CN106642697A - High-pressure heater for nuclear power plant - Google Patents

High-pressure heater for nuclear power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106642697A
CN106642697A CN201610941470.7A CN201610941470A CN106642697A CN 106642697 A CN106642697 A CN 106642697A CN 201610941470 A CN201610941470 A CN 201610941470A CN 106642697 A CN106642697 A CN 106642697A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
straight
bar
parts
pressure heater
projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610941470.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘鸿
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Zhongke Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Zhongke Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Zhongke Heavy Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Zhongke Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610941470.7A priority Critical patent/CN106642697A/en
Publication of CN106642697A publication Critical patent/CN106642697A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/0005Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015Guiding means in water channels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/02Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/03Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using non-aqueous solutions containing phosphorus compounds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/04Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2222/00Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
    • C23C2222/20Use of solutions containing silanes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure heater for a nuclear power plant. The high-pressure heater comprises a heat exchange pipe. The heat exchange pipe comprises a straight pipe section. Multiple straight rods are arranged in the straight pipe section. Every two adjacent straight rods in the axial direction of the straight pipe section are staggered and are fixed to the inner wall of the straight pipe section through multiple support rods. Multiple cylindrical protruding columns are arranged on the peripheral wall of each straight rod in an extending manner. The connecting points of the protruding columns connected to the same straight rod and the straight rod are located on the same cylinder spiral line. Each straight rod serves as the cylinder of the corresponding cylinder spiral line, and each cylinder spiral line spirally extends along the corresponding straight rod in the axial direction. Multiple through holes evenly distributed in the protruding column in the axial direction are formed in each protruding column. The axes of the through holes are eccentrically arranged relative to the axes of the corresponding straight rods. Multiple spring sets are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the straight pipe section. One spring set is located between every two adjacent straight rods. According to the high-pressure heater for the nuclear power plant, a turbulent structure capable of making water generate turbulent flow is arranged in the straight pipe section of the heat exchange pipe, the turbulent flow can be generated when the water flows through the straight pipe section, and the water heating effect can be improved.

