CN106640533B - Self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and wind driven generator - Google Patents

Self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and wind driven generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106640533B
CN106640533B CN201611255112.7A CN201611255112A CN106640533B CN 106640533 B CN106640533 B CN 106640533B CN 201611255112 A CN201611255112 A CN 201611255112A CN 106640533 B CN106640533 B CN 106640533B
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wind
motor
self
rotor
blade
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CN106640533A (en
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鲁效平
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CRRC Wind Power Shandong Co Ltd
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CRRC Wind Power Shandong Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/065Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224Adjusting blade pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/75Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism not using auxiliary power sources, e.g. servos
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and a wind driven generator, wherein the wind driven generator driving device comprises a tower frame, the top end of the tower frame is provided with a wind wheel and a motor, the wind wheel comprises a plurality of blades, each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable-pitch device, and the self-adaptive variable-pitch devices are arranged on a rotor of the motor; the wind gathering guide cover is arranged below the wind wheel and used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, so that the wind wheel drives a rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy.

Description

Self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and wind driven generator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and a wind driven generator.
Background
China has rich wind energy resources and rapid wind power development. The wind turbine generator mainly comprises a horizontal shaft and a vertical shaft, the large-scale wind turbine generator generally adopts a horizontal shaft scheme, and the horizontal shaft and vertical shaft schemes in the small-scale wind turbine generator are applied. The horizontal axis scheme mainly utilizes the lift force of the blades to do work, has the advantages of higher power coefficient and needs to adjust the wind direction according to the change of the wind direction and bear larger bending moment on the tower; the vertical shaft scheme is diversified, and mainly comprises a resistance type, a lift type and a mixed type, wherein the resistance type comprises an S type, a wind cup type and the like, and the vertical shaft has the advantages of simple wing profile, good self-starting performance and low wind power utilization coefficient; the lift type comprises an H type, a phi type and the like, and has the advantages of high wind energy utilization rate and poor self-starting property due to the need of special wing profiles; the hybrid type has the advantages of a lift type and a resistance type, but the structure is more complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a driving device of a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine.
The invention discloses a self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving device, which comprises a tower frame, wherein the top end of the tower frame is provided with a wind wheel and a motor, the wind wheel comprises a plurality of blades, each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable-pitch device, and the self-adaptive variable-pitch devices are arranged on a rotor of the motor; the wind gathering guide cover is arranged below the wind wheel and used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, so that the wind wheel drives a rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy.
Preferably, the adaptive pitch control device comprises a first support shaft, a blade root shaft, a torsion spring and a second support bearing; the blade root shaft is fixedly connected with the blades, the blade root shaft is respectively connected with the first supporting bearing and the second supporting bearing, the first supporting bearing and the second supporting bearing are both installed on a rotor of the motor, the torsional spring is further sleeved on the blade root shaft, and the torsional spring is also fixed on the rotor of the motor.
Because the torsion spring presets a certain torque, the pneumatic torque acted on the blade root shaft when the magnitude is the rated wind speed. In the initial state, the blade is fixed at the optimal windward angle, and the blade can capture the maximum wind energy at the angle. The working process of the self-adaptive variable pitch device is as follows: when the wind power generation speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the blade is at an initial windward angle under the action of the pre-tightening torque of the torsion spring, and the wind power generator captures the maximum wind energy at the current wind speed; when the wind power is higher than the rated wind speed, the air moment acting on the blade root shaft exceeds the preset torque of the torsion spring, the windward angle of the blade rotates towards the feathering direction under the action of the aerodynamic moment, the aerodynamic moment acting on the blade is correspondingly reduced until the aerodynamic moment and the preset torque reach balance, and the power captured by the wind wheel is stabilized at the rated power at the moment.
Further, still install the safety cover on the pylon, the safety cover is installed in the wind wheel top. The purpose of protection casing is that protection blade and motor do not receive the influence of sleet hail thunderbolt, can effectively prevent biological invasion simultaneously.
Preferably, the number of blades is at least 3. The 3 blades are the lowest limit to meet the requirement of minimum wind power generation, and the specific number of the blades is determined according to actual conditions.
