CN106637968A - Modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent and preparation and application methods thereof - Google Patents
Modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent and preparation and application methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106637968A CN106637968A CN201710005134.6A CN201710005134A CN106637968A CN 106637968 A CN106637968 A CN 106637968A CN 201710005134 A CN201710005134 A CN 201710005134A CN 106637968 A CN106637968 A CN 106637968A
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/13—Alginic acid or derivatives thereof
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent and preparation and application methods thereof. The preparation method comprises providing a natural plant fiber substrate, and then performing physical modification on the natural plant fiber substrate to form a hydrophobic natural high-polymer membrane on the surface of the natural plant fiber substrate and further to obtain the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent, wherein the hydrophobic natural high-polymer membrane is in a hierarchical nano microstructure. The physical modification comprises crushing grinding, pulping, drying, first impregnating and second impregnating. The preparation method of the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent is simple and easy to operate, wide in source of raw materials which are all natural products, and low in cost; the obtained modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent has the advantages of being high in hydrophobicity, lipophilicity and oil absorption rate and velocity, good in oil and water selectivity, easy to convey and store, good in buoyancy, high in oil retention rate, good in biodegradability and the like, and can be applied to treatment on leakage of petroleum and organic solvent, kitchen oily dirt and the like. Meanwhile, the modified natural plant fiber oil absorbent can keep afloat before and after absorption, thereby being convenient to recover and postprocess and avoiding secondary pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil absorbent, and in particular to a kind of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, its preparation method with
Using belonging to the synthetically prepared technical field of oil absorbent.
Background technology
In recent years, marine oil spill event and highway pipeline oil leak event frequency had generation, and came from food production, meal
The oil pollution of drink industry, petrochemical industry and oil exploitation etc. is also extremely serious, and these oily substances are to increasingly fragile ecology
Destructive extremely strong with environment, such as crude oil biodegradable poor ability in natural environment, being detained long-time can cause serious
Water pollution and soil pollution.How processing these pollutions will be the big problem that we are currently needed for solving.At present, it is many
Method is already used to clear up oil pollution region, such as mechanical extraction, situ combustion, chemical degradation.It is using oil absorption material
A kind of method of efficient, convenient, safe process oil leak, is also to process one of oil leak event most common method at present.Oil suction
Material can not only make oil pollutant be converted into solid-state or semisolid by liquid, be easy to the process of follow-up conventional method, and
Oil spilling can be as much as possible absorbed, Resource recovery while environmental hazard is reduced.
On the market common oil absorption material is largely divided into three major types, that is, organic oil absorption material for naturally occurring, by chemistry
Organic oil absorption material and inorganic mineral material of synthesis.Wherein inorganic mineral material includes clay, kieselguhr, graphite, perlite
With silicon dioxide etc., their advantage be at a low price, safety, but their oil absorptions are few, cost of transportation is high, with water absorption, volume
Greatly and non-combustible abandon.Current practice most often organic synthesiss material, compared with other kinds of material, it
Advantage includes：Oleophilic function is strong, absorption property is good, and with higher floating performance.But its major defect is biological to drop
Solution or biodegradation high cost, and regeneration effect is poor.Organic natural oil absorption material relies primarily on the space of material itself, passes through
Fiber surface and capillary theory absorb oil, its various in style, such as straw, corncob, wood fibre, peat bog, kapok, ocean
Fiber crops and bark etc. are all applied in oil spilling reparation as Treatment adsorbent, and the oil absorbency of wherein most material is all than having
The oil absorbency of machine synthetic resin is high, and these natural adsorbents have wide material sources, it is economical and practical, nontoxic, can be biological
The many merits such as degraded.But, due to containing substantial amounts of hydroxyl in cellulose, this kind of material generally existing buoyancy is poor, oil suction
The shortcomings of also absorbing water simultaneously, easily make moist or rot, which greatly limits their application.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at a kind of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent and preparation method thereof is provided, to overcome
Deficiency of the prior art.
