CN101619914A - Refrigerant phase transformation-free refrigerator for recovering liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy - Google Patents
Refrigerant phase transformation-free refrigerator for recovering liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101619914A CN101619914A CN200910055975A CN200910055975A CN101619914A CN 101619914 A CN101619914 A CN 101619914A CN 200910055975 A CN200910055975 A CN 200910055975A CN 200910055975 A CN200910055975 A CN 200910055975A CN 101619914 A CN101619914 A CN 101619914A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a refrigerant phase transformation-free refrigerator for recovering liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy, which belongs to the technical fields of energy saving and refrigeration. The refrigerant phase transformation-free refrigerator for recovering LNG cold energy comprises an LNG storage tank, an LNG cryopump, an LNG carburetor, an LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger, a refrigerator heat exchanger, a refrigerator fan, a refrigerant low-temperature storage tank, a low-temperature refrigerant pump and various flow valves. R410A is selected as refrigerant to sequentially enter all refrigerators after obtaining refrigeration amount from LNG, the refrigerant releases the refrigeration amount step by step, and the step utilization of the cold energy is realized. The refrigerant is run in a complete liquid state in the whole process and does not generate phase transformation in heat exchangers of all the refrigerators; and the refrigeration amount transformation needed by the refrigerators is realized by adjusting the rotating speed of the fan and the flow of the refrigerant. The invention has the obvious effects of saving the energy and reducing the discharge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the freezer of a kind of recycling liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy, the refrigerant phase transformation-free freezer of the recovery cold energy of liquefied natural gas that refrigerant does not undergo phase transition in the middle of especially a kind of the maintenance belongs to energy-conservation and refrigeration technology field.
Background technology
Natural gas is one of three big main energy sources, is widely used with cleaning owing to it is efficient.For the ease of transport by sea, often the natural gas in gaseous state processing of liquefying, form liquefied natural gas (LNG), the power consumption of one ton of LNG of every production is about 850kWh, and LNG is gasificated into gas at normal temperature in receiving station and supplies with and will discharge a large amount of cold energy in user's the process, is 830～860kJ/kg.This part cold energy is taken away by seawater or air usually, has not only caused great energy waste, also can influence marine site and regional ecological environment on every side.If can make good use of the cold energy of this part, then can reach energy-conservation target.
Traditional electric refrigeration industry is the big power consumer, and according to preliminary estimation, the electric energy that present refrigeration plant is consumed accounts for about 15% of produced worldwide electric energy.In the production of general bakery and confectionery, the freezer power consumption accounts for 50%～60% of full factory total power consumption.Consider from the angle of energy-saving and emission-reduction at present, with the refrigeration of LNG cold energy use in low-temperature cold store.
In the prior art, application number is 200720007870.7, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of LNG cold energy step, integrated utilization system ", and problem how to coordinate to utilize the LNG cold energy between liquefied natural gas gasifying station, cold energy service company and the cold energy use company mainly has been discussed.Wherein also related to the problem of freezer refrigerating, but the technical problem of details such as freezer flow process deeply be not described, just from integral body as a class cold energy use company summarized introduction.Application number is 200420114636.0, name is called the utility model patent of " reclaiming the refrigerating plant that cold energy of liquefied natural gas is used for freezer ", it has adopted R410A recovery LNG cold energy to be used for the freezer refrigerating technology, middle refrigerant is delivered to cold in the freezer by the evaporation process of liquid state to gaseous state by the cold of gaseous state to liquid condensation process absorption LNG again.This flow process is owing to relate to the gas-liquid phase transition process, and middle refrigerant specific volume alters a great deal, and gaseous state part pipeline volume is very big, and gaseous flow rate is higher, and control is difficulty, and cold energy only once utilizes in single freezer.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the prior art deficiency, the present invention proposes a kind of no phase transformation freezer that reclaims cold energy of liquefied natural gas, make the middle refrigerant in the freezer in whole circulation, keep liquid operation, realized the cascade utilization of refrigerant cold, and also can correspondingly regulate during load fluctuation.Whole flow path device is simple, and control is convenient, has saved a large amount of electric energy and fixed investment, has realized the requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the present invention includes: LNG storage tank, LNG cryogenic pump, a LNG flow valve, the one LNG gasifier, the 2nd LNG flow valve, LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger, the 2nd LNG gasifier, cold medium flux valve, the first freezer blower fan, the first freezer heat exchanger, the second freezer blower fan, the second freezer heat exchanger, the 3rd freezer blower fan, the 3rd freezer heat exchanger, refrigerant low-temperature storage tank, low temperature refrigerant pump.
