CN106637968B - A kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106637968B CN106637968B CN201710005134.6A CN201710005134A CN106637968B CN 106637968 B CN106637968 B CN 106637968B CN 201710005134 A CN201710005134 A CN 201710005134A CN 106637968 B CN106637968 B CN 106637968B
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
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- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, preparation method and applications.The preparation method includes: to provide natural plant fibre substrate, and physical modification is carried out to it, to form hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane on the surface of natural plant fibre substrate, modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent is obtained, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane has multi-stage nano microstructure.The physical modification includes smashing and grinding, mashing, dry, first time dipping and impregnates for second.Preparation method of the invention is simple and easy to do, raw material sources are wide and is natural products, at low cost, obtained oil absorbent has that high hydrophobic strongly lipophilic, oil absorbency is high, the rate of adsorption is fast, oil-water selectivity is good, is easy to transport and store, the features such as buoyancy is good, it is high to protect oil cut rate and biodegradability is good, it can be used for petroleum, organic solvent leakage, the processing of food waste grease etc., and adsorbent absorption front and back can keep afloat, convenient for recycling and post-processing, secondary pollution will not be caused to environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil absorbents, and in particular to a kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, preparation method with
Using belong to oil absorbent is synthetically prepared technical field.
Background technique
In recent years, marine oil spill event and highway pipeline oil leak event frequency had generation, and from food production, meal
The oil pollution for drinking industry, petrochemical industry and oil exploitation etc. is also extremely serious, these oily substances are to increasingly fragile ecology
It is extremely strong with the destructiveness of environment, as biodegradable poor ability, delay will cause serious crude oil for a long time in the natural environment
Water pollution and soil pollution.How handling these pollutions will be a big problem that we currently need to solve.Currently, many
Method is already used to cleaning oil pollution region, such as mechanical extraction, situ combustion, chemical degradation.It is using oil absorption material
A kind of method of efficient, convenient, safe processing oil leak, and one of processing most common method of oil leak event at present.Oil suction
Material can not only make oil pollutant be converted into solid-state or semisolid by liquid, convenient for the processing of subsequent conventional method, and
Oil spilling can be absorbed as much as possible, Resource recovery while reducing environmental hazard.
Common oil absorption material is largely divided into three categories on the market, that is, organic oil absorption material for naturally occurring passes through chemistry
The organic oil absorption material and inorganic mineral material of synthesis.Wherein inorganic mineral material includes clay, diatomite, graphite, perlite
With silica etc., they the advantages of be at a low price, safety, but their oil absorptions are few, transportation cost is high, have water imbibition, volume
Greatly and non-combustible abandoning.Current practice most often organic synthesis material, compared with other kinds of material, it
Advantage includes: that oleophilic function is strong, absorption property is good, and floating performance with higher.But its major defect is biological can not to drop
Solution or biodegrade are at high cost, and regeneration effect is poor.Organic natural oil absorption material relies primarily on the gap of material itself, passes through
Fiber surface and capillary theory absorb oil, it various in style, such as straw, corn ear, wood fibre, peat bog, kapok, ocean
Fiber crops and bark etc. are all applied in oil spilling reparation as Treatment adsorbent, and the oil absorbency of wherein most material is all than having
The oil absorbency of machine synthetic resin is high, and these natural adsorbents have it is from a wealth of sources, economical and practical, nontoxic, can biology
The many merits such as degradation.But due to containing a large amount of hydroxyl in cellulose, this kind of generally existing buoyancy of material is poor, oil suction
It also absorbs water simultaneously, be easy the disadvantages of making moist or is rotten, which greatly limits their applications.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbents and preparation method thereof, to overcome
Deficiency in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
For realization aforementioned invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation methods of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent comprising:
Natural plant fibre substrate is provided；
Physical modification, at least the surface shape in the natural plant fibre substrate are carried out to the natural plant fibre substrate
At hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool are obtained
There is multi-stage nano microstructure.
One of preferably, the physical modification includes at least the smashing and grinding successively carried out, mashing, does
Dry, first time dipping and for the second time dipping and etc..
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbents comprising natural plant fibre substrate
And it is formed in the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane of the natural plant fibre substrate surface, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool
There is multi-stage nano microstructure, the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent is 11.6~16.7g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
The embodiment of the invention provides aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbents in water body purification or greasy dirt absorption
Purposes, further, the purposes include: that marine, river basin and the oil slick pollution processing of water body in lake surface, part oil product are enriched with
Industrial sewage purification, organic solvent and life food waste grease are handled, traffic greasy dirt adsorbs etc..
