CN106642088A - 一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒 - Google Patents

一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒 Download PDF

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CN106642088A
CN106642088A CN201710089043.5A CN201710089043A CN106642088A CN 106642088 A CN106642088 A CN 106642088A CN 201710089043 A CN201710089043 A CN 201710089043A CN 106642088 A CN106642088 A CN 106642088A
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support beam
center cylinder
radial support
stones
split cavity
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CN106642088B (zh
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张连华
陈柏金
马海军
王季
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Zhongjuxin Marine Engineering Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/487,075 priority patent/US10995946B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/088077 priority patent/WO2018149062A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/085—Vortex chamber constructions with wear-resisting arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，它包括旋风分离器外壳和中心筒。旋风分离器外壳的内壁采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑成分离腔室；中心筒采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑而成，其置入在分离腔室内；分离腔室位于集渣槽上部的内壁上设有径向支承梁；中心筒的下端座落在径向支承梁上，上端与分离腔室的顶面连体砌筑或浇筑连接；径向支承梁的底面为内弧面拱形结构。与传统金属制成的中心筒相比，本发明的优点是：1、制作工艺简单，制造成本降低50％以上；2、非金属中心筒抗热变形、抗磨损、耐冲刷性能是金属中心筒无法比拟的，因此使用寿命长；3、维护使用成本低，修补损环部位，即可重新投入使用。

Description

一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒
技术领域
本发明涉及一种旋风分离器内的中心筒，尤其涉及一种煤制气循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒结构，属于循环流化床设备技术领域。
背景技术
煤制气循环流化床气化系统中的旋风分离器是其关键部件之一，其主要作用是将大量高温固体物料从气流中分离出来送回炉膛，以保证燃料和脱硫剂多次循环燃烧反应。其中中心筒又是旋风分离器的关键部件，它运行于900°C以上高温含尘烟气的强烈冲刷环境之中。传统旋风分离器内的中心筒通常为金属制成的筒状结构，因其抗热变形、耐冲刷的能力较差，故使用寿命一直较短，一般两年左右就要更换一次，否则，变形后的中心筒不仅影响旋风分离器的分离效率，而且会增大尾部烟道的磨损量和下道除尘器的负担；同时，更换中心筒需要停机，且更换过程拆装复杂、费工费时，使维修使用成本增加；加之，金属中心筒原本造价就很高。因而，传统的旋风分离器存在投入大、造价高、维护成本高、使用寿命短的明显技术不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对传统旋风分离器金属中心筒存在的技术不足，而提供一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，增强其抗热变形、耐冲刷能力，提高其使用寿命，降低其使用成本。
本发明提供的一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，其技术方案是：它包括旋风分离器外壳和中心筒，所述的旋风分离器外壳为圆筒状结构，圆筒的内壁采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑成分离腔室；所述分离腔室的底部设有集渣槽；所述的中心筒置入在分离腔室内，其特征在于：
所述的分离腔室内壁上设有径向支承梁；
所述的中心筒采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑而成，其上端与分离腔室的顶面连体砌筑或浇筑，下端与径向支承梁连体砌筑或浇筑；
所述径向支承梁的多个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑；
所述径向支承梁的底面为内弧面向上凸起的拱形结构；
所述径向支承梁支承中心筒下端形成多个支承点，每相邻两个支承点之间的中心筒下端面为内弧面向上凸起的拱形结构。
进一步地，所述的径向支承梁为“十”字形结构，其通过四个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑。
进一步地，所述的径向支承梁为“井”字形结构，其通过八个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑。
本发明与传统金属制成的中心筒相比，具有以下优点：
1、制作工艺简单，制造成本降低70％以上；
2、非金属中心筒抗热变形、抗磨损、耐冲刷性能是金属中心筒无法比拟的，因此使用寿命长；
3、维护使用成本低，修补损环部位，即可重新投入使用。
附图说明
附图1为本发明实施例一的主剖视结构示意图；
附图2为附图1中A-A截面剖视结构示意图；
附图3为本发明实施例二的主剖视结构示意图；
附图4为附图3中A-A截面剖视结构示意图。
在附图1、2、3、4中：1为旋风分离器外壳、2为中心筒、3为径向支承梁、4为集渣槽。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图并通过两实施例对本发明作进一步解释说明：
实施例一
如附图1、2所示，旋风分离器外壳1为圆筒状结构，圆筒的内壁采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑，形成旋风分离器外壳1内的分离腔室；分离腔室的底部设有集渣槽4；中心筒2置入在分离腔室内，其采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑而成，分离腔室位于集渣槽4上部的内壁上设有径向支承梁3；径向支承梁3为“十”字形结构，其与分离腔室的内壁通过四个连接点连体砌筑或浇筑；中心筒2的下端座落在径向支承梁3上，形成中心筒2下端与径向支承梁3之间的四个支承点；中心筒2的上端与分离腔室的顶面连体砌筑或浇筑连接；径向支承梁3的底面为内弧面拱形结构；中心筒2下端与径向支承梁3上的四个座落点，每相邻两个座落点之间的中心筒3下端面均为内弧面拱形结构。
实施例二
如附图3、4所示，旋风分离器外壳1为圆筒状结构，圆筒的内壁采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑，形成旋风分离器外壳1内的分离腔室；分离腔室的底部设有集渣槽4；中心筒2置入在分离腔室内，其采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑而成，分离腔室位于集渣槽4上部的内壁上设有径向支承梁3；径向支承梁3为“井”字形结构，其与分离腔室的内壁通过八个连接点连体砌筑或浇筑；中心筒2的下端座落在径向支承梁3上，形成中心筒2下端与径向支承梁3之间的八个支承点；中心筒2的上端与分离腔室的顶面连体砌筑或浇筑连接；径向支承梁3的底面为内弧面拱形结构；中心筒2下端与径向支承梁3上的八个座落点，每相邻两个座落点之间的中心筒3下端面均为内弧面拱形结构。
本发明中的非金属中心筒不但具有制作工艺简单，制造成本低的优点，且抗热变形、抗磨损、耐冲刷性能优越，维护使用成本低，使用寿命长。

