CN106642800B - LNG (liquefied Natural gas) gasification cold energy refrigeration house system and cold energy recovery method thereof - Google Patents
LNG (liquefied Natural gas) gasification cold energy refrigeration house system and cold energy recovery method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106642800B CN106642800B CN201710059596.6A CN201710059596A CN106642800B CN 106642800 B CN106642800 B CN 106642800B CN 201710059596 A CN201710059596 A CN 201710059596A CN 106642800 B CN106642800 B CN 106642800B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of LNG (liquefied natural gas) gas cooling energy recovery, in particular to an LNG gasification cooling energy refrigeration house system which comprises a latent heat recovery tower, a sensible heat recovery tower and a refrigerating device, wherein a process valve, a third switch valve and a fourth pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged on an air inlet pipe, the third switch valve is communicated on the latent heat recovery tower through a pipeline, the lower end of the latent heat recovery tower is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank through a flowmeter, the first pressure regulating valve is connected with a pressure transmitter through a lead, and the lower end of the sensible heat recovery tower is communicated with the first refrigerant storage tank through the flowmeter; one side of the reheating tower is communicated with two discharge pipes, one of the discharge pipes is provided with a second pressure regulating valve, the discharge pipe is connected with a main gas supply pipe pressure regulating device, and the other discharge pipe is provided with a third pressure regulating valve. The cold energy full recovery safety chain further improves the safety of the device, has large operation elasticity, and can stably run at high load and low load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of LNG cold energy recovery, in particular to an LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system and a cold energy recovery method thereof.
Background
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a low-temperature liquid mixture obtained by deacidifying and dehydrating natural gas and then liquefying the natural gas by a deep freezing process. The LNG contains huge cold energy, mainly latent heat of gasification in the gasification process, and if the latent heat of gasification is not utilized, the energy is greatly wasted. Feasibility researches show that if the cold energy of a 350-kiloton/year LNG project can be fully utilized, the total economic benefit can reach 4 million yuan/year. Currently, in LNG receiving stations and LNG vaporizing stations, seawater or air is mainly used as a heat source for LNG vaporization, and a heating furnace is used as a supplementary heat source for LNG regasification. The LNG absorbs heat from the seawater or air, i.e., releases cold to the seawater or air, thereby gasifying it into combustible natural gas. The cold energy resources of LNG are not utilized in the conventional gasification process and pose potential environmental threats. With the shortage of global petroleum resources and the continuously intensified environmental pollution, the application of natural gas with small pollution, good combustion performance and rich reserves is more and more extensive, and the recycling of LNG cold energy has a very good development prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of low cold energy recovery rate, high energy consumption, complex operation and the like in the prior art, and provides an LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system and a cold energy recovery method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
designing an LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system, which comprises a latent heat recovery tower, a sensible heat recovery tower, a reheating tower and a refrigerating device, wherein the latent heat recovery tower, the sensible heat recovery tower and the reheating tower are sequentially communicated, the latent heat recovery tower is communicated with an air inlet pipe, a process valve, a third switch valve and a fourth pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe, the third switch valve is communicated with the latent heat recovery tower through a pipeline, the lower end of the latent heat recovery tower is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank through a flowmeter, the first refrigerant storage tank is communicated with the refrigerating device through an air pipe, and a second switch valve and a first refrigerant pump are sequentially arranged on the air pipe;
the sensible heat recovery tower is communicated with the refrigerating device through an air pipe, a first switch valve and a first pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the air pipe between the sensible heat recovery tower and the refrigerating device, the first pressure regulating valve is connected with a pressure transmitter through a lead, the pressure transmitter is arranged on the air pipe, and the lower end of the sensible heat recovery tower is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank through a flowmeter;
one side of the reheating tower is communicated with two discharge pipes, one of the discharge pipes is provided with a second pressure regulating valve, the discharge pipe is connected with a main gas supply pipe pressure regulating device, the other discharge pipe is provided with a third pressure regulating valve, the discharge pipe is connected to a water bath type gasifier, the discharge pipe is also provided with a temperature transmitter, one side of the reheating tower is also communicated with the refrigerating device through a pipeline, the reheating tower is also communicated with a second refrigerant storage tank through a pipeline, the second refrigerant storage tank is communicated with the refrigerating device through a pipeline, and a process valve and a second refrigerant pump are arranged on the pipeline between the second refrigerant storage tank and the refrigerating device;
liquid level switches are arranged in the latent heat recovery tower, the sensible heat recovery tower and the reheating tower, a liquid level meter, a pressure gauge and a temperature transmitter with control are further arranged on the first refrigerant storage tank, and pressure transmitters are arranged on the second refrigerant storage tank and the first refrigerant pump.
