CN106640223B - Low-heat value gas electricity-generating method - Google Patents

Low-heat value gas electricity-generating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106640223B
CN106640223B CN201611068577.1A CN201611068577A CN106640223B CN 106640223 B CN106640223 B CN 106640223B CN 201611068577 A CN201611068577 A CN 201611068577A CN 106640223 B CN106640223 B CN 106640223B
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steam
low
heated
heat
superheater
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CN106640223A (en
Inventor
李社锋
郑景军
刘子豪
赵波
王文坦
郭华军
覃慧
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China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
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China City Environment Protection Engineering Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Abstract

The present invention relates to coal gas generating, a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method is provided, low-heat value gas is imported in combustion chamber and burnt, the aqueous in drum is imported in the water-cooling wall of body of heater simultaneously, aqueous caused by low-heat value gas combustion in heat water-cooling wall makes it mutually be changed into steam water interface, steam water interface, which enters in drum, to be separated, the saturated vapor isolated generates superheated steam after overheated machine group heats again, superheated steam is imported into red switch in the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine to generate electricity, the steam of decrease temperature and pressure can be heated to be superheated steam again through high temperature reheater and low-temperature reheater, and the superheated steam imports red switch in turbine low pressure cylinder and generated electricity, the exhaust steam of steam turbine discharge is first condensed into aqueous, import in drum and recycle again with bypass economizer heating through main economizer again.The electricity-generating method of the present invention can stablize carbonated drink parameter, can both ensure security, additionally it is possible to improve the generating efficiency of low-heat value gas, heat utilization ratio is higher.

Description

Low-heat value gas electricity-generating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal gas generating, more particularly to a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method.
Background technology
China's steel and iron industry fast development, occupies the first in the world big producer for years.Iron and steel enterprise was smelting Substantial amounts of by-product gas is generated in journey, such as blast furnace gas, coal gas of converter and coke-stove gas.Coke-stove gas and coal gas of converter due to Calorific capacity is high, can effectively be utilized in production and life.And blast furnace gas has yield maximum, calorific value is minimum, is difficult to stabilization Burning, the features such as generating efficiency is low.
Blast furnace gas is a kind of colorless and odorless, odorless mixed gas, main component CO, CO2、N2、H2、CH4Deng it Middle combustible component CO contents account for 25%；H2、CH4Content it is seldom, gross calorific power is influenceed little；Inert gas CO2、N2's Content accounts for 15%, 55% (with volume fraction) respectively, and proportion is high, is both not involved in burning and produces heat, can not help Combustion, on the contrary, also absorbing caused heat in substantial amounts of combustion process；Flame is longer；Ignition temperature is about 700 DEG C；Flame passes It is very slow to broadcast speed, temperature is not high, and combustion stability is bad；Calorific value is generally 3100kJ/Nm3-4200kJ/Nm3, exhaust gas volumn is big.Cause This, the effective conversion and utilization of blast furnace gas are the important steps of iron and steel enterprise's clean manufacturing and energy-conservation.
Based on blast furnace gas fuel and combustion characteristics, the solid or gaseous fuel of blast furnace gas and other high heating values have aobvious The difference of work, the heat-transfer character of gas boiler vary widely, and its heating surface arrangement has dramatically different with coal burning gas boiler. Although patent《A kind of Blast Furnace Gas-fired Boiler flue gas heat recovery system》(application number：201320444475.0) and 《A kind of Blast Furnace Gas-fired Boiler fume afterheat advanced recycling system》(application number：201320446384.0) disclose phase Blast furnace gas boiler flue gas heat recovery system is closed, still, it only improves emphatically the recycling of fume side waste heat, and not The gas boiler for considering to bring because the calorific value of blast furnace gas is low, is difficult to stable the features such as burning conducts heat and the cores such as heating surface is arranged Major issue, do not consider how to improve low-heat value gas generating efficiency by carbonated drink side process optimization yet.
It is special meanwhile many blast furnace gas boilers have desuperheating water usage amount in high load capacity considerably beyond design load at present It is not to be drawn high in gas boiler load or in the case of high load capacity gas boiler load fluctuation, desuperheating water be present and do not catch up with, coal gas The problem of boiler superheater heating surface easy overtemperature.For this reason, it may be necessary to reasonable Arrangement is carried out to all kinds of heating surfaces of blast furnace gas boiler, Including heating surface arrangement form, heating surface arrangement ratio etc., so as to solve the problems, such as the easy overtemperature of gas boiler superheater surface, Stable carbonated drink parameter, improve the overall thermal efficiency of low calorific value coal gas electric generating apparatus.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is intended to for solving existing low calorific value coal The problem of thermal efficiency of gas is relatively low.
