CN106640223A - Low heating value coal gas electricity generation method - Google Patents
Low heating value coal gas electricity generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106640223A CN106640223A CN201611068577.1A CN201611068577A CN106640223A CN 106640223 A CN106640223 A CN 106640223A CN 201611068577 A CN201611068577 A CN 201611068577A CN 106640223 A CN106640223 A CN 106640223A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to coal gas electricity generation, and provides a low heating value coal gas electricity generation method. The method comprises the steps that low heating value coal gas is introduced into a combustion chamber for combustion, and meanwhile water liquid inside a drum is introduced into the water cooling wall of a furnace body; heat generated by the low heating value coal gas combustion heats the water liquid inside the water cooling wall, the water liquid is subjected to phase change to become a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture enters the drum to be separated, saturated steam separated out is heated again through a heat unit to generate superheated steam, the superheated steam is introduced into a high pressure cylinder of a steam turbine for impulse starting electricity generation, steam for reducing temperature and pressure can be heated again through a high-temperature reheater and a low-temperature reheater to be superheated steam, the superheated steam is introduced into a low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine for impulse starting electricity generation, waste steam exhausted by the steam turbine is condensed to be water liquid and then heated through a main economizer and a bypass economizer to be introduced into the drum again for recycling. According to the electricity generation method, steam-water parameters can be stabilized, the safety can be guaranteed, the electricity generation efficiency of the low heating value coal gas can be improved, and the heat utilization ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal gas generates electricity, more particularly to a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method.
Background technology
China's steel and iron industry fast development, has occupied the first in the world big producing country for years.Iron and steel enterprise was smelting
Substantial amounts of by-product gas, such as blast furnace gas, coal gas of converter and coke-stove gas are generated in journey.Coke-stove gas and coal gas of converter due to
Calorific capacity is high, can in production and life effectively utilizes.And blast furnace gas has, and yield is maximum, calorific value is minimum, it is stable to be difficult to
Burning, the low feature of generating efficiency.
Blast furnace gas is the mixed gas of a kind of colorless and odorless, odorless, and main component is CO, CO2、N2、H2、CH4Deng it
Middle combustible component CO contents account for 25%；H2、CH4Content seldom, little is affected on gross calorific power；Inert gas CO2、N2's
Content accounts for respectively 15%, 55% (with volume fraction), and proportion is high, is both not involved in burning and produces heat, can not help
Combustion, conversely, also absorbing the heat produced in substantial amounts of combustion process；Flame is longer；Ignition temperature is about 700 DEG C；Flame is passed
Broadcast speed very slow, temperature is not high, combustion stability is bad；Calorific value is generally 3100kJ/Nm3-4200kJ/Nm3, exhaust gas volumn is big.Cause
This, effective conversion and utilization of blast furnace gas are the important steps of iron and steel enterprise's clean manufacturing and energy-conservation.
Based on blast furnace gas fuel and combustion characteristics, blast furnace gas has aobvious with the solid of other high heating values or gaseous fuel
The difference of work, the heat-transfer character of gas boiler is varied widely, and its heating surface arrangement has dramatically different with coal burning gas boiler.
Although patent《A kind of Blast Furnace Gas-fired Boiler flue gas heat recovery system》(application number：201320444475.0) and
《A kind of Blast Furnace Gas-fired Boiler fume afterheat advanced recycling system》(application number：201320446384.0) disclose phase
Blast furnace gas boiler flue gas heat recovery system is closed, but, its only recycling of raising fume side waste heat emphatically, and not
The core such as gas boiler heat transfer that the features such as considering because the calorific value of blast furnace gas is low, be difficult to stable burning brings and heating surface arrangement
Major issue, does not consider how to improve low-heat value gas generating efficiency by carbonated drink side process optimization yet.
Meanwhile, at present there is desuperheating water usage amount in high load capacity considerably beyond design load in many blast furnace gas boilers, special
It is not to draw high in gas boiler load or in the case of high load capacity gas boiler load fluctuation, there is desuperheating water and do not catch up with, coal gas
The problem of the easy overtemperature of boiler superheater heating surface.For this reason, it may be necessary to reasonable Arrangement is carried out to all kinds of heating surfaces of blast furnace gas boiler,
Including heating surface arrangement form, heating surface arrangement ratio etc., so as to solve the problems, such as the easy overtemperature of gas boiler superheater surface,
Stable carbonated drink parameter, improves the overall thermal efficiency of low calorific value coal gas electric generating apparatus.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is intended to for solving existing low calorific value coal
The relatively low problem of the thermal efficiency of gas.