Description

Used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater
Technical field
The present invention relates to used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater.
Background technology
Nuclear power station(nuclear power plant)It is using nuclear fission (Nuclear Fission) or nuclear fusion The power plant of the discharged energy production electric energy of (Nuclear Fusion) reaction.Nuclear plant during at present business operates All it is to be reacted using nuclear fission and generated electricity.Nuclear power station is generally divided into two parts:The nuclear island of steam is produced using nuclear fission(Bag Include reactor assembly and primary Ioops system)With the conventional island using steam-electric power(Including steam turbine generator system), the combustion for using Material is usually radioactivity heavy metal:Uranium, plutonium.
High-pressure heater is the important device of steam turbine generator system, and the effect of high-pressure heater is using in steam turbine The steam of part work(was done, heating feedwater in heater was evacuated to, the temperature of water was improved, the steaming that steam turbine is discharged in condenser was reduced Vapour amount, reduces energy loss, improves the cycle efficieny of therrmodynamic system.
High-pressure heater generally comprises intake chamber, water inlet tube sheet, water-supplying chamber, water outlet tube sheet and some heat exchanger tubes, heat exchanger tube Two ends link together with water inlet tube sheet, water outlet tube sheet respectively, feed water and circulated in heat exchanger tube;Steaming of the heat exchanger tube in heater Headroom, absorbs the heat of heating steam, and by pipe wall of heat exchange pipe the water of Bottomhole pressure is passed to.
The structure of heat exchanger tube is single in existing high-pressure heater, and the heating effect of feedwater has much room for improvement in heat exchanger tube.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater, it arranges energy in the straight length of heat exchanger tube Make water produce the turbulent structure of turbulent flow, turbulent flow can be produced when water circulates in straight length, the heating effect of water can be improved.
For achieving the above object, a kind of used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater of design, including water inlet be the technical scheme is that Room, water inlet tube sheet, water-supplying chamber, water outlet tube sheet and some heat exchanger tubes, the two ends of heat exchanger tube connect respectively with water inlet tube sheet, water outlet tube sheet It is connected together;
The heat exchanger tube includes cylindrical, hollow straight length;
Some cylindrical straight-bars, the axle center of each straight-bar and the axis parallel of straight length are provided with the straight length, each straight-bar is along straight The axial direction of pipeline section is uniform, and adjacent two straight-bar mutual dislocations on straight length axial direction;
The straight-bar is fixed by some support bars with the inwall of straight length;The support bar of same straight-bar is connected to, they are located at The axis perpendicular of same plane, the plane and straight-bar, and the plane is located at the axial end portion of straight-bar;
Some cylindrical projections are extended with the straight-bar periphery wall, each projection is vertical with straight-bar respectively;It is connected to same straight-bar Projection, they are located at the tie point of the straight-bar on same circular helix, the circular helix with the straight-bar as cylinder, and Extend along the straight-bar axial screw;Each projection is provided with along the axially uniform some through holes of the projection, and the axle center phase of each through hole For the axle center of straight-bar biases;
Some groups of springs are further fixed on the straight length inwall, single groups of springs is located between two adjacent straight-bars;It is single Groups of springs includes:The some cylindrically coiled springs being fixed on straight length inwall;The axle center of each cylindrically coiled spring respectively with directly The axis perpendicular of pipeline section;The axial length of each cylindrically coiled spring is the 3/5 of inside diameter of straight pipe section;The cylindrical screw of same groups of springs Spring, they are located on same circular helix with the tie point of straight length inwall, and the circular helix is with straight length inwall The face of cylinder, and extend along straight length axial screw.
Preferably, each projection end face and the maximum spacing of straight length inwall are the 1/5 of inside diameter of straight pipe section.
Preferably, the external diameter of the straight-bar is the 1/5 of inside diameter of straight pipe section.
Preferably, the straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylindrically coiled spring are all made up of alloy material.
Preferably, the outer surface of the straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylindrically coiled spring all Tu are covered with diaphragm.
Preferably, by weight, the diaphragm is composed of the following components:
15.6 parts of dibutyl phthalates,
8.5 parts of Isononyl benzoates,
1.3 parts of dye yam slag extracts,
1.2 parts of dibutyl tin laurates,
2.4 parts of tricresyl phosphates,
1.9 parts of 1,2- diethoxy estersil base ethane,
0.9 part of N- phenyl-2-naphthylamine,
1.4 parts of vinyltrimethoxy silanes,
1.1 parts of isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ethers,
6.3 parts of N- VCzs.
The advantages of the present invention are:A kind of used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater is provided, it is in the straight of heat exchanger tube The turbulent structure that water can be made to produce turbulent flow is set in pipeline section, turbulent flow can be produced when water circulates in straight length, adding for water can be improved Thermal effect.
The present invention turbulent structure be made up of straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylindrically coiled spring etc., and straight-bar, support bar, The structure arrangement of projection and cylindrically coiled spring is the key element of turbulent structure.Straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylinder in the present invention Helical spring, and their structure arrangement, the water that can make circulation in heat exchanger tube straight length produces turbulent flow, and then improves water Heating effect.
The straight-bar of the present invention, support bar, outer surface all Tu of projection and cylindrically coiled spring are covered with diaphragm, diaphragm by Specific components are made, and diaphragm can improve the abrasion-resistant of straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylindrically coiled spring, decay resistance, Ensure the Long-Time Service of straight-bar, support bar, projection and cylindrically coiled spring.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of straight-bar in the present invention, support bar and projection;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of groups of springs in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following examples are only For clearly illustrating technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
The technical scheme that the present invention is embodied as is:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater, including intake chamber, water inlet tube sheet, water-supplying chamber, water outlet tube sheet With some heat exchanger tubes, the two ends of heat exchanger tube link together respectively with water inlet tube sheet, water outlet tube sheet;
The heat exchanger tube includes cylindrical, hollow straight length 1;
Some cylindrical straight-bars 2, the axle center of each straight-bar 2 and the axis parallel of straight length 1, each straight-bar 2 are provided with the straight length 1 Axial direction along straight length 1 is uniform, and adjacent two mutual dislocations of straight-bar 2 on the axial direction of straight length 1;