What the present invention was realized in：
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
Low-heat value gas is sent into the combustion chamber of gas boiler by gas piping through burner and burnt, burning produces Heat, heat each heating surface；
Aqueous in one drum is flowed out by liquid outlet, the water cooling of the body of heater of the gas boiler is sent into by pipeline In wall, aqueous is heated in the water-cooling wall, is mutually changed into steam water interface, the drum is sent back to by pipeline；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in the drum, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to ceiling by pipeline Pipe, and will continue to be heated to be superheated steam in overheat unit that saturated vapor is imported in the body of heater through the roof tube；
Superheated steam is delivered in the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine by pipeline, the blade of steam turbine described in steam red switch, the vapour Turbine drives generator to be generated electricity, and vapor (steam) temperature and pressure reduce after red switch acting；
The steam come out from the high pressure cylinder enters a low-temperature reheater, is heated again afterwards into a high temperature reheater For superheated steam, the superheated steam is imported to the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine, after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are again Reduce；
The exhaust steam come out from the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine is condensed into condenser, is condensed in the condenser For aqueous, aqueous is squeezed into by low-pressure heater by condensate pump afterwards, taken out in the low-pressure heater by the low pressure of steam turbine Vapour heats；
The water come out from the low-pressure heater enters oxygen-eliminating device, after the oxygen-eliminating device carries out deoxygenation, passes through feed pump High-pressure heater is squeezed into, is heated in the high-pressure heater by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine, afterwards into main economizer；
Aqueous enters bypass economizer in the main economizer after flue gas, imports institute after being further heated again State in drum and recycle.
Further, the overheat unit includes pendant superheater component, the low temperature superheater and convection type of convection type High temperature superheater, three is sequentially communicated, and saturated vapor is first imported in the pendant superheater component and heated by the roof tube, Then the low temperature superheater is sequentially entered with being heated to be superheated steam in the high temperature superheater.
Further, the pendant superheater component includes preceding screen superheater and Late reworking, and in the preceding screen For superheater with being provided with one-level water spraying structure on the stream of the Late reworking, the roof tube first imports saturated vapor institute Heat, then the saturated vapor after heating is cooled using the one-level water spraying structure, after cooling in screen superheater before stating Saturated vapor enter the Late reworking in continue to heat, and through the Late reworking heating after saturated vapor import Heated in the low temperature superheater.
Further, than being 6%~7%, the high temperature superheater heat absorption ratio is for the pendant superheater component heat absorption 9.5%~10.5%, the low temperature superheater heat absorption is than being 9.0%~10.5%.
Further, the high temperature superheater includes two cold section and a hot arc, and the hot arc is described cold positioned at two Between section, and in being provided with two level water spraying structure on the previous cold section of stream between the hot arc, through low temperature superheater Saturated vapor after heating is introduced into the wherein one cold section of heating, then using the two level water spraying structure to full after heating Cooled again with steam, the saturated vapor after cooling sequentially enters the hot arc and another described cold section is continued to be heated to be Superheated steam.
Further, the superheated steam through the overheat unit heat generation is introduced into a steam header, then by described Steam header is imported in the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
Further, in being provided with convection current tube panel in the body of heater, the aqueous as derived from the drum is divided into two-way, wherein Enter all the way in the water-cooling wall and be heated to be steam water interface, another way enters in the convection current tube panel and is heated to be steam-water mixing Thing, and the steam water interface generated imports and steam-water separation is carried out in the drum.
Further, it is described bypass economizer be arranged side by side with the low-temperature reheater, between the two by superheater every Wall separates, and the saturated vapor heated through the roof tube is divided into four tunnels, and wherein two-way enters in enclosure wall tube and heated, full after heating Enter with steam in the overheat unit and continue to heat；Other two-way, which enters in the superheater partition wall, to be heated, and after heating Saturated vapor also continues to heat into described overheat in unit.
Further, it is introduced into the air of the burning Indoor Combustion in air preheater, and the air preheat Device is preheated using flue gas caused by low-heat value gas combustion to the air of entrance.
Further, the aqueous after the main economizer heating cleans the drum by a branch road.