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of oil absorption materials, and it includes the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbents.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of Oil sucking devices, and it includes the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent or suctions
Light wood material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that
1. the preparation method of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent provided by the invention, it is simple and easy to do, raw material sources are wide, at
This is cheap, environmentally protective, and no matter fiber, solvent or maceration extract are entirely to select natural products fiber and natural products, day
Right plant fiber is renewable resource, environmentally protective, and there is good biological degradability to have without secondary pollution without toxic
Evil organic synthesis compound, 100% can be filled or be regenerated with the later period, by physics (smashing and grinding, mashing, drying and impregnation etc.)
Means are oriented modification, to prepare a series of natural plant fibre oil absorbents with more excellent oil absorbency；
2. the preparation method of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent provided by the invention has used double-steeping, use not
With the natural surfactant of molecular weight, the multistage, multi-level of " big-in-small " can be constructed in the fiber surface of oil absorbent
Nanocrystailine microstructures, concretely, dipping is constructed biggish in multilevel structure by the natural products of high molecular weight for the first time
Structure, and the smaller microstructure exactly constructed by the natural products of low molecular weight in multilevel structure is impregnated for the second time,
It can be improved specific surface area than single-steeping method, be conducive to oil absorption raising；And this method has used for reference mashing technology for natural fibre
Dimension carries out feather plucking, fiber fines (wire-dividing broom purification) are also beneficial to improve the specific surface area on oil absorption material surface；
3. the obtained modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent of the present invention has height compared with traditional inorganic, organic adsorbent
Hydrophobic strongly lipophilic, oil absorbency are big, the rate of adsorption is fast, oil-water selectivity is good, be easy to transport and store, buoyancy is good, it is high to protect oil cut rate
And green non-poisonous and biodegradability it is good many advantages, such as, oil absorbing effect passes through up to ten times or more of own wt
Oil body can be separated with oil absorbent and can be used repeatedly by the mode of squeezing, and operating cost is cheap, economic and environment-friendly；
4. the obtained modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent of the present invention can be widely applied to marine, river basin and water body in lake surface
Oil slick pollution processing, the industrial sewage purification of part oil product enrichment, toxic organic solvent leakage and life food waste grease processing,
The greasy dirt on also adsorbable traffic, ground etc., and the adsorbent specific gravity is low, and absorption front and back can keep afloat, and adsorb
After can consolidate and swim in the water surface, convenient for recycling and post-processing, secondary pollution will not be caused to environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is the SEM figure of natural plant fibre before modified；
Fig. 1 b is the SEM figure through the modified natural plant fibre of an exemplary embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b is the schematic diagram of oil sample to be clean；
Fig. 2 c- Fig. 2 d is modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent made from an exemplary embodiments of the invention to petroleum to be clean
The schematic diagram that petroleum in sample is adsorbed；
Fig. 2 e- Fig. 2 f be the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent absorption made from the of the invention exemplary embodiments after stone
The process schematic of oil samples；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of corn oil samples to be clean；
Fig. 3 c- Fig. 3 d is modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent made from an exemplary embodiments of the invention to corn to be clean
The process schematic that corn oil in oil samples is adsorbed；
Fig. 3 e- Fig. 3 f be the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent absorption made from the of the invention exemplary embodiments after jade
The schematic diagram of rice bran oil sample.
Specific embodiment
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, in order to avoid causing secondary pollution, inventor's warp in oil spilling governance process
It studies for a long period of time and largely practices, be able to propose technical solution of the present invention, be mainly to natural, good biocompatibility, easily
Organic natural plant material of biodegrade and low cost carries out physics (smashing and grinding, mashing, drying and impregnation) modified, system
Standby efficient out, cheap oil spilling administers material, hydrophobic and lipophilic by reinforcing fiber or increase the porosity and ratio of material
Surface area, makes it have the features such as high oil absorption rate and low water absorbable, further reaches the standard of application request.It as follows will be right
The technical solution, its implementation process and principle etc. are further explained.
The one aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, packet
It includes:
Natural plant fibre substrate is provided；
Physical modification, at least the surface shape in the natural plant fibre substrate are carried out to the natural plant fibre substrate
At hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool are obtained
There is multi-stage nano microstructure.
One of preferably, the physical modification includes at least the smashing and grinding successively carried out, mashing, does
Dry, first time dipping and for the second time dipping and etc..