A further object of the present invention is the purposes for providing aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
To realize aforementioned invention purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention includes：
A kind of preparation method of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent is embodiments provided, it includes：
Natural plant fibre base material is provided；
Physical modification is carried out to the natural plant fibre base material, at least in the surface shape of the natural plant fibre base material
Into hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool are obtained
There is multi-stage nano microstructure.
One of preferably, the physical modification at least includes the attrition grinding for carrying out successively, beating, does
Dry, first time dipping and second impregnating step.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, and it includes natural plant fibre base material
And it is formed at the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane of the natural plant fibre substrate surface, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool
There is multi-stage nano microstructure, the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent is 11.6～16.7g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiments provide aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent in water body purification or greasy dirt absorption in
Purposes, further, the purposes includes：Marine, river basin and the oil slick pollution process of water body in lake surface, part oil product are enriched with
Industrial sewage purification, organic solvent and life food waste oils and fatss are processed, traffic greasy dirt adsorbs etc..
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of oil absorption material, and it includes the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of Oil sucking device, and it includes the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent or suction
Light wood material.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention includes：
1. the preparation method of modified natural Plant fiber's oil absorbent that the present invention is provided, simple and easy to do, raw material sources are wide, into
This cheap, environmental protection, no matter fiber, solvent or impregnation liquid are entirely from natural product fiber and natural product, day
So Plant fiber is Renewable resource, and environmental protection, with good biological degradability, without secondary pollution, has without poisonous
Evil organic synthesiss compound, 100% can be filled with the later stage or be regenerated, through physics (attrition grinding, beating, drying and impregnation etc.)
Means be oriented it is modified, so as to prepare a series of natural plant fibre oil absorbents with more excellent oil absorbency；
2. the preparation method of modified natural Plant fiber's oil absorbent that the present invention is provided has used double-steeping, has used not
With the natural surfactant of molecular weight, the multistage, multi-level of " big-in-little " can be built in the fiber surface of oil absorbent
Nanocrystailine microstructures, concretely, for the first time dipping by the natural product of high molecular to build multilevel hierarchy in it is larger
Structure, and impregnate for the second time exactly by the natural product of low-molecular-weight to build multilevel hierarchy in less microstructure,
Than single-steeping method can increasing specific surface area, be conducive to oil absorption to improve；And the method has used for reference beating technology by natural fibre
Dimension carries out hacking, fiber fines (wire-dividing broom purification) and is also beneficial to improve the specific surface area on oil absorption material surface；
3. the present invention obtains modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent compared with traditional inorganic, organic adsorbent, possesses height
Hydrophobic strongly lipophilic, oil absorbency are big, the rate of adsorption is fast, oil-water selectivity is good, be easy to transport and store, buoyancy is good, it is high to protect oil cut rate
And green non-poisonous and biodegradability it is good many advantages, such as, its oil absorbing effect passes through up to more than ten times of own wt
Oil body can be separated and can be used repeatedly by the mode of squeezing with oil absorbent, and operating cost is cheap, economic and environment-friendly；
4. the present invention obtains modified natural Plant fiber's oil absorbent and can be widely applied to sea, river basin and water body in lake surface
Oil slick pollution is processed, the industrial sewage purification of part oil product enrichment, and toxic organic solvent leakage and food waste oils and fatss of living are processed,
The greasy dirt on also adsorbable traffic, ground etc., and the adsorbent proportion is low, can keep afloat before and after absorption, and adsorb
After can consolidate and swim in the water surface, be easy to reclaim and post processing, secondary pollution will not be caused to environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are natural plant fibre SEM figures before modified；
Fig. 1 b are the SEM figures of the modified natural plant fibre of Jing one exemplary embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b are the schematic diagrams of oil sample to be clean；
Fig. 2 c- Fig. 2 d are modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbents obtained in an exemplary embodiments of the invention to oil to be clean
The schematic diagram that oil in sample is adsorbed；
Fig. 2 e- Fig. 2 f are the stone Jing after modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent absorption obtained in an exemplary embodiments of the invention
The process schematic of oil samples；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 b are the schematic diagrams of Semen Maydiss oil samples to be clean；
Fig. 3 c- Fig. 3 d are modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbents obtained in an exemplary embodiments of the invention to Semen Maydiss to be clean
The process schematic that Semen Maydis oil in oil samples is adsorbed；
Fig. 3 e- Fig. 3 f are the jade Jing after modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent absorption obtained in an exemplary embodiments of the invention
The schematic diagram of Miyou sample.