The straight-bar 2 is fixed by some support bars 3 with the inwall of straight length 1;The support bar 3 of same straight-bar 2 is connected to, they It is generally aligned in the same plane, the axis perpendicular of the plane and straight-bar 2, and the plane is located at the axial end portion of straight-bar 2;
Some cylindrical projections 4 are extended with the periphery wall of the straight-bar 2, each projection 4 is vertical with straight-bar 2 respectively;It is connected to same The projection 4 of straight-bar 2, they are located on same circular helix with the tie point of the straight-bar 2, and the circular helix is with the straight-bar 2 For cylinder, and extend along the axial screw of straight-bar 2;Each projection 4 is provided with along the axially uniform some through holes of the projection 4, and respectively The axle center of through hole biases relative to the axle center of straight-bar 2;
Some groups of springs are further fixed on the inwall of the straight length 1, single groups of springs is located between two adjacent straight-bars 2;It is single Individual groups of springs includes:The some cylindrically coiled springs 5 being fixed on the inwall of straight length 1;The axle center difference of each cylindrically coiled spring 5 With the axis perpendicular of straight length 1;The axial length of each cylindrically coiled spring 5 is the 3/5 of the internal diameter of straight length 1;Same groups of springs Cylindrically coiled spring 5, they are located on same circular helix with the tie point of the inwall of straight length 1, and the circular helix is with straight The inwall of pipeline section 1 is the face of cylinder, and is extended along the axial screw of straight length 1.
The end face of each projection 4 is the 1/5 of the internal diameter of straight length 1 with the maximum spacing of the inwall of straight length 1.
The external diameter of the straight-bar 2 is the 1/5 of the internal diameter of straight length 1.
The straight-bar 2, support bar 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5 are all made up of alloy material.
Outer surface all Tu of the straight-bar 2, support bar 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5 are covered with diaphragm.
By weight, the diaphragm is composed of the following components:
15.6 parts of dibutyl phthalates,
8.5 parts of Isononyl benzoates,
1.3 parts of dye yam slag extracts,
1.2 parts of dibutyl tin laurates,
2.4 parts of tricresyl phosphates,
1.9 parts of 1,2- diethoxy estersil base ethane,
0.9 part of N- phenyl-2-naphthylamine,
1.4 parts of vinyltrimethoxy silanes,
1.1 parts of isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ethers,
6.3 parts of N- VCzs.
The present invention turbulent structure be made up of straight-bar 2, support bar 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5 etc., and straight-bar 2, The structure arrangement of strut 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5 is the key element of turbulent structure.Straight-bar 2, support bar 3 in the present invention, Projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5, and their structure arrangement, can make the water generation of circulation in heat exchanger tube straight length 1 disorderly Stream, and then improve the heating effect of water.
The straight-bar 2 of the present invention, support bar 3, outer surface all Tu of projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5 are covered with diaphragm, protect Film is made up of specific components, and diaphragm can improve the abrasion-resistant of straight-bar 2, support bar 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5, resistance to Corrosive nature, ensures the Long-Time Service of straight-bar 2, support bar 3, projection 4 and cylindrically coiled spring 5.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater, including intake chamber, water inlet tube sheet, water-supplying chamber, water outlet tube sheet and some heat exchanger tubes, heat exchange The two ends of pipe link together respectively with water inlet tube sheet, water outlet tube sheet;It is characterized in that:
The heat exchanger tube includes cylindrical, hollow straight length;
Some cylindrical straight-bars, the axle center of each straight-bar and the axis parallel of straight length are provided with the straight length, each straight-bar is along straight The axial direction of pipeline section is uniform, and adjacent two straight-bar mutual dislocations on straight length axial direction;
The straight-bar is fixed by some support bars with the inwall of straight length;The support bar of same straight-bar is connected to, they are located at The axis perpendicular of same plane, the plane and straight-bar, and the plane is located at the axial end portion of straight-bar;
Some cylindrical projections are extended with the straight-bar periphery wall, each projection is vertical with straight-bar respectively;It is connected to same straight-bar Projection, they are located at the tie point of the straight-bar on same circular helix, the circular helix with the straight-bar as cylinder, and Extend along the straight-bar axial screw;Each projection is provided with along the axially uniform some through holes of the projection, and the axle center phase of each through hole For the axle center of straight-bar biases;
Some groups of springs are further fixed on the straight length inwall, single groups of springs is located between two adjacent straight-bars;It is single Groups of springs includes:The some cylindrically coiled springs being fixed on straight length inwall;The axle center of each cylindrically coiled spring respectively with directly The axis perpendicular of pipeline section;The axial length of each cylindrically coiled spring is the 3/5 of inside diameter of straight pipe section;The cylindrical screw of same groups of springs Spring, they are located on same circular helix with the tie point of straight length inwall, and the circular helix is with straight length inwall The face of cylinder, and extend along straight length axial screw.
2. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each projection end face and straight length inwall Maximum spacing for inside diameter of straight pipe section 1/5.
3. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the external diameter of the straight-bar is straight length The 1/5 of internal diameter.
4. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the straight-bar, support bar, projection and Cylindrically coiled spring is all made up of alloy material.
5. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the straight-bar, support bar, projection and The outer surface of cylindrically coiled spring all Tu are covered with diaphragm.
6. used in nuclear power station high-pressure heater according to claim 5, it is characterised in that by weight, the diaphragm It is composed of the following components:
15.6 parts of dibutyl phthalates,
8.5 parts of Isononyl benzoates,
1.3 parts of dye yam slag extracts,
1.2 parts of dibutyl tin laurates,
2.4 parts of tricresyl phosphates,
1.9 parts of 1,2- diethoxy estersil base ethane,
0.9 part of N- phenyl-2-naphthylamine,
1.4 parts of vinyltrimethoxy silanes,
1.1 parts of isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ethers,
6.3 parts of N- VCzs.
CN201610941470.7A 2016-11-02 2016-11-02 High-pressure heater for nuclear power plant Pending CN106642697A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610941470.7A CN106642697A (en) 2016-11-02 2016-11-02 High-pressure heater for nuclear power plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610941470.7A CN106642697A (en) 2016-11-02 2016-11-02 High-pressure heater for nuclear power plant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106642697A true CN106642697A (en) 2017-05-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746602A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-02 常熟市梅李合金材料有限公司 A kind of electric heater nickel filament

