CN106631659A - Steam cracking method - Google Patents
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- CN106631659A CN106631659A CN201510716141.8A CN201510716141A CN106631659A CN 106631659 A CN106631659 A CN 106631659A CN 201510716141 A CN201510716141 A CN 201510716141A CN 106631659 A CN106631659 A CN 106631659A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of chemical industry, and discloses a steam cracking method. The steam cracking method is implemented in a cracking furnace; the cracking furnace comprises a convection section and a radiation section, wherein the radiation section is internally and vertically provided with a radiation furnace tube row formed by a plurality of groups of one-way radiation furnace tubes; a bottom burner is arranged at the bottom of the radiation section. The method comprises the steps of vaporizing and preheating cracking feedstock in the convection section, and then enabling the cracking feedstock to enter the radiation section for carrying out cracking reaction, wherein the one-way radiation furnace tubes are reducing furnace tubes provided with twisted slice tubes, the bottom burner adopts oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas, and the heating capacity of the bottom burner for material in the radiation furnace tube row at least accounts for 60% of the total heating capacity. Therefore, the cracking method with ultrahigh selectivity is obtained; furthermore, the heat efficiency of the cracking furnace is effectively improved, the energy consumption of the cracking furnace is reduced, and the operation cycle of the cracking furnace is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical field, in particular it relates to a kind of steam cracking method.
Background technology
The low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene are the important foundation raw materials of petro chemical industry.At present,
The method of production low-carbon alkene is based on tube furnace cracking petroleum hydrocarbon vapor technique.According to statistics, in the world greatly
About 99% ethylene, more than 50% propylene and more than 90% butadiene pass through the technique productions.
The nucleus equipment of tube furnace cracking petroleum hydrocarbon vapor technique is tube cracking furnace (hereinafter referred to as " cracking
Stove "), cracking stock such as ethane, propane, Petroleum and hydrogenation tail oil is heated to height in pyrolysis furnace
Wen Shi, it may occur that carbochain fracture chemical reaction, generates low-carbon alkene such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene etc..
But, heat scission reaction process is sufficiently complex, in addition to purpose product low-carbon alkene, while it also occur that
The side reactions such as dehydrogenation, isomerization, cyclisation, overlapping and condensation, generate other by-products.Therefore, how
Control reaction condition, makes the class that purpose product low-carbon alkene in product is preferably at most that the field is studied always
Topic.
The result that studies for a long period of time both domestic and external shows that raw material hydro carbons is in high temperature, short residence time, low hydrocarbon partial pressure
Under conditions of to generate alkene be favourable.At the initial stage of reaction, from from the aspect of pressure drop, due to reaction
Conversion ratio is relatively low, and the increase of tube fluid volume is few, and the linear velocity of tube fluid also increases seldom, less
Caliber that pressure drop will not be caused to increase is too many, will not have a strong impact on average hydrocarbon partial pressure increases；From calorific intensity side
Face is seen, due to raw material steep temperature rise, absorbs amount of heat, it requires that calorific intensity is big, less caliber
Increase can specific surface area, so as to meet requirement；From in terms of coking trend, due to conversion ratio it is relatively low, it is secondary
Reaction can not still occur, and coking rate is relatively low, and less caliber is also allowed.In the later stage of reaction,
From from the aspect of pressure drop, as now conversion ratio is higher, the increase of tube fluid volume is more, meanwhile, stream
The linear velocity of body also steeply rises, and is relatively adapted to compared with Large Diameter Pipeline；From from the aspect of calorific intensity, due to conversion ratio
Higher, calorific intensity starts to reduce, and larger caliber is not significantly affected by heat-transfer effect；Become from coking
From the aspect of gesture, as conversion ratio is higher, secondary response is more, and coking rate increases, larger boiler tube pipe
Footpath ensure that boiler tube is unobstructed and be unlikely to cause too big pressure drop.In sum, it is however generally that, we
Can when cracking furnace pipe is designed cracking furnace pipe entrance (initial reaction stage) using less caliber,
The outlet of cracking furnace pipe is using larger caliber.
In order to realize the target of " high temperature, short residence time and low hydrocarbon partial pressure ", nearly all configuration it is new
Boiler tube employs the method for shortening pipe range, and pipe range is shortened to two by eight journeys 73m by such as lummus companies
Journey 25m or so；Pipe range is changed to two journeys 21m by quadruple pass 45m by SHIWEI company；KTI companies are by pipe range
Two journeys 23m are shortened to by quadruple pass 46m.With the shortening of pipe range, the time of staying also therewith by 0.5s with
On be reduced to 0.15～0.25s.The pipe range of boiler tube is even reduced to 12m up and down by KBR companies, during stop
Between be reduced to below 0.1s.