What the present invention was realized in：
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Low-heat value gas is burnt by the burning interior that gas piping Jing burners send into gas boiler, burning is produced
Heat, heats each heating surface；
Aqueous in one drum are flowed out by liquid outlet, the water-cooled of the body of heater of the gas boiler is sent into by pipeline
In wall, aqueous are heated in the water-cooling wall, are mutually changed into steam water interface, and by pipeline the drum is sent back to；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in the drum, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to ceiling by pipeline
Pipe, and roof tube described in Jing saturated vapor is imported in the body of heater overheated unit in continue to be heated to be superheated steam；
Superheated steam is delivered in the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine by pipeline, the blade of steam turbine described in steam red switch, the vapour
Turbine drives generator to be generated electricity, vapor (steam) temperature and reduced pressure after red switch acting；
A low-temperature reheater is entered from high pressure cylinder steam out, is heated again into a high temperature reheater afterwards
For superheated steam, the superheated steam is imported into the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine, after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are again
Reduce；
Condensed into condenser from the exhaust steam out of the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine, be condensed in the condenser
For aqueous, afterwards aqueous are squeezed into by low-pressure heater by condensate pump, taken out by the low pressure of steam turbine in the low-pressure heater
Vapour is heated；
Oxygen-eliminating device is entered from low-pressure heater water out, after the oxygen-eliminating device carries out deoxygenation, by feed pump
High-pressure heater is squeezed into, is heated by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine in the high-pressure heater, afterwards into main economizer；
Aqueous enter bypass economizer Jing after flue gas in the main economizer, import institute after being further heated again
State drum interior circulation to use.
Further, the overheated unit includes pendant superheater component, the low temperature superheater of convection type and convection type
High temperature superheater, three is sequentially communicated, and saturated vapor is first imported in the pendant superheater component and heated by the roof tube,
Then sequentially enter in the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater and be heated to be superheated steam.
Further, the pendant superheater component includes front screen superheater and Late reworking, and in the front screen
One-level water spraying structure is provided with superheater and the stream of the Late reworking, saturated vapor is first imported the roof tube institute
Heating in screen superheater, is then lowered the temperature, after cooling using the one-level water spraying structure to the saturated vapor after heating before stating
Saturated vapor enter the Late reworking in continue heat, and described in Late reworking heating after saturated vapor import
Heating in the low temperature superheater.
Further, than being 6%～7%, the high temperature superheater heat absorption ratio is for the pendant superheater component heat absorption
9.5%～10.5%, the low temperature superheater heat absorption is than being 9.0%～10.5%.
Further, the high temperature superheater includes two cold section and a hot arc, and the hot arc is described cold positioned at two
Between section, and two grades of water spraying structures, Jing low temperature superheaters are provided with previous described cold section with the stream between the hot arc
Saturated vapor after heating is introduced into wherein described in one cold section of heating, then using two grades of water spraying structures to heating after it is full
Lowered the temperature again with steam, the saturated vapor after cooling sequentially enters the hot arc and another described cold section is continued to be heated to be
Superheated steam.
Further, the superheated steam that overheated unit heat described in Jing is generated is introduced in a steam header, then by described
Steam header is imported in the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
Further, convection current tube panel is provided with the body of heater, the aqueous by derived from the drum are divided into two-way, wherein
It is heated to be steam water interface in the water-cooling wall all the way, another road is heated to be steam-water mixing in the convection current tube panel
Thing, and the steam water interface for generating imports and carry out in the drum steam-water separation.
Further, it is described bypass economizer be arranged side by side with the low-temperature reheater, between the two by superheater every
Wall separates, and the saturated vapor of roof tube heating described in Jing is divided into four tunnels, and wherein two-way enters heating in enclosure wall tube, full after heating
Enter in the overheated unit with steam and continue to heat；In addition two-way enters heating in the superheater partition wall, and after heating
Saturated vapor is heated also into continuation in the overheated unit.
Further, the air for burning in the burning is introduced in air preheater, and the air preheater
The flue gas produced using low-heat value gas combustion is preheated to the air for entering.
Further, the aqueous after the main economizer heating described in clean the drum by a branch road.