Claims (4)

1.一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，包括旋风分离器外壳和中心筒，所述的旋风分离器外壳为圆筒状结构，圆筒的内壁采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑成分离腔室；所述分离腔室的底部设有集渣槽；所述的中心筒置入在分离腔室内，其特征在于：
所述的分离腔室内壁上设有径向支承梁；
所述的中心筒采用耐高温耐磨的非金属材料砌筑或浇筑而成，其上端与分离腔室的顶面连体砌筑或浇筑连接，下端与径向支承梁连体砌筑或浇筑。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，其特征在于：
所述径向支承梁的多个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑；
所述径向支承梁的底面为内弧面向上凸起的拱形结构；
所述径向支承梁支承中心筒下端形成多个支承点，每相邻两个支承点之间的中心筒下端面为内弧面向上凸起的拱形结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，其特征在于：所述的径向支承梁为“十”字形结构，其通过四个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒，其特征在于：所述的径向支承梁为“井”字形结构，其通过八个端点与分离腔室的内壁连体砌筑或浇筑。
CN201710089043.5A 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 一种循环流化床旋风分离器内的非金属中心筒 Active CN106642088B (zh)

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US16/487,075 US10995946B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 Cyclone separator having central cylinder made of non-metal refractory material
PCT/CN2017/088077 WO2018149062A1 (zh) 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 一种采用非金属耐火材料制作中心筒的旋风分离器
JP2019507987A JP6613389B2 (ja) 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 非金属耐火材料で製造された中心円筒部を含む旋風分離装置
EP17896996.0A EP3534068B1 (en) 2017-02-20 2017-06-13 Cyclone separator having central cylinder made of non-metallic refractory material

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WO2018149062A1 (zh) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 江苏华威机械制造有限公司 一种采用非金属耐火材料制作中心筒的旋风分离器
CN109355107A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-02-19 江苏华威机械制造有限公司 一种煤制气复合气化装置

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