CN201954519U - Pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature - Google Patents
Pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN201954519U CN201954519U CN2011200596416U CN201120059641U CN201954519U CN 201954519 U CN201954519 U CN 201954519U CN 2011200596416 U CN2011200596416 U CN 2011200596416U CN 201120059641 U CN201120059641 U CN 201120059641U CN 201954519 U CN201954519 U CN 201954519U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature, which comprises a boiler furnace, and a descending flue of a tail part, wherein a slagging port is arranged at the bottom of the boiler furnace; and a smoke outlet is arranged at the lower part of the descending flue. The pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature further comprises a middle flue which connects the boiler furnace with the descending flue of the tail part, wherein the middle flue comprises an ascending flue and the descending flue of the outlet of the boiler flue, the bottoms of the ascending flue and the descending flue of the outlet of the boiler flue are communicated with each other, and the upper ends of the ascending flue and the descending flue of the outlet of the boiler flue are respectively communicated with the upper ends of the boiler furnace and the descending flue of the tail part to form a U-shaped circulation channel. According to the pulverized-coal fired boiler provided in the utility model, the middle flue is arranged between the outlet of the boiler furnace and the descending flue of the tail part, extends downwards and makes the smoke flow along the U-shaped circulation channel, the high temperature smoke from the boiler furnace is guided to a lower elevation through the descending flue, so the possibility that a convention heating surface (like a high temperature superheater and a high temperature reheater) of a last stage is arranged at a position with lower height is realized, the lengths of ultrahigh temperature steam pipelines between the high temperature superheater and a steam turbine as well as between the high temperature reheater and the steam turbine are reduced, and accordingly, the manufacturing cost of a boiler unit is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the combustion apparatus field, especially, relates to a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature.
Background technology
The pulverized-coal fired boiler generating set has experienced 100 years of development courses as the core technology of thermal power generation.From subcritical to overcritical, arrive ultra supercritical again, the coal-fired thermoelectricity technology of China has obtained fast development especially in recent years.Greatly developing the coal-fired thermoelectricity technology of ultra supercritical, improve unit efficiency, is current realization energy-saving and emission-reduction, the most economical valid approach that reduces CO2 emission.
At present, subcritical single reheat fired power generating unit generating efficiency is about 37%, overcritical single reheat fired power generating unit generating efficiency is about 41%, can reach about 44% and main steam and reheat steam temperature are 600 ℃ ultra supercritical single reheat fired power generating unit generating efficiency, if further improve steam parameter, unit generation efficient also is expected to realize further raising.For example, when main steam and reheat steam temperature reach 700 ℃ and when above, single reheat fired power generating unit generating efficiency is expected to reach more than 48.5%, and double reheat fired power generating unit generating efficiency is expected to reach more than 51% especially.Therefore, (comprising European Union, the U.S. and Japan etc.) all actively developing the advanced ultra supercritical thermal power generation unit technology that vapor (steam) temperature meets or exceeds 700 ℃ both at home and abroad.
The thermal power generation unit of exploitation superelevation steam parameter (main steam and reheat steam temperature reach 700 ℃ and more than) faces many key technical problems.Wherein, the major technology difficult point has two, and the one, exploitation can be satisfied the high-temperature alloy material of the ultra supercritical thermal power generation unit application requirements of superelevation steam temperature, and the 2nd, the design optimization of realization machine set system reduces cost.
Studies show that both at home and abroad the high-temperature alloy material that most possibly is used for ultra supercritical thermal power generation unit high-temperature component is mainly nickel-base alloy.But the price of these nickel-bass alloy materials is very high, is more than 15 times of refractory Fe-base alloy steel of at present conventional 600 ℃ of grades.System layout mode according to present conventional fired power generating unit, if adopt nickel-bass alloy material, with 2 * 1000MW ultra supercritical unit is example, only with regard to connecting the high temperature " four large pipelines " between main steam and reheated steam and the steam turbine, its price will increase to about 2,500,000,000 yuan by present about 300,000,000 yuans.Boiler and steam turbine high-temperature parts adopt heat-resisting alloy to cause the raising of its cost in addition, finally make the ultra supercritical unit overall cost of 700 ℃ of grades be much higher than conventional 600 ℃ of grade fired power generating unit, limited the application and the popularization of superelevation steam parameter fired power generating unit.