Preferably, refrigerating plant is including making the ice jar, cold-stored jar and a plurality of quick-freeze jar, the pipeline of making ice jar, cold-stored jar and a plurality of quick-freeze jar upper ends all is provided with the technology valve, and its lower extreme all is provided with the ooff valve, still is connected with pressure transmitter on the ooff valve, communicate between making ice jar and a plurality of quick-freeze jar, make the ice jar connect on apparent heat recovery tower, cold-stored jar intercommunication is on the tower of reheating.
Preferably, the latent heat recovery tower, the sensible heat recovery tower and the reheating tower are low-temperature heat exchange equipment, the three equipment are arranged in a cold box, and the cold box is filled with pearlife and is vacuumized and insulated, so that the loss of cold energy to air and the low-temperature protection to a human body are avoided.
Preferably, the latent heat recovery tower, the sensible heat recovery tower and the reheat tower adopt heat exchanger structures, and the refrigerating device adopts heat exchange tube structures such as an inner floating head, a U-shaped tube and a winding tube to ensure that the equipment cannot be damaged by stress deformation caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold due to low-temperature difference change.
Preferably, the latent heat recovery tower, the sensible heat recovery tower, the reheating tower and the first refrigerant storage tank form a cold energy recovery device, and a safety valve for natural gas and refrigerant medium is arranged in the cold energy recovery device, so that the safe and stable operation of the device system is ensured.
The invention also provides a cold energy recovery method of the LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, LNG from an LNG storage tank is connected in series step by step through a pipeline, a stop valve, an emergency cut-off valve and a regulating valve and enters a latent heat recovery tower, a sensible heat recovery tower and a reheat tower, and NG after gasification and heating is sent to a downstream unit through a pipeline;
s2, enabling the first refrigerant of the first refrigerant storage tank to enter a latent heat recovery tower and a sensible heat recovery tower and respectively exchange heat with NG in the latent heat recovery tower and the sensible heat recovery tower; the first refrigerant after being cooled enters an ice making and quick freezing unit in the freezing device to provide cold energy for the ice making and quick freezing unit, and the first refrigerant is pressurized and heated after being heated and then returns to a first refrigerant storage tank;
s3, the second refrigerant of the second refrigerant storage tank enters a reheating tower to exchange heat with NG in the reheating tower, the second refrigerant after heat exchange enters a refrigerating unit of the refrigerating device to provide cold energy for the refrigerating unit, and the second refrigerant returns to the first refrigerant storage tank after meeting the temperature rise;
s4, the latent heat recovery tower is provided with a liquid level control loop of liquefied natural gas, the loop controls the amount of LNG entering the latent heat recovery tower to be not more than the heat exchange capacity of equipment, the LNG evaporation is ensured to be uniformly distributed and evaporated on an inner membrane of the latent heat recovery tower, the LNG is prevented from silting in the latent heat tower, and the control of the loop ensures that liquid level refrigerant condensed in the latent heat recovery tower rapidly flows back to a refrigerant storage tank;
s5, a liquid level control loop and a temperature control loop are arranged on the sensible heat recovery tower, the temperature control loop controls the LNG amount entering the cold energy recovery device not to exceed the maximum heat exchange capacity of the sensible heat recovery device, the temperature of an outlet is normal, the liquid level control loop ensures that a refrigerant flows back to a refrigerant storage tank, a temperature and pressure control loop is arranged at the outlet of the reheating tower to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the reheated CNG can meet the requirements of downstream on fuel gas, and a temperature and pressure control loop arranged in a refrigeration house ensures the safe release of the cold energy of the refrigerant in the refrigeration house;
s6, determining that the quantity of LNG entering a cold energy recovery device corresponds to the demand quantity of downstream fuel gas by the particularity of process, equipment and control, transmitting cold energy released by LNG in gasification and temperature rise to a refrigeration house by a refrigerant for freezing food, ensuring the safety of the process and the equipment by the minimum residence quantity of the LNG and the refrigerant in the device, cutting off the feeding of the LNG and the refrigerant entering a storage tank when the device is stopped under an emergency condition, and blocking the heat exchange of NG and the refrigerant, wherein the device can be quickly in a safe state;
