directed to defect and the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art is present, a kind of portable field is proposed
Verification thermocouple cold junction thermostat and control method, energy effectively solving thermocouple cold junction field-checking problem, Control platform
Preferably control is obtained, the degree of accuracy of verification can be effectively lifted.
The technical scheme is that:Thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:
The thermocouple cold junction thermostat is made up of 0 DEG C of thermostat and control system;0 DEG C of thermostat by samming device, half
Conductor refrigerator, thermistor, semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation cooler and heat-barrier material are connected and composed;The semiconductor cooler
It is made up of tetra- refrigerators of TEC1, TEC2, TEC3, TEC4, four refrigerators are separately mounted to the samming device all around
On four faces, the thermistor is made up of tetra- thermistors of T1, T2, T3, T4, and four thermistors are embedded in and arrange
In the upper surface of the samming device, the semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation cooler is arranged on the outer of every semiconductor cooler
Side, the heat-barrier material is arranged in the stainless steel casing of thermostat, is being installed per the interposition of two thermistors
There is thermocouple patchhole;The control system drives electricity by thermistor temperature sensor, modulate circuit, microcontroller, TEC
Road, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and ZigBee module composition;The temperature sensor, semiconductor cooler and samming device envelope
Dress constitutes integrated package.
The samming device is to be fabricated to be shaped as cuboid by 6101 aluminium alloys, and section is the samming device of positive square.
The specification of tetra- refrigerators of described TEC1, TEC2, TEC3, TEC4 is identical, and samming device and four refrigerators connect
Contacting surface scribbles thermal conductive silicon lipid layer, increases its heat conductivility.
Tetra- thermistor specifications of described T1, T2, T3, T4 are identical, and insert depth is 3~10mm, to realize to temperature
Accurate measurement.
The semiconductor cooler selects TEC-12703, and maximum temperature difference electric current is 3A, and peak power is 28W, by control
The sense of current of refrigerator realizes refrigeration and heats conversion.
The heat-barrier material is wrapped up with heatpiston's foam, and thickness is 3~5 centimetres, installed in the stainless steel of thermostat
Inside the shell.
The thermistor temperature sensor for negative temperature coefficient thermistor 103AT, temperature-measuring range:- 10~+60
℃。
The modulate circuit includes thermistor linearizer, thermistor RT and R1, R2 and R3+RP1 composition electric bridges
Voltage follower, the differential amplifier of operational amplifier U2 compositions that circuit, operational amplifier U1 are constituted.
The TEC drive circuits include the signal of the D/A converter DAC0832 outputs that operational amplifier A 1 and A2 are constituted
Bipolar analog voltage conversion circuit, power tube Q1 and Q2 constitute power amplification circuit composition;Bipolar analog voltage turns
Change circuit to realize using LM224 operational amplifiers and peripheral circuit;Power amplification circuit constitutes complementary amplification from FZT power tubes
Circuit, realizes High-current output.
A kind of portable field verification control method of thermocouple cold junction thermostat, it is characterised in that control
Method is as follows:
(1) work of semiconductor cooler is set into 8 kinds of patterns;
(2) when Current Temperatures T1 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, single-chip microcomputer is changed defeated after PID arithmetic through D/A
Go out analog voltage, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1, i.e. refrigerator TEC1 and TEC2 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(3) when Current Temperatures T2 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 2, i.e. refrigerator
TEC2 and TEC3 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(4) when Current Temperatures T3 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 3, i.e. refrigerator
TEC1 and TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(5) when Current Temperatures T4 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 4, i.e. refrigerator
TEC3 and TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(6) Current Temperatures Ti (i=1,2,3,4) less than setting minimum temperature Tn when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation
5th, 6,7,8, i.e. semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1,2,3,4 work and heat power mode.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:Thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification proposed by the present invention
And its control method, its apparatus structure is novel, and control method clear principle, thermocouple cold junction thermostat includes 0 DEG C of constant temperature dress
Put and control system, 0 DEG C of thermostat dissipates including samming device, semiconductor cooler, thermistor and semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation
Cooler, control system includes 4 identical thermistor temperature sensors of embedded samming device, modulate circuit, microcontroller
Device, the identical TEC drive circuits in 4 roads, keyboard circuit, LCD display circuit and ZigBee module are constituted.Wherein, temperature is passed
Sensor, TEC refrigerators, the encapsulation of samming device constitute integrated package.Thermocouple cold junction constant-temperature control method, including TEC semiconductor systems
The work of cooler is set to 8 kinds of patterns.System can realize that samming device temperature is down to 0 DEG C in 8min by 25 DEG C, hereafter substantially
Fluctuation in ± 0.06 DEG C of temperature range is maintained at, the retention time 6h of samming device temperature, temperature control effect is good, and accuracy of temperature control reaches
0.05℃.The temperature of the control system has higher temperature uniformity and stability, is entirely capable of meeting calibration of thermocouple reference
The thermal field requirement of end thermostat, simultaneously because using samming device and modularized design, it is easy to carry with small volume, it is easy to existing
The characteristics of field calibration is used.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 0 DEG C of thermostat of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of thermostatic control system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is thermistor (temperature) sensor modulate circuit schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is TEC driver circuit schematic diagrams in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is control method software flow block diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that design sketch is tested in the present invention.