The LNG storage tank is connected with the import of LNG cryogenic pump; The outlet of LNG cryogenic pump links to each other with the import of a LNG gasifier and the LNG lateral line import of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger with the 2nd LNG flow valve by a LNG flow valve respectively; The outlet of the one LNG gasifier is connected with gas distributing system; The pipeline outlet of the LNG side of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger is connected with gas distributing system by the 2nd LNG vaporizer; The refrigerant lateral line outlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger is connected with the first freezer heat exchanger import by the cold medium flux valve, the first freezer heat exchanger exit is connected with the second freezer heat exchanger import, the second freezer heat exchanger exit is connected with the 3rd freezer heat exchanger import, and the outlet of the 3rd freezer heat exchanger is connected with the refrigerant lateral line inlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger with the low temperature refrigerant pump by the refrigerant low-temperature storage tank successively.The blower fan of first freezer is installed in by the first freezer heat exchanger, and the second freezer blower fan is by the second freezer heat exchanger, and the 3rd freezer blower fan is by the 3rd freezer heat exchanger.
Apparatus of the present invention can realize that the LNG cold energy reclaims and the cold energy use of middle refrigerant phase transformation-free.
1) the LNG cold energy reclaims
The LNG cryogenic pump is extracted-162 ℃ liquefied natural gas out from the LNG storage tank, it is pressurized to 6.0～7.0MPa, because the heat of leakage is arranged when Cheng Guanlu transports, temperature will be elevated to-160～-150 ℃; LNG with this high pressure low temperature is divided into two-way then, wherein one the tunnel enters in the LNG vaporizer behind a LNG flow valve and gasifies, and temperature is elevated near the normal temperature, and pressure is reduced to 5.5～6.5MPa; Natural gas straight after the gasification taps into the gas distributing system into the city; Another road enters the LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger with the refrigerant heat exchange behind the 2nd LNG flow valve, temperature is elevated to-55～-40 ℃; Again near the 2nd LNG gasifier is warming up to normal temperature; Also enter city natural gas pipe network at last.
2) refrigerant cold energy use in the middle of
Adopt R410A to do middle refrigerant, obtain cold in the LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger from LNG, temperature drops to-100～-90 ℃; Enter behind the cold medium flux valve in the heat exchanger of first freezer, the blower fan by the next door cools off air in first freezer, makes refrigerant temperature be elevated to-80～-70 ℃; Enter into the heat exchanger of second freezer then, same temperature is elevated to-45～-35 ℃; The heat exchanger that then enters into the 3rd freezer is warmed up to-35～-25 ℃; Enter low temperature refrigerant pump pressurization through fluid reservoir at last, then enter the LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger and recycle.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) when freezer institute chilling requirement changes, controls the LNG amount of vaporization that enters the LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger by the 2nd LNG flow valve and satisfy refrigeration requirement.This freezer has been avoided electric refrigeration and has been had the effect that considerable energy saving reduces discharging.
2) when the required natural gas total amount in city changes, control the evaporating capacity that enters a LNG gasifier by a LNG flow valve, and guarantee constant the normal LNG supply of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger.
3) in the heat exchanger of three freezers, refrigerant R410A does not have evaporation, and the refrigerant in the whole circulation all keeps liquid phase state, is convenient to control.
4) when total load in the freezer changes, control the flow of refrigerant by regulating the cold medium flux valve.
5) when the changing load of each freezer, can change heat transfer intensity by control rotation speed of fan separately, reach temperature control purpose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 reclaims the structural principle schematic diagram of the refrigerant phase transformation-free freezer of cold energy of liquefied natural gas for the present invention.