Preferably, the adaptive pitch devices are mounted on the rotor of the motor at equal intervals. Therefore, the blades connected with the self-adaptive variable pitch device can be uniformly arranged on the rotor of the motor, the stability of the driving device of the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind driven generator can be ensured, and the requirement of rapid and stable power generation can be met.
Furthermore, a hub is further installed on a rotor of the motor, and a blade root shaft penetrates through the hub to be fixedly connected with the blades. The hub mainly plays a role in protecting the motor and the self-adaptive variable pitch device, and simultaneously generates negative pressure on the leeward side of the wind wheel by utilizing a lift force principle generated by the wing profile to perform secondary acceleration on the wind speed passing through the wind wheel.
Preferably, the motor is a disc type outer rotor motor, a rotor of the motor and the wind wheel are fixed together and rotate around a stator of the motor together, and the stator of the motor is fixedly connected to the tower.
Furthermore, a cable is further arranged in the tower and connected with the motor. The tower mainly plays a role in supporting and fixing, so that the cable arranged in the tower can transmit electric energy output by the motor to a power demand device.
The invention also provides a working method of the self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving device.
The working method of the self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving device comprises the following steps:
step 1: the wind gathering guide cover is used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, and the wind wheel drives the rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy;
step 2: the self-adaptive variable pitch device automatically adjusts the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed, and self-adaptive control of power and load is realized.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator.
The wind driven generator comprises the self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the wind gathering air guide sleeve can gather and concentrate wind energy, improve the quality of the wind energy and improve the working efficiency of a generator; the wind-gathering air guide sleeve can gather wind energy in all directions, and a yaw wind-aligning device is not needed;
(2) each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable pitch device, and the device does not need a power source, can automatically change the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed and realizes the self-adaptive control of power and power;
(3) the rotating parts of the wind driven generator are hidden in the air guide sleeve, so that the wind driven generator does not cause visual pollution, does not influence the natural environment, is not influenced by rain, snow, hail and biological invasion, and can be widely applied in cities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive configuration of the present invention;
figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a wind rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive pitch device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a protective cover; 2. a hub; 3. a blade; 5. a wind gathering and guiding cover; 6. a self-adaptive variable pitch device; 7. a rotor of the motor; 8. a tower; 9. a first support bearing; 10. a torsion spring; 11. a second support bearing; 12. the axis of the leaf root.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be connected internally between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the driving device structure of the adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. The self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving device comprises a tower 8, wherein a wind wheel and a motor are installed at the top end of the tower 8, a wind gathering guide cover 5 is further installed on the tower 8, the wind gathering guide cover 5 is located below the wind wheel, and the wind gathering guide cover 5 is used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, so that the wind wheel drives a rotor 7 of the motor to rotate to generate electric energy under the action of wind speed.
The wind wheel shown in fig. 3 comprises a plurality of blades 3, each blade 3 is provided with an adaptive pitch-control device 6, and the adaptive pitch-control devices 6 are arranged on a rotor 7 of a motor.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a protective cover 1 is also mounted on the tower 8, said protective cover 1 being mounted above the wind wheel. The purpose of the protective cover 1 is to protect the blades and the motor from rain, snow, hail and lightning strikes, while at the same time being able to effectively prevent biological intrusion.
In this embodiment, the rotor 7 of the motor is further provided with a hub 2, and the blade root shaft 12 penetrates through the hub 2 and is fixedly connected with the blade 3. The hub 2 mainly functions to protect the motor and the self-adaptive variable pitch device, and simultaneously generates negative pressure on the leeward side of the wind wheel by utilizing the lift force principle generated by the wing profile to perform secondary acceleration on the wind speed passing through the wind wheel.
Further, a cable is further arranged in the tower 8 and connected with the motor. The tower mainly plays a role in supporting and fixing, so that the cable arranged in the tower can transmit electric energy output by the motor to a power demand device.
Preferably, the motor is a disc type outer rotor motor, a rotor of the motor and the wind wheel are fixed together and rotate around a stator of the motor together, and the stator of the motor is fixedly connected to the tower.