The invention has the advantages that：
In the electricity-generating method of the present invention, low-heat value gas is introduced into the combustion chamber of body of heater, and in the presence of burner Its is burnt and release heat, the aqueous water in drum is directed in the water-cooling wall of body of heater by its liquid outlet, low-heat value gas combustion Aqueous water in liberated heat heating water-cooling wall, and then cause the heat absorption of operative liquid water to be mutually changed into gaseous state, by water-cooling wall Gas-vapor mix imports again carries out steam separation in drum, wherein the liquid after separation enters weight in water-cooling wall through liquid outlet New heating, and superheated steam can be imported in steam turbine and done then into superheated steam is heated to be in overheat unit by steam Work(generates electricity, and the condensed device of exhaust steam after acting enters heat temperature raising in economizer unit after being condensed into aqueous water, and after heating Aqueous water is imported in drum and recycled.In above process, by burner stable burning low-heat value gas, first by water-cooling wall Interior aqueous water is heated to be gaseous state, and steam then is heated to be into superheated steam using overheat unit, is done work and sent out using superheated steam Electricity, carbonated drink parameter can be stablized, can both ensure security, additionally it is possible to improve the generating efficiency of low-heat value gas, generating efficiency Up to more than 37%, heat utilization ratio is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of Fig. 1 low-heat value gas electricity-generating method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all other under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, main using a kind of hair Electric system, the electricity generation system generate electricity by using heat caused by low-heat value gas combustion, electricity generation system include gas boiler 1 with And generating set 2, low-heat value gas, which can be imported in gas boiler 1, to be burnt, and is then produced using low-heat value gas combustion Heat generated electricity by generating set 2, generating set 2 includes steam turbine 21 and generator 22, and steam turbine 21 includes high pressure Cylinder 211, it is steam that low-heat value gas can heat aqueous water in heat caused by the interior burning of gas boiler 1, and then will can be steamed Vapour, which is imported in high pressure cylinder 211, drives steam turbine 21 to do work, and then drives the rotary electrification of generator 22 by steam turbine 21, and steam is done Work(is exported by exhaust steam as exhaust steam and exports recycling.The structure of gas boiler 1 is refined, it includes built-in combustion room 111 Body of heater 11 and can steam-water separation drum 12, be provided with burner 112 in combustion chamber 111, low-heat value gas imports burning Releasing heat is lighted by burner 112 in room 111, typically, multiple burners 112 is provided with combustion chamber 111, combustion can be passed through The support layered arrangement of burner 112 is on the front-back wall of combustion chamber 111, for example can be provided with front wall two layers, and rear wall is set There is one layer, and each layer is sequentially arranged at intervals with three burners 112, can enter combustion chamber by this arrangement Low-heat value gas in 111 can be burnt completely, and coke-stove gas can be used in combustion chamber 111 as seed material, high energy point Firelock is provided with high-energy firing gun and coke oven air gun, first passes through high-energy firing gun and light as igniter, every burner 112 Coke-stove gas lights low-heat value gas with the corresponding burner 112 that ignites, then by burner 112, and upper strata burner 112 can not make With igniter, layer burner 112 ignites on the lower, and each burner 112 uses double-cyclone structure type in addition, it is possible to achieve Burning to low-heat value gas, of course for combustion completion is ensured, flame detecting device use is left on every support of burner 112 Hole, for configuring fire inspection equipment, to ensure the safety of gas boiler 1 in combustion process；And drum 12 is located at the outside of body of heater 11, It can realize steam-water separation effect, using single hop vapo(u)rization system, be provided with drum 12 cyclone separator, cleaning orifice, The equipment such as top wave form plate separator and top porous plate, after steam water interface is imported in drum 12, pass through above-mentioned each point The steam and aqueous that can be sufficiently separated from equipment in steam water interface, and steam is filled in the upper space of drum 12, aqueous Then in the lower space of drum 12,2 bi- colour water gauges, 2 electric contact water gages, 3 single chambers are provided with drum 12 Water level balance container, for ensure steam quality it is good and can the full water phenomenon of timely processing drum 12, generally in drum 12 Phosphate chemical feed pipe, continuous blowdown pipe and emergency blowoff pipe are also equipped with, for ensureing water quality.Continue to refine the structure of body of heater 11, its Agent structure is using double framework all steel welding, and inner space also includes horizontal flue 113 and vertical flue 114, horizontal Flue 113 is located at the top of combustion chamber 111, its connection combustion chamber 111 and vertical flue 114, and combustion chamber 111 and vertical flue 114 are oppositely arranged, and three encloses the π types that to be formed, and caused flue gas is successively through combustion chamber 111, horizontal cigarette after low-heat value gas combustion Road 113 and vertical flue 114 discharge gas boiler 1, and the flue gas discharged certainly by gas boiler 1 needs to do further purification Heel row is managed to air, full fin panel casing 115 is provided with body of heater 11, while there