In addition, 600 ℃ of conventional main vapour and reheat steam temperatures and following fired power generating unit can adopt steam single reheat or double reheat.Though double reheat can improve unit efficiency by a relatively large margin, because after adopting double reheat, the machine set system complexity increases than the single reheat system, investment also increases by a fairly big margin, and has limited the application of double reheat system.The Chinese large-sized fired power generating unit all adopts the single reheat system at present, also only has a small amount of large electric power plant unit to adopt the double reheat system abroad.If can reduce the complexity and the cost that adopt the double reheat system by optimizing the machine set system design, will improve the real feasibility that the large electric power plant unit adopts the double reheat system greatly.
Therefore, how to optimize the design of machine set system, reduce high-temperature material (as four large pipelines) consumption, for the application and the popularization that realize superelevation steam temperature ultra supercritical unit, promote of the application of secondary steam reheat system, improve the generating efficiency of unit, play crucial effects at the large electric power plant unit.
It is a kind of by being layout straggly with the high and low axle of Turbo-generator Set that the patent No. is that 200720069418.3 Chinese patent " a kind of novel steam generating set " discloses, thereby reduce the length of double reheat unit high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline and the method for cost, but because the height that high pressure cylinder and generator are formed is put axle is the height that need be arranged in about 80 meters, can cause more serious problems such as vibrations to occur, need to solve great technical barriers such as support and basis, this arrangement is not applied as yet.
At present, both at home and abroad the arrangement form that generally adopts of pulverized-coal fired boiler with
Type stove, tower-type furnace are main, adopt the T-shape stove on a small quantity.Wherein,
The type stove is the present domestic big-and-middle-sized fired power generating unit boiler arrangement form of normal employing, as shown in Figure 1, is characterized in that boiler is made of burner hearth and a back-end ductwork, and a part of heating surface is arranged in the middle of horizontal flue and the back-end ductwork vertical shaft.Adopt
Shape is arranged boiler, and the relative tower-type furnace of its furnace height is short, and favourable to violent earthquake area and strong wind area, cost is also low.But because flue gas eddy current and disturbance are more violent, the uniformity of flow of flue gas is relatively poor, causes the heating surface inequality of being heated easily, thereby causes bigger temperature deviation; And when using inferior fuel, boiler abrasion is comparatively serious.
The tower stove then is arranged in all heating surfaces the burner hearth top, and the afterbody vertical gas pass is not arranged heating surface, as shown in Figure 2.Relatively
Type boiler floor space is little, is fit to the engineering of plant area's land used anxiety.Tower boiler is because flue gas upwards flows, and dust in flue gas flow velocity under the gravity effect slows down or sedimentation downwards, and therefore the wearing and tearing to heating surface reduce greatly.And the uniformity of flow of flue gas is better, and the temperature deviation of heating surface and working medium is less.In addition, the turriform boiler structure is simple, and expansion center of boiler and Seal Design are handled easily, arranges compact.Therefore, for the ultra supercritical unit, tower-type furnace has certain advantage.
The T-shape stove then is that back-end ductwork is divided into duplicate two the convection current vertical well gas flue of size, is arranged in the burner hearth both sides symmetrically, as shown in Figure 3, and to solve
The problem of type stove back-end surfaces difficult arrangement also can make furnace outlet smokestack height reduce, reduce flue gas along the height thermal deviation, and vertical shaft in flue gas flow rate can reduce, reduce wear.But floor space ratio
Type is arranged bigger, steam-water pipe connected system complexity, and metal wastage is big, and domestic application is less.
No matter boiler adopts the sort of arrangement form, because of the needs that conduct heat, high-temperature surface need be arranged in the higher zone of cigarette stripping temperature, and the absolute altitude higher (more than 50～80 meters) of position, high-temperature flue gas zone, cause connecting case to the high-temperature steam connecting pipe between the steam turbine very long (for example, for tower-type furnace, single high temperature steam pipeline length reaches 160～190 meters) by the high-temperature surface outlet, cost is bigger, has limited the double reheat The Application of Technology.When vapor (steam) temperature is brought up to 700 ℃ of grades, because the basis weight materials price of high-temperature steam connecting pipe significantly raises (rising can reach more than ten times), therefore, how to reduce high-temperature steam connecting pipe length, reduce the use amount of high-temperature steam connecting pipe, and then the cost of reduction high-temperature boiler becomes the key technical problem that needs solve.