Preferably, the number of blades is at least 3. The 3 blades are the lowest limit to meet the requirement of minimum wind power generation, and the specific number of the blades is determined according to actual conditions.
The horizontal shaft lifting type blades are adopted, so that the power generation efficiency is high;
preferably, the adaptive pitch devices are mounted on the rotor of the motor at equal intervals. Therefore, the blades connected with the self-adaptive variable pitch device can be uniformly arranged on the rotor of the motor, the stability of the driving device of the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind driven generator can be ensured, and the requirement of rapid and stable power generation can be met.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive pitch device according to the present invention, and the adaptive pitch device includes a first support shaft 9, a blade root shaft 12, a torsion spring 10, and a second support bearing 11; leaf root axle 12 and 3 fixed connection of blade, root axle 12 links to each other with first support bearing 9 and second support bearing 11 respectively, first support bearing 9 and second support bearing 11 are all installed on the rotor 7 of motor, torsional spring 10 has still been worn to the cover on the leaf root axle 12, torsional spring 10 is also fixed in on the rotor 7 of motor.
Because the torsion spring presets a certain torque, the pneumatic torque acted on the blade root shaft when the magnitude is the rated wind speed. In the initial state, the blade is fixed at the optimal windward angle, and the blade can capture the maximum wind energy at the angle. The working process of the self-adaptive variable pitch device is as follows: when the wind power generation speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the blade is at an initial windward angle under the action of the pre-tightening torque of the torsion spring, and the wind power generator captures the maximum wind energy at the current wind speed; when the wind power is higher than the rated wind speed, the air moment acting on the blade root shaft exceeds the preset torque of the torsion spring, the windward angle of the blade rotates towards the feathering direction under the action of the aerodynamic moment, the aerodynamic moment acting on the blade is correspondingly reduced until the aerodynamic moment and the preset torque reach balance, and the power captured by the wind wheel is stabilized at the rated power at the moment.
The self-adaptive variable pitch device can also adopt a hydraulic variable pitch device or the self-adaptive variable pitch device with other existing structures.
The wind gathering air guide sleeve can gather and concentrate wind energy, improve the quality of the wind energy and improve the working efficiency of a generator; the wind-gathering air guide sleeve can gather wind energy in all directions, and a yaw wind-aligning device is not needed; each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable pitch device, and the device does not need a power source, can automatically change the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed and realizes the self-adaptive control of power and power; the rotating parts of the wind driven generator are hidden in the air guide sleeve, so that the visual pollution is avoided, the natural environment is not influenced, and the influence of rain, snow, hail and biological invasion is avoided.
In order to better ensure that wind energy in all directions gathered by the wind gathering diversion cover is vertically blown to the wind wheel, the top diversion cover can be arranged on the outer side of the wind wheel.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the working method of the driving apparatus of the adaptive pitch-controlled vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention includes:
step 1: the wind gathering guide cover is used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, and the wind wheel drives the rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy;
step 2: the self-adaptive variable pitch device automatically adjusts the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed, and self-adaptive control of power and load is realized.
Due to the fact that incoming flow directions are inconsistent, wind loads acting on the wind wheel are unevenly distributed, when the wind load on a certain blade is too large, the self-adaptive variable pitch device of the blade can independently change the pitch, the wind load borne by the blade is reduced, and therefore the loads acting on the whole wind wheel are in a balanced state. The method can effectively reduce the probability of ultimate yield and fatigue failure. In order to reduce the vibration of the blade self-adaptive variable pitch device, a damping device can be additionally arranged on the blade root shaft.
The invention also provides a wind driven generator based on the vertical axis wind driven generator driving device shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the wind driven generator comprises the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device. Other structures of the wind driven generator are all existing structures, and a description will not be repeated here.