also is provided roof tube and enclosure wall tube, drum The steam of separation is introduced into roof tube and enclosure wall tube in 12, then is allocated to follow-up overheat unit 13, roof tube and bag Wall coil adds the membrane wall structure of band steel using light pipe, and water-cooling wall 115 has at least one port and the liquid outlet of drum 12 Connection, usual water-cooling wall 115 have multiple ports and the liquid outlet of drum 12 to connect, and the aqueous in drum 12 can be through corresponding Pipeline enters in water-cooling wall 115, and water-cooling wall 115 also there is at least one port to be connected with the gas entrance of drum 12, water cooling Wall 115 adds band steel to be welded into from using light pipe, and wall with refractory lining, refracto is covered with water-cooling wall 115, the weight of the water-cooling wall 115 of body of heater 11 It is suspended to by upper collecting chamber with suspension rod on roof beam lattice, tiltedly rear water-cooling wall 115 through the fairlead of horizontal flue 113 by being suspended to On the steelframe of top, expanded downwardly together after whole body of heater 11 is heated, and in the outside surrounding of water-cooling wall 115 along short transverse every 3m Left and right sets a circle buckstay, to increase the rigidity of water-cooling wall 115, meets the requirement of the design pressure of combustion chamber 111.Further Ground, overheat unit 13 and economizer unit 14, both of which are respectively arranged with horizontal flue 113 and vertical flue 114 On the flue for producing flue gas positioned at low-heat value gas combustion, wherein overheat unit 13 connects gas outlet and the steamer of drum 12 The entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21, the steam of the interior separation of drum 12 are introduced into above-mentioned roof tube, and which part steam enters bag Heated in wall coil, the steam after heating enters in the overheat unit 13 and is heated to be superheated steam again, then by the superheated steam Import in steam turbine 21 and do work, and economizer unit 14 then connects the exhaust steam outlet of steam turbine 21 and the liquid of drum 12 enters Mouthful, and condenser 23 is provided with the pipeline between economizer unit 14 and steam turbine 21, produced after low-heat value gas combustion Raw flue gas along horizontal flue 113 and vertical flue 114 flow at economizer unit 14 when, it also has higher temperature, And superheated steam turns into exhaust steam after the interior acting of steam turbine 21 and exports discharge by exhaust steam, and condensed device 23 liquefies to be led after aqueous Enter in economizer unit 14, and then the part aqueous can be heated by economizer unit 14, the aqueous after heating is led Enter and recycled in drum 12.
In the present invention, low-heat value gas is imported in the combustion chamber 111 of body of heater 11, lighted by burner 112, together When drum 12 in aqueous flow to through its liquid outlet in water-cooling wall 115, due to low-heat value gas burning when produce flue gas and Discharge with substantial amounts of heat, the aqueous in water-cooling wall 115 can be heated by the partial heat, and then cause part Aqueous is mutually changed into steam, then imports the steam water interface again and vapor-liquid separation is carried out in drum 12, generally in body of heater 11 Evaporation convection tube panel 116 is additionally provided with, it is spiral finned tube, is fixed on by the way of hanging on the steelframe of top, the evaporation The both ends of convection current tube panel 116 are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and gas entrance of drum 12, and the aqueous in this drum 12 is being directed at Part is split during water-cooling wall 115 into carrying out being heated to be steam, evaporation convection tube panel in evaporation convection tube panel 116 Steam water interface in 116, which is also directed into drum 12, carries out vapor-liquid separation, and aqueous after isolation continues to be conducted to water cooling Heated again in wall 115 or evaporation convection tube panel 116, the steam after separation is then conducted to overheat in unit 13 also by again Secondary heating, and then steam can be caused to be heated to be superheated steam, superheated steam can then can be conducted to enter in steam turbine 21 Row acting generates electricity, and the superheated steam after acting is generated as exhaust steam and exports export by the exhaust steam of steam turbine 21, and exhaust steam enters condenser Liquefaction is about 40 DEG C of aqueous in 23, is driven into low-pressure heater 25 by condensate pump 24 afterwards, the quilt in low-pressure heater 25 The low-pressure pumping steam heating of steam turbine, and the aqueous come out from low-pressure heater 25 enters in oxygen-eliminating device 26, is carried out by oxygen-eliminating device 26 After deoxygenation, high-pressure heater 28 is pumped into by feed pump 27, heated in high-pressure heater 28 by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine, then It is conducted into economizer unit 14 and is heated again, the aqueous after heating is imported in drum 12 and circulated successively according to above-mentioned steps Use.In above-mentioned whole process, burner 112 in this way lights low-heat value gas, can cause low calorific value coal Gas stable burning in combustion chamber 111, and in low-heat value gas after burned device 112 is lighted, its heat discharged first heats Aqueous in water-cooling wall 115 or evaporation convection tube panel 116, then steam can be heated at overheat unit 13, finally may be used also To heat the aqueous after acting at economizer unit 14, heat is repeatedly utilized, and low-heat value gas in whole process Heat is respectively positioned in body of heater 11, it is not easy to scatters and disappears, the overall thermal efficiency of electricity generation system can be effectively ensured, enhance carbonated drink and change Heat.