In addition, coal dust after-flame in burner hearth is needed the long time of staying, thereby need higher furnace height, and the boiler height increase means the significantly increase of cost.How under the situation that does not increase furnace height, improving the burning time and the after-flame degree of pulverized coal particle, also is the long-term technical problem of paying close attention in boiler technology field.
The utility model content
The utility model purpose is to provide a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature, to solve when vapor (steam) temperature overcritical or the ultra supercritical unit reaches higher steam temperature even superelevation steam temperature, because the high-temperature steam connecting pipe is long, and causes the too high technical problem of boiler cost.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature, comprises burner hearth, and the bottom has slag-drip opening; The afterbody down pass, the bottom has exhanst gas outlet, also comprise the middle flue that is communicated between burner hearth and the afterbody down pass, this centre flue comprises: the bottom is interconnected and the upper end is communicated with to form the furnace outlet down pass and the updraught flue of U-shaped circulation passage with the upper end of the upper end of burner hearth and afterbody down pass respectively.
Further, the distance on the following end distance ground of middle flue is 10～30 meters.
Further, a kind of arrangement form of middle flue is two independent flues that furnace outlet down pass and updraught flue are arranged as split.
Further, the another kind of arrangement form of middle flue, flue comprises the vertical flue between burner hearth and afterbody down pass in the middle of being, vertically the upper end of flue is communicated with the upper end of burner hearth and the upper end of afterbody down pass by first horizontal flue and second horizontal flue respectively, is provided with in the vertical flue to extend first dividing wall that vertical flue is separated into furnace outlet down pass and updraught flue downwards from the top.
Further, be provided with multistage convection heating surface in the middle flue, the final stage convection heating surface that links to each other with steam turbine is positioned at the below of all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels.
Further, each convection heating surface in the described final stage convection heating surface is positioned at the bottom of furnace outlet down pass and/or updraught flue, and each convection heating surface in all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels all is arranged in the updraught flue.
Further, the convection heating surface that is arranged in updraught flue can arranged in series, also can be arranged in parallel.
Further, be provided with second dividing wall between the convection heating surface that is arranged in parallel in updraught flue, the rear of second dividing wall is provided with gas baffle.
Further, convection heating surface comprises one or more in superheater, reheater and the economizer.
Further, the arranged outside of middle flue has bag wall heating surface or backplate.
Further, the lower end of middle flue and afterbody down pass is provided with ash discharging hole.
Further, be furnished with air preheater in the afterbody down pass.
Further, in the afterbody down pass denitrating system and/or convection heating surface are set also.
Further, the periphery of burner hearth is provided with water-cooling wall, and the above part of water-cooling wall is furnished with bag wall superheater; The top layout of burner hearth, middle flue and afterbody down pass has steam; The top of burner hearth is provided with curtain wall.
The utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1. by middle flue downward extension and that flue gas is circulated along the U-shaped circulation passage is set between furnace outlet and afterbody down pass, the high-temperature flue gas that comes out from burner hearth can be caused low absolute altitude by down pass, make high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater be arranged in the lower height position and become possibility, thereby can significantly reduce the length of the superhigh temperature jet chimney between high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater and the steam turbine, thereby significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of boiler unit, reduce the on-way resistance and the radiation loss of pipeline simultaneously, improved unit efficiency, make unit adopt superhigh temperature steam parameter (as vapor (steam) temperature greater than 700 ℃) to become possibility, also be convenient to adopt the unit of superhigh temperature steam parameter and higher steam temperature (as 600 ℃ of vapor (steam) temperatures) to adopt the secondary steam reheat system.
2. because heating surface is not arranged in exit in burner hearth, can keep high temperature cigarette stripping temperature, therefore, in burner hearth unburnt coal dust can with down pass that furnace outlet is communicated with in further burn, burnout rate is good, imperfect combustion heat loss is little.
3. the flue gas of rotational flow in burner hearth, by the abundant development of burner hearth and down pass, air-flow is more uniform and stable, makes the heating surface heat absorption evenly, and the temperature deviation of heating surface and interior working medium thereof reduces.
4. because multistage convection heating surface mainly is arranged in the updraught flue, make dust in flue gas flow velocity under the gravity effect slow down or sedimentation downwards, reduce the wearing and tearing of dust the heating surface surface.
