CN106641054A - Design method of arc height of end-non-isotactic few-leaf oblique line type steel plate spring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a design method of the arc height of an end-non-isotactic few-leaf oblique line type steel plate spring and belongs to the technical field of suspension steel plate springs. According to the design method, the initial tangent line arc height of the end-non-isotactic few-leaf oblique line type steel plate spring can be designed according to structure parameters, the elasticity modulus, the rated load and the remaining tangent line arc height design required value under the rated load of all pieces of springs. It is known by model machine loading deformation experiment tests that the design method of the arc height of the end-non-isotactic few-leaf oblique line type steel plate spring is correct, the accurate and reliable initial tangent line arc height design value can be obtained, and a reliable technological foundation is laid for design of the end-non-isotactic few-leaf oblique line type steel plate spring and CAD software development. By means of the method, the product design level, quality and performance and vehicle driving smoothness can be improved; and meanwhile, the product design and experiment test cost is lowered, and the product development speed is increased.

Description

The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in end

Technical field

The present invention relates to few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure of vehicle suspension leaf spring, particularly end Method for designing.

Background technology

With vehicle energy saving, comfortableization, lightweight, the fast development of safe, few piece variable-section steel sheet spring is because of tool Have lightweight, stock utilization is high, and little without rubbing or rubbing between piece, vibration noise is low, the advantages of long service life, be increasingly subject to The highest attention of vehicle suspension expert, manufacturing enterprise and vehicle manufacture enterprise, and obtained in vehicle suspension system extensively Using.Generally for the design requirement for meeting processing technology, stress intensity, rigidity and hanger thickness, can be by few piece Variable Section Steel Flat spring is processed as the different structure forms such as reinforced parabolic type, bias type, root, reinforcement end, two ends are reinforced, this Outward, because the stress of few flat spring of piece variable-section steel sheet spring the 1st is complex, vertical load is subjected to, while also subject to Torsional load and longitudinal loading, therefore, the thickness and length of the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring designed by reality, more than it The thickness and length of his each flat spring end flat segments, i.e., mostly adopt few piece variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-grade structure in end, with Meet the complicated requirement of the 1st flat spring stress.Understand according to consulting reference materials, predecessor State is inside and outside for few piece oblique line steel plate spring Design and calculating, are both for greatly what the leaf spring of the structures such as end was carried out, and the non-grade structure in reliable end be not given always The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber.The continuous improvement required with Vehicle Speed and its to ride comfort, It is non-to end to wait few piece oblique line steel plate spring of structure to put forward higher requirement, therefore, it is necessary to set up a kind of accurate, reliable The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in end, is few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-grade structure in end Camber design establish reliable technical foundation, meet the structures such as Vehicle Industry fast-developing, vehicle ride performance and end be non- Few piece oblique line steel plate spring design requirement, improve product design level, quality and performance, meet vehicle ride performance Design requirement；Meanwhile, design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed.

The content of the invention

For defect present in above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved be to provide it is a kind of easy, Reliable end is non-wait structure few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber method for designing, its design flow diagram, as shown in Figure 1.It is few The half symmetrical structure of piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring can see Cantilever Beams of Variable Cross Section as, will symmetrical center line see as The root fixing end of half spring, sees spring end stress point as spring end points.End is non-to wait few piece bias type of structure to become The half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of section leaf spring, as shown in Fig. 2 including, spring 1, root shim 2, end pad 3.The half length of each of spring 1 is L_M, it is to be made up of three sections of root flat segments, oblique line section and end flat segments, per piece bullet The thickness of the root flat segments of spring is h_2M, the half of installing space is l₃, the width of each flat spring is b；The end that spring 1 is each Flat segments are non-to wait the thickness and length of structure, i.e. the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring, more than other each thickness and length, respectively The thickness and length of the end flat segments of flat spring is respectively h_1MiAnd l_1Mi, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf；Middle anaplasia is cut Face is oblique line section, and the thickness ratio of each oblique line section is β_i=h_1Mi/h_2M, the distance of the root of oblique line section to spring end points is l_2M= L_M-l₃, the end of oblique line section is to spring end points apart from l_1Mi=l_2Mβ_i ², the initial tangential camber of each flat spring is H_ci.Spring 1 Root shim 2 is provided between the root flat segments of each, between the end flat segments of each of spring 1 end pad 3, end are provided with The material of pad is carbon fibre composite, to reduce the frictional noise produced by spring works.Join in the structure of each flat spring It is non-to end in the case of number, elastic modelling quantity, rated load and the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value under rated load are given Initial tangential camber Deng few piece oblique line steel plate spring of structure is designed.