The invention has the advantages that：
In the electricity-generating method of the present invention, the burning that low-heat value gas is introduced into body of heater is indoor, and in the presence of burner
Its burning is set to release heat, the aqueous water in drum is directed in the water-cooling wall of body of heater by its liquid outlet, low-heat value gas combustion
Aqueous water in liberated heat heating water-cooling wall, and then cause the heat absorption of operative liquid water to be mutually changed into gaseous state, by water-cooling wall
Gas-vapor mix is imported and carry out in drum steam separation again, wherein the liquid Jing liquid outlets after separating enter weight in water-cooling wall
New heating, and steam is then heated to be superheated steam in overheated unit, can import superheated steam and be done in steam turbine
Work(generates electricity, and the condensed device of the exhaust steam after acting is condensed into after aqueous water and enters heat temperature raising in economizer unit, and after heating up
Aqueous water imports drum interior circulation and utilizes.In above process, by burner stable burning low-heat value gas, first by water-cooling wall
Interior aqueous water is heated to be gaseous state, then steam is heated to be into superheated steam using overheated unit, is sent out using superheated steam acting
Electricity, can stablize carbonated drink parameter, both can ensure that security, additionally it is possible to improve the generating efficiency of low-heat value gas, generating efficiency
Up to more than 37%, heat utilization ratio is higher.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the low-heat value gas electricity-generating method of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is all other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, main to be sent out using a kind of
Electric system, the heat that the electricity generation system is produced by using low-heat value gas combustion generates electricity, electricity generation system include gas boiler 1 with
And generating set 2, low-heat value gas can be imported and burnt in gas boiler 1, then using low-heat value gas combustion generation
Heat generated electricity by generating set 2, generating set 2 includes steam turbine 21 and generator 22, and steam turbine 21 includes high pressure
Cylinder 211, it is steam that the low-heat value gas heat that burning is produced in gas boiler 1 can heat aqueous water, and then will can be steamed
Steam turbine 21 is ordered about in vapour importing high pressure cylinder 211 to do work, then the rotary electrification of generator 22 is driven by steam turbine 21, and steam does
Work(becomes exhaust steam and is exported by exhaust steam and derived recycling.The structure of refinement gas boiler 1, it includes built-in combustion room 111
Body of heater 11 and can steam-water separation drum 12, burner 112 is provided with the combustion chamber 111, low-heat value gas imports burning
Releasing heat is lighted by burner 112 in room 111, typically, in combustion chamber 111 multiple burners 112 is provided with, can be by combustion
The support layered arrangement of burner 112 can be provided with two-layer on the front-back wall of combustion chamber 111, such as on front wall, and rear wall is arranged
There is one layer, and each layer is sequentially arranged at intervals with three burners 112, can cause to enter combustion chamber by this arrangement
Low-heat value gas in 111 can burn completely, can be using coke-stove gas as seed material, high energy point in combustion chamber 111
Firelock is provided with high-energy firing gun and coke oven air gun, first passes through high-energy firing gun and light as igniter, every burner 112
Coke-stove gas lights low-heat value gas with the corresponding burner 112 that ignites, then by burner 112, and upper strata burner 112 can not make
With igniter, on the lower layer burner 112 ignites, and in addition each burner 112 adopts double-cyclone version, it is possible to achieve
Burning to low-heat value gas, of course for combustion completion is ensured, leaves flame detecting device use on every support of burner 112
Hole, for configuring fiery inspection equipment, to ensure combustion process in gas boiler 1 safety；And drum 12 is located at the outside of body of heater 11,
It can realize steam-water separation effect, using single hop vapo(u)rization system, be provided with drum 12 cyclone separator, cleaning orifice,
The equipment such as top wave form plate separator and top porous plate, after steam water interface is imported in drum 12, by above-mentioned each point
The steam and aqueous that can be sufficiently separated from equipment in steam water interface, and steam is filled in the upper space of drum 12, aqueous
Then in the lower space of drum 12,2 bi- colour water gauges, 2 electric contact water gages, 3 single chambers are provided with drum 12
Water level balance container, for ensureing that steam quality is good and can in time process the full water phenomenon of drum 12, generally in drum 12
Phosphate chemical feed pipe, continuous blowdown pipe and emergency blowoff pipe are also equipped with, for ensureing water quality.Continue to refine the structure of body of heater 11, its
Agent structure is using double framework all steel welding, and inner space also includes horizontal flue 113 and vertically flue 114, level
Flue 113 is located at the top of combustion chamber 111, its connection combustion chamber 111 and vertical flue 114, and combustion chamber 111 and vertical flue
114 are oppositely arranged, and three encloses to form π types, flue gas Jing combustion chambers 111, the horizontal cigarette successively produced after low-heat value gas combustion
Road 113 and the vertically discharge of flue 114 gas boiler 1, the flue gas discharged by gas boiler 1 certainly needs to do further purification
Reason heel row is provided with full fin panel casing 115, while there also is provided roof tube and enclosure wall tube, drum to air on body of heater 11