5. denitrating system and air preheater can systematically be arranged in the afterbody down pass, exist thereby efficiently solve denitrating system
The problem that is difficult to arrange because of spatial constraints in the type boiler.
Except purpose described above, feature and advantage, the utility model also has other purpose, feature and advantage.
With reference to figure, the utility model is described in further detail below.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that constitutes the application's a part is used to provide further understanding of the present utility model, and illustrative examples of the present utility model and explanation thereof are used to explain the utility model, do not constitute improper qualification of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a prior art
Type boiler structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the tower boiler structural representation of prior art;
Fig. 3 is the T-shape boiler structure schematic diagram of prior art;
The structural representation of Fig. 4 pulverized-coal fired boiler that to be the furnace outlet down pass of the utility model preferred embodiment and updraught flue be separated for the one flue;
Fig. 5 is that the furnace outlet down pass and the updraught flue of the utility model preferred embodiment is the structural representation of the pulverized-coal fired boiler of split independence flue;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting first kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting second kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the third arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 9 concerns schematic diagram along the B among Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 to first dividing wall of observing and first kind of position of second dividing wall;
Figure 10 concerns schematic diagram along the B among Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 to first dividing wall of observing and second kind of position of second dividing wall;
Figure 11 concerns schematic diagram along the B among Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 to first dividing wall of observing and the third position of second dividing wall;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of convection heating surfaces at different levels pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 4th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of convection heating surfaces at different levels pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 5th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of convection heating surfaces at different levels pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 6th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 5;
Figure 15 is the structural representation of Spiral Coil Waterwall;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of internal thread vertical tube water-cooling wall of once rising;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of hanging panel formula radiation heating-surface;
Figure 18 is the structural representation of wing screen formula radiation heating-surface; And
Figure 19 is the flow route schematic diagram that flue gas circulates in middle flue shown in Figure 4.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the utility model can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
The utility model provides a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature, the structural representation of Fig. 4 pulverized-coal fired boiler that to be furnace outlet down pass and updraught flue be separated for the one flue.As shown in Figure 4, the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature that the utility model provides comprises the afterbody down pass 30 that burner hearth 10 and upper end are communicated with the upper end of burner hearth 10, this pulverized-coal fired boiler also comprises the middle flue 20 that is communicated between burner hearth 10 and the afterbody down pass 30, this centre flue 20 comprises: the bottom is interconnected and the upper end is communicated with the upper end of the upper end of burner hearth 10 and afterbody down pass 30 respectively to form the furnace outlet down pass 21 and the updraught flue 23 of U-shaped circulation passage, and the lower end of burner hearth 10 is provided with slag-drip opening 11.
Utilize the U-shaped circulation passage, the high-temperature flue gas that comes out from the outlet of burner hearth 10 can be caused low absolute altitude by the furnace outlet down pass, make high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater be arranged in the lower height position and become possibility, thereby can significantly reduce the length of the superhigh temperature jet chimney between high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater and the steam turbine, significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of boiler unit, reduce the on-way resistance and the radiation loss of pipeline simultaneously, improved unit efficiency, make unit adopt superhigh temperature steam parameter (as vapor (steam) temperature greater than 700 ℃) to become possibility, also be convenient to adopt the unit of superhigh temperature steam parameter and higher steam temperature (as 600 ℃ of vapor (steam) temperatures) to adopt the secondary steam reheat system.
In order to realize high-temperature flue gas is caused by the furnace outlet down pass purpose at low absolute altitude place, the lower end of middle flue 20 can be extended to apart from ground about 10～30 position, just the following end distance ground of U-shaped circulation passage is about 10～30 meters, like this, just flue gas can be guided to about 10 meters about 30 meters position.As a kind of preferred implementation, the lower end of middle flue 20 can extend downward the position about 20～30 meters apart from ground, flue gas just is introduced to apart from ground about 20～30 meters position so, and the final stage convection heating surface that carries out heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas just can be arranged on apart from ground about 20～30 meters position.High-temperature flue gas is in more than 60～70 meters usually in this and the prior art, sometimes in addition the position that reaches 80～90 meters absolute altitudes compare, reduce the height of high-temperature flue gas significantly, and then can reduce the setting height(from bottom) of final stage convection heating surface, reduced the length of superhigh temperature jet chimney 70.