Among some more typical embodiments of the invention, the preparation side of the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent
Method may include steps of:
(1) it smashes and grinds: one or more natural plant fibres being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, respectively with 50
The sieve of~150 mesh is screened, and it is spare to obtain natural plant fibre A.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of above-mentioned natural plant fibre A, hot water mixing is added, assists
Fiber profit rises, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 2~10wt%, and beating time is 10~120min, obtains natural
Plant fiber pulp B.
(3) dry: by natural plant fibre slurry B, dry 8~40h takes out sealing, obtains to constant weight at 50~150 DEG C
Natural plant fibre C is spare.
(4) impregnate for the first time: by the natural polymeric surface active agent of 1~10 parts by weight, (high molecular weight, Mw are about
200000~1000000Da) it is added in 100~500 parts of water, it carries out 30~150min of uniformly mixed stirring and is allowed to sufficiently molten
Solution.Natural plant fibre C is immersed in 30~90min in mixed solution, taking-up extracts residual moisture and in 60~180 DEG C of baking ovens
It is dried in vacuo 4~20h, the natural plant fibre D after being impregnated is spare.
(5) impregnate for second: by the natural polymeric surface active agent of 5~30 parts by weight, (low molecular weight, Mw are about
15000~50000Da) it is added in 100~500 parts of water, it carries out 20~100min of uniformly mixed stirring and is allowed to sufficiently dissolve.
Natural plant fibre D is immersed in 1~5h in the mixed solution, residual moisture and the vacuum in 60~180 DEG C of baking ovens are extracted in taking-up
Dry 4~20h, the natural plant fibre oil absorbent being finally modified.
In some preferred embodiment, the natural plant fibre substrate includes straw, rice straw, cornstalk, rotted leaf
In soil, cattail wool fiber, peat bog, Paulownia elongata leaf, lignin, Chinese medicine slag, wood powder, cotton stalk, coco bran, mestha any one or
Two or more combinations, and it is without being limited thereto.
In some preferred embodiment, the natural polymeric surface active agent include sodium alginate, cellulose nitrate,
Cellulose ethanoate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose xanthate, methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose
Element, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, gelatin, albumen, milk casein
In any one or two or more combinations, and it is without being limited thereto.
Further, the dosage of the natural polymeric surface active agent is 10~50wt% of maceration extract.
Wherein, dipping and the natural polymeric surface active agent used in dipping for the second time can be same object for the first time
Matter is also possible to different material, and only molecular weight is different.
Method of modifying double-steeping of the invention, has used the natural surfactant of different molecular weight, Ke Yi
Multistage, the multi-level nanocrystailine microstructures of the fiber surface building " big-in-small " of oil absorbent concretely impregnate for the first time
Biggish structure in multilevel structure is constructed by the natural products of high molecular weight, and impregnating for the second time is exactly to pass through low molecular weight
Natural products can be improved specific surface area than single-steeping method come the smaller microstructure constructed in multilevel structure, be conducive to
Oil absorption improves；And this method has used for reference mashing technology and has also had natural fiber progress feather plucking, fiber fines (wire-dividing broom purification)
Conducive to the specific surface area for improving oil absorption material surface.
The embodiment of the present invention another aspect provides a kind of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbents comprising it is natural to plant
Fibres substrate and the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane for being formed in the natural plant fibre substrate surface, the hydrophobicity are natural
Polymeric membrane has multi-stage nano microstructure.The natural plant fibre oil absorbent has good hydrophobic oleophilic oil, high suction
Attached property, the rate of adsorption are fast, oil-water selectivity is good, be easy to transport and store, it is lighter than water density, protect oil cut rate it is high, it is reusable with
And biodegradability it is good the features such as.
Verifying the embodiment of the invention also provides the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent for the oil absorbent of oil spilling
As a result, the i.e. described modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent is up to 11.6~16.7g/g as absorbability of the oil absorbent to oil spilling.
The other side of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent in water body purification
Or the purposes in greasy dirt absorption, further, the purposes include: marine, river basin and water body in lake surface oil slick pollution processing,
Industrial sewage purification, organic solvent and the life food waste grease of part oil product enrichment are handled, traffic greasy dirt adsorbs etc..
For example, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of oil absorption materials, and it includes the modifications among an application scheme
Natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
Among another application scheme, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of Oil sucking devices, and it includes the modified days
Right plant fiber oil absorbent or oil absorption material.
In particular, the regional area of the Oil sucking device is by the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent or oil absorption material group
At alternatively, at least one element in the Oil sucking device is by the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent or oil absorption material group
At.