Specific embodiment
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, in order to avoid causing secondary pollution, inventor Jing in oil spilling governance process
Study for a long period of time and put into practice in a large number, be able to propose technical scheme, it is mainly to natural, good biocompatibility, easily
Organic natural plant material of biodegradation and low cost carries out physics (attrition grinding, beating, drying and impregnation) and is modified, system
Material is administered for efficient, cheap oil spilling is gone out, the porosity and ratio of and lipophile or increase material hydrophobic by reinforcing fiber
Surface area so as to the features such as possessing high oil absorption rate and low water absorbable, further up to the standard of application request.As follows will be right
The technical scheme, its implementation process and principle etc. are further explained.
The one side of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, its bag
Include：
Natural plant fibre base material is provided；
Physical modification is carried out to the natural plant fibre base material, at least in the surface shape of the natural plant fibre base material
Into hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane tool are obtained
There is multi-stage nano microstructure.
One of preferably, the physical modification at least includes the attrition grinding for carrying out successively, beating, does
Dry, first time dipping and second impregnating step.
Among some more typical embodiments of the present invention, the preparation side of the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent
Method may include steps of：
(1) attrition grinding：One or more natural plant fibre is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, respectively with 50
The sieve of～150 mesh is screened, and obtains natural plant fibre A standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock by made by above-mentioned natural plant fibre A, hot water mixing is added, assisted
Fiber profit rises, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 2～10wt%, and beating time is 10～120min, obtains natural
Plant fiber pulp B.
(3) it is dried：Natural plant fibre is starched into B 8～40h is dried at 50～150 DEG C to constant weight, take out sealing, obtained
Natural plant fibre C is standby.
(4) impregnate for the first time：By the natural polymeric surface active agent of 1～10 weight portion, (high molecular, Mw is about
200000～1000000Da) 100～500 parts of water is added to, carry out mix homogeneously and stir 30～150min to be allowed to fully molten
Solution.Natural plant fibre C is immersed in into 30～90min in mixed solution, taking-up extracts residual moisture and in 60～180 DEG C of baking ovens
4～20h of vacuum drying, the natural plant fibre D after being impregnated are standby.
(5) impregnate for second：By the natural polymeric surface active agent of 5～30 weight portions, (low-molecular-weight, Mw is about
15000～50000Da) 100～500 parts of water is added to, carry out mix homogeneously and stir 20～100min to be allowed to fully dissolving.
Natural plant fibre D is immersed in into 1～5h in the mixed solution, taking-up extracts residual moisture and the vacuum in 60～180 DEG C of baking ovens
4～20h is dried, final modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent is obtained.
In some preferred embodiment, the natural plant fibre base material includes straw, rice straw, corn stalk, rotted leaf
In soil, cattail wool fiber, peat bog, Paulownia elongata leaf, lignin, Chinese medicine slag, wood powder, cotton stalk, coconut palm chaff, mestha any one or
Two or more combinations, and not limited to this.
In some preferred embodiment, the natural polymeric surface active agent include sodium alginate, cellulose nitrate,
Cellulose ethanoate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose xanthate, methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose
Element, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, gelatin, the white of an egg, milk casein
In any one or two or more combinations, and not limited to this.
Further, the consumption of the natural polymeric surface active agent is 10～50wt% of impregnation liquid.
Wherein, the natural polymeric surface active agent that for the first time dipping is adopted in impregnating with second can be same thing
Matter, or different material, simply molecular weight is different.