Among the figure, 1LNG storage tank, 2LNG cryogenic pump, 3 the one LNG flow valves, 4 the one LNG gasifiers, 5 the 2nd LNG flow valves, the 6LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger, 7 the 2nd LNG gasifiers, 8 cold medium flux valves, 9 first freezer blower fans, 10 first freezer heat exchangers, 11 second freezer blower fans, 12 second freezer heat exchangers, 13 the 3rd freezer blower fans, 14 the 3rd freezer heat exchangers, 15 refrigerant low-temperature storage tanks, 16 low temperature refrigerant pumps.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the concrete enforcement that freezer of the present invention is used for tuna and general fishes and shrimps refrigeration is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes: LNG storage tank 1, LNG cryogenic pump 2, the one LNG flow valve 3, the one LNG gasifiers 4, the two LNG flow valves 5, LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, the two LNG gasifiers 7, cold medium flux valve 8, the first freezer blower fan, 9, the first freezer heat exchangers, 10, the second freezer blower fans 11, the second freezer heat exchanger, 12, the three freezer blower fans, 13, the three freezer heat exchangers 14, refrigerant low-temperature storage tank 15, low temperature refrigerant pump 16.
LNG storage tank 1 is connected with 2 imports of LNG cryogenic pump; 2 outlets of LNG cryogenic pump link to each other with the import of a LNG gasifier 4 and the LNG lateral line import of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 with the 2nd LNG flow valve 5 by a LNG flow valve 3 respectively; 4 outlets of the one LNG vaporizer are connected with gas distributing system; The pipeline outlet of the LNG side of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is connected with gas distributing system by the 2nd LNG gasifier 7; The refrigerant lateral line outlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is connected with 10 imports of the first freezer heat exchanger by cold medium flux valve 8,10 outlets of the first freezer heat exchanger are connected with 12 imports of the second freezer heat exchanger, 12 outlets of the second freezer heat exchanger are connected with 14 imports of the 3rd freezer heat exchanger, and the outlet of the 3rd freezer heat exchanger 14 is connected with the refrigerant lateral line inlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 with low temperature refrigerant pump 16 by refrigerant low-temperature storage tank 15 successively.It is other that the first freezer blower fan 9 is installed in the first freezer heat exchanger 10, and it is other that the second freezer blower fan 11 is installed in the second freezer heat exchanger 12, and it is other that the 3rd freezer blower fan 13 is installed in the 3rd freezer heat exchanger 14.
In general liquefied natural gas receiving station build near the harbour, and the one, make things convenient for the LNG Ship Transportation, the 2nd, convenient with seawater gasifier gasification LNG, and general Cold Storage for Aquatic Products is also built near the harbour, makes things convenient for long range fishing ship unloading back freeze preservation.Consider thus freezer is built near the LNG receiving station, utilize its cold energy on the spot.At this freezer with total capacity 3000t is example, and divide three to adapt to different refrigeration or frozen product: the minimum temperature of first freezer is-60 ℃, is the tuna freezer; The temperature of second freezer is-28 ℃, for fishes and shrimps freeze the storehouse; The temperature of the 3rd freezer is-18 ℃, is the fishes and shrimps freezer.
LNG cryogenic pump 2 is extracted-162 ℃ liquefied natural gas out from LNG storage tank 1, it is pressurized to 6.5MPa, because the heat of leakage is arranged when Cheng Guanlu transports, temperature will be elevated to about-150 ℃; Be divided into two-way then, one road LNG enters in the LNG vaporizer 4 behind a LNG flow valve 3 and gasifies, and temperature is elevated near the normal temperature, and pressure is reduced to 6.0MPa; Gas after the gasification directly enters the gas distributing system in city; Another road LNG enters LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 with the refrigerant heat exchange behind the 2nd LNG flow valve 5, temperature is elevated to-55 ℃; Again near the 2nd LNG gasifier 7 is warming up to normal temperature; Also enter city natural gas pipe network at last.When the load variations of gas distributing system and freezer is loaded when constant, adjust the aperture of LNG cryogenic pump 2 rotating speeds and a LNG flow valve 3 and the 2nd LNG flow valve 5, regulate the flow of natural gas in the gas distributing system.In like manner, when the constant and freezer load conversion of the load of gas distributing system, also can adjust the aperture of LNG cryogenic pump 2 rotating speeds and a LNG flow valve 3 and the 2nd LNG flow valve 5, regulate the flow of natural gas in the gas distributing system.