Below by way of several embodiments and in conjunction with the attached drawing technical solution that present invention be described in more detail.However, selected
Embodiment be merely to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) it smashes and grinds: natural straw fibrinogen 100g being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, with the sieve of 50 mesh
It is screened, it is spare to obtain natural straw fibrinogen 95g.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of the natural straw fibrinogen of 95g, the heat of 1000mL is added
Water mixing helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 8.7%, beating time 60min obtains day
Right straw fibrinogen slurry.
(3) dry: by natural straw fibrinogen slurry, dry 12h takes out sealing, obtains natural wheat to constant weight at 105 DEG C
Bar fibrinogen 80g is spare.
(4) it impregnates for the first time: the sodium alginate (high molecular weight 500000Da) of 5g is added in 200mL parts of water,
Uniformly mixed stirring 40min is carried out to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Natural straw fibrinogen 80g is immersed in 30min in mixed solution, is taken out
It extracts, is dried in vacuo 10h under 120 DEG C of baking ovens, the straw fiber 83g for obtaining single-steeping is spare.
(5) it impregnates for second: the sodium alginate (low molecular weight 30000Da) of 10g is added in the water of 200mL, into
Row is uniformly mixed stirring 50min and is allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Straw fiber 83g after single-steeping is immersed in 1h in mixed solution, is taken
It extracts out, is dried in vacuo 10h under 120 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain modified natural straw fiber oil absorbent, measure the straw of the modification
Fiber oil absorbent is 11.6g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 2
(1) it smashes and grinds: natural corn bar fibrinogen 100g being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, with the sieve of 80 mesh
Son is screened, and it is spare to obtain natural corn bar fibrinogen 90g.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of the natural corn bar fibrinogen of 90g, the heat of 900mL is added
Water mixing helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 9%, beating time 90min, obtains natural
Cornstalk fibrinogen slurry.
(3) dry: by natural corn bar fibrinogen slurry, dry 18h takes out sealing, obtains natural to constant weight at 125 DEG C
Cornstalk fibrinogen 80g is spare.
(4) it impregnates for the first time: the methylcellulose (high molecular weight 200000Da) of 5g is added to 300mL parts of water
In, it carries out uniformly mixed stirring 60min and is allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Natural corn bar fibrinogen 80g is immersed in mixed solution
60min, taking-up are extracted, and are dried in vacuo 15h under 100 DEG C of baking ovens, and the cornstalk fiber 82g for obtaining single-steeping is spare.
(5) it impregnates for second: the methylcellulose (low molecular weight 15000Da) of 10g is added in the water of 200mL,
Uniformly mixed stirring 60min is carried out to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Cornstalk fiber 82g after single-steeping is immersed in mixed solution
3h, taking-up are extracted, and are dried in vacuo 8h under 150 DEG C of baking ovens, are obtained modified natural corn rod fibers oil absorbent, are measured the modification
Cornstalk fibers oil absorbent be 12.5g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 3
(1) it smashes and grinds: natural leaf mould fibrinogen 100g being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, with the sieve of 100 mesh
Son is screened, and it is spare to obtain natural leaf mould fibrinogen 85g.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of the natural leaf mould fibrinogen of 85g, be added 1000mL's
Hot water mixing helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 7.8%, beating time 60min is obtained
Natural leaf mould fibrinogen slurry.
(3) dry: natural leaf mould fibrinogen slurry is dry for 24 hours to constant weight at 150 DEG C, and taking-up sealing obtains natural
Leaf mould fibrinogen 75g is spare.
(4) it impregnates for the first time: the gelatin (high molecular weight 800000Da) of 10g is added in 300mL parts of water, carry out
Stirring 80min is uniformly mixed to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Natural leaf mould fibrinogen 75g is immersed in 90min in mixed solution, takes out and squeezes
It is dry, it is dried in vacuo 5h under 170 DEG C of baking ovens, the leaf mould fiber 80g for obtaining single-steeping is spare.
(5) it impregnates for second: the gelatin (low molecular weight 25000Da) of 20g being added in the water of 400mL, is mixed
Uniform stirring 100min is closed to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Leaf mould fiber 80g after single-steeping is immersed in 4h in mixed solution, is taken out
It extracts, is dried in vacuo 5h under 170 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain modified natural leaf mould fiber oil absorbent, measure the rotted leaf of the modification
Native fiber oil absorbent is 16.7g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 4
(1) it smashes and grinds: natural coco bran fibrinogen 100g being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, with the sieve of 150 mesh
It is screened, it is spare to obtain natural coco bran fibrinogen 80g.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of the natural coco bran fibrinogen of 80g, the heat of 1200mL is added
Water mixing helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 6.3%, beating time 120min obtains day
Right coco bran fibrinogen slurry.