In addition, furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 also can be two independent flues of split.Fig. 5 is that the furnace outlet down pass and the updraught flue of the utility model preferred embodiment is the structural representation of the pulverized-coal fired boiler of split independence flue.As shown in Figure 5, the upper end of furnace outlet down pass 21 is communicated with the upper end of burner hearth 10, the lower ends downward of furnace outlet down pass 21 is extended and is communicated with the lower end of updraught flue 23, and the upper end of updraught flue 23 links to each other with the upper end of afterbody down pass 30, finally forms the U-shaped circulation passage.In this kind structure, furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 have formed middle flue 20 as the flue of the and arranged on left and right sides of U-shaped circulation passage respectively, the lower end of middle flue 20 just is equivalent to the be interconnected lower end of the U-shaped circulation passage that forms of furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23, and what that is to say the U-shaped circulation passage is approximately 20～30 meters apart from the distance on ground bottom.
The flue that is connected between the upper end of the upper end of updraught flue 23 and afterbody down pass 30 can be lower than the height that is connected flue between the upper end of the upper end of furnace outlet down pass 21 and burner hearth 10, can reduce low-temperature flue gas like this and enter afterbody down pass 30 circulation distance before, reduce the loss of heat radiation.Adopt this minute body structure, need not to adopt first dividing wall 25, do not have the excessive problem of first dividing wall, 25 temperature difference, but floor space increases to some extent.
No matter which kind of mode furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 adopt form, and the cross-sectional area of furnace outlet down pass 21 can be designed to such an extent that be less than or equal to the area of the cross section of updraught flue 23.As a kind of preferred implementation, the cross-sectional area of furnace outlet down pass 21 can be designed less than the area of the cross section of updraught flue 23, can accelerate the flow velocity of flue gas in furnace outlet down pass 21 like this.And, for the furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 that adopt to divide body structure, with the cross-sectional area of furnace outlet down pass 21 design than the cross-sectional area of updraught flue 23 little can also play reduce in the middle of the effect of whole floor space of flue 20.
Can be provided with multistage convection heating surface in the middle flue 20, the order of placement of convection heating surface can be arranged according to the working medium temperature in the convection heating surface, in order to reduce the length of high-temperature steam pipeline 70, the high temperature convection heating surface that will link to each other with steam turbine 60, be lower position in the flue 20 in the middle of the final stage convection heating surface is placed on, also can be described as the final stage convection heating surface that will link to each other with steam turbine 60 be arranged in all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels below.
Specifically, the final stage convection heating surface is placed on bottom in furnace outlet down pass 21 and/or the updraught flue 23, and on the top of furnace outlet down pass 21 or all do not place convection heating surface in the stroke, make flue gas fully development in furnace outlet down pass 21, and then make flue gas stream more uniform and stable, reduce the temperature deviation of convection heating surface and internal working medium thereof.
Can comprise the convection heating surface that one or more serial or parallel connection is arranged in every grade of convection heating surface, second dividing wall 48 and gas baffle 49 can also be set between each convection heating surface.
In order to alleviate the wearing and tearing of dust in flue gas to each convection heating surface; except the final stage convection heating surface; all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels all are arranged in the updraught flue 23; like this; in the uphill process of flue gas in updraught flue 23; dust in the flue gas sedimentation downwards or speed under the gravity effect slow down, and have played the effect of protection heating surface.
Above-mentioned convection heating surface mainly comprises one or more in superheater, reheater and the economizer.Every kind of convection heating surface can be selectively with in parallel or series connection arranged in form in furnace outlet down pass 21 and/or updraught flue 23.