Optimize above-described embodiment, reheater unit 15 is additionally provided with body of heater 11, the reheater unit 15 connection steamer The entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21 and the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21 export.In the present embodiment, general steam turbine 21 also includes There are low pressure (LP) cylinder 212, superheated steam to do work after being imported by the entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 to generate electricity, the steam after it does work can be by high pressure cylinder 211 Outlet export, and red switch is done work in high pressure cylinder 211 due to superheated steam, by high pressure cylinder 211 export the steam pressure of discharge with Temperature reduces, and this can be conducted into reheater unit 15 to be heated again and can be led for superheated steam, superheated steam Enter to carry out red switch again in low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 to do work, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are lowered again, can be described as exhaust steam, exhaust steam is then by weary It is aqueous that vapor outlet, which imports liquefaction in condenser 23,.On the other hand, the profit of superheated steam can be improved by setting up reheater unit 15 With rate, ensure the overall thermal efficiency of the low-heat value gas to electricity generation system.
The structure of reheater unit 15 is refined, it includes installing in the low-temperature reheater 151 in vertical flue 114, steamer The outlet of high pressure cylinder 211 of machine 21 is to the low-temperature reheater 151.Low-temperature reheater 151 also uses the structure of spiral finned tube Form, and in-line counter-flow arrangement, steam enters entering for low-temperature reheater 151 after exporting discharge by high pressure cylinder 211 in steam turbine 21 Mouth header, can be provided with attemperator at the import header, i.e., the steam that high pressure cylinder 211 is discharged is introduced into low-temperature reheater Temperature adjustment is carried out by attemperator in 151 import header, and the attemperator mainly uses watering temperature adjustment, finely tunes vapor (steam) temperature, Steam after desuperheat, which enters in low-temperature reheater 151, to be heated.Usual reheater unit 15 also includes high temperature reheater 152, high temperature reheater 152 is installed in horizontal flue 113, and it connects low-temperature reheater 151 and the import of low pressure (LP) cylinder 212, due to Horizontal flue 113 is located at front of the vertical flue 114 along flue gas flow direction, then the temperature at horizontal flue 113 is higher than vertical flue Temperature at 114, the steam discharged by high pressure cylinder 211 are introduced into low-temperature reheater 151 and heated, and are then introduced into high temperature reheater 152 heating, and the steam after the heating of high temperature reheater 152 is superheated steam, the low pressure (LP) cylinder that can be conducted in steam turbine 21 Red switch is done work in 212.High temperature reheater 152 uses light-pipe structure, and is in-line down current arrangement, the row with low-temperature reheater 151 Column direction is on the contrary, heat absorption efficiency can be improved.Flue regulation is carried out at the corresponding reheater unit 15 of other body of heater 11, body of heater 11 Twin flue design is carried out in vertical flue 114, the end-position of twin flue is then provided with gas baffle 161, passes through regulation The aperture of gas baffle 161 realizes the distribution of exhaust gas volumn in two flues, and then can reach and be adjusted by reheater unit 15 The purpose of reheat steam temperature is saved, so that the temperature of reheated steam and pressure are highly stable.
Further, the structure of economizer unit 14 is refined, it includes installing in the main economizer of the vertical bottom of flue 114 141 and the bypass economizer 142 above main economizer 141, connect between the two, bypass economizer 142 can be two Individual, both are in parallel, and main economizer 141 is connected with two bypass economizers 142 respectively by two streams, the outlet of condenser 23 Main economizer 141 is communicated to, and the wherein Single port for bypassing economizer 142 is communicated to the liquid inlet of drum 12, and bypass and save Both are arranged side by side for coal device 142 and low-temperature reheater 151, respectively in the twin flue of vertical flue 114, and lead between the two Cross superheater partition wall 16 to be separated, generally use film partition structure, some vapor into roof tube can enter the mistake Heat in hot device partition wall 16, the steam after heating, which can enter in overheat unit 13, to be heated again for superheated steam, and by upper Flue gas flow between 161 liang of regulation bypass economizers 142 of the gas baffle stated and 151 corresponding flue of low-temperature reheater, main province Coal device 141 is located at the lower section of twin flue end.In the present embodiment, flue gas edge bypasses economizer 142 to the direction of main economizer 141 Flowing, and the aqueous that condenser 23 is discharged then flows to bypass economizer 142 by main economizer 141, so as to realize working medium and cigarette Between gas each other countercurrently, main economizer 141 and bypass economizer 142 are helix fin tubular construction, wherein main economizer 141 is It is staggered in arrangement, and it is in-line arrangement to bypass economizer 142, bypass economizer 142 uses overhung construction, and total weight passes through hanging Device is fixed on enclosure wall tube, then is suspended in by enclosure wall tube header fairlead on the steelframe of top, and main economizer 141 is put on ventilation Liang Shang, ventilation beam pass body of heater 11 and are supported on the backplate of body of heater 11.In addition at work, entered by the aqueous that feed pump 27 provides Become owner of after being heated in economizer 141, a portion aqueous directly can be directed in drum 12 as rinse water as needed Use.