(3) dry: by natural coco bran fibrinogen slurry, dry 30h takes out sealing, obtains natural coco bran to constant weight at 80 DEG C
Fibrinogen 70g is spare.
(4) it impregnates for the first time: the albumen (high molecular weight 200000Da) of 10g is added in 500mL parts of water, carry out
Stirring 100min is uniformly mixed to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Natural coco bran fibrinogen 70g is immersed in 60min in mixed solution, takes out and squeezes
It is dry, it is dried in vacuo 10h under 120 DEG C of baking ovens, the coco bran fiber 75g for obtaining single-steeping is spare.
(5) it impregnates for second: the albumen (low molecular weight 15000Da) of 15g being added in the water of 300mL, is mixed
Uniform stirring 60min is closed to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Coco bran fiber 75g after single-steeping is immersed in 2h in mixed solution, takes out and squeezes
It is dry, it is dried in vacuo 8h under 150 DEG C of baking ovens, modified natural coco bran fiber oil absorbent is obtained, measures the coco bran fiber of the modification
Oil absorbent is 15.9g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 5
(1) it smashes and grinds: natural cotton stalk fibrinogen 100g being placed on and ground, crushed at room temperature, with the sieve of 120 mesh
It is screened, it is spare to obtain natural cotton stalk fibrinogen 80g.
(2) it is beaten: using the plant fiber oven dry stock made of the natural cotton stalk fibrinogen of 80g, the heat of 1500mL is added
Water mixing helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 5%, beating time 90min, obtains natural
Cotton stalk fibrinogen slurry.
(3) dry: natural cotton stalk fibrinogen slurry is dry for 24 hours to constant weight at 130 DEG C, sealing is taken out, natural cotton is obtained
Bar fibrinogen 70g is spare.
(4) it impregnates for the first time: the milk casein (high molecular weight 500000Da) of 8g is added in 400mL parts of water,
Uniformly mixed stirring 80min is carried out to be allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Natural cotton stalk fibrinogen 70g is immersed in 90min in mixed solution, is taken out
It extracts, is dried in vacuo 5h under 170 DEG C of baking ovens, the cotton stalk fiber 76g for obtaining single-steeping is spare.
(5) it impregnates for second: the milk casein (low molecular weight 25000Da) of 30g is added in the water of 500mL, into
Row is uniformly mixed stirring 80min and is allowed to sufficiently dissolve.Cotton stalk fiber 76g after single-steeping is immersed in 5h in mixed solution, is taken
It extracts out, is dried in vacuo 15h under 100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtain modified natural cotton stalk fiber oil absorbent, measure the cotton stalk of the modification
Fiber oil absorbent is 13.4g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Fig. 1 a is the SEM figure of natural plant fibre before modified, and Fig. 1 b is through the modified natural plants of the embodiment of the present invention
The SEM of fiber schemes.In Figure 1b, the fiber surface after being modified covers layer of substance, improves the oleophylic ability on its surface.
Since this is one layer of hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, so it will increase the hydrophobic oleophilic oil of fiber.For effective oil absorbent
For, its surface be it is highly important, it can influence the oil-retaining of oil absorbent, to cause the change of oil body adsorption capacity
Change.Hydrophobicity natural polymer film surface in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively improve the lipophilicity of fiber surface, improve oil
Adhesive force of the body on fiber, this is beneficial to oil body and the firm combination of oil absorbent, to obtain higher oil absorption capacity.
The detection method of the oil absorbency of the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent obtained for the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
The oily substance (one or more of petroleum, corn oil, diesel oil, gasoline or toluene) of 10mL is poured into and contains 80mL
In the beaker of water, more glasss of grease layered systems are prepared in the two layering, repetition, the modification oil absorbent that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained
It pours into beaker, 5~30min of oil suction, observation and record oil absorbing effect.
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 f, Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 f are the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent absorption that the embodiment of the present invention obtains respectively
The procedure chart of petroleum and corn oil, wherein Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b, Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 b are the schematic diagram before absorption, Fig. 2 c- Fig. 2 d, figure
3c- Fig. 3 d is the schematic diagram in absorption, and Fig. 2 e- Fig. 2 f, Fig. 3 e- Fig. 3 f are the schematic diagram after absorption.It is seen that
Modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent does not absorb moisture to oily substance oil absorbency with higher, has good
Oil-water selectivity, the water after oil suction clarifies very much.