Introduce the convection heating surface arrangement form of several routines below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting first kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 6, do not arrange any tubular type heating surface in the furnace outlet down pass 21, high temperature superheater 41 and high temperature reheater 42 parallel connections (parallel) are arranged in the bottom of updraught flue 23, low temperature superheater 44 and low-temperature reheater 45 are arranged in parallel in the middle part of updraught flue 23, and economizer 47 is arranged in the top of updraught flue 23.Second dividing wall 48 that is parallel to first dividing wall 25 is being set between high temperature superheater 41 and the high temperature reheater 42 and between low temperature superheater 44 and the low-temperature reheater 45.The rear portion of second dividing wall 48 be low temperature superheater 44 and low-temperature reheater 45 above be provided with and be used to regulate the gas baffle 49 that flue gas flow distributes.The outlet collection case of high temperature superheater 41 and high temperature reheater 42 passes through superhigh temperature jet chimney 70 separately respectively, is connected to the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine 60 and the inlet of intermediate pressure cylinder.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts single reheat, do not arrange any tubular type convection heating surface in the furnace outlet down pass 21 of furnace outlet, and by second dividing wall 48 is set in updraught flue 23, superheater and reheater are arranged in parallel, and heat absorption ratio between gas baffle 49 each convection heating surface of adjusting is set.It is narrow that this moment and the width of the furnace outlet down pass 21 that outlet was communicated with of burner hearth 10 can design, accelerate the flow velocity of flue gas in furnace outlet down pass 21 when reducing floor space, the layout of second dividing wall 48 in the updraught flue 23 will be convenient to regulate the cigarette stripping temperature.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting second kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 7, do not arrange any tubular type heating surface in the furnace outlet down pass 21, high temperature superheater 41, high temperature reheater 42, low temperature superheater 44, low-temperature reheater 45, economizer 47 are disposed in series in the updraught flue 23 from the bottom to top successively.The outlet collection case of high temperature superheater 41 and high temperature reheater 42 passes through superhigh temperature jet chimney 70 separately respectively, is connected to the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine 60 and the inlet of intermediate pressure cylinder.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts single reheat, do not arrange any tubular type convection heating surface in the furnace outlet down pass 21, high temperature superheater 41, high temperature reheater 42, low temperature superheater 44, low-temperature reheater 45, economizer 47 are disposed in series in the updraught flue 23.This moment, suspention, the layout of convection heating surface were easier to, and it is narrow that the width of furnace outlet down pass 21 can design.High temperature reheater 42 adopts counter-flow arrangement, thereby further reduces the length of superhigh temperature jet chimney 70, and part pendant superheater 13 adopts wing screen formula, can reduce curtain wall outlet collection case to the jet chimney length between the high temperature heating surface inlet collection case.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the third arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 8, high temperature superheater 41 is arranged in the bottom of furnace outlet down pass 21; High temperature reheater 42 is arranged in the bottom of updraught flue 23.High temperature reheater 42 can adopt counter-flow arrangement.At the middle part of updraught flue 23, be provided with second dividing wall 48, both sides arrange that respectively low temperature superheater 44 and low-temperature reheater 45, the second dividing walls 48 rear portions are provided with the gas baffle 49 that is used to regulate the flue gas flow distribution.The outlet collection case of high temperature superheater 41 and high temperature reheater 42 passes through superhigh temperature jet chimney 70 separately respectively, is connected to the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine 60 and the inlet of intermediate pressure cylinder.
In fact, second dividing wall 48 can be parallel to first dividing wall 25, also can be perpendicular to first dividing wall 25.Fig. 9 to Figure 11 concerns schematic diagram along the B among Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 to first dividing wall of observing and second dividing wall first kind, second kind, the third position.As shown in Figure 9, second dividing wall 48 can be set in updraught flue 23, and first dividing wall 25 only is set.As shown in figure 10, second dividing wall 48 also can be perpendicular to first dividing wall 25.As shown in figure 11, second dividing wall 48 can also be parallel to first dividing wall 25.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts single reheat, and the lower disposed of furnace outlet down pass 21 has high temperature superheater 41, is provided with second dividing wall 48 and gas baffle 49 in the updraught flue 23.This moment, the arrangement space of convection heating surface was more abundant, (the i.e. length of that dimension of can't see among the figure that the degree of depth of furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 can design is superficial, depth as shallow, the expression floor space is little), but the suspention of high temperature superheater 41, arrange that difficulty is bigger.
Figure 12 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 4th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4.As shown in figure 12, high temperature superheater 41 is arranged in the bottom of furnace outlet down pass 21, and high temperature reheater 42, cryogenic overheating 44, low-temperature reheater 45, economizer 47 are arranged sequentially in the updraught flue 23 from the bottom to top.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts single reheat, and each superheater, reheater arrange successively that along the flow of flue gas direction high temperature superheater 41 is arranged in the bottom of furnace outlet down pass 21.This moment, the arrangement space of each convection heating surface was more abundant, and it is superficial that the degree of depth of furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 can design.