The method of modifying double-steeping of the present invention, has used the natural surfactant of different molecular weight, Ke Yi
The fiber surface of oil absorbent builds multistage, the multi-level nanocrystailine microstructures of " big-in-little ", concretely, impregnates for the first time
By the natural product of high molecular to build multilevel hierarchy in larger structure, and it is exactly by low-molecular-weight to impregnate for the second time
Natural product to build multilevel hierarchy in less microstructure than single-steeping method can increasing specific surface area, be conducive to
Oil absorption is improved；And the method has used for reference beating technology natural fiber has been carried out into hacking, fiber fines (wire-dividing broom purification) and also had
Beneficial to the specific surface area for improving oil absorption material surface.
The embodiment of the present invention another aspect provides a kind of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, and it includes natural plant
Fibres base material and the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane of the natural plant fibre substrate surface is formed at, the hydrophobicity is natural
Polymeric membrane has multi-stage nano microstructure.The natural plant fibre oil absorbent possesses good hydrophobic oleophilic oil, high suction
Attached property, the rate of adsorption are fast, oil-water selectivity is good, be easy to transport and store, it is lighter than water density, protect oil cut rate it is high, it is repeatable using with
And biodegradability it is good the features such as.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent for the checking of the oil absorbent of oil spilling
As a result, i.e., described modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent is up to 11.6～16.7g/g as oil absorbent to the absorbability of oil spilling.
The other side of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides aforementioned modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent in water body purification
Or the purposes in greasy dirt absorption, further, the purposes includes：Sea, river basin and the oil slick pollution process of water body in lake surface,
Industrial sewage purification, organic solvent and the life food waste oils and fatss that part oil product is enriched with are processed, traffic greasy dirt adsorbs etc..
For example, among an application scheme, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of oil absorption material, and it includes described modified
Natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
Among Another Application scheme, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of Oil sucking device, and it includes the modified day
Right Plant fiber's oil absorbent or oil absorption material.
Particularly, the regional area of the Oil sucking device is by the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent or oil absorption material group
Into, or, at least one element in the Oil sucking device is by the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent or oil absorption material group
Into.
Below by way of some embodiments and combine accompanying drawing further describe technical scheme.However, selected
Embodiment be merely to illustrate the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) attrition grinding：Natural straw fibril 100g is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, with the sieve of 50 mesh
Screened, obtained natural straw fibril 95g standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock made by the natural straw fibril by 95g, the heat of 1000mL is added
Water mixes, and helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 8.7%, and beating time is 60min, obtains day
So straw fibril is starched.
(3) it is dried：Natural straw fibril slurry is dried into 12h to constant weight at 105 DEG C, sealing is taken out, natural wheat is obtained
Fibril 80g is standby for bar.
(4) impregnate for the first time：During the sodium alginate (high molecular is 500000Da) of 5g is added to into the water of 200mL parts,
Carry out mix homogeneously stirring 40min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Natural straw fibril 80g is immersed in into 30min in mixed solution, is taken out
Extract, under 120 DEG C of baking ovens 10h is vacuum dried, the straw fiber 83g for obtaining single-steeping is standby.
(5) impregnate for second：During the sodium alginate (low-molecular-weight is 30000Da) of 10g is added to into the water of 200mL, enter
Row mix homogeneously stirring 50min is allowed to fully dissolving.Straw fiber 83g after single-steeping is immersed in into 1h in mixed solution, is taken
Go out to extract, under 120 DEG C of baking ovens 10h is vacuum dried, obtain modified natural straw fiber oil absorbent, measure the modified straw
Fiber oil absorbent is 11.6g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 2
(1) attrition grinding：Natural corn bar fibril 100g is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, with the sieve of 80 mesh
Son is screened, and obtains natural corn bar fibril 90g standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock made by the natural corn bar fibril by 90g, the heat of 900mL is added
Water mixes, and helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 9%, and beating time is 90min, obtains natural
Corn stalk fibril is starched.