Detached steam is introduced in roof tube and enclosure wall tube in 12, then is allocated to follow-up overheated unit 13, roof tube and bag
Wall coil adds the membrane wall structure of band steel, water-cooling wall 115 to have the liquid outlet of at least one port and drum 12 using light pipe
Connection, usual water-cooling wall 115 has multiple ports to connect with the liquid outlet of drum 12, and the aqueous in drum 12 can be corresponding with Jing
Pipeline is entered in water-cooling wall 115, and also there is water-cooling wall 115 at least one port to connect with the gas entrance of drum 12, water-cooled
Wall 115 adds band steel to be welded into from using light pipe, and wall with refractory lining, refracto is covered with water-cooling wall 115, the weight of the water-cooling wall 115 of body of heater 11
It is suspended on roof beam lattice by upper collecting chamber suspension rod, tiltedly rear water-cooling wall 115 is suspended to by the fairlead through horizontal flue 113
Top steelframe on, whole body of heater 11 expands downwardly together after being heated, and in the outside surrounding of water-cooling wall 115 along short transverse every 3m
Left and right arranges one and encloses buckstay, to increase the rigidity of water-cooling wall 115, meets the requirement of the design pressure of combustion chamber 111.Further
Ground, in horizontal flue 113 and vertically flue 114 overheated unit 13 and economizer unit 14, both of which are respectively arranged with
On the flue that low-heat value gas combustion produces flue gas, wherein the gas outlet of the connection drum 12 of overheated unit 13 and steamer
The entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21, detached steam is introduced in above-mentioned roof tube in drum 12, and which part steam enters bag
Heating in wall coil, the steam after heating is heated to be again superheated steam in the overheated unit 13, then by the superheated steam
Acting in steam turbine 21 is imported, and the liquid of the exhaust steam outlet and drum 12 that economizer unit 14 then connects steam turbine 21 enters
Mouthful, and condenser 23 is provided with the pipeline between economizer unit 14 and steam turbine 21, produce after low-heat value gas combustion
Raw flue gas along horizontal flue 113 flow at economizer unit 14 with vertical flue 114 when, its also have higher temperature,
And superheated steam becomes exhaust steam after acting in steam turbine 21 and discharged by exhaust steam outlet, and condensed device 23 liquefies to lead after aqueous
Enter in economizer unit 14, and then can heat by 14 pairs of part aqueous of economizer unit, the aqueous after heating are led
Enter the utilization of the interior circulation of drum 12.
In the present invention, low-heat value gas is imported in the combustion chamber 111 of body of heater 11, lighted by burner 112, together
When drum 12 in aqueous Jing its liquid outlets flow in water-cooling wall 115, due to low-heat value gas produce in burning flue gas and
With the release of substantial amounts of heat, the aqueous in water-cooling wall 115 can be heated by the partial heat, and then cause part
Aqueous are mutually changed into steam, and then again importing the steam water interface in drum 12 carries out vapor-liquid separation, generally in body of heater 11
Evaporation convection tube panel 116 is additionally provided with, it is spiral finned tube, is fixed on by the way of hanging on the steelframe of top, the evaporation
The two ends of convection current tube panel 116 are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and gas entrance of drum 12, and the aqueous in this drum 12 are being directed at
Being split being partially in evaporation convection tube panel 116 during water-cooling wall 115 carries out being heated to be steam, evaporation convection tube panel
Steam water interface in 116 is also directed into carrying out vapor-liquid separation in drum 12, and aqueous after isolation continue to be conducted to water-cooled
Heated again in wall 115 or evaporation convection tube panel 116, the steam after separation is then conducted in overheated unit 13 also by again
Secondary heating, and then steam can be caused to be heated to be superheated steam, superheated steam then can be conducted to enter in steam turbine 21
Row acting generates electricity, and the superheated steam after acting is generated as exhaust steam is derived by the exhaust steam outlet of steam turbine 21, and exhaust steam enters condenser
Liquefaction in 23 is for about 40 DEG C of aqueous, is driven into low-pressure heater 25 by condensate pump 24 afterwards, the quilt in low-pressure heater 25
The low-pressure pumping steam heating of steam turbine, and enter in oxygen-eliminating device 26 from the aqueous out of low-pressure heater 25, carried out by oxygen-eliminating device 26
After deoxygenation, by the suction high-pressure heater 28 of feed pump 27, heated by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine in high-pressure heater 28, then
It is conducted into being heated again in economizer unit 14, the aqueous after heating are imported and circulated successively according to above-mentioned steps in drum 12
Use.In above-mentioned whole process, the burner 112 adopted in this way lights low-heat value gas, can cause low calorific value coal
Gas stably burns in combustion chamber 111, and after low-heat value gas is lighted in burned device 112, the heat of its release is first heated
Aqueous in water-cooling wall 115 or evaporation convection tube panel 116, then can add vapours at overheated unit 13, finally may be used also
With the aqueous after heating acting at economizer unit 14, heat is repeatedly utilized, and low-heat value gas in whole process
Heat is respectively positioned in body of heater 11, it is not easy to scatter and disappear, the overall thermal efficiency of electricity generation system can be effectively ensured, enhance carbonated drink and change
Heat.