To solve above-mentioned technical problem, end provided by the present invention is non-to wait few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of structure Method for designing, it is characterised in that using following design procedure：

(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of oblique line steel plate spring under end points stressing conditions_x-DiCalculating：

According to half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_M, width b, half l of installing space₃, oblique line root Portion is to spring end points apart from l_2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness of the oblique line section of the i-th flat spring compares β_i, wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N For number of spring leaf, to end points stressing conditions under deformation coefficient G of each flat spring at end points_x-DiCalculated, i.e.,

(2) End Force F suffered by the oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs under rated load₁Calculating：

I steps：According to root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_2M, and in step (1) it is calculated G_x-Di, determine each flat spring half stiffness K in the clamp state_Mi, i.e.,

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf；

II steps：Half rated load P according to suffered by few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, number of spring leaf N, and I K determined by step_Mi, to End Force F suffered by first flat spring₁Calculated, i.e.,

(3) the bias type spring end deformation f under rated load_DCalculating：

The K according to determined by I steps in step (2)_M1, and F determined by II steps₁, to the steel plate under rated load The Leading Edge Deformation f of spring_DCalculated, i.e.,

(4) design of few piece oblique line steel plate spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end：

According to remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_m, and calculated f in step (3)_D, it is determined that The initial tangential camber of each flat spring, i.e.,

H_ci=H_m+f_D；

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf.

The present invention has the advantage that than prior art

Predecessor State is inside and outside for the design and calculating of few piece oblique line steel plate spring, and the steel plate of the structures such as end is both for greatly What spring was carried out, the method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in reliable end be not given always.This Invention can set according to the structural parameters of each flat spring, elastic modelling quantity, rated load and the remaining tangent line camber under rated load Meter required value, the initial tangential camber of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of grade structure non-to end is designed.Loaded by model machine Deformation test test understands, end provided by the present invention is non-to wait the method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of structure to be Correctly, accurately and reliably initial tangential camber design load is obtained, is few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-grade structure in end Reliable technical foundation has been established in design and CAD software exploitation；Meanwhile, using the method, product design level, product can be improved Quality and vehicle ride performance；Meanwhile, design and experimental test expense can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.

Description of the drawings

For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the design flow diagram of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring camber of the non-grade structure in end；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the half of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-grade structure in end.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.

Embodiment one：The piece number N=2 of certain few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, wherein, the half length of each flat spring L_M=575mm, width b=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments_2M=11mm, half l of installing space₃=55mm, oblique line section Root to spring end points apart from l_2M=L_M-l₃=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa；The end of the 1st flat spring is straight The thickness h of section_1M1=7mm, the thickness of oblique line section compares β₁=h_1M1/h_2M=0.64；The thickness of the end flat segments of the 2nd flat spring h_1M2=6mm, the thickness of oblique line section compares β₂=h_1M2/h_2M=0.55.Half P=1900N of the spring rated load, leaf spring Remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_m=26mm, few piece oblique line shape steel plate bullet of grade structure non-to the end The camber of spring is designed.

The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in end that present example is provided, its design Flow process is as shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps that：

(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of oblique line steel plate spring under end points stressing conditions_x-DiCalculating：

According to half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_M=575mm, width b=60mm, installing space Half l₃=55mm, oblique line root is to spring end points apart from l_2M=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the 1st flat spring The thickness of oblique line section compare β₁The thickness of the oblique line section of the=0.64, the 2nd flat spring compares β₂=0.55, under end points stressing conditions 1st, deformation coefficient G of the 2nd flat spring at end points_x-D1、G_x-D2Calculated, i.e.,

(2) End Force F suffered by the oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs under rated load₁Calculating：

I steps：According to root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_2MCalculate in=11mm, and step (1) The G for obtaining_x-D1=92.70mm⁴/N、G_x-D2=100.64mm⁴/ N, determines the 1st, the 2nd flat spring half in the clamp state Stiffness K_M1、K_M2, i.e.,

II steps：Half rated load P=1900N according to suffered by few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, spring leaf Number N=2, and K determined by I steps_M1=14.36N/mm, K_M2=13.23N/mm, to End Force F suffered by first flat spring₁ Calculated, i.e.,

(3) the bias type spring end deformation f under rated load_DCalculating：

The K according to determined by I steps in step (2)_M1F determined by in=14.36N/mm, and II steps₁= 988.91N, the Leading Edge Deformation f to the leaf spring under rated load_DCalculated, i.e.,

(4) design of few piece oblique line steel plate spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end：

According to remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_mCalculated f in=26mm, and step (3)_D =68.87mm, determines the initial tangential camber of each flat spring, i.e.,

H_c1=H_m+f_D=94.87mm；

H_c2=H_m+f_D=94.87mm.

Tested by prototype test, the tangent line camber design load of spring is reliable, the non-grade structure in end can be met The design requirement of few remaining tangent line camber of the piece oblique line steel plate spring under rated load, as a result shows what the invention was provided The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in end is correct, and parameter design value is accurately and reliably.