(3) it is dried：Natural corn bar fibril slurry is dried into 18h to constant weight at 125 DEG C, sealing is taken out, obtains natural
Fibril 80g is standby for corn stalk.
(4) impregnate for the first time：The methylcellulose (high molecular is 200000Da) of 5g is added to into the water of 300mL parts
In, carry out mix homogeneously stirring 60min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Natural corn bar fibril 80g is immersed in mixed solution
60min, taking-up is extracted, and under 100 DEG C of baking ovens 15h is vacuum dried, and the cornstalk fiber 82g for obtaining single-steeping is standby.
(5) impregnate for second：During the methylcellulose (low-molecular-weight is 15000Da) of 10g is added to into the water of 200mL,
Carry out mix homogeneously stirring 60min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Cornstalk fiber 82g after single-steeping is immersed in mixed solution
3h, taking-up is extracted, and under 150 DEG C of baking ovens 8h is vacuum dried, and obtains modified natural corn rod fibers oil absorbent, is measured this and is modified
Cornstalk fibers oil absorbent be 12.5g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 3
(1) attrition grinding：Natural leaf mould fibril 100g is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, with the sieve of 100 mesh
Son is screened, and obtains natural leaf mould fibril 85g standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock made by the natural leaf mould fibril by 85g, add 1000mL's
Hot water mixes, and helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 7.8%, and beating time is 60min, is obtained
Natural leaf mould fibril slurry.
(3) it is dried：Natural leaf mould fibril slurry is dried into 24h to constant weight at 150 DEG C, sealing is taken out, obtains natural
Fibril 75g is standby for leaf mould.
(4) impregnate for the first time：During the gelatin (high molecular is 800000Da) of 10g is added to into the water of 300mL parts, carry out
Mix homogeneously stirring 80min is allowed to fully dissolving.Natural leaf mould fibril 75g is immersed in into 90min in mixed solution, is taken out and is squeezed
It is dry, 5h is vacuum dried under 170 DEG C of baking ovens, the leaf mould fiber 80g for obtaining single-steeping is standby.
(5) impregnate for second：During the gelatin (low-molecular-weight is 25000Da) of 20g is added to into the water of 400mL, mixed
Close uniform stirring 100min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Leaf mould fiber 80g after single-steeping is immersed in into 4h in mixed solution, is taken out
Extract, under 170 DEG C of baking ovens 5h is vacuum dried, obtain modified natural leaf mould fiber oil absorbent, measure the modified rotted leaf
Native fiber oil absorbent is 16.7g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 4
(1) attrition grinding：Natural coconut palm chaff fibril 100g is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, with the sieve of 150 mesh
Screened, obtained natural coconut palm chaff fibril 80g standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock made by the natural coconut palm chaff fibril by 80g, the heat of 1200mL is added
Water mixes, and helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 6.3%, and beating time is 120min, obtains day
So coconut palm chaff fibril is starched.
(3) it is dried：Natural coconut palm chaff fibril slurry is dried into 30h to constant weight at 80 DEG C, sealing is taken out, natural coconut palm chaff is obtained
Fibril 70g is standby.
(4) impregnate for the first time：During the white of an egg (high molecular is 200000Da) of 10g is added to into the water of 500mL parts, carry out
Mix homogeneously stirring 100min is allowed to fully dissolving.Natural coconut palm chaff fibril 70g is immersed in into 60min in mixed solution, is taken out and is squeezed
It is dry, 10h is vacuum dried under 120 DEG C of baking ovens, the coconut palm chaff fiber 75g for obtaining single-steeping is standby.
(5) impregnate for second：During the white of an egg (low-molecular-weight is 15000Da) of 15g is added to into the water of 300mL, mixed
Close uniform stirring 60min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Coconut palm chaff fiber 75g after single-steeping is immersed in into 2h in mixed solution, is taken out and is squeezed
It is dry, 8h is vacuum dried under 150 DEG C of baking ovens, modified natural coconut palm chaff fiber oil absorbent is obtained, measure the modified coconut palm chaff fiber
Oil absorbent is 15.9g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Embodiment 5
(1) attrition grinding：Natural cotton stalk fibril 100g is put and is ground at room temperature, crushed, with the sieve of 120 mesh
Screened, obtained natural cotton stalk fibril 80g standby.