Optimization above-described embodiment, in body of heater 11 reheater unit 15 is additionally provided with, the connection steamer of reheater unit 15
The entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21 and the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21 are exported.In the present embodiment, general steam turbine 21 also includes
There is low pressure (LP) cylinder 212, superheated steam is generated electricity by acting after the importing of the entrance of high pressure cylinder 211, and the steam after its acting can be by high pressure cylinder 211
Outlet is derived, and the red switch acting in high pressure cylinder 211 due to superheated steam, by high pressure cylinder 211 export the steam pressure of discharge with
Temperature is reduced, and this can be conducted into be heated again in reheater unit 15 for superheated steam, and superheated steam can be led
Enter to be carried out in low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 acting of red switch again, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are lowered again, can be described as exhaust steam, and exhaust steam is then by weary
It is aqueous that vapor outlet imports liquefaction in condenser 23.In this regard, the profit of superheated steam can be improved by setting up reheater unit 15
With rate, it is ensured that the overall thermal efficiency of the low-heat value gas to electricity generation system.
The structure of refinement reheater unit 15, it includes installing the low-temperature reheater 151 in vertical flue 114, steamer
The outlet of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21 is to the low-temperature reheater 151.Low-temperature reheater 151 is also adopted by the structure of spiral finned tube
Form, and in-line counter-flow arrangement, steam enters entering for low-temperature reheater 151 after being exported by high pressure cylinder 211 and being discharged in steam turbine 21
Mouth header, can be provided with attemperator at the import header, i.e. the steam of the discharge of high pressure cylinder 211 is introduced into low-temperature reheater
Temperature adjustment is carried out by attemperator in 151 import header, and the attemperator mainly adopts watering temperature adjustment, finely tunes vapor (steam) temperature,
Steam after desuperheat is heated in low-temperature reheater 151.Generally reheater unit 15 also includes high temperature reheater
152, high temperature reheater 152 is installed in horizontal flue 113, and it connects low-temperature reheater 151 and the import of low pressure (LP) cylinder 212, due to
Horizontal flue 113 is located at vertical flue 114 along the front of flue gas flow direction, then the temperature at horizontal flue 113 is higher than vertical flue
Temperature at 114, the steam discharged by high pressure cylinder 211 is introduced into low-temperature reheater 151 and heats, and is then introduced into high temperature reheater
152 heating, and Jing high temperature reheater 152 heat after steam be superheated steam, the low pressure (LP) cylinder that can be conducted in steam turbine 21
Red switch acting in 212.High temperature reheater 152 adopts light-pipe structure, and for in-line down current arrangement, the row with low-temperature reheater 151
Column direction is conversely, heat absorption efficiency can be improved.In addition flue regulation is carried out at the corresponding reheater unit 15 of body of heater 11, body of heater 11
Vertically twin flue design is carried out in flue 114, then the end-position in twin flue is provided with gas baffle 161, by adjusting
The aperture of gas baffle 161 can be reached and be adjusted by reheater unit 15 realizing the distribution of exhaust gas volumn in two flues
The purpose of section reheat steam temperature, so that the temperature of reheated steam is highly stable with pressure.
Further, the structure of economizer unit 14 is refined, it includes installing in the main economizer of the bottom of vertical flue 114
141 and positioned at the bypass economizer 142 of the top of main economizer 141, connect between the two, bypass economizer 142 can be two
Individual, both are in parallel, and main economizer 141 is connected respectively by two streams with two bypass economizers 142, the outlet of condenser 23
Main economizer 141 is communicated to, and the wherein Single port for bypassing economizer 142 is communicated to the liquid inlet of drum 12, and bypass province
Both are arranged side by side for coal device 142 and low-temperature reheater 151, respectively in the twin flue of vertical flue 114, and lead between the two
Cross superheater partition wall 16 to be separated, generally adopt film partition structure, some vapor into roof tube to enter the mistake
Heating in hot device partition wall 16, the steam after heating can be entered and is heated again in overheated unit 13 for superheated steam, and by upper
161 liang of flue gas flows adjusted between bypass economizer 142 and the corresponding flue of low-temperature reheater 151 of the gas baffle stated, main province
Coal device 141 is located at the lower section of twin flue end.In the present embodiment, flue gas is along direction of the bypass economizer 142 to main economizer 141
Flowing, and the aqueous that condenser 23 is discharged then flow to bypass economizer 142 by main economizer 141, so as to realize working medium and cigarette
Between gas each other countercurrently, main economizer 141 is helix fin tubular construction with bypass economizer 142, wherein main economizer 141 is
It is staggered in arrangement, and it is in-line arrangement to bypass economizer 142, bypass economizer 142 adopts overhung construction, and total weight is by hanging
Device is fixed on enclosure wall tube, then is suspended on the steelframe of top by enclosure wall tube header fairlead, and main economizer 141 is put on ventilation
Liang Shang, ventilation beam passes body of heater 11 and is bearing on the backplate of body of heater 11.In addition operationally, the aqueous provided by feed pump 27 are being entered
Become owner of after heating in economizer 141, as needed can directly be directed at a portion aqueous in drum 12 as rinse water
Use.