s7, cold energy generated in the process of gasifying the liquefied natural gas is converted into a first refrigerant and a second refrigerant, Freon R404A, R502 and R22, liquid ammonia and propane can be selected, and the requirements of refrigerating devices with different user requirements can be prepared by adjusting the pressure of a system through selecting different refrigerants.
Preferably, the refrigeration or cold storage temperature can be provided within the temperature range of-100 to 5 ℃, and the temperature for investment and construction of the low-temperature cold storage is generally recommended to be-35 to-15 ℃.
Preferably, the low-temperature heat exchange equipment for transferring heat through boiling and condensation of the intermediate medium has the advantages that the equipment and the process are patented, the problem of icing caused by direct contact of LNG and a heat source can be avoided, and the efficient heat transfer characteristic of the equipment is kept.
The LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system and the cold energy recovery method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. the process and the equipment are intrinsically safe;
2. fully recovering cold energy;
3. the automatic circulation power consumption is low;
4. the operation is full-automatic, and the operation is simple and convenient;
5. the safety of the device is further improved through automatic control and safety interlocking;
6. the device has large operation flexibility and can stably run at high load and low load.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration storage system provided by the invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a latent heat recovery tower 1, a sensible heat recovery tower 2, a reheating tower 3, a first refrigerant storage tank 4, a second refrigerant storage tank 5, a first refrigerant pump 6, a second refrigerant pump 7, a first switch valve 8, a first pressure regulating valve 9, a second switch valve 10, a cold storage tank 11, an ice making tank 12, a second pressure regulating valve 13, a third pressure regulating valve 14, a pressure transmitter 15, a quick freezing tank 16, a process valve 17, a temperature transmitter 18, a pressure gauge 19, a flowmeter 20, a third switch valve 21 and a fourth pressure regulating valve 22.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the LNG gasification cold energy refrigerator system includes a latent heat recovery tower 1, a sensible heat recovery tower 2, a reheating tower 3 and a refrigerating device, and the latent heat recovery tower 1, the sensible heat recovery tower 2 and the reheating tower 3 are sequentially communicated, the latent heat recovery tower 1 is communicated with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is sequentially provided with a process valve 17, a third switch valve 21 and a fourth pressure regulating valve 22, the third switch valve 21 is communicated with the latent heat recovery tower 1 through a pipeline, the lower end of the latent heat recovery tower 1 is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank 4 through a flowmeter 20, the first refrigerant storage tank 4 is communicated with the refrigerating device through an air pipe, and the air pipe is sequentially provided with a second switch valve 10 and a first refrigerant pump 6;
the sensible heat recovery tower 2 is communicated with the refrigerating device through an air pipe, a first switch valve 8 and a first pressure regulating valve 9 are sequentially arranged on the air pipe between the sensible heat recovery tower 2 and the refrigerating device, the first pressure regulating valve 9 is connected with a pressure transmitter 15 through a lead, the pressure transmitter 15 is arranged on the air pipe, and the lower end of the sensible heat recovery tower 2 is communicated with the first refrigerant storage tank 4 through a flowmeter 20;
one side of the reheating tower 3 is communicated with two discharge pipes, one of the discharge pipes is provided with a second pressure regulating valve 13, the discharge pipe is connected with a main gas supply pipe pressure regulating device, the other discharge pipe is provided with a third pressure regulating valve 14, the discharge pipe is connected with a water bath type gasifier, the discharge pipe is also provided with a temperature transmitter 18, one side of the reheating tower 3 is also communicated with the refrigerating device through a pipeline, the reheating tower 3 is also communicated with a second refrigerant storage tank 5 through a pipeline, the second refrigerant storage tank 5 is communicated with the refrigerating device through a pipeline, and a process valve 17 and a second refrigerant pump 7 are arranged on the pipeline between the second refrigerant storage tank 5 and the refrigerating device;
liquid level switches are arranged in the latent heat recovery tower 1, the sensible heat recovery tower 2 and the reheating tower 3, a liquid level meter, a pressure gauge 19 and a temperature transmitter 15 with control are further arranged on the first refrigerant storage tank 4, and pressure transmitters 15 are arranged on the second refrigerant storage tank 5 and the first refrigerant pump 4.
