CN106402220B - The design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in end - Google Patents
The design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in end Download PDFInfo
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- CN106402220B CN106402220B CN201610907671.5A CN201610907671A CN106402220B CN 106402220 B CN106402220 B CN 106402220B CN 201610907671 A CN201610907671 A CN 201610907671A CN 106402220 B CN106402220 B CN 106402220B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/18—Leaf springs
- F16F1/185—Leaf springs characterised by shape or design of individual leaves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The present invention relates to the design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in end, belong to suspension leaf spring technical field.The present invention can be designed according to the structural parameters of each flat spring, modulus of elasticity, rated load and the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value under rated load, the initial tangential camber of few piece parabolic type leaf spring of grade structure non-to end.Tested by model machine deformation under load test, the design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in end provided by the present invention is correct, available accurately and reliably initial tangential camber design load, reliable technical foundation is established for the design and CAD software exploitation of few piece parabolic type leaf spring of the non-grade structure in end.Horizontal product design, quality and performance and vehicle ride performance can be improved using this method, meanwhile, product design and experimental test expense are reduced, accelerates product development speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the non-few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber for waiting structure in vehicle suspension leaf spring, particularly end
Design method.
Background technology
With vehicle energy saving, comfortableization, lightweight, the fast development of safe, few piece variable-section steel sheet spring is because of tool
There is the advantages that in light weight, stock utilization is high, small without rubbing or rubbing between piece, and vibration noise is low, and service life is long, be increasingly subject to
The highest attention of vehicle suspension expert, manufacturing enterprise and vehicle manufacture enterprise, and obtained extensively in vehicle suspension system
Using., can be by few piece Variable Section Steel generally for the design requirement for meeting processing technology, stress intensity, rigidity and hanger thickness
Flat spring is processed as the different structure forms such as reinforced parabolic type, bias type, root, reinforcement end, both ends are reinforced, this
Outside, because the stress of few flat spring of piece variable-section steel sheet spring the 1st is complex, it is subjected to vertical load, while also subject to
Torsional load and longitudinal loading, therefore, the thickness and length of the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring designed by reality, more than it
The thickness and length of his each flat spring end flat segments, i.e., the non-few piece variable-section steel sheet spring for waiting structure in end is mostly used, with
Meet the complicated requirement of the 1st flat spring stress.Understood according to consulting reference materials, predecessor State is inside and outside for few piece parabolic type leaf spring
Design and calculating, greatly both for the structures such as end leaf spring carry out, do not provided always reliable end it is non-wait structure
Few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber design method.With Vehicle Speed and its constantly carrying to ride comfort requirement
Height, the few piece parabolic type leaf spring for waiting structure non-to end propose higher requirement, therefore, it is necessary to establish it is a kind of accurate,
The design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the reliable non-grade structure in end, it is the non-few piece parabola for waiting structure in end
Reliable technical foundation is established in the camber design of steel plate spring, meet Vehicle Industry fast-developing, vehicle ride performance and
The design requirement of few piece parabolic type leaf spring of the non-grade structure in end, improves horizontal product design, quality and performance, meets car
The design requirement of ride performance;Meanwhile design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed.
The content of the invention
For defect present in above-mentioned prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of easy,
The design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the reliable non-grade structure in end, its design flow diagram, as shown in Figure 1.
The half symmetrical structure of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring can see Cantilever Beams of Variable Cross Section as, i.e., see symmetrical center line
As the root fixing end of half spring, spring end stress point is seen as spring end points.The non-few piece parabolic for waiting structure in end
The half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of line style variable-section steel sheet spring, as shown in Fig. 2 including, spring 1, root shim 2, end
Portion's pad 3.The half length of each of spring 1 is LM, it is by three sections of root flat segments, parabolic segment and end flat segments institute's structures
Into the thickness of the root flat segments per flat spring is h2M, clipping room away from half be l3, the width of each flat spring is b;Spring 1
The non-thickness and length for waiting structure, i.e. the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring of end flat segments of each, more than other each flat spring ends
The thickness and length of portion's flat segments, the thickness and length of the end flat segments of each flat spring are respectively h1MiAnd l1Mi, i=1,
2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf;Middle variable cross-section is parabolic segment, and the thickness ratio of each parabolic segment is βi=h1Mi/h2M, parabolic
The root of line segment to the distance of spring end points be l2M=LM-l3, the distance l of the end of parabolic segment to spring end points1Mi=l2M
βi 2, the vertical range between the next each flat spring end upper surface horizontal tangent of mounting clip and spring center upper surface is Hci, i.e.,
The initial tangential camber of each flat spring is Hci.Root shim 2 is provided between the root flat segments of each of spring 1, each of spring 1
End pad 3 is provided between the flat segments of end, the material of end pad is carbon fibre composite, is produced to reduce spring works
Raw frictional noise.In the structural parameters of each flat spring, modulus of elasticity, rated load and the remaining tangent line arc under rated load
In the case of high design requirement value is given, the initial tangential camber of few piece parabolic type leaf spring of the structure such as non-to end is set
Meter.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the non-few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber for waiting structure in end provided by the present invention
Design method, it is characterised in that use following design procedure:
(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of parabolic type leaf spring under end points stressing conditionsx-DiCalculating:
According to the half length L of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, parabolic
Distance l of the line root to spring end points2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the i-th flat springi, wherein, i=1,
2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf, to deformation coefficient G of each flat spring under end points stressing conditions at end pointsx-DiCalculated,
I.e.
(2) End Force F suffered by the parabolic type leaf spring head flat springs under rated load1Calculating:
I steps:According to the root thickness h of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring2M, and be calculated in step (1)
Gx-Di, determine the half stiffness K of each flat spring in the clamp stateMi, i.e.,
Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf;
II steps:Half rated load P, number of spring leaf N according to suffered by few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring, and
Identified K in I stepsMi, to the End Force F suffered by the parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring head flat springs under rated load1
Calculated, i.e.,
(3) the parabolic type spring end deformation f under rated loadDCalculating:
According to K determined by I steps in step (2)M1, and identified F in II steps1, to the steel plate under rated load
The Leading Edge Deformation f of springDCalculated, i.e.,
(4) design of few piece parabolic type leaf spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end:
According to the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated loadm, and the f being calculated in step (3)D, it is determined that
The initial tangential camber of each flat spring, i.e.,
Hci=Hm+fD;
Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf.
The present invention has the advantage that than prior art
The inside and outside design and calculating for few piece parabolic type leaf spring of predecessor State, the greatly steel both for structures such as ends
What flat spring was carried out, do not provided the design side of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in reliable end always
Method.The present invention can be according to the structural parameters of each flat spring, modulus of elasticity, rated load and the remaining tangent line arc under rated load
High design requirement value, the initial tangential camber of few piece parabolic type leaf spring of grade structure non-to end are designed.Pass through sample
Machine deformation under load test test understands that few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of structure such as end provided by the present invention is non-are set
Meter method is correct, can obtain accurately and reliably initial tangential camber design load, is the non-few piece parabolic type for waiting structure in end
Reliable technical foundation has been established in design and the CAD software exploitation of leaf spring;Meanwhile using this method, product can be improved and set
Meter level, product quality and vehicle ride performance;Meanwhile design and experimental test expense can be also reduced, accelerate product development
Speed.
Brief description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the design flow diagram of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring camber of the non-grade structure in end;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the half of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring of the non-grade structure in end.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.
Embodiment one:The piece number N=2 of certain few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring, wherein, the half length of each flat spring
Spend LM=575mm, width b=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments2M=11mm, clipping room away from half l3=55mm, parabolic
Distance l of the root of line segment to spring end points2M=LM-l3=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa;The end of 1st flat spring
The thickness h of flat segments1M1=7mm, the thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=h1M1/h2M=0.64;The end flat segments of 2nd flat spring
Thickness h1M2=6mm, the thickness ratio β of parabolic segment2=h1M2/h2M=0.55.The half P=1900N of the spring rated load, steel
Remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H of the flat spring under rated loadm=26mm, the few piece parabola for waiting structure non-to the end
The camber of steel plate spring is designed.
The design method of the few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber for the non-grade structure in end that present example is provided, it sets
Flow is counted as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps that:
(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of parabolic type leaf spring under end points stressing conditionsx-DiCalculating:
According to the half length L of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet springM=575mm, width b=60mm, clipping room
Away from half l3=55mm, the distance l of parabola root to spring end points2M=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the 1st
The thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of spring1The thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of=0.64, the 2nd flat spring2=0.55, to end points stress
In the case of the 1st, deformation coefficient G of the 2nd flat spring at end pointsx-D1、Gx-D2Calculated, i.e.,
(2) End Force F suffered by the parabolic type leaf spring head flat springs under rated load1Calculating:
I steps:According to the root thickness h of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring2M=11mm, and step (1) are fallen into a trap
Obtained Gx-D1=89.29mm4/N、Gx-D2=93.78mm4/ N, determine the 1st, the 2nd flat spring in the clamp state one
Half stiffness KM1、KM2, i.e.,
II steps:Half rated load P=1900N according to suffered by few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring, spring
Piece number N=2, and identified K in I stepsM1=14.91N/mm, KM2=14.19N/mm, to the parabolic type under rated load
End Force F suffered by variable-section steel sheet spring head flat springs1Calculated, i.e.,
(3) the parabolic type spring end deformation f under rated loadDCalculating:
According to K determined by I steps in step (2)M1Identified F in=14.91N/mm, and II steps1=
973.51N, to the Leading Edge Deformation f of the leaf spring under rated loadDCalculated, i.e.,
(4) design of few piece parabolic type leaf spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end:
According to the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated loadmThe f being calculated in=26mm, and step (3)D
=65.29mm, the initial tangential camber of each flat spring is determined, i.e.,
Hc1=Hm+fD=91.29mm;
Hc2=Hm+fD=91.29mm.
Tested by prototype test, the tangent line camber design load of spring is reliable, can meet the non-grade structure in end
The design requirement of few remaining tangent line camber of the piece parabolic type leaf spring under rated load, the results showed that the invention is provided
The non-design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber for waiting structure in end be correct, parameter design value is accurately and reliably
's.
Embodiment two:The piece number N=2 of certain few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring, wherein, the half length of each flat spring
Spend LM=600mm, width b=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments2M=12mm, clipping room away from half l3=60mm, parabolic
Distance l of the root of line segment to spring end points2M=LM-l3=540mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa;The end of 1st flat spring
The thickness h of flat segments1M1=8mm, the thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=h1M1/h2M=0.67;The end flat segments of 2nd flat spring
Thickness h1M2=7mm, the thickness ratio β of parabolic segment2=h1M2/h2M=0.58.The half P=2100N of the spring rated load, steel
Remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H of the flat spring under rated loadm=28mm, the few piece parabola for waiting structure non-to the end
The camber of steel plate spring is designed.
Using with the identical design method of embodiment one and step, the arc of piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring is lacked to this
Height is designed, and is comprised the following steps that:
(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of parabolic type leaf spring under end points stressing conditionsx-DiCalculating:
According to the half length L of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet springM=600mm, width b=60mm, clipping room
Away from half l3=60mm, the distance l of parabola root to spring end points2M=540mm, E=200GPa, the throwing of the 1st flat spring
The thickness ratio β of thing line segment1The thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of=0.67, the 2nd flat spring2=0.58, under end points stressing conditions
1st, deformation coefficient G of the 2nd flat spring at end pointsx-D1、Gx-D2Calculated, i.e.,
(2) End Force F suffered by the parabolic type leaf spring head flat springs under rated load1Calculating:
I steps:According to the root thickness h of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring2M=12mm, and step (1) are fallen into a trap
Obtained Gx-D1=98.43mm4/N、Gx-D2=103.99mm4/ N, determine the 1st, the 2nd flat spring in the clamp state one
Half stiffness KM1、KM2, i.e.,
II steps:Half rated load P=2100N according to suffered by few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring, spring
Piece number N=2, and identified K in I stepsM1=17.56N/mm, KM2=16.62N/mm, to the parabolic type under rated load
End Force F suffered by variable-section steel sheet spring head flat springs1Calculated, i.e.,
(3) the parabolic type spring end deformation f under rated loadDCalculating:
According to K determined by I steps in step (2)M1Identified F in=17.56N/mm, and II steps1=
1078.90N, to the Leading Edge Deformation f of the leaf spring under rated loadDCalculated, i.e.,
(4) design of few piece parabolic type leaf spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end:
According to the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated loadmThe f being calculated in=28mm, and step (3)D
=61.44mm, the initial tangential camber of each flat spring is determined, i.e.,
Hc1=Hm+fD=89.44mm;
Hc2=Hm+fD=89.44mm.
Tested by prototype test, the tangent line camber design load of spring is reliable, can meet the non-grade structure in end
The design requirement of few remaining tangent line camber of the piece parabolic type leaf spring under rated load, the results showed that the invention is provided
The non-design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber for waiting structure in end be correct, parameter design value is accurately and reliably
's.
Claims (1)
1. the design method of few piece parabolic type leaf spring camber of the non-grade structure in end, wherein, the non-few piece for waiting structure in end is thrown
The non-thickness and length for waiting structure, i.e. the 1st flat spring end flat segments in end of each flat spring of thing line style variable-section steel sheet spring, greatly
In the thickness and length of other each flat spring end flat segments;Spring camber refers to spring end upper surface horizontal tangent and spring
Vertical range between center upper surface, i.e. spring tangent line camber;In the structural parameters of each flat spring, modulus of elasticity, specified load
In the case of lotus and the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value under rated load give, the few piece parabolic type for waiting structure non-to end
The initial tangential camber of leaf spring is designed, it is characterised in that using design procedure in detail below:
(1) each flat spring end points deformation coefficient G of parabolic type leaf spring under end points stressing conditionsx-DiCalculating:
According to the half length L of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, parabola root
Distance l of the portion to spring end points2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness ratio β of the parabolic segment of the i-th flat springi, wherein, i=1,2 ...,
N, N are number of spring leaf, to deformation coefficient G of each flat spring under end points stressing conditions at end pointsx-DiCalculated, i.e.,
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(2) End Force F suffered by the parabolic type leaf spring head flat springs under rated load1Calculating:
I steps:According to the root thickness h of few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring2M, and be calculated in step (1)
Gx-Di, determine the half stiffness K of each flat spring in the clamp stateMi, i.e.,
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Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf;
II steps:Half rated load P, number of spring leaf N, and I step according to suffered by few piece parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring
Identified K in rapidMi, to the End Force F suffered by the parabolic type variable-section steel sheet spring head flat springs under rated load1Carry out
Calculate, i.e.,
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<mi>F</mi>
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(3) the parabolic type spring end deformation f under rated loadDCalculating:
According to K determined by I steps in step (2)M1, and identified F in II steps1, to the leaf spring under rated load
Leading Edge Deformation fDCalculated, i.e.,
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(4) design of few piece parabolic type leaf spring initial tangential camber of the non-grade structure in end:
According to the remaining tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated loadm, and the f being calculated in step (3)D, determine each
The initial tangential camber of spring, i.e.,
Hci=Hm+fD;
Wherein, i=1,2 ..., N, N are number of spring leaf.
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CN201963791U (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-09-07 | 重庆红旗弹簧有限公司 | Parabolic leaf spring assembly |
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CN105678035B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-11-20 | 扬州市明峰弹簧有限公司 | The auxiliary spring of the reinforced major-minor spring in non-end contact root works load Method for Checking |
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