It should be appreciated that the technical concepts and features of above-described embodiment only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with this
The personage of item technology cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence according to the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, characterized by comprising:
Natural plant fibre substrate is provided；
Physical modification is carried out to the natural plant fibre substrate, is at least formed on the surface of the natural plant fibre substrate thin
Waterborne nature polymeric membrane, obtains the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, and the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane has more
Grade nanocrystailine microstructures；
The physical modification includes at least the smashing and grinding successively carried out, mashing, drying, for the first time dipping and second of dipping step
Suddenly；
Wherein, the first time dipping includes at least:
First natural polymeric surface active agent of 1~10 parts by weight is added in 100~500 parts of water, stirring 30~
150min is uniformly mixed, the first maceration extract is obtained, wherein the weight average molecular weight of first natural polymeric surface active agent is
200000~1000000Da；
Natural plant fibre after drying is placed in the first maceration extract 30 ~ 90min of dipping, after taking-up at 60 ~ 180 DEG C vacuum
Dry 4~20h, the natural plant fibre after obtaining single-steeping；
Second of dipping includes at least:
Second natural polymeric surface active agent of 5~30 parts by weight is added in 100~500 parts of water, stirring 20~
100min is uniformly mixed, the second maceration extract is obtained, wherein the weight average molecular weight of second natural polymeric surface active agent is
15000~50000Da；
Natural plant fibre after the single-steeping is placed in 1 ~ 5h of dipping in the second maceration extract, after taking-up at 60 ~ 180 DEG C
It is dried in vacuo 4~20h, obtains modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smashing and grinding includes at least: will be described natural
Plant fibre base material is ground at room temperature, is crushed, and is screened with the screening plant of 50 ~ 150 mesh, is naturally planted respectively
Fibres particle.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the mashing includes at least: by the natural plants
Plant fiber oven dry stock is made in fiber grain, and hot water mixing is added, and is beaten under conditions of controlling slurry concentration and being 2~10wt%,
Beating time is 10~120min, obtains natural plant fibre slurry.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the drying includes at least: by the natural plants
Fiber pulp dry 8~40h, natural plant fibre after being dried at 50~150 DEG C.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the natural plant fibre substrate includes straw, water
Rice straw, cornstalk, leaf mould, cattail wool fiber, peat bog, Paulownia elongata leaf, Chinese medicine slag, wood powder, cotton stalk, coco bran, in mestha
Any one or two or more combinations；
And/or first natural polymeric surface active agent and/or the second natural polymeric surface active agent include alginic acid
Sodium, cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethanoate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose xanthate, methylcellulose, carboxymethyl
It is cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, bright
Glue, albumen, any one or two or more combinations in milk casein；
And/or the dosage of first natural polymeric surface active agent is 10~50wt% of the first maceration extract；
And/or the dosage of second natural polymeric surface active agent is 10~50wt% of the second maceration extract.
6. the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent prepared by any one of claim 1-5 the method, it is characterised in that packet
It includes natural plant fibre substrate and is formed in the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane of the natural plant fibre substrate surface, it is described to dredge
Waterborne nature polymeric membrane has multi-stage nano microstructure, absorption energy of the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent to oil spilling
Power is 11.6~16.7g/g.
7. purposes of the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent as claimed in claim 6 in water body purification or greasy dirt absorption.
8. a kind of oil absorption material, it is characterised in that include modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent as claimed in claim 6.
9. a kind of Oil sucking device, it is characterised in that include modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent as claimed in claim 6.
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| CN110314657A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-10-11 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of biology based oil-absorption material and its application |
| CN111254703A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 母超航 | Preparation method and application of modified natural plant fiber velvet |
| CN111661978B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-08-01 | 浙江美福石油化工有限责任公司 | High-oil-content wastewater treatment process |
| CN112870766A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 领智科技技术(广州)有限责任公司 | Safe and pollution-free efficient organic absorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113429019A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 | Method for purifying and removing oil from industrial waste water containing rare earth |
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| GB2248766A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1992-04-22 | Tero Tech Limited | Spillage absorption |
| JPH04265194A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-09-21 | Pioneer Cone Corp | Oil adsorptive material and its production |
| CN1101927A (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-04-26 | 铃木总业株式会社 | Oil absorber |
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