This equipment includes tertiary cold energy recovery: the primary LNG latent heat cold energy recovery tower is mainly used for recovering latent heat in the LNG gasification process; the secondary LNG sensible heat cold energy recovery tower is mainly used for recovering sensible heat generated after LNG gasification; the three-level reheating tower is used for raising the temperature of the CNG to be more than 5 ℃ so as to meet the requirement of the CNG as fuel gas. The phase-change refrigerant is properly selected for use by the first stage and the second stage, the refrigerant is conveyed to the refrigeration house by the booster pump, the refrigerant is gasified under the action of the throttling expansion valve of the refrigeration house to provide cold energy for the refrigeration house, the gas-phase refrigerant after being boosted and heated is circulated to return the cold energy to recover the cold energy of the prying block in the LNG gasification process, the gas-phase refrigerant and the low-temperature natural gas in the cold energy recovery tower are subjected to heat exchange, and the gas-phase refrigerant is liquefied. The three-stage reheating tower selects a proper liquid-phase refrigerant and low-temperature CNG for heat exchange, and can provide cold energy for refrigeration of cold storage foods.
The freezing device comprises an ice making tank 12, a refrigerating tank 11 and a plurality of quick-freezing tanks 16, pipelines at the upper ends of the ice making tank 12, the refrigerating tank 11 and the quick-freezing tanks 16 are respectively provided with a process valve 17, the lower ends of the ice making tank 12 and the quick-freezing tanks 16 are respectively provided with a switch valve, the switch valves are also connected with a pressure transmitter 15, the ice making tank 12 is communicated with the quick-freezing tanks 16, the ice making tank 12 is connected to the sensible heat recovery tower 2, and the refrigerating tank 11 is communicated to the reheating tower 3.
The latent heat recovery tower 1, the sensible heat recovery tower 2 and the reheating tower 3 are low-temperature heat exchange equipment, three pieces of equipment are arranged in a cold box, and the cold box is filled with pearly-lustre sand and is vacuumized and insulated, so that the loss of cold energy to air and the low-temperature protection to a human body are avoided.
The latent heat recovery tower 1, the sensible heat recovery tower 2 and the reheating tower 3 adopt heat exchanger structures, and the refrigerating device adopts the structure and the situation of the heat exchange tubes such as an inner floating head, a U-shaped tube and a winding tube to ensure that the equipment cannot be damaged by stress deformation caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold due to the change of low-temperature difference.
The latent heat recovery tower 1, the sensible heat recovery tower 2, the reheating tower 3 and the first refrigerant storage tank 4 form a cold energy recovery device, and safety valves of natural gas and refrigerant media are arranged in the cold energy recovery device, so that the safe and stable operation of a device system is ensured.