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5528471A (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-02-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heat transfer pipe
CN102434874A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-05-02 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 Nuclear power horizontal high-pressure water supply heater and heating method
CN103215578A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-07-24 佛山市中国地质大学研究院 Metal passivant prepared from diosorea cirrhosa residue extracting liquid
CN203719506U (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-07-16 杨承清 Turbulence finned tube exchanger
CN104745078A (en) * 2015-01-19 2015-07-01 杭州固邦涂料有限公司 Anticorrosive paint and preparation method thereof
CN205037803U (en) * 2015-10-20 2016-02-17 四川五环石化装备有限公司 High -efficient oval finned tube of foraminiferous type

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5528471A (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-02-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heat transfer pipe
CN102434874A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-05-02 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 Nuclear power horizontal high-pressure water supply heater and heating method
CN103215578A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-07-24 佛山市中国地质大学研究院 Metal passivant prepared from diosorea cirrhosa residue extracting liquid
CN203719506U (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-07-16 杨承清 Turbulence finned tube exchanger
CN104745078A (en) * 2015-01-19 2015-07-01 杭州固邦涂料有限公司 Anticorrosive paint and preparation method thereof
CN205037803U (en) * 2015-10-20 2016-02-17 四川五环石化装备有限公司 High -efficient oval finned tube of foraminiferous type

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刘慧君等: "《化学商品600种》", 30 April 1989, 冶金工业出版社 *
华东理工大学: "《节能减排理论基础与装备技术》", 31 May 2010, 华东理工大学出版社 *
宣天鹏: "《表面工程技术的设计与选择》", 31 May 2011, 机械工业出版社 *
崔璐娟等: "《精细化学品化学及应用研究》", 31 July 2015, 中国水利说点出版社 *
李桂林: "《环氧树脂与环氧涂料》", 31 March 2003, 化学工业出版社 *
黄世强 孙争光 李盛彪: "《新型有机硅高分子材料》", 30 October 2004, 化学工业出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746602A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-02 常熟市梅李合金材料有限公司 A kind of electric heater nickel filament

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Application publication date: 20170510