Figure 13 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 5th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 4.As shown in figure 13, high temperature superheater 41, be arranged in the bottom of furnace outlet down pass 21, high temperature reheater 42, high temperature secondary reheater 43, low temperature superheater 44, low-temperature reheater 45, low temperature secondary reheater 46, economizer 47 are arranged sequentially in the updraught flue 23 from the bottom to top.The outlet collection case of high temperature superheater 41, high temperature reheater 42, high temperature secondary reheater 43 passes through superhigh temperature jet chimney 70 separately respectively, is connected to the inlet of the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine 60, an intermediate pressure cylinder and No. two intermediate pressure cylinders.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts double reheat, thereby can obtain higher fired power generating unit generating efficiency.
Figure 14 is the structural representation of various heating surfaces pulverized-coal fired boiler when adopting the 6th kind of arrangement form in middle flue shown in Figure 5.As shown in figure 14, in the bottom of updraught flue 23, arrange high temperature superheater 41 and high temperature reheater 42; On the top of updraught flue 23, arrange economizer 47; At the middle part of updraught flue, be provided with second dividing wall 48, both sides arrange that respectively low temperature superheater 44 and low-temperature reheater 45, the second dividing walls 48 rear portions are provided with the gas baffle 49 that is used to regulate the flue gas flow distribution.
Adopt the main feature of this arrangement form to be: boiler adopts single reheat, roof of the furnace is not arranged curtain wall, do not arrange any tubular type convection heating surface in the furnace outlet down pass 21 of furnace outlet, and by in updraught flue 23, establishing second dividing wall 48, superheater and reheater are arranged in parallel, and establish gas baffle 49 and regulate heat absorption ratio between heating surface.Furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 are separately independent to be arranged, does not have the excessive problem of first dividing wall, 25 temperature difference.The layout of second dividing wall 48 is convenient to regulate steam temperature; The height of updraught flue 23 can be lower than furnace outlet down pass 21, but floor space increases to some extent; The layout of the bag wall heating surface of the periphery of furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 is more reasonable.
For heat that absorbs thermal-flame in the burner hearth 10 or flue gas and the temperature that reduces the burner hearth perisporium; the burner hearth perisporium is played the better protection effect; can around burner hearth 10, arrange water-cooling wall, and can arrange bag wall heating surface as required at water-cooling wall with top.Figure 15 and Figure 16 are respectively the structural representations of the Spiral Coil Waterwall and the internal thread vertical tube water-cooling wall that once rises, as Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16.Water-cooling wall can be one or more in Spiral Coil Waterwall, internal thread vertical tube water-cooling wall, the low-quality flow internal thread vertical tube water-cooling wall.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13 can also be furnished with screen formula radiation heating-surface 13 on the top of burner hearth 10 for another example, and this screen formula radiation heating-surface 13 can be superheater, reheater or evaporating heating surface etc.Figure 17 and Figure 18 are respectively the structural representations of hanging panel formula radiation heating-surface and wing screen formula radiation heating-surface, as Figure 17 and shown in Figure 180, screen formula radiation heating-surface 13 can adopt the hanging panel formula, also can adopt wing screen formula, especially select for use wing screen formula radiation heating-surface can further reduce the length that the curtain wall outlet collects the jet chimney between case and the final stage convection heating surface outlet collection case, reduced the cost of boiler unit further.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 12, Figure 13 and shown in Figure 14 for another example, in the bottom of middle flue 20, and the bottom of afterbody down pass 30, can be respectively arranged with middle part ash discharging hole 27 and afterbody ash discharging hole 31.Ash discharging hole is arranged on flue bottom usually, opens in needs and carries out ash discharge.
The cooling medium of first dividing wall 25, bag wall heating surface and second dividing wall 48 can adopt water or steam.
The exhanst gas outlet 33 that is provided with in the bottom of afterbody down pass 30 is set in place the position below denitrating system 35 and air preheater 37, denitrating system 35 and air preheater 37 so that flue gas can be flowed through usually.