The invention adopts the intermediate medium refrigerant to use the cold energy generated when the liquefied natural gas is gasified for the refrigeration or cold storage of the refrigeration house, thereby reducing the large electric energy consumption caused by mechanical refrigeration and having considerable economic and social benefits; a novel and efficient cold energy recovery device is adopted, so that the energy consumption is reduced, the utilization efficiency of cold energy is improved, and the intrinsic safety of the device process is ensured; sled dress is carried out whole cold energy recovery unit, adopts PLC to retrieve the sled and control cold energy simultaneously, safe and reliable, easy operation, economic environmental protection.
The invention also provides a cold energy recovery method of the LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, LNG from an LNG storage tank is connected in series step by step through a pipeline, a stop valve, an emergency cut-off valve and a regulating valve and enters a latent heat recovery tower, a sensible heat recovery tower and a reheat tower, and NG after gasification and heating is sent to a downstream unit through a pipeline;
s2, enabling a first refrigerant of the first refrigerant storage tank to enter a latent heat recovery tower and a sensible heat recovery tower to exchange heat with NG in the latent heat recovery tower and the sensible heat recovery tower respectively; the first refrigerant after being cooled enters an ice making and quick freezing unit in the freezing device to provide cold energy for the ice making and quick freezing unit, and the first refrigerant is pressurized and heated after being heated and then returns to a first refrigerant storage tank;
s3, a second refrigerant of the second refrigerant storage tank enters the reheating tower to exchange heat with NG in the reheating tower, the second refrigerant after heat exchange enters a refrigerating unit of the refrigerating device to provide cold energy for the refrigerating unit, and the second refrigerant returns to the first refrigerant storage tank after meeting the temperature rise;
s4, the latent heat recovery tower is provided with a liquid level control loop of liquefied natural gas, the loop controls the amount of LNG entering the latent heat recovery tower to be not more than the heat exchange capacity of equipment, the LNG is ensured to be evaporated and uniformly distributed on an inner membrane of the latent heat recovery tower, the deposition of the LNG in the latent heat tower is avoided, and the control of the loop ensures that liquid level refrigerant condensed in the latent heat recovery tower rapidly flows back to a refrigerant storage tank;
s5, a liquid level control loop and a temperature control loop are arranged on the sensible heat recovery tower, the temperature control loop controls the LNG amount entering the cold energy recovery device not to exceed the maximum heat exchange capacity of the sensible heat recovery device, the temperature of an outlet is normal, the liquid level control loop ensures that a refrigerant flows back to a refrigerant storage tank, a temperature and pressure control loop is arranged at the outlet of the reheating tower to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the reheated CNG can meet the requirements of downstream on fuel gas, and a temperature and pressure control loop arranged in a refrigeration house ensures the safe release of the cold energy of the refrigerant in the refrigeration house;
s6, determining that the quantity of LNG entering a cold energy recovery device corresponds to the demand quantity of downstream fuel gas by the particularity of process, equipment and control, transmitting cold energy released by LNG in gasification and temperature rise to a refrigeration house by a refrigerant for freezing food, ensuring the safety of the process and the equipment by the minimum residence quantity of the LNG and the refrigerant in the device, cutting off the feeding of the LNG and the refrigerant entering a storage tank when the device is stopped under an emergency condition, and blocking the heat exchange of NG and the refrigerant, wherein the device can be quickly in a safe state;
s7, cold energy generated in the process of gasifying the liquefied natural gas is converted into a first refrigerant and a second refrigerant, Freon R404A, R502, R22, liquid ammonia and propane can be selected, and the requirements of refrigerating devices with different user requirements can be prepared by adjusting the pressure of a system through selecting different refrigerants.
The refrigeration or cold storage temperature can be provided within the temperature range of-100 to 5 ℃, and the temperature for investment and construction of the low-temperature cold storage is generally recommended to be-35 ℃ to-15 ℃.