In figure:Samming device 1, semiconductor cooler 2, thermistor 3, semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation cooler 4, heat-barrier material
5th, thermocouple patchhole 6, RTD 7, modulate circuit 8, microcontroller 9, TEC drive circuits 10, keyboard circuit 11,
LCD display circuit 12, ZigBee module 13.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1-2, thermocouple cold junction thermostat, thermocouple cold junction thermostat are used in a kind of portable field verification
It is made up of 0 DEG C of thermostat and control system;0 DEG C of thermostat by samming device 1, semiconductor cooler 2, thermistor 3, partly lead
Chiller radiator and cooler 4 and heat-barrier material 5 are connected and composed;Semiconductor cooler 2 is by TEC1, TEC2, TEC3, TEC4 tetra-
Refrigerator is constituted, and four refrigerators are separately mounted on four faces all around of samming device 1, thermistor 3 by T1, T2, T3,
Tetra- thermistors of T4 are constituted, and four thermistors 3 are embedded in the upper surface for being arranged on samming device 1, semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation
Cooler 4 is arranged on the outside of each semiconductor cooler 2, and heat-barrier material 5 is arranged in the stainless steel casing of thermostat,
Thermocouple patchhole 6 is provided with per the centre position of two thermistors 3;Control system is by thermistor temperature sensor 7, conditioning
Circuit 8, microcontroller 9, TEC drive circuits 10, keyboard circuit 11, LCD display circuit 12 and ZigBee module 13 are constituted;Temperature
The encapsulation of sensor 7, semiconductor cooler 2 and samming device 1 constitutes integrated package.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, and samming device 1 is by 6101
Aluminium alloy is fabricated to and is shaped as cuboid, and section is the samming device of positive square.Tetra- specifications of TEC1, TEC2, TEC3, TEC4 are identical
Refrigerator, samming device 1 and four refrigerator contact surfaces scribble thermal conductive silicon lipid layer, increase its heat conductivility.T1, T2, T3, T4 tetra-
The specification of thermistor 3 is identical, and insert depth is 3~10mm, to realize the accurate measurement to temperature.Semiconductor cooler 2 is selected
With TEC-12703, maximum temperature difference electric current is 3A, and peak power is 28W, by control the sense of current of refrigerator realize refrigeration and
Heat conversion.Heat-barrier material 5 is wrapped up with heatpiston's foam, and thickness is 3~5 centimetres, outside the stainless steel of thermostat
In shell.Thermistor temperature sensor 7 for negative temperature coefficient thermistor 103AT, temperature-measuring range:- 10~+60 DEG C.Conditioning
Circuit 8 includes thermistor linearizer, thermistor RT and R1, R2 and R3+RP1 composition bridge circuits, operational amplifier
Voltage follower, the differential amplifier of operational amplifier U2 compositions that U1 is constituted.TEC drive circuits 10 include operational amplifier
Bipolar analog voltage conversion circuit, the power tube Q1 and Q2 structure of the signal of the D/A converter DAC0832 outputs that A1 and A2 is constituted
Into power amplification circuit composition;Bipolar analog voltage conversion circuit is realized using LM224 operational amplifiers and peripheral circuit;
Power amplification circuit constitutes complementary amplifying circuit from FZT power tubes, realizes High-current output.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, a kind of portable field verification control method of thermocouple cold junction thermostat, control method
It is as follows:
(1) work of semiconductor cooler is set into 8 kinds of patterns;
(2) when Current Temperatures T1 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, single-chip microcomputer is changed defeated after PID arithmetic through D/A
Go out analog voltage, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1, i.e. refrigerator TEC1 and TEC2 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(3) when Current Temperatures T2 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 2, i.e. refrigerator
TEC2 and TEC3 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(4) when Current Temperatures T3 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 3, i.e. refrigerator
TEC1 and TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(5) when Current Temperatures T4 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 4, i.e. refrigerator
TEC3 and TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(6) Current Temperatures Ti (i=1,2,3,4) less than setting minimum temperature Tn when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation
5th, 6,7,8, i.e. semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1,2,3,4 work and heat power mode.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of control method of portable field verification with thermocouple cold junction thermostat, 4 complete phases
Same thermistor temperature sensor 7, selects the thermistor 103AT of negative temperature coefficient.Temperature-measuring range:- 10~+60 DEG C, spirit
Sensitivity:41mV/ DEG C, output voltage excursion:0~2.89V;
Thermistor temperature sensor modulate circuit 8, including thermistor linearizer, thermistor RTWith R1、R2And
R3+RP1Voltage follower, the differential amplifier of operational amplifier U2 compositions that composition bridge circuit, operational amplifier U1 are constituted.