Optimization above-described embodiment, by vertical flue, 114 points is upper space and lower space, wherein 141, main economizer
In lower space, and bypass economizer 142 and be located in upper space with low-temperature reheater 151, and upper space is empty with bottom
Between between then connected by expansion joint 117.In the present embodiment, vertical flue 114 is divided into by above-mentioned twin flue and single flue
Upper space and lower space, i.e. twin flue correspondence upper space, and main economizer 141 is located at the lower section of twin flue, is single cigarette
Road, correspondence lower space, is connected with the junction of single flue in twin flue to this using nonmetallic expansion joint 117, and it can be with
Expansion is absorbed, leakage is reduced.
Further, the structure of overheated unit 13, including the cryogenic overheating of pendant superheater component 131, convection type are refined
The high temperature superheater 133 of device 132 and convection type, three is sequentially communicated, i.e., steam sequentially pass through pendant superheater component 131,
Low temperature superheater 132 and high temperature superheater 133, and the gas outlet pendant superheater component 131 of drum 12, high temperature mistake
Hot device 133 connects the entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21.In the present embodiment, pendant superheater component 131 is that half radiant type is overheated
Device, and low temperature superheater 132 is convection superheater with high temperature superheater 133, i.e., the overheated unit 13 that the present invention is provided is adopted
With mode of the radiation in combination with convection current, multiple cross-mixing, during setting, pendant superheater component 131 is located at combustion chamber 111
Surface, the high-temperature flue gas produced after low-heat value gas combustion are first flow at pendant superheater component 131, high temperature superheater 133
Then set gradually along the flow direction of flue gas with low temperature superheater 132, added by the steam heated in enclosure wall tube and superheater partition wall 16 are interior
The steam of heat is imported in pendant superheater component 131, and enters low temperature superheater Jing after pendant superheater component 131 is heated
Heating in 132, finally enters heating in high temperature superheater 133, and then can obtain superheated steam for rushing in steam turbine 21
Turn acting.By the overheated unit 13 for arranging this structure, the heat absorption ratio that can cause three kinds of superheaters is respectively：Screen formula is overheated
The heat absorption of device assembly 131 than being 6%～7%, than being 9.5%～10.5%, inhale the heat absorption of high temperature superheater 133 by low temperature superheater 132
Heat, so as to solve the problems, such as the easy overtemperature of the superheater surface of gas boiler 1, stabilizes carbonated drink ginseng than being 9.0%～10.5%
Number, especially makes gas boiler 1 when load draws high or high load capacity fluctuates, and stabilizes carbonated drink parameter, not only ensure that coal gas pot
Stove 1 safety, it is to avoid the risk of the easy booster of superheater, and improve the overall thermal efficiency of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method.One
As, body of heater 11 is formed with furnace arch, furnace nose 118, furnace arch, furnace nose 118 in the exit of combustion chamber 111 to the inner bending of horizontal flue 113 extension
Including the first tilting section and the second tilting section, wherein the first tilting section is in the upward direction to the tilted extension of horizontal flue 113,
And the second tilting section is inclined upwardly extension from the first tilting section to the direction of vertical flue 114, such that it is able to pass through first
Tilting section forms the bore for first reducing combustion chamber 111 to horizontal flue 113, then causes horizontal flue by the second tilting section
113 bore is in gradually-reducing shape along the flow direction of flue gas, and it can be effectively improved the aerodynamic field in horizontal flue 113.Above-mentioned
Pendant superheater component 131 shields superheater 134 and Late reworking 135 before including, both of which is located at the correspondence of horizontal flue 113
In the space of furnace arch, furnace nose 118, the gas outlet of front screen superheater 134 and drum 12, specifically with the outlet of enclosure wall tube with
And the outlet of superheater partition wall 16 so that the steam in both shields in superheater 134 before can flowing to, and Late reworking
Screen superheater 134 and low temperature superheater 132 before 135 connections, the steam of heating shields overheated in front screen superheater 134 after being introduced into
Heating, enters back in low temperature superheater 132 in device 135.Front screen superheater 134, Late reworking 135, low temperature superheater 132 with
And high temperature superheater 133 is suspended on the steelframe of top by suspension rod, and made using 12Cr1MoVG materials, which part steel
Duan Ze grinds 102 steel alloys using steel.
Further, steam temperature adjustment structure is additionally provided with overheated unit 13, such as in front screen superheater 134 and rear screen mistake
One-level water spraying structure is provided with stream between hot device 135, one-level water spraying structure is using direct-contact desuperheater to front screen superheater
Steam spray cooling in stream between 134 and Late reworking 135, this is coarse adjustment, can tentatively adjust the temperature of steam.