Adopting R410A is the refrigerant of freezer circulation, and R410A is placed in the refrigerant low-temperature storage tank 15, and refrigerant obtains cold from LNG in LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, and temperature drops to-100 ℃, and pressure is 0.65MPa; Enter behind cold medium flux valve 8 in the first freezer heat exchanger 10, cool off by air in 9 pairs of freezers of the first freezer blower fan, make refrigerant temperature be elevated to-75 ℃, pressure drops to 0.55MPa; Enter into the second freezer heat exchanger 12 then, same temperature is elevated to about-38 ℃, and pressure also drops to 0.45Mpa; Then enter into the 3rd freezer heat exchanger 14 and be warmed up to about-25 ℃, pressure is 0.35MPa; After refrigerant low-temperature storage tank 15 enters low temperature refrigerant pump 16 and is forced into 0.75MPa, enter in the LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 and finish circulation.In the refrigerant cyclic process, refrigerant temperature in each freezer and pressure are gathered and observed by sensor, and judge whether refrigerant is in liquid phase state, when the freezer thermic load increases, when refrigerant has the trend of gasification, can increase the aperture of LNG cryogenic pump 2 rotating speeds and the 2nd LNG flow valve 5, make the LNG flow that enters LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 increase, the cold of passing to refrigerant R410A also increases thereupon, makes the temperature of refrigerant R410A reduce, and avoids undergoing phase transition.
If the thermic load in these three freezers has any one change, then can control the rotating speed of this freezer blower fan by control circuit, change heat-transfer intensity, the temperature rise of feasible this heat exchanger refrigerant of flowing through changes, thereby changed the cold of giving freezer, kept the characteristics of constant temperature in the freezer.At some in particular cases, as since the rotating speed deficiency that changes blower fan, having remedied the fluctuation of freezer load, or the refrigerant temperature in the refrigerant low-temperature storage tank 15 is too high and will vaporize the time, consider that the aperture of adjustment cold medium flux valve 8 changes the supply of refrigerant in the flow process, make that each freezer institute chilling requirement is satisfied, and guarantee that refrigerant does not undergo phase transition in the flow process.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of refrigerant phase transformation-free freezer that reclaims cold energy of liquefied natural gas, comprise: LNG storage tank (1), LNG cryogenic pump (2), the one LNG flow valve (3), a LNG gasifier (4), the 2nd LNG flow valve (5), LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger (6), the 2nd LNG gasifier (7), cold medium flux valve (8), the first freezer blower fan (9), the first freezer heat exchanger (10), the second freezer blower fan (11), the second freezer heat exchanger (12), the 3rd freezer blower fan (13), the 3rd freezer heat exchanger (14), refrigerant low-temperature storage tank (15), low temperature refrigerant pump (16) is characterized in that: LNG storage tank (1) is connected with LNG cryogenic pump (2) import; LNG cryogenic pump (2) outlet links to each other with the import of a LNG gasifier (4) and the LNG lateral line import of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger (6) with the 2nd LNG flow valve (5) by a LNG flow valve (3) respectively; The outlet of the one LNG vaporizer (4) is connected with gas distributing system; The pipeline outlet of the LNG side of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger (6) is connected with gas distributing system by the 2nd LNG gasifier (7); The refrigerant lateral line outlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger (6) is connected with first freezer heat exchanger (10) import by cold medium flux valve (8), the outlet of the first freezer heat exchanger (10) is connected with second freezer heat exchanger (12) import, the outlet of the second freezer heat exchanger (12) is connected with the 3rd freezer heat exchanger (14) import, and the outlet of the 3rd freezer heat exchanger (14) is connected with the refrigerant lateral line inlet of LNG-refrigerant heat exchanger (6) with low temperature refrigerant pump (16) by refrigerant low-temperature storage tank (15) successively; It is other that the first freezer blower fan (9) is installed in the first freezer heat exchanger (10), and it is other that the second freezer blower fan (11) is installed in the second freezer heat exchanger (12), and it is other that the 3rd freezer blower fan (13) is installed in the 3rd freezer heat exchanger (14).