Optimize above-described embodiment, vertical flue 114 is divided for upper space and lower space, wherein 141, main economizer In in lower space, and bypass economizer 142 and be located at low-temperature reheater 151 in upper space, and upper space and bottom sky Between between then connected by expansion joint 117.In the present embodiment, vertical flue 114 is divided into by above-mentioned twin flue with single flue Upper space and lower space, i.e. twin flue correspond to upper space, and main economizer 141 is located at the lower section of twin flue, are single cigarette Road, corresponding lower space, is connected to this in the junction of twin flue and single flue using nonmetallic expansion joint 117, and it can be with Expansion is absorbed, reduces leakage.
Further, the structure of refinement overheat unit 13, the cryogenic overheating of pendant superheater component 131, convection type is included The high temperature superheater 133 of device 132 and convection type, three is sequentially communicated, i.e., steam successively by pendant superheater component 131, Low temperature superheater 132 and high temperature superheater 133, and the gas outlet pendant superheater component 131 of drum 12, high temperature mistake Hot device 133 connects the entrance of high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21.In the present embodiment, pendant superheater component 131 overheats for half radiant type Device, and low temperature superheater 132 and high temperature superheater 133 are convection superheater, i.e., overheat unit 13 provided by the invention is adopted With the mode that is combined with convection current of radiation, multiple cross-mixing, during setting, pendant superheater component 131 is located at combustion chamber 111 Surface, caused high-temperature flue gas is first flow at pendant superheater component 131 after low-heat value gas combustion, high temperature superheater 133 Then set gradually along the flow direction of flue gas with low temperature superheater 132, added by the steam and the superheater partition wall 16 that are heated in enclosure wall tube are interior The steam of heat is imported in pendant superheater component 131, and enters low temperature superheater after the heating of pendant superheater component 131 Heated in 132, finally enter in high temperature superheater 133 and heat, and then superheated steam can be obtained and be used for rushing in steam turbine 21 Turn acting.By arranging the overheat unit 13 of this structure, the heat absorption ratio that can cause three kinds of superheaters is respectively：Screen formula overheats The heat absorption of device assembly 131 is than being 6%~7%, and the heat absorption of high temperature superheater 133 than being 9.5%~10.5%, inhale by low temperature superheater 132 Heat is than being 9.0%~10.5%, so as to solve the problems, such as the easy overtemperature of the superheater surface of gas boiler 1, stabilizes carbonated drink ginseng Number, gas boiler 1 is especially set to stabilize carbonated drink parameter when load is drawn high or high load capacity fluctuates, not only ensure that coal gas pot The safety of stove 1, avoids the risk of the easy booster of superheater, and improve the overall thermal efficiency of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method.One As, body of heater 11 extends formed with furnace arch, furnace nose 118, furnace arch, furnace nose 118 in the exit of combustion chamber 111 to the inner bending of horizontal flue 113 Including the first tilting section and the second tilting section, wherein the first tilting section is in the upward direction to 113 tilted extension of horizontal flue, And the second tilting section is inclined upwardly extension from the direction of the first tilting section to vertical flue 114, so as to pass through first Tilting section, which is formed, first reduces combustion chamber 111 to the bore of horizontal flue 113, then passes through the second tilting section horizontal flue Flow direction of 113 bore along flue gas is in gradually-reducing shape, and it can be effectively improved the aerodynamic field in horizontal flue 113.Above-mentioned Screen superheater 134 and Late reworking 135, both of which are located at the correspondence of horizontal flue 113 before pendant superheater component 131 includes In the space of furnace arch, furnace nose 118, the gas outlet of preceding screen superheater 134 and drum 12, specifically with the outlet of enclosure wall tube with And the outlet of superheater partition wall 16 so that before the steam in both can be flow in screen superheater 134, and Late reworking 135 connect preceding screen superheater 134 and low temperature superheater 132, screen overheat after the steam heated in preceding screen superheater 134 is introduced into Heat, entered back into low temperature superheater 132 in device 135.Preceding screen superheater 134, Late reworking 135, low temperature superheater 132 with And high temperature superheater 133 is suspended on the steelframe of top by suspension rod, and it is made of 12Cr1MoVG materials, which part steel Duan Ze grinds 102 steel alloys using steel.