Steam temperature adjustment structure also includes two grades of water spraying structures, and it is installed on high temperature superheater 133, and high temperature superheater 133 includes two
Individual cold section is located between two cold section, can be provided with the previous cold section of stream and hot arc between with a hot arc, hot arc
Two grades of water spraying structures, are adjusted to accurate adjustment herein, regulating valve and stop valve can be provided with stream, it is possible to achieve in stream
The relative accurate adjustment of vapor (steam) temperature.To this by the common adjustment effect of one-level water spraying structure and two grades of water spraying structures, can be with
Ensure the temperature of the superheated steam under the rated load of gas boiler 1, water is used for one-level water spraying structure and two grades of water spraying structures
Aqueous after the deoxygenation of the extraction of feed pump 27 can be adopted.Also set up on stream generally between overheated unit 13 and steam turbine 21
There is a steam header 136, the superheated steam after being heated by high temperature superheater 133 is introduced in the steam header 136 and is delayed
Punching, is then directed to red switch acting in the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21.
Further, an air preheater 17 is additionally provided with the bottom of vertical flue 114, is mended into combustion chamber 111
The air for filling is introduced into air preheater 17, and the flue gas in vertical flue 114 is flow at air preheater 17 can be into it
Air is heated, and improves the utilization rate of flue gas heat, and certain flue gas does not mix with the air in air preheater 17, Liang Zhewei
Non-contact thermal.Air preheater 17 adopts vertical channel structure, single-stage one-stroke to arrange, the pipe of air preheater 17 is thin
Wall spiral grooved tube, parallel baffled in fume pipe, the outer transversal flow of air hose, to prevent the vibrations of air preheater 17, in bobbin carriage
In be equipped with shock baffle.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in sum, can be by after low-heat value gas combustion using the electricity generation system of said structure
The Btu utilization acting of generation generates electricity, and low-heat value gas electricity-generating method specifically includes following steps：
Low heat value is sent in the combustion chamber 111 of gas boiler 1 by gas piping Jing Dual-cyclones burner 112 and is fired
Burn, burning produces heat, heat each heating surface；
Aqueous in drum 12 are flowed out by liquid outlet, and form two streams, wherein a stream is sent into by pipeline
The water-cooling wall 115 of body of heater 11, another stream sends into evaporation convection tube panel 116 by pipeline, and aqueous are right in water-cooling wall 115 and evaporation
Flow tube screen 116 is heated, and is mutually changed into steam water interface, and by pipeline drum 12 is sent back to；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in drum 12, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to ceiling by pipeline
Pipe, steam is divided into four tunnels in roof tube, and wherein two-way (front left side bag and front right side bag) enters enclosure wall tube after being heated, separately
Outer two-way (left side bag and rear right side bag afterwards) enters superheater partition wall 16 after being heated, from enclosure wall tube and superheater partition wall 16 out
Steam together enter front screen superheater 134；
Late reworking 135, front screen superheater 134 and Late reworking 135 are entered after front screen superheater 134 is heated
Between by one-level water spraying structure adjust steam temperature, Late reworking 135 be heated after, into low temperature superheater 132
Heating, heats afterwards into high temperature superheater 133, and cold section in high temperature superheater 133 is sprayed water and hot arc between by two grades
Structure temperature adjustment again, the superheated steam after two grades of watering temperature adjustments enters steam header 136；
Superheated steam delivers to the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21, steam red switch vapour after collection vapour header enters row buffering by pipeline
The blade of turbine 21, steam turbine 21 drives generator 22 to be generated electricity, vapor (steam) temperature and reduced pressure after red switch acting；
Low-temperature reheater 151 is entered from the steam out of high pressure cylinder 211, is added again into high temperature reheater 152 afterwards
Heat is superheated steam, and the superheated steam is imported into the low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 of steam turbine 21, and after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are again
Secondary reduction；
Condensed into condenser 23 from the exhaust steam out of the low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 of steam turbine 21, be condensed in condenser
About 40 DEG C of aqueous, are driven into low-pressure heater 25 by condensate pump 24 afterwards, by the low of steam turbine in low-pressure heater 25
Press heating of drawing gas；
Oxygen-eliminating device 26 is entered from the water out of low-pressure heater 25, after oxygen-eliminating device 26 carries out deoxygenation, by feed pump 27
High-pressure heater 28 is squeezed into, is heated by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine in high-pressure heater 28, afterwards into main economizer 141；
Aqueous enter bypass economizer 142 after main economizer 141 is by the flue gas of the afterbody of vertical flue 114, are entered
Enter after the heating of one step and be recycled in drum 12, the aqueous being repeated in above steps and steam step.It is main in addition
The outlet of economizer 141 is additionally provided with a branch road, drum 12 is delivered to as rinse water when being necessary, for the clear of drum 12
Wash.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Low-heat value gas is burnt by the burning interior that gas piping Jing burners send into gas boiler, burning produces heat
Amount, heats each heating surface；
Aqueous in one drum are flowed out by liquid outlet, the water-cooling wall of the body of heater of the gas boiler is sent into by pipeline
Interior, aqueous are heated in the water-cooling wall, are mutually changed into steam water interface, and by pipeline the drum is sent back to；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in the drum, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to roof tube by pipeline,