2, the refrigerant phase transformation-free freezer of recovery cold energy of liquefied natural gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that refrigeration tuna in described first freezer, and its temperature is-60 ℃, freezing fishes and shrimps in second freezer, temperature is-28 ℃, refrigeration fishes and shrimps in the 3rd freezer, and temperature is-18 ℃.
3, the refrigerant phase transformation-free freezer of recovery cold energy of liquefied natural gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that putting in the described refrigerant low-temperature storage tank (15) refrigerant R410A.
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| CN102705705A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 天津华迈燃气装备股份有限公司 | Phase-change-free liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy utilization device for refrigerator |
| CN102967099A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-03-13 | 暨南大学 | Energy cascade comprehensive utilization method of LNG (liquefied natural gas) cold energy |
| CN103017434A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-03 | 天津华迈燃气装备股份有限公司 | Cold accumulation device matched with LNG vaporizing heat-exchange system |
| CN103234318A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-08-07 | 广州华丰能源科技有限公司 | Demisting and ice-making apparatus and method using liquefied natural gas cold energy |
| CN104315533A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-01-28 | 谢红飞 | Method for utilizing cold energy generated during gasification of liquefied petroleum gas |
| CN105066512A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-18 | 西南石油大学 | LNG satellite station cooling heat and power cogeneration technology |
| CN106382463A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-08 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Technique and device for cold replacement and gradient utilization of LNG receiving station |
| CN106440893A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州海派特热能设备有限公司 | Phase change type energy source saving conveying device |
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| CN106764414A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 常州大学 | A kind of LNG gasification station cold, heat and power triple supply system |
| CN106839563A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 中冶东方控股有限公司 | A kind of refrigeration system of utilization cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| CN108917291A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of system and method for gas station exhaust gas waste cold cascade utilization |
| CN109519701A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-26 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of cold and hot utilization system of prepared food processing factory LNG |
| CN110470086A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-19 | 吴玉 | The method and system of cooling supply and cold-storage based on LNG cold energy |
| CN110701842A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-17 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Gasification system for making snow and ice by using LNG cold energy |
| CN111141091A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-12 | 天津商业大学 | Refrigeration house air conditioning system for recovering liquefied natural gas cold energy |
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| CN102705705A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 天津华迈燃气装备股份有限公司 | Phase-change-free liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy utilization device for refrigerator |
| CN102967099A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-03-13 | 暨南大学 | Energy cascade comprehensive utilization method of LNG (liquefied natural gas) cold energy |
| CN103017434A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-03 | 天津华迈燃气装备股份有限公司 | Cold accumulation device matched with LNG vaporizing heat-exchange system |
| CN103234318A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-08-07 | 广州华丰能源科技有限公司 | Demisting and ice-making apparatus and method using liquefied natural gas cold energy |
| CN103234318B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-09-23 | 广州华丰能源科技有限公司 | A kind of apparatus and method utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas demist ice making |
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| CN105066512A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-18 | 西南石油大学 | LNG satellite station cooling heat and power cogeneration technology |
| CN105066512B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-01-02 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of LNG satellite stations CCHP technique |
| CN106440893A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州海派特热能设备有限公司 | Phase change type energy source saving conveying device |
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| CN106382463A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-08 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Technique and device for cold replacement and gradient utilization of LNG receiving station |
| CN106764414A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 常州大学 | A kind of LNG gasification station cold, heat and power triple supply system |
| CN106839563A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-13 | 中冶东方控股有限公司 | A kind of refrigeration system of utilization cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| CN106839563B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2019-07-23 | 中冶西北工程技术有限公司 | A kind of refrigeration system using cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| CN108917291A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of system and method for gas station exhaust gas waste cold cascade utilization |
| CN109519701A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-26 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of cold and hot utilization system of prepared food processing factory LNG |
| CN110470086A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-19 | 吴玉 | The method and system of cooling supply and cold-storage based on LNG cold energy |
| CN110701842A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-17 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Gasification system for making snow and ice by using LNG cold energy |
| CN111141091A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-12 | 天津商业大学 | Refrigeration house air conditioning system for recovering liquefied natural gas cold energy |
| CN116464917A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-07-21 | 山东齐鲁氢能研究院有限公司 | Integrated hydrogen-adding device based on natural gas pipe network system |
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