Thermistor linearizer carries out Linearized correction using voltage system.Output voltage V0Linear compensation electricity
Hinder for R1.According to formula:Can obtain:R1=7.892k Ω.Calculate RTAnd R1After series connection
Resistance value VOUT。
May certify that:T and VOUTIt is linear approximate relationship.
Bridge circuit is by thermistor RTWith R1、R2And R3+RP1Composition bridge circuit, realizes thermistor turning to voltage
Change, when bridge balance, bridge output voltage is zero, when temperature is raised, thermistor RTResistance decrease, Va rises, a, b two
Point potential difference (Va-Vb)>0.2 potential differences of operational amplifier U2 output voltages and a, b are directly proportional change;
Voltage follower is made up of operational amplifier OP07, realizes voltage follow and impedance conversion;
Differential amplifier is made up of operational amplifier OP07 and its peripheral circuit, and according to design requirement, thermistor is -10
DEG C when, RTa(- 10 DEG C)=42.45k Ω, bridge output voltage is 0, according to bridge balance condition.Can obtain:Take:R2=10k Ω, then:RP1+R3=53.788k Ω=46.988k Ω+6.8k Ω.When electric bridge not
During balance, the bridge output voltage when temperature is 60 DEG C is:
Operational amplifier A2Output voltage is:Take RF=RI1=RI2=150k Ω.In -10~+60 DEG C of models
In enclosing, sensitivity of thermometry S is:
Microcontroller 9 includes outside A/D and D/A converter using PIC16F778 digitial controllers;Described A/D conversions
Device adopts AD1674, described D/A converter to adopt DAC0832.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of control method of portable field verification with thermocouple cold junction thermostat, the complete phase in 4 roads
Same TEC drive circuits 10 include the bipolar of the signal of the D/A converter DAC0832 outputs that operational amplifier A 1 and A2 are constituted
Property analog voltage change-over circuit, power tube Q1 and Q2 constitute power amplification circuit composition.Described bipolar analog voltage turns
Change circuit to realize using LM224 operational amplifiers and peripheral circuit;Described power amplification circuit is constituted mutual from FZT power tubes
Amplifying circuit is mended, High-current output is realized.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of portable field verification control method of thermocouple cold junction thermostat, is included in control
Thermocouple cold junction thermostatic control algorithm is realized using C language software programming on system hardware platform.All programs of systems soft ware
Using Modular Structure Design, it is made up of a main program and some subprograms.Subprogram include A/D and D/A conversion programs,
PID control program, Zigbee communication program, keyboard arrange program and show program.Main program is realized by call subroutine
System temperature survey, control and display function.
During system starts, single-chip microcomputer is started first, system is initialized, then call the sub- journey of temperature survey
Sequence, reads current measurement temperature Ti, and is shown;Then call keyboard subprogram, reads maximum temperature Tm and most of setting
Low temperature Tn, and send LCD to show, last single-chip microcomputer according to the magnitude relationship of design temperature and Current Temperatures after PID arithmetic,
It is analog voltage amount to export D/A converter, and this voltage is being processed through refrigeration drive circuit, the different operating to TEC
The driving of pattern, realizes temperature control.Temperature control adopts pid control algorithm.When temperature differs larger with design temperature, no
PID control is introduced, is freezed entirely or is heated, when testing at the scene, realize fastest response;When temperature difference is less, draw
Enter pid control algorithm.
As shown in fig. 6, a kind of control method of portable field verification with thermocouple cold junction thermostat, systems soft ware calculation
Method measured result on a hardware platform.According to existing thermocouple calibration regulatory requirements, the thermal field index one of reference edge thermostat
As be defined as 0 DEG C of temperature, the temperature difference is ± 0.1 DEG C, and environment temperature is maintained at 22~25 DEG C in experimentation.During test, by samming
Device temperature is set in 0 DEG C, records the temperature of four temperature sensors on samming device over time, and Fig. 6 is exactly in above bar
The test result of the wherein temperature sensor temperature change obtained under part, knowable to test record, samming device temperature is in 8m
It is interior to be down to 0 DEG C by 25 DEG C, hereafter substantially remain in ± 0.06 DEG C of temperature range and fluctuate, the retention time 6h of samming device temperature,
Temperature control effect is good, and accuracy of temperature control reaches 0.05 DEG C.The as shown by data of test, the temperature of the control system has higher temperature
The uniformity and stability, the thermal field for being entirely capable of meeting calibration of thermocouple reference edge thermostat is required, simultaneously because using samming device
And modularized design, it is easy to carry with small volume, the characteristics of be easy to field calibration to use.