Further, overheat and steam temperature adjustment structure is additionally provided with unit 13, for example shielded in preceding screen superheater 134 with after One-level water spraying structure is provided with stream between hot device 135, one-level water spraying structure is using direct-contact desuperheater to preceding screen superheater Steam spray cooling in stream between 134 and Late reworking 135, this is coarse adjustment, can tentatively adjust the temperature of steam. Steam temperature adjustment structure also includes two level water spraying structure, and it is installed on high temperature superheater 133, and high temperature superheater 133 includes two Individual cold section can be provided with a hot arc, hot arc between two cold section on the previous cold section of stream between hot arc The two level water spraying structure, is adjusted to accurate adjustment herein, regulating valve and stop valve can be provided with stream, it is possible to achieve in stream The relative accurate adjustment of vapor (steam) temperature.Common adjustment effect to this by one-level water spraying structure and two level water spraying structure, can be with Ensure the temperature of the superheated steam under the rated load of gas boiler 1, water is used for one-level water spraying structure and two level water spraying structure Can be using aqueous after the deoxygenation that feed pump 27 extracts.Also set up on stream generally between overheat unit 13 and steam turbine 21 There is a steam header 136, the superheated steam after being heated by high temperature superheater 133, which is introduced into the steam header 136, to be delayed Punching, it is then directed to red switch in the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21 and does work.
Further, an air preheater 17 is additionally provided with the bottom of vertical flue 114, is mended into combustion chamber 111 The air filled is introduced into air preheater 17, and the flue gas in vertical flue 114 is flow at air preheater 17 can be into it Air is heated, and improves the utilization rate of flue gas heat, and certain flue gas does not mix with the air in air preheater 17, Liang Zhewei Non-contact thermal.Air preheater 17 uses vertical channel structure, and single-stage one-stroke arrangement, the pipe of air preheater 17 is thin Wall spiral grooved tube, parallel baffled in fume pipe, the outer transversal flow of air hose, to prevent the vibrations of air preheater 17, in bobbin carriage In shock baffle is housed.
, in summary, can be by after low-heat value gas combustion using the electricity generation system of said structure referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Caused Btu utilization acting generates electricity, and low-heat value gas electricity-generating method specifically includes following steps：
Low heat value is sent into the combustion chamber 111 of gas boiler 1 by gas piping through Dual-cyclone burner 112 and fired Burn, burning produces heat, heats each heating surface；
Aqueous in drum 12 is flowed out by liquid outlet, and forms two streams, wherein a stream is sent into by pipeline The water-cooling wall 115 of body of heater 11, another stream are sent into evaporation convection tube panel 116 by pipeline, and aqueous is in water-cooling wall 115 and evaporation pair Flow tube screen 116 is heated, and is mutually changed into steam water interface, drum 12 is sent back to by pipeline；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in drum 12, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to ceiling by pipeline Pipe, steam is divided into four tunnels in roof tube, and wherein two-way (preceding left side bag wraps with preceding right side) enters enclosure wall tube after being heated, separately Outer two-way (rear left side bag wraps with rear right side) enters superheater partition wall 16 after being heated, and is come out from enclosure wall tube and superheater partition wall 16 Steam enter together before screen superheater 134；
Enter Late reworking 135, preceding screen superheater 134 and Late reworking 135 after preceding screen superheater 134 is heated Between by one-level water spraying structure adjust steam temperature, Late reworking 135 be heated after, into low temperature superheater 132 Heating, is heated into high temperature superheater 133 afterwards, and is sprayed water at cold section of high temperature superheater 133 between hot arc by two level Structure temperature adjustment again, the superheated steam after two level watering temperature adjustment enter steam header 136；
Superheated steam delivers to the high pressure cylinder 211 of steam turbine 21, steam red switch vapour after collection vapour header enters row buffering by pipeline The blade of turbine 21, steam turbine 21 drive generator 22 to be generated electricity, and vapor (steam) temperature and pressure reduce after red switch acting；
The steam come out from high pressure cylinder 211 enters low-temperature reheater 151, is added again into high temperature reheater 152 afterwards Heat is superheated steam, and the superheated steam is imported into the low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 of steam turbine 21, and after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure are again Secondary reduction；
The exhaust steam come out from the low pressure (LP) cylinder 212 of steam turbine 21 is condensed into condenser 23, is condensed into condenser About 40 DEG C of aqueous, is driven into low-pressure heater 25 by condensate pump 24 afterwards, by the low of steam turbine in low-pressure heater 25 Press heating of drawing gas；
The water come out from low-pressure heater 25 enters oxygen-eliminating device 26, after oxygen-eliminating device 26 carries out deoxygenation, passes through feed pump 27 High-pressure heater 28 is squeezed into, is heated in high-pressure heater 28 by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine, afterwards into main economizer 141；