And roof tube described in Jing saturated vapor is imported in the body of heater overheated unit in continue to be heated to be superheated steam；
Superheated steam is delivered in the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine by pipeline, the blade of steam turbine described in steam red switch, the steam turbine
Generator is driven to be generated electricity, vapor (steam) temperature and reduced pressure after red switch acting；
A low-temperature reheater is entered from high pressure cylinder steam out, is heated again as mistake into a high temperature reheater afterwards
Vapours, by the superheated steam low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine is imported, and after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure drop again
It is low；
Condensed into condenser from the exhaust steam out of the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine, in the condenser water is condensed into
Aqueous are squeezed into low-pressure heater by liquid by condensate pump afterwards, are added by the low-pressure pumping steam of steam turbine in the low-pressure heater
Heat；
Oxygen-eliminating device is entered from low-pressure heater water out, after the oxygen-eliminating device carries out deoxygenation, is squeezed into by feed pump
High-pressure heater, is heated, afterwards into main economizer in the high-pressure heater by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine；
Aqueous enter bypass economizer Jing after flue gas in the main economizer, import the pot after being further heated again
Cylinder interior circulation is used.
2. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The overheated unit includes that screen formula is overheated
The high temperature superheater of device assembly, the low temperature superheater of convection type and convection type, three is sequentially communicated, and the roof tube is by saturation
Steam first imports heating in the pendant superheater component, then sequentially enters the low temperature superheater with the high temperature superheater
Inside it is heated to be superheated steam.
3. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The pendant superheater component includes front
Screen superheater and Late reworking, and one-level spray is provided with stream of the front screen superheater with the Late reworking
Saturated vapor is first imported and heated in the front screen superheater by water-bound, the roof tube, is then tied using one-level water spray
Structure is lowered the temperature to the saturated vapor after heating, and the saturated vapor after cooling enters in the Late reworking and continues to heat, and
Saturated vapor after the Late reworking heating described in imports heating in the low temperature superheater.
4. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The pendant superheater component heat absorption ratio
For 6%～7%, the high temperature superheater heat absorption than being 9.5%～10.5%, the low temperature superheater heat absorption than for 9.0%～
10.5%.
5. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The high temperature superheater is cold including two
Duan Yuyi hot arc, the hot arc be located at two described cold section between, and in previous described cold section with the stream between the hot arc
Two grades of water spraying structures are provided with road, the saturated vapor Jing after low temperature superheater heating is introduced into cold section of heating wherein described in,
Then the saturated vapor after heating is lowered the temperature again using two grades of water spraying structures, the saturated vapor after cooling enters successively
Enter the hot arc and another described cold section is continued to be heated to be superheated steam.
6. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Overheated unit heat is generated described in Jing
Superheated steam is introduced in a steam header, then is imported in the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine by the steam header.
7. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Convection tube is provided with the body of heater
Screen, the aqueous by derived from the drum are divided into two-way, wherein all the way steam water interface is heated to be in the water-cooling wall, it is another
Road is heated to be steam water interface in the convection current tube panel, and the steam water interface for generating is imported and carry out in the drum vapour
Water is separated.
8. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bypass economizer and the low temperature
Reheater is arranged side by side, and is separated by superheater partition wall between the two, and the saturated vapor of roof tube heating is divided into four tunnels described in Jing,
Wherein two-way enters heating in enclosure wall tube, and the saturated vapor after heating enters in the overheated unit and continues to heat；Other two-way
Heat in the superheater partition wall, and the saturated vapor after heating is heated also into continuation in the overheated unit.
9. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air burnt in the burning
It is introduced in air preheater, and the air preheater is entered using the flue gas that low-heat value gas combustion is produced to the air for entering
Row preheating.
10. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：After the main economizer heating described in
Aqueous clean the drum by a branch road.
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| CN109631003A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 铂瑞能源环境工程有限公司 | Steel mill's blast furnace gas high-efficiency environment friendly utilization system |
| CN111577401A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-25 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Tail dehumidification device of saturated steam turbine generator unit and use method thereof |
| CN114909193A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-16 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Thermal power generating unit flexible operation system based on molten salt heat storage |
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Address after: 430205 No. 59 Liufang Avenue, Donghu High-tech Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Zhongye Southern Urban Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 430071 Dongsha Building, 122 North Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 15th Floor Patentee before: Wuhan Urban Environment Protection Engineering Techn Co., Ltd. |