(2) it is beaten：Using Plant fiber's oven dry stock made by the natural cotton stalk fibril by 80g, the heat of 1500mL is added
Water mixes, and helps fiber profit to rise, and is beaten under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 5%, and beating time is 90min, obtains natural
Cotton stalk fibril is starched.
(3) it is dried：Natural cotton stalk fibril slurry is dried into 24h to constant weight at 130 DEG C, sealing is taken out, natural cotton is obtained
Fibril 70g is standby for bar.
(4) impregnate for the first time：During the milk casein (high molecular is 500000Da) of 8g is added to into the water of 400mL parts,
Carry out mix homogeneously stirring 80min and be allowed to fully dissolving.Natural cotton stalk fibril 70g is immersed in into 90min in mixed solution, is taken out
Extract, under 170 DEG C of baking ovens 5h is vacuum dried, the cotton stalk fiber 76g for obtaining single-steeping is standby.
(5) impregnate for second：During the milk casein (low-molecular-weight is 25000Da) of 30g is added to into the water of 500mL, enter
Row mix homogeneously stirring 80min is allowed to fully dissolving.Cotton stalk fiber 76g after single-steeping is immersed in into 5h in mixed solution, is taken
Go out to extract, under 100 DEG C of baking ovens 15h is vacuum dried, obtain modified natural cotton stalk fiber oil absorbent, measure the modified cotton stalk
Fiber oil absorbent is 13.4g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
Fig. 1 a are natural plant fibre SEM figures before modified, and Fig. 1 b are the modified natural plants of the Jing embodiment of the present invention
The SEM figures of fiber.In Figure 1b, the fiber surface after being modified covers layer of substance, improves the oleophylic ability on its surface.
Because this is one layer of hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane, so it can increase the hydrophobic oleophilic oil of fiber.For effective oil absorbent
For, its surface is highly important, and it can affect the oil-retaining of oil absorbent, so as to cause the change of oil body absorbability
Change.Hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane surface in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively improve the lipophile of fiber surface, improve oil
Adhesive force of the body on fiber, this is beneficial to, and oil body is firm with oil absorbent to be combined, so as to obtain higher oil absorption.
The detection method of the oil absorbency of the modified natural Plant fiber's oil absorbent obtained for the embodiment of the present invention is：
Pour the oily substance (one or more in oil, Semen Maydis oil, diesel oil, gasoline or toluene) of 10mL into Sheng 80mL
In the beaker of water, both are layered, and many glasss of profit layered systems are prepared in repetition, the modified oil absorbent that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained
In pouring beaker into, 5～30min of oil suction observes and records oil absorbing effect.
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 f, Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 f are respectively the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent absorption that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained
The procedure chart of oil and Semen Maydis oil, wherein Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b, Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 b be absorption before schematic diagram, Fig. 2 c- Fig. 2 d, figure
3c- Fig. 3 d are the schematic diagram in absorption, and Fig. 2 e- Fig. 2 f, Fig. 3 e- Fig. 3 f are the schematic diagram after absorption terminates.It is seen that
Modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent has higher oil absorbency to oily substance, and does not absorb moisture, with good
Oil-water selectivity, the water after oil suction clarifies very much.