Aqueous enters bypass economizer 142 after main economizer 141 is by the flue gas of the vertical afterbody of flue 114, is entered Enter after the heating of one step in drum 12 and be recycled, the aqueous and steam step being repeated in above steps.It is main in addition The outlet of economizer 141 is additionally provided with a branch road, drum 12 is delivered to as rinse water when being necessary, for the clear of drum 12 Wash.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of low-heat value gas electricity-generating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Low-heat value gas is sent into the combustion chamber of gas boiler by gas piping through burner and burnt, burning produces heat Amount, heats each heating surface；
Aqueous in one drum is flowed out by liquid outlet, the water-cooling wall of the body of heater of the gas boiler is sent into by pipeline Interior, aqueous is heated in the water-cooling wall, is mutually changed into steam water interface, the drum is sent back to by pipeline；
Steam water interface carries out steam-water separation in the drum, and the saturated vapor separated delivers to roof tube by pipeline, And it will continue to be heated to be superheated steam in overheat unit that saturated vapor is imported in the body of heater through the roof tube；
Superheated steam is delivered in the high pressure cylinder of steam turbine by pipeline, the blade of steam turbine described in steam red switch, the steam turbine Generator is driven to be generated electricity, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure reduce after red switch acting；
The steam come out from the high pressure cylinder enters a low-temperature reheater, is heated again afterwards into a high temperature reheater as mistake Vapours, the superheated steam is imported to the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine, after red switch acting, vapor (steam) temperature and pressure drop again It is low；
The exhaust steam come out from the low pressure (LP) cylinder of the steam turbine is condensed into condenser, and water is condensed into the condenser Liquid, aqueous is squeezed into by low-pressure heater by condensate pump afterwards, added in the low-pressure heater by the low-pressure pumping steam of steam turbine Heat；
The water come out from the low-pressure heater enters oxygen-eliminating device, after the oxygen-eliminating device carries out deoxygenation, is squeezed into by feed pump High-pressure heater, heated in the high-pressure heater by the high pressure extraction of steam turbine, afterwards into main economizer；
Aqueous enters bypass economizer in the main economizer after flue gas, imports the pot after being further heated again Recycled in cylinder.
2. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The overheat unit overheats including screen formula The high temperature superheater of device assembly, the low temperature superheater of convection type and convection type, three are sequentially communicated, and the roof tube is by saturation Steam is first imported in the pendant superheater component and heated, and then sequentially enters the low temperature superheater and the high temperature superheater Inside it is heated to be superheated steam.
3. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Before the pendant superheater component includes Shield superheater and Late reworking, and sprayed in being provided with one-level on the stream of the preceding screen superheater and the Late reworking Water-bound, saturated vapor is first imported in the preceding screen superheater and heated by the roof tube, then using one-level water spray knot Structure cools to the saturated vapor after heating, and the saturated vapor after cooling, which enters in the Late reworking, to be continued to heat, and Saturated vapor after Late reworking heating, which is imported in the low temperature superheater, to be heated.
4. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The pendant superheater component heat absorption ratio For 6%~7%, the high temperature superheater heat absorption than being 9.5%~10.5%, the low temperature superheater heat absorption than for 9.0%~ 10.5%.
5. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The high temperature superheater is cold including two Duan Yuyi hot arc, the hot arc is described between cold section positioned at two, and in the previous cold section of stream between the hot arc Two level water spraying structure is provided with road, the saturated vapor after low temperature superheater heats is introduced into the wherein one cold section of heating, Then the saturated vapor after heating is cooled again using the two level water spraying structure, the saturated vapor after cooling enters successively Enter the hot arc and another described cold section is continued to be heated to be superheated steam.
6. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Through the overheat unit heat generation Superheated steam is introduced into a steam header, then is imported by the steam header in the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine.
7. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In being provided with convection tube in the body of heater Screen, the aqueous as derived from the drum are divided into two-way, are heated to be steam water interface wherein entering all the way in the water-cooling wall, another Road, which enters in the convection current tube panel, is heated to be steam water interface, and the steam water interface generated imports and vapour is carried out in the drum Water separates.
8. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bypass economizer and the low temperature Reheater is arranged side by side, and is separated between the two by superheater partition wall, and the saturated vapor heated through the roof tube is divided into four tunnels, Wherein two-way enters in enclosure wall tube and heated, and the saturated vapor after heating, which enters in the overheat unit, to be continued to heat；Other two-way Heated in into the superheater partition wall, and the saturated vapor after heating also continues to heat into described overheat in unit.
9. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Into the sky of the burning Indoor Combustion Gas is introduced into air preheater, and the air preheater uses air of the flue gas to entrance caused by low-heat value gas combustion Preheated.
10. low-heat value gas electricity-generating method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：After the main economizer heating Aqueous cleans the drum by a branch road.
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