The patent characteristics of the equipment and the process of the low-temperature heat exchange equipment for transferring heat through boiling and condensation of the intermediate medium not only can avoid the icing problem caused by direct contact of LNG and a heat source, but also keeps the efficient heat transfer characteristic of the equipment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- The LNG gasification cold energy freezer system includes latent heat recovery tower (1), apparent heat recovery tower (2), reheat tower (3) and refrigerating plant, and communicates its characterized in that between latent heat recovery tower (1), apparent heat recovery tower (2) and reheat tower (3) in proper order: the latent heat recovery tower (1) is communicated with an air inlet pipe, a process valve (17), a third switch valve (21) and a fourth pressure regulating valve (22) are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe, the third switch valve (21) is communicated on the latent heat recovery tower (1) through a pipeline, the lower end of the latent heat recovery tower (1) is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank (4) through a flowmeter (20), the first refrigerant storage tank (4) is communicated with a refrigerating device through an air pipe, and a second switch valve (10) and a first refrigerant pump (6) are sequentially arranged on the air pipe;the refrigeration system is characterized in that the sensible heat recovery tower (2) is communicated with the refrigeration device through an air pipe, a first switch valve (8) and a first pressure regulating valve (9) are sequentially arranged on the air pipe between the sensible heat recovery tower (2) and the refrigeration device, the first pressure regulating valve (9) is connected with a pressure transmitter (15) through a lead, the pressure transmitter (15) is arranged on the air pipe, and the lower end of the sensible heat recovery tower (2) is communicated with a first refrigerant storage tank (4) through a flowmeter (20);one side of the reheating tower (3) is communicated with two discharge pipes, a second pressure regulating valve (13) is arranged on one discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is connected with a main gas supply pipe pressure regulating device, a third pressure regulating valve (14) is arranged on the other discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is connected to a water bath type gasifier, a temperature transmitter (18) is further arranged on the discharge pipe, one side of the reheating tower (3) is further communicated with a refrigerating device through a pipeline, the reheating tower (3) is further communicated with a second refrigerant storage tank (5) through a pipeline, the second refrigerant storage tank (5) is communicated with the refrigerating device through a pipeline, and a process valve (17) and a second refrigerant pump (7) are arranged on the pipeline between the second refrigerant storage tank (5) and the refrigerating device;liquid level switches are arranged in the latent heat recovery tower (1), the sensible heat recovery tower (2) and the reheating tower (3), a liquid level meter, a pressure gauge (19) and a temperature transmitter (15) with control are also arranged on the first refrigerant storage tank (4), and pressure transmitters (15) are arranged on the second refrigerant storage tank (5) and the first refrigerant pump (6);the freezing device comprises an ice making tank (12), a refrigerating tank (11) and a plurality of quick-freezing tanks (16), pipelines at the upper ends of the ice making tank (12), the refrigerating tank (11) and the quick-freezing tanks (16) are respectively provided with a process valve (17), the lower ends of the process valves are respectively provided with a switch valve, the switch valves are also connected with a pressure transmitter (15), the ice making tank (12) is communicated with the quick-freezing tanks (16), the ice making tank (12) is connected to the sensible heat recovery tower (2), and the refrigerating tank (11) is communicated to the reheating tower (3);the latent heat recovery tower (1), the sensible heat recovery tower (2) and the reheating tower (3) are low-temperature heat exchange equipment, three pieces of equipment are arranged in a cold box, and the cold box is filled with pearlife and is vacuumized and insulated, so that the loss of cold energy to air is avoided, and the low-temperature protection to a human body is realized.
- 2. The LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat recovery tower (1), the sensible heat recovery tower (2) and the reheating tower (3) adopt heat exchanger structures, and the refrigeration device adopts the structure of heat exchange tubes such as an inner floating head, a U-shaped tube and a winding tube to ensure that the equipment cannot be damaged by stress deformation caused by expansion and contraction due to low temperature difference change.
- 3. The LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat recovery tower (1), the sensible heat recovery tower (2), the reheating tower (3) and the first refrigerant storage tank (4) form a cold energy recovery device, and a safety valve for natural gas and refrigerant medium is arranged in the cold energy recovery device, so that safe and stable operation of the device system is ensured.