It should be appreciated that above-described embodiment technology design only to illustrate the invention and feature, its object is to allow and are familiar with this
The personage of item technology will appreciate that present disclosure and implement according to this, can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.It is all
The equivalence changes made according to spirit of the invention or modification, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, it is characterised in that include：
Natural plant fibre base material is provided；
Physical modification is carried out to the natural plant fibre base material, at least forms thin on the surface of the natural plant fibre base material
Waterborne nature polymeric membrane, obtains the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, and the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane has many
Level nanocrystailine microstructures；
The physical modification at least includes attrition grinding, beating, for the first time drying, dipping and the second dipping step for carrying out successively
Suddenly.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the attrition grinding at least includes：Will be described natural
Plant fibre base material is ground at room temperature, crushes, and is screened with the screening plant of 50～150 mesh respectively, obtains natural
Plant fiber particle.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the beating at least includes：By the natural plants
Fiber grain makes Plant fiber's oven dry stock, adds hot water mixing, beats under conditions of slurry concentration is controlled for 2～10wt%
Slurry, beating time is 10～120min, obtains natural plant fibre slurry.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the drying at least includes：By the natural plants
Fiber pulp is dried 8～40h at 50～150 DEG C, obtains dried natural plant fibre.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the first time dipping at least includes：
First natural polymeric surface active agent of 1～10 weight portion is added in 100～500 parts of water, stirring 30～
150min, mix homogeneously obtains the first impregnation liquid, wherein the weight average molecular weight of first natural polymeric surface active agent is
200000～1000000Da；
The dried natural plant fibre is placed in into 30～90min of dipping in the first impregnation liquid, is taken out after 60～180 DEG C
4～20h of lower vacuum drying, obtains the natural plant fibre Jing after single-steeping.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that second dipping at least includes：
Second natural polymeric surface active agent of 5～30 weight portions is added in 100～500 parts of water, stirring 20～
100min, mix homogeneously obtains the second impregnation liquid, wherein the weight average molecular weight of second natural polymeric surface active agent is
15000～50000Da；
Natural plant fibre after the single-steeping is placed in into 1～5h of dipping in the second impregnation liquid, is taken out after 60～180 DEG C
4～20h of lower vacuum drying, obtains modified natural plant fibre oil absorbent.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The natural plant fibre base material includes straw, water
Rice straw, corn stalk, leaf mould, cattail wool fiber, peat bog, Paulownia elongata leaf, lignin, Chinese medicine slag, wood powder, cotton stalk, coconut palm chaff,
Any one in mestha or two or more combinations；
And/or, first natural polymeric surface active agent and/or the second natural polymeric surface active agent include alginic acid
Sodium, cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethanoate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose xanthate, methylcellulose, carboxymethyl
It is cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, bright
Any one in glue, the white of an egg, milk casein or two or more combinations；
And/or, the consumption of first natural polymeric surface active agent is 10～50wt% of the first impregnation liquid；
And/or, the consumption of second natural polymeric surface active agent is 10～50wt% of the second impregnation liquid.
8. a kind of modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent, it is characterised in that including natural plant fibre base material and be formed at the day
The hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane on right plant fibre base material surface, the hydrophobicity natural macromolecule membrane has multi-stage nano microcosmic
Structure, the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent is 11.6～16.7g/g to the absorbability of oil spilling.
9. the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent or claim 8 institute that prepared by the method by any one of claim 1-7
Purposes of the modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent stated in water body purification or greasy dirt absorption.
10. a kind of oil absorption material or Oil sucking device, it is characterised in that prepare comprising the method by any one of claim 1-7
Modified natural Plant fiber oil absorbent or claim 8 described in modified natural Plant fiber's oil absorbent.
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| CN107117784A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-01 | 韦卓林 | A kind of method of sewage disposal |
| CN108854161A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 长沙大山新材料有限公司 | A kind of naturally organic oil suction body and preparation method thereof |
| CN110314657A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-10-11 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of biology based oil-absorption material and its application |
| CN111254703A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-09 | 母超航 | Preparation method and application of modified natural plant fiber velvet |
| CN111661978A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 浙江美福石油化工有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly low-cost high-oil-content wastewater treatment process |
| CN112870766A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 领智科技技术(广州)有限责任公司 | Safe and pollution-free efficient organic absorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113429019A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 | Method for purifying and removing oil from industrial waste water containing rare earth |
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| CN113429019A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所 | Method for purifying and removing oil from industrial waste water containing rare earth |
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