The wind gathering air guide sleeve in the wind driven generator can gather and concentrate wind energy, improve the grade of the wind energy and improve the working efficiency of the generator; the wind-gathering air guide sleeve can gather wind energy in all directions, and a yaw wind-aligning device is not needed; each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable pitch device, and the device does not need a power source, can automatically change the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed and realizes the self-adaptive control of power and power; the rotating parts of the wind driven generator are hidden in the air guide sleeve, so that the wind driven generator does not cause visual pollution, does not influence the natural environment, is not influenced by rain, snow, hail and biological invasion, and can be widely applied in cities.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind turbine driving device is characterized by comprising a tower frame, wherein the top end of the tower frame is provided with a wind wheel and a motor, the wind wheel comprises a plurality of blades, each blade is provided with a self-adaptive variable-pitch device, the self-adaptive variable-pitch devices are arranged on a rotor of the motor, and the self-adaptive variable-pitch devices automatically adjust the windward angles of the blades according to the wind speed to realize the self-adaptive control of power and load; the wind gathering guide cover is used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, so that the wind wheel drives a rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy;
a rotor of the motor is also provided with a hub, and a blade root shaft passes through the hub and is fixedly connected with the blade;
the self-adaptive variable pitch device comprises a first support shaft, a blade root shaft, a torsion spring and a second support bearing; the blade root shaft is fixedly connected with the blade, the blade root shaft is respectively connected with the first supporting bearing and the second supporting bearing, the first supporting bearing and the second supporting bearing are both arranged on a rotor of the motor, the blade root shaft is also sleeved with a torsional spring, and the torsional spring is also fixed on the rotor of the motor;
the torsional spring presets a certain torque, and the magnitude of the torque is the pneumatic torque acting on the blade root shaft when the rated wind speed is achieved; the blades are fixed at the optimal windward angle in the initial state, and the blades can capture the maximum wind energy at the angle; when the wind power generation speed is lower than the rated wind speed, the blade is at an initial windward angle under the action of the pre-tightening torque of the torsion spring, and the wind power generator captures the maximum wind energy at the current wind speed; when the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the air moment acting on the blade root shaft exceeds the preset torque of the torsion spring, the windward angle of the blade rotates towards the feathering direction under the action of the aerodynamic moment, the aerodynamic moment acting on the blade is correspondingly reduced until the aerodynamic moment and the preset torque reach balance, and at the moment, the power captured by the wind wheel is stabilized at the rated power;
the self-adaptive variable pitch device is arranged on a rotor of the motor at equal intervals.
2. The adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive of claim 1, wherein a protective cover is further mounted to the tower, said protective cover being mounted above the rotor.
3. The adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive of claim 1, wherein the number of blades is at least 3.
4. The driving device of the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor is a disc type outer rotor motor, a rotor of the motor and the wind wheel are fixed together and rotate together around a stator of the motor, and the stator of the motor is fixedly connected to the tower.
5. The driving device of the self-adaptive variable pitch vertical axis wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cable is further arranged in the tower and connected with the motor.
6. A method of operating an adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
step 1: the wind gathering guide cover is used for gathering wind energy in all directions and enabling the wind energy to vertically blow to the wind wheel, and the wind wheel drives the rotor of the motor to rotate under the action of wind speed to generate electric energy;
step 2: the self-adaptive variable pitch device automatically adjusts the windward angle of the blade according to the wind speed, and self-adaptive control of power and load is realized.
7. A wind turbine comprising an adaptive pitch vertical axis wind turbine drive according to any of claims 1 to 5.
CN201611255112.7A 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Self-adaptive variable-pitch vertical axis wind driven generator driving device and wind driven generator Active CN106640533B (en)

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EP3564525B1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2023-04-12 CRRC Wind Power (Shandong) Co., Ltd. Vertical shaft wind power generator driving device for self-adaptive variable-propeller, and wind power generator
CN108374760B (en) * 2018-03-28 2019-07-05 咸宁祥天空气能电力有限公司 A kind of breeze power generation system
CN110206687A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-09-06 王维碧 A kind of wind electricity generating system
CN111980859A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-24 王敬儒 Electric power device

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CN101749179A (en) * 2010-03-03 2010-06-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Rectification speed increasing tower used for vertical axis wind turbine
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