High-temperature flue gas successively by burner hearth 10, furnace outlet down pass 21, updraught flue 23, afterbody down pass 30, leaves boiler body by exhanst gas outlet 33 then.Figure 19 is the flow route schematic diagram that flue gas circulates in middle flue shown in Figure 4, and as shown in figure 19, flue gas circulation flue with an overall U-shaped in furnace outlet down pass 21 and updraught flue 23 circulates.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not limited to the utility model, and for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (13)
1. pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature comprises:
Burner hearth (10), bottom have slag-drip opening (11);
Afterbody down pass (30), bottom have exhanst gas outlet (33);
It is characterized in that, also comprise the middle flue (20) that is communicated between described burner hearth (10) and the described afterbody down pass (30), described middle flue (20) comprising:
The bottom is interconnected and the upper end is communicated with furnace outlet down pass (21) and the updraught flue (23) with formation U-shaped circulation passage respectively with the upper end of the upper end of described burner hearth (10) and described afterbody down pass (30).
2. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the lower end of described middle flue (20) and the distance on ground are 10～30 meters.
3. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that, two independent flues that furnace outlet down pass (21) in the described middle flue (20) and described updraught flue (23) are arranged as split.
4. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, flue (20) comprises the vertical flue that is positioned between described burner hearth (10) and the described afterbody down pass (30) in the middle of described, the upper end of described vertical flue is communicated with the upper end of described burner hearth (10) and the upper end of described afterbody down pass (30) by first horizontal flue (22) and second horizontal flue (24) respectively, is provided with in the described vertical flue to extend first dividing wall (25) that described vertical flue is separated into described furnace outlet down pass (21) and described updraught flue (23) downwards from the top.
5. according to each described pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be provided with multistage convection heating surface in the flue (20) in the middle of described, the final stage convection heating surface (41,42,43) that links to each other with steam turbine (60) is positioned at the below of all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels.
6. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, each convection heating surface in the described final stage convection heating surface (41,42,43) is positioned at the bottom of described furnace outlet down pass (21) and/or described updraught flue (23), and each convection heating surface in all the other convection heating surfaces at different levels all is arranged in the described updraught flue (23).
7. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, be arranged between the convection heating surface that is arranged in parallel of described updraught flue (23) and be provided with second dividing wall (48), the rear of described second dividing wall (48) is provided with gas baffle (49).
8. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 5 is characterized in that described convection heating surface comprises one or more in superheater, reheater and the economizer.
9. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the arranged outside of described middle flue (20) has bag wall heating surface or backplate.
10. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the lower end of described middle flue (20) and described afterbody down pass (30) is provided with ash discharging hole (27,31).
11. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is furnished with air preheater (37) in the described afterbody down pass (30).
12. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 11 is characterized in that, denitrating system (35) and/or convection heating surface also are set in the described afterbody down pass (30).
13. the pulverized-coal fired boiler that is applicable to the superelevation steam temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The periphery of described burner hearth (10) is provided with water-cooling wall, and the above part of described water-cooling wall is furnished with bag wall superheater;
The top layout of described burner hearth (10), described middle flue (20) and described afterbody down pass (30) has steam;
The top of described burner hearth (10) is provided with screen formula radiation heating-surface (13).
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| CN2011200596416U CN201954519U (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-03-08 | Pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature |
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| CN2011200596416U CN201954519U (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-03-08 | Pulverized-coal fired boiler applicable to ultrahigh steam temperature |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102128443A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-07-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| CN102364244A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-02-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Ultra supercritical boiler with parameter of more than 700 DEG C having secondary re-heating function |
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| CN102635869A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-15 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Boiler with denitration device and boiler modification method |
| CN102913891A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 清华大学 | Boiler flue structure |
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- 2011-03-08 CN CN2011200596416U patent/CN201954519U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN102128443A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-07-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| WO2012119460A1 (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-09-13 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | M-type pulverized coal boiler suitable for super-high steam temperature |
| CN102128443B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-12-12 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| US8904790B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2014-12-09 | Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute | M-type pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| CN102364244A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-02-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Ultra supercritical boiler with parameter of more than 700 DEG C having secondary re-heating function |
| CN102537924A (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-07-04 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | 670MW supercritical tower type brown coal boiler |
| CN102635869A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-08-15 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Boiler with denitration device and boiler modification method |
| CN102913891A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 清华大学 | Boiler flue structure |
| CN103807863A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-21 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 | Improved smoke temperature adjusting system for selective catalytic reduction |
| CN103807863B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2018-02-13 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 | A kind of cigarette temperature controlling system for SCR transformation |
| CN105423268A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-23 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Three-way power station boiler suitable for 700 DEG C steam parameter |
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Granted publication date: 20110831 |