Embodiment two：The piece number N=2 of certain few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, wherein, the half length of each flat spring L_M=600mm, width b=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments_2M=12mm, half l of installing space₃=60mm, oblique line section Root to spring end points apart from l_2M=L_M-l₃=540mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa；The end of the 1st flat spring is straight The thickness h of section_1M1=8mm, the thickness of oblique line section compares β₁=h_1M1/h_2M=0.67；The thickness of the end flat segments of the 2nd flat spring h_1M2=7mm, the thickness of oblique line section compares β₂=h_1M2/h_2M=0.58.Half P=2100N of the spring rated load, leaf spring Remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_m=28mm, few piece oblique line shape steel plate bullet of grade structure non-to the end The camber of spring is designed.

Using with the identical method for designing of embodiment one and step, the camber to few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring It is designed, comprises the following steps that：

(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of oblique line steel plate spring under end points stressing conditions_x-DiCalculating：

According to half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_M=600mm, width b=60mm, installing space Half l₃=60mm, oblique line root is to spring end points apart from l_2M=540mm, E=200GPa, the oblique line section of the 1st flat spring Thickness compare β₁The thickness of the oblique line section of the=0.67, the 2nd flat spring compares β₂=0.58, to end points stressing conditions under the 1st, the 2nd Deformation coefficient G of the flat spring at end points_x-D1、G_x-D2Calculated, i.e.,

(2) End Force F suffered by the oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs under rated load₁Calculating：

I steps：According to root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_2MCalculate in=12mm, and step (1) The G for obtaining_x-D1=101.35mm⁴/N、G_x-D2=110.16mm⁴/ N, determine the 1st, the 2nd flat spring in the clamp state one Half stiffness K_M1、K_M2, i.e.,

II steps：Half rated load P=2100N according to suffered by few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, spring leaf Number N=2, and

K determined by I steps_M1=17.05N/mm, K_M2=15.69N/mm, to End Force F suffered by first flat spring₁Enter Row is calculated, i.e.,

(3) the bias type spring end deformation f under rated load_DCalculating：

The K according to determined by I steps in step (2)_M1F determined by in=17.05N/mm, and II steps₁= 1093.60N, the Leading Edge Deformation f to the leaf spring under rated load_DCalculated, i.e.,

(4) design of few piece oblique line steel plate spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end：

According to remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_mCalculated f in=28mm, and step (3)_D =64.14mm, determines the initial tangential camber of each flat spring, i.e.,

H_c1=H_m+f_D=92.14mm；

H_c2=H_m+f_D=92.14mm.

Tested by prototype test, the tangent line camber design load of spring is reliable, the non-grade structure in end can be met The design requirement of few remaining tangent line camber of the piece oblique line steel plate spring under rated load, as a result shows what the invention was provided The method for designing of few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber of the non-grade structure in end is correct, and parameter design value is accurately and reliably.

Claims (1)

1. end it is non-wait structure few piece oblique line steel plate spring camber method for designing, wherein, end it is non-wait structure few piece oblique line The thickness and length of non-grade structure, i.e. the 1st flat spring end flat segments in end of each flat spring of type variable-section steel sheet spring, more than it He each thickness and length；Structural parameters, elastic modelling quantity, rated load and the residue under rated load in each flat spring In the case of tangent line camber design requirement value is given, the initial tangential camber of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the structure such as non-to end is entered Row design, specific design step is as follows：

(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of oblique line steel plate spring under end points stressing conditions_x-DiCalculating：

According to half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_M, width b, half l of installing space₃, oblique line root arrives Spring end points apart from l_2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness of the oblique line section of the i-th flat spring compares β_i, wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are bullet Reed number, to end points stressing conditions under deformation coefficient G of each flat spring at end points_x-DiCalculated, i.e.,

$G_{x-Di}=\frac{4}{Eb}\[{(L_M-l_3/2)}^3-l_{2M}^3\]+\frac{6l_{2M}^3{({\mathrm{\β}}_i+1)}^2\[3({\mathrm{\β}}_i-1)-2{\mathrm{ln\β}}_i(1+{\mathrm{\β}}_i)\]}{Eb}+\frac{4{\mathrm{\β}}_i^3{l}_{2M}^3}{Eb};$

(2) End Force F suffered by the oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs under rated load₁Calculating：

I steps：According to root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring_2M, and calculated G in step (1)_x-Di, Determine each flat spring half stiffness K in the clamp state_Mi, i.e.,

$K_{Mi}=\frac{h_{2M}^3}{G_{x-Di}};$

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf；

II steps：Half rated load P according to suffered by few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring, number of spring leaf N, and I steps In determined by K_Mi, to End Force F suffered by first flat spring₁Calculated, i.e.,

$F_1=\frac{K_{M1}P}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{K}_{Mi}};$

(3) the bias type spring end deformation f under rated load_DCalculating：

The K according to determined by I steps in step (2)_M1, and F determined by II steps₁, to the leaf spring under rated load Leading Edge Deformation f_DCalculated, i.e.,

$f_D=\frac{F_1}{K_{M1}};$

(4) design of few piece oblique line steel plate spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end：

According to remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated load_m, and calculated f in step (3)_D, determine each The initial tangential camber of spring, i.e.,

H_ci=H_m+f_D；

Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf.