CN106369090B - The non-equal structures in end lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection - Google Patents
The non-equal structures in end lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection Download PDFInfo
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- CN106369090B CN106369090B CN201610907520.XA CN201610907520A CN106369090B CN 106369090 B CN106369090 B CN 106369090B CN 201610907520 A CN201610907520 A CN 201610907520A CN 106369090 B CN106369090 B CN 106369090B
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- spring
- oblique line
- steel plate
- deflection
- plate spring
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/18—Leaf springs
- F16F1/20—Leaf springs with layers, e.g. anti-friction layers, or with rollers between the leaves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The present invention relates to the non-equal structures in end to lack the design method that piece oblique line steel plate spring limits amount of deflection, belongs to suspension leaf spring technical field.The present invention can be designed according to the structural parameters of each flat spring, elasticity modulus, maximum allowable safe stress and limited block drift, the limit amount of deflection of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of equal structures non-to end.By model machine deformation under load test is tested, it is correct that the non-equal structures in end provided by the present invention, which lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection, it is available accurately and reliably to limit amount of deflection design value, it is that reliable technical foundation has been established in the design of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in end and CAD software exploitation.Horizontal product design, quality and performance and vehicle ride performance can be improved using this method, meanwhile, product design and experimental test expense are reduced, product development speed is accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the non-equal structures in vehicle suspension leaf spring, especially end to lack piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection
Design method.
Background technology
With vehicle energy saving, comfortableization, lightweight, the fast development of safe, few piece variable-section steel sheet spring is because of tool
There is the advantages that light-weight, stock utilization is high, small without rubbing or rubbing between piece, and vibration noise is low, and service life is long, is increasingly subject to
The highest attention of vehicle suspension expert, manufacturing enterprise and vehicle manufacture enterprise, and obtained extensively in vehicle suspension system
Using.It, can be by few piece Variable Section Steel generally for the design requirement for meeting processing technology, stress intensity, rigidity and lifting lug thickness
Flat spring is processed as the different structures forms such as reinforced parabolic type, bias type, root, reinforcement end, both ends are reinforced, this
Outside, since the stress of few the 1st flat spring of piece variable-section steel sheet spring is complex, it is subjected to vertical load, while also subject to
Torsional load and longitudinal loading, therefore, the thickness and length of the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring designed by reality are more than it
The thickness and length of his each flat spring end flat segments mostly use the non-few piece variable-section steel sheet spring for waiting structures in end, with
Meet the requirement of the 1st flat spring stress complexity.According to consulting reference materials it is found that not provided reliable end inside and outside predecessor State always non-
Equal structures lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection.It is required not with Vehicle Speed and its to ride comfort
Disconnected raising, more stringent requirements are proposed for few piece oblique line steel plate spring of equal structures non-to end, therefore, it is necessary to establish a kind of standard
The structures such as really, reliable end is non-lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection, are that few piece of the non-equal structures in end is oblique
Reliable technical foundation is established in the limit amount of deflection design of line style leaf spring, meets Vehicle Industry fast development, vehicle traveling is put down
The design requirement of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in pliable and end, improves horizontal product design, quality and performance, full
The design requirement of sufficient vehicle ride performance；Meanwhile design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed.
Invention content
Defect present in for the above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide it is a kind of it is easy,
The non-design method for waiting structures to lack piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection in reliable end, design flow diagram, as shown in Figure 1.
The half symmetrical structure of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring can see Cantilever Beams of Variable Cross Section as, i.e., regard symmetrical center line as
For the root fixing end of half spring, spring end stress point is seen as spring endpoint.Few piece bias type of the non-equal structures in end
The half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of variable-section steel sheet spring, as shown in Fig. 2, including, spring 1, root shim 2, end pad
Piece 3.The half length of 1 each, spring is LM, it is to be made of three sections of root flat segments, oblique line section and end flat segments, every
The thickness of the root flat segments of spring is h2M, clipping room away from half be l3, the width of each flat spring is b；The end that spring is 1 each
The non-equal structures of portion's flat segments, the i.e. thickness and length of the end flat segments of the 1st flat spring, are more than other each flat spring end flat segments
Thickness and length, the thickness and length of the end flat segments of each flat spring are respectively h1MiAnd l1Mi, i=1,2 ..., N, N is bullet
Reed number；Intermediate variable cross-section is oblique line section, and the thickness ratio of each oblique line section is βi=h1Mi/h2M, the root of oblique line section to spring terminal
The distance of point is l2M=LM-l3, the distance l of the end of oblique line section to spring endpoint1Mi=l2Mβi 2.The root that spring is 1 each is straight
It is equipped with root shim 2 between section, end pad 3 is equipped between the end flat segments of 1 each, spring, the material of end pad is carbon
Fibrous composite, to reduce frictional noise caused by spring works.In the structural parameters of each flat spring, elasticity modulus, most
In the case of big safe stress allowable and limited block drift give, the limit of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in end
Amount of deflection is designed.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the non-equal structures in end provided by the present invention lack piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection
Design method, it is characterised in that use following design procedure：
(1) the oblique line steel plate spring head flat spring endpoint deformation coefficients G under endpoint stressing conditionsx-D1Calculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, oblique line root
Distance l of the portion to spring endpoint2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness ratio β of the oblique line section of the 1st flat spring1, under endpoint stressing conditions
Deformation coefficient G of the first flat spring at endpointx-D1It is calculated, i.e.,
(2) the half stiffness K of oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs in the clamp stateM1Calculating：
According to the root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring2MAnd the G being calculated in step (1)x-D1, really
The half stiffness K of fixed head flat springs in the clamp stateM1, i.e.,
(3) the half maximum load F suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stressmaxCalculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, root thickness
Spend h2MAnd maximum allowable safe stress [σ], determine that the half maximum suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stress carries
Lotus Fmax, i.e.,
(4) few piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection h of the non-equal structures in endxwDesign：
I steps：According to the K being calculated in step (2)M1And identified F in step (3)max, under maximum load
The Leading Edge Deformation f of leaf springmIt is calculated, i.e.,
II steps：According to the drift L of limited blockxwAnd the f being calculated in I stepsm, determine the non-equal structures in end
The limit amount of deflection of few piece oblique line steel plate spring, i.e.,
The present invention has the advantage that than the prior art
It had not provided the non-equal structures in reliable end inside and outside predecessor State always and has lacked setting for piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection
Meter method.The present invention can freely be grown according to the structural parameters of each flat spring, elasticity modulus, maximum allowable safe stress and limited block
Degree, the limit amount of deflection for waiting few piece oblique line steel plate spring of structures non-to end are designed.It is surveyed by model machine deformation under load test
Examination it is found that the non-equal structures in end provided by the present invention lack piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection design method be it is correct,
It is available accurately and reliably to limit amount of deflection design value, it is soft for the design and CAD of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in end
Reliable technical foundation has been established in part exploitation；Meanwhile using this method, horizontal product design, product quality and vehicle can be improved
Ride performance；Meanwhile design and experimental test expense can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.
Description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the design flow diagram that the non-equal structures in end lack piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the half that the non-equal structures in end lack piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment one：The half length L of certain each flat spring of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=575mm, width b
=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments2M=11mm, clipping room away from half l3=55mm, the root of oblique line section to spring endpoint
Distance l2M=LM-l3=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa；The thickness h of the end flat segments of 1st flat spring1M1=7mm,
The thickness ratio β of oblique line section1=h1M1/h2M=0.64, the drift L of limited blockxw=15mm.The maximum allowable safety of the spring
The limit amount of deflection of stress [σ]=900MPa, few piece oblique line steel plate spring of equal structures non-to the end is designed.
The non-equal structures in end that present example is provided lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection, set
Flow is counted as shown in Figure 1, being as follows：
(1) the oblique line steel plate spring head flat spring endpoint deformation coefficients G under endpoint stressing conditionsx-D1Calculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=575mm, width b=60mm, clipping room away from
Half l3=55mm, the distance l of oblique line root to spring endpoint2M=520mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the 1st flat spring
Oblique line section thickness ratio β1=0.64, to deformation coefficient G of the first flat spring under endpoint stressing conditions at endpointx-D1It carries out
It calculates, i.e.,
(2) the half stiffness K of oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs in the clamp stateM1Calculating：
According to the root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring2MIt is calculated in=11mm and step (1)
Gx-D1=92.70mm4/ N determines the half stiffness K of head flat springs in the clamp stateM1, i.e.,
(3) the half maximum load F suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stressmaxCalculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=575mm, width b=60mm, clipping room away from
Half l3=55mm, root thickness h2M=11mm and maximum allowable safe stress [σ]=900MPa, determination are permitted based on maximum
Half maximum load F suffered by first flat spring with safe stressmax, i.e.,
(4) few piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection h of the non-equal structures in endxwDesign：
I steps：According to the K being calculated in step (2)M1Identified F in=14.36N/mm and step (3)max=
1989N, to the Leading Edge Deformation f of the leaf spring under maximum loadmIt is calculated, i.e.,
II steps：According to the drift L of limited blockxwThe f being calculated in=15mm and I stepsm=138.51mm,
Determine the limit amount of deflection of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in end, i.e.,
By prototype test test it is found that the limit amount of deflection design value of spring is reliable, the non-equal structures in end can be met
Few piece oblique line steel plate spring limits the design requirement of amount of deflection, the results showed that the non-equal structures in end that the invention is provided lack piece oblique line
The design method that steel plate spring limits amount of deflection is correct, and parameter design value is accurately and reliably.
Embodiment two：The half length L of certain each flat spring of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=600mm, width b
=60mm, the thickness h of root flat segments2M=12mm, clipping room away from half l3=60mm, the root of oblique line section to spring endpoint
Distance l2M=LM-l3=540mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa；The thickness h of the end flat segments of 1st flat spring1M1=8mm,
The thickness ratio β of oblique line section1=h1M1/h2M=0.67, the drift L of limited blockxw=12mm.The maximum allowable safety of the spring
The limit amount of deflection of stress [σ]=900MPa, few piece oblique line steel plate spring of equal structures non-to the end is designed.
Using design method identical with embodiment one and step, the camber of piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring is lacked to this
It is designed, is as follows：
(1) the oblique line steel plate spring head flat spring endpoint deformation coefficients G under endpoint stressing conditionsx-D1Calculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=600mm, width b=60mm, clipping room away from
Half l3=60mm, the distance l of oblique line root to spring endpoint2M=540mm, E=200GPa, the oblique line section of the 1st flat spring
Thickness ratio β1=0.67, to deformation coefficient G of the first flat spring under endpoint stressing conditions at endpointx-D1It is calculated, i.e.,
(2) the half stiffness K of oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs in the clamp stateM1Calculating：
According to the root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring2MIt is calculated in=12mm and step (1)
Gx-D1=101.35mm4/ N determines the half stiffness K of head flat springs in the clamp stateM1, i.e.,
(3) the half maximum load F suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stressmaxCalculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM=600mm, width b=60mm, clipping room away from
Half l3=60mm, root thickness h2M=12mm and maximum allowable safe stress [σ]=900MPa, determination are permitted based on maximum
Half maximum load F suffered by first flat spring with safe stressmax, i.e.,
(4) few piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection h of the non-equal structures in endxwDesign：
I steps：According to the K being calculated in step (2)M1Identified F in=17.05N/mm and step (3)max=
2273.70N, to the Leading Edge Deformation f of the leaf spring under maximum loadmIt is calculated, i.e.,
II steps：According to the drift L of limited blockxwThe f being calculated in=12mm and I stepsm=133.35mm,
Determine the limit amount of deflection of few piece oblique line steel plate spring of the non-equal structures in end, i.e.,
By prototype test test it is found that the limit amount of deflection design value of spring is reliable, the non-equal structures in end can be met
Few piece oblique line steel plate spring limits the design requirement of amount of deflection, the results showed that the non-equal structures in end that the invention is provided lack piece oblique line
The design method that steel plate spring limits amount of deflection is correct, and parameter design value is accurately and reliably.
Claims (1)
1. the non-equal structures in end lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection, wherein the non-few piece for waiting structures in end is oblique
The non-equal structures in end of each flat spring of line style variable-section steel sheet spring, the i.e. thickness and length of the 1st flat spring end flat segments, are more than
The thickness and length of other each flat spring end flat segments；In structural parameters, elasticity modulus, the maximum allowable safety of each flat spring
In the case of stress and limited block drift are given, the limit amount of deflection for waiting few piece oblique line steel plate spring of structures non-to end carries out
Design, specific design procedure are as follows：
(1) the oblique line steel plate spring head flat spring endpoint deformation coefficients G under endpoint stressing conditionsx-D1Calculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, oblique line root is arrived
The distance l of spring endpoint2M, elastic modulus E, the thickness ratio β of the oblique line section of the 1st flat spring1, to first under endpoint stressing conditions
Deformation coefficient G of the spring at endpointx-D1It is calculated, i.e.,
(2) the half stiffness K of oblique line steel plate spring head flat springs in the clamp stateM1Calculating：
According to the root thickness h of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet spring2MAnd the G being calculated in step (1)x-D1, determine first
The half stiffness K of flat spring in the clamp stateM1, i.e.,
(3) the half maximum load F suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stressmaxCalculating：
According to the half length L of few piece bias type variable-section steel sheet springM, width b, clipping room away from half l3, root thickness
h2MAnd maximum allowable safe stress [σ], determine the half maximum load suffered by the first flat spring based on maximum allowable safe stress
Fmax, i.e.,
(4) few piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection h of the non-equal structures in endxwDesign：
I steps：According to the K being calculated in step (2)M1And identified F in step (3)max, to the steel plate under maximum load
The Leading Edge Deformation f of springmIt is calculated, i.e.,
II steps：According to the drift L of limited blockxwAnd the f being calculated in I stepsm, determine few piece of the non-equal structures in end
The limit amount of deflection of oblique line steel plate spring, i.e.,
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| CN201610907520.XA CN106369090B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | The non-equal structures in end lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection |
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| CN201610907520.XA CN106369090B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | The non-equal structures in end lack the design method of piece oblique line steel plate spring limit amount of deflection |
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| CN106369090B true CN106369090B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3672656A (en) * | 1969-08-01 | 1972-06-27 | Nissan Motor | Multi-leaf spring for automotive suspension |
| CN102734364A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 山东理工大学 | Analytical design method of camber and surface shape of automobile plate spring |
| CN105526290A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-04-27 | 周长城 | Method for designing gaps of end straight sections of diagonal few-leaf main springs and auxiliary springs |
| CN105550483A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-04 | 山东恒日悬架弹簧有限公司 | End-heterogeneous taper slanting leaf spring with variable cross-section |
| CN105653883A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-08 | 周长城 | Method for checking useful load of auxiliary springs of non-end contact diagonal main and auxiliary spring |
| CN105843988A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 周长城 | Checking calculation method of auxiliary spring working load of end part contact-type diagonal type main and auxiliary springs |
-
2016
- 2016-10-18 CN CN201610907520.XA patent/CN106369090B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3672656A (en) * | 1969-08-01 | 1972-06-27 | Nissan Motor | Multi-leaf spring for automotive suspension |
| CN102734364A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 山东理工大学 | Analytical design method of camber and surface shape of automobile plate spring |
| CN105550483A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-04 | 山东恒日悬架弹簧有限公司 | End-heterogeneous taper slanting leaf spring with variable cross-section |
| CN105526290A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-04-27 | 周长城 | Method for designing gaps of end straight sections of diagonal few-leaf main springs and auxiliary springs |
| CN105653883A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-08 | 周长城 | Method for checking useful load of auxiliary springs of non-end contact diagonal main and auxiliary spring |
| CN105843988A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 周长城 | Checking calculation method of auxiliary spring working load of end part contact-type diagonal type main and auxiliary springs |
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