- The cold energy recovery method of the LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system, which adopts the LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system of any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:s1, LNG from an LNG storage tank is connected in series step by step through a pipeline, a stop valve, an emergency cut-off valve and a regulating valve and enters a latent heat recovery tower, a sensible heat recovery tower and a reheat tower, and NG after gasification and heating is sent to a downstream unit through a pipeline;s2, enabling the first refrigerant of the first refrigerant storage tank to enter a latent heat recovery tower and a sensible heat recovery tower and respectively exchange heat with NG in the latent heat recovery tower and the sensible heat recovery tower; the first refrigerant after being cooled enters an ice making and quick freezing unit in the freezing device to provide cold energy for the ice making and quick freezing unit, and the first refrigerant is pressurized and heated after being heated and then returns to a first refrigerant storage tank;s3, the second refrigerant of the second refrigerant storage tank enters the reheating tower to exchange heat with the NG in the reheating tower, the second refrigerant after heat exchange enters a refrigerating unit of the refrigerating device to provide cold energy for the refrigerating unit, and the second refrigerant returns to the second refrigerant storage tank after being heated;s4, the latent heat recovery tower is provided with a liquid level control loop of liquefied natural gas, the loop controls the amount of LNG entering the latent heat recovery tower to be not more than the heat exchange capacity of equipment, the LNG evaporation is ensured to be uniformly distributed and evaporated on an inner membrane of the latent heat recovery tower, the LNG is prevented from silting in the latent heat tower, and the control of the loop ensures that liquid level refrigerant condensed in the latent heat recovery tower rapidly flows back to a refrigerant storage tank;s5, a liquid level control loop and a temperature control loop are arranged on the sensible heat recovery tower, the temperature control loop controls the LNG amount entering the cold energy recovery device not to exceed the maximum heat exchange capacity of the sensible heat recovery device, the temperature of an outlet is normal, the liquid level control loop ensures that a refrigerant flows back to a refrigerant storage tank, a temperature and pressure control loop is arranged at the outlet of the reheating tower to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the reheated CNG can meet the requirements of downstream on fuel gas, and a temperature and pressure control loop arranged in a refrigeration house ensures the safe release of the cold energy of the refrigerant in the refrigeration house;s6, determining that the quantity of LNG entering a cold energy recovery device corresponds to the demand quantity of downstream fuel gas by the particularity of process, equipment and control, transmitting cold energy released by LNG in gasification and temperature rise to a refrigeration house by a refrigerant for freezing food, ensuring the safety of the process and the equipment by the minimum residence quantity of the LNG and the refrigerant in the device, cutting off the feeding of the LNG and the refrigerant entering a storage tank when the device is stopped under an emergency condition, and blocking the heat exchange of NG and the refrigerant, wherein the device can be quickly in a safe state;s7, cold energy generated in the process of gasifying the liquefied natural gas is converted into a first refrigerant and a second refrigerant, Freon R404A, R502, R22, liquid ammonia and propane can be selected, and the requirements of refrigerating devices with different user requirements can be prepared by adjusting the pressure of a system through selecting different refrigerants.
- 5. The method for recovering cold energy of an LNG gasification cold energy cold storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that the refrigeration or cold storage temperature can be provided within a temperature range of-100 to 5 ℃, and the temperature for investment and construction of the low temperature cold storage is generally recommended to be-35 ℃ to-15 ℃.
- 6. The cold energy recovery method of the LNG gasification cold energy refrigeration house system according to claim 4, characterized in that the low temperature heat exchange equipment for heat transfer by boiling and condensation of the intermediate medium, the technical characteristics of the equipment and the process thereof can not only avoid the problem of icing caused by direct contact of LNG and the heat source, but also maintain the high efficiency heat transfer characteristic of the equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109974339B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2023-08-11 | 华南理工大学 | Device and method for transferring LNG cold energy by using phase-change refrigerant |
| CN113686069B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-06-24 | 骊阳(广东)节能科技股份有限公司 | LNG cold energy recovery ice making system and method |
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