Claims (10)
1. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The thermocouple cold junction constant temperature dress
Put and be made up of 0 DEG C of thermostat and control system;0 DEG C of thermostat is by samming device (1), semiconductor cooler (2), temperature-sensitive
Resistance (3), semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation cooler (4) and heat-barrier material (5) are connected and composed;The semiconductor cooler (2) by
Tetra- refrigerators of TEC1, TEC2, TEC3, TEC4 are constituted, and four refrigerators are separately mounted to the samming device (1) all around
On four faces, the thermistor (3) is made up of tetra- thermistors of T1, T2, T3, T4, and four thermistors (3) are embedding
Enter the upper surface for being arranged on the samming device (1), the semiconductor cooler for heat dissipation cooler (4) is installed in described per only partly leading
The outside of chiller (2), the heat-barrier material (5) is arranged in the stainless steel casing of thermostat, per two heat
The centre position of quick resistance (3) is provided with thermocouple patchhole (6);The control system is by thermistor temperature sensor (7), tune
Reason circuit (8), microcontroller (9), TEC drive circuits (10), keyboard circuit (11), LCD display circuit (12) and ZigBee moulds
Block (13) is constituted;The encapsulation of the temperature sensor (7), semiconductor cooler (2) and samming device (1) constitutes integrated package.
2. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The samming device (1) is to pass through
6101 aluminium alloys are fabricated to and are shaped as cuboid, and section is the samming device of positive square.
3. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The TEC1, TEC2, TEC3,
The specification of tetra- refrigerators of TEC4 is identical, and samming device (1) and four refrigerator contact surfaces scribble thermal conductive silicon lipid layer, increase it
Heat conductivility.
4. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:Tetra- heat of described T1, T2, T3, T4
Quick resistance (3) is identical, and insert depth is 3~10mm, to realize the accurate measurement to temperature.
5. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:Semiconductor cooler (2) choosing
With TEC-12703, maximum temperature difference electric current is 3A, and peak power is 28W, by control the sense of current of refrigerator realize refrigeration and
Heat conversion.
6. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The heat-barrier material (5) is with heat-insulated
Plastic foam is wrapped up, and thickness is 3~5 centimetres, in the stainless steel casing of thermostat.
7. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The thermistor temp sensing
Device (7) for negative temperature coefficient thermistor 103AT, temperature-measuring range:- 10~+60 DEG C.
8. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:The modulate circuit (8) is including heat
The voltage that quick linear resistor circuit, thermistor RT and R1, R2 and R3+RP1 composition bridge circuits, operational amplifier U1 are constituted
The differential amplifier that follower, operational amplifier U2 are constituted.
9. thermocouple cold junction thermostat is used in a kind of portable field verification, it is characterised in that:TEC drive circuits (10) bag
Include the signal of the D/A converter DAC0832 outputs that operational amplifier A 1 and A2 are constituted bipolar analog voltage conversion circuit,
The power amplification circuit composition that power tube Q1 and Q2 are constituted;Bipolar analog voltage conversion circuit adopts LM224 operational amplifiers
And peripheral circuit is realized;Power amplification circuit constitutes complementary amplifying circuit from FZT power tubes, realizes High-current output.
10. it is a kind of to be verified with the control of thermocouple cold junction thermostat using a kind of portable field as claimed in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that control method is as follows:
(1) work of semiconductor cooler is set into 8 kinds of patterns;
(2) when Current Temperatures T1 is higher than maximum temperature Tm for setting, single-chip microcomputer exports mould after PID arithmetic through D/A conversions
Intend voltage, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1, i.e. refrigerator TEC1 and TEC2 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(3) Current Temperatures T2 higher than setting maximum temperature Tm when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 2, i.e. refrigerator TEC2 and
TEC3 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(4) Current Temperatures T3 higher than setting maximum temperature Tm when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 3, i.e. refrigerator TEC1 and
TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(5) Current Temperatures T4 higher than setting maximum temperature Tm when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 4, i.e. refrigerator TEC3 and
TEC4 refrigeration work consumption patterns;
(6) Current Temperatures Ti (i=1,2,3,4) less than setting minimum temperature Tn when, semiconductor cooler mode of operation 5,6,7,
8, i.e. semiconductor cooler mode of operation 1,2,3,4 work and heat power mode.
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