The pressure drop of material in boiler tube is also reduced while shortening pipe range, pressure drop is by original 0.15MPa
Left and right is reduced to 0.04MPa or lower.As hydrocarbon partial pressure declines, improve selectivity, but shorten pipe
Length also brings the not enough shortcoming of heat transfer area.
CN100338182C proposes a kind of pyrolysis furnace of boiler tube with one-way reducing diameter, and the pyrolysis furnace includes：Stove
Body, HP steam drum, convection section, boiler tube, burner, combustor and waste heat boiler, is characterized in that its list
Journey reducing boiler tube is vertical furnace tube, and the internal diameter of its port of export is more than the internal diameter of entrance point.
CN101062881B proposes a kind of ethane cracking furnace of novel configured single-stroke radiating furnace tube, and this splits
Solution stove equally includes HP steam drum, convection section, radiant coil, burner, radiant section and quenching boiler,
It is characterized in that the port of export internal diameter of the vertical reducing boiler tube of each one way more than arrival end internal diameter, multiple boiler tubes connect
Being connected on collecting tubule becomes a nest of boiler tube, and the collecting tubule in each nest of boiler tube is horizontally disposed
's.The patent is connected by the bending before reducing boiler tube middle setting bend loss and boiler tube entrance
Part, improves the thermal stress situation after boiler tube is heated, it is to avoid the bending of boiler tube.
CN10169012B proposes a kind of ethane cracking furnace of one-way radiating furnace tube, and the pyrolysis furnace includes
Radiant section, convection section, quenching boiler, collecting tubule and distribution pipe, one end of distribution pipe is connected to be located to be split
The collecting tubule of solution stove bottom, other end connection radiating furnace tube.Its goal of the invention is that volume utilizes stove to greatest extent
Tube space, reduces the physical dimension and floor space of pyrolysis furnace；The boiler tube of its adjacent sets is in symmetrical structure,
So that boiler tube is heated evenly, extend cycle of operation；As its radiating furnace tube is arranged in two rows in radiant section
Row, therefore which adopts bend pipe to connect, to mitigate crooking of the tubes degree.
How the focus of above-mentioned patent documentation all concentrate on one-way radiating furnace tube in pyrolysis furnace radiant section
Design and arrange to ensure that one-way radiating furnace tube is not distorted under burner hearth high temperature deformation, while can be
It is rapidly heated in the extremely short time of staying.That is, these patent documentations are only absorbed on boiler tube configuration
Improvement adapting to the high temperature and short residence time of pyrolysis furnace.
For one-way radiating furnace tube, due to the time of staying of the material in boiler tube it is very short, therefore generally, it is considered that
Material will be rapidly heated after into one-way radiating furnace tube, i.e. the calorific intensity of one-way radiating furnace tube intake section
It is larger, so can just make material be rapidly heated after into boiler tube, so can reduce one way spoke accordingly
The heating load and tube wall temperature of boiler tube back segment are penetrated, so as to reduce the coking of back segment, extends the operation of pyrolysis furnace
Cycle.Therefore, one-way radiating furnace tube is often big using the little port of export caliber of arrival end caliber in design
Design, so in arrival end, temperature of charge is low, and coking rate is slow, but the heat flux for needing is big, adopts
Pipe with small pipe diameter is designed with beneficial to diabatic process；In the port of export, temperature of charge is high, and coking rate is fast, boiler tube pressure
Drop is high, is conducive to the control of pressure drop using Large Diameter Pipeline.In the design of above-mentioned one-way radiating furnace tube, only
Boiler tube side is considered, without considering burner hearth side, that is to say, that the fuel gas in burner hearth is burned
The characteristics of journey is not considered to adapt to one-way radiating furnace tube well.
From in terms of the heat transfer angle of pyrolysis furnace, in the burner hearth of pyrolysis furnace, fuel gas (mainly methane and hydrogen)
Burning provides heat, and these heats enter boiler tube by radiant heat transfer and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection.Usual pyrolysis furnace is all
The heat needed for cracking reaction is provided using the mixed combustion of fuel gas and air.In general, burning
Reaction is that energetic encounter occurs and causes between flammable molecule and oxygen molecule in fuel, so the confession of oxygen
Combustion process is determined to situation.
Therefore, from the aspect of how designing two from hearth combustion and boiler tube, make the characteristic of hearth combustion with
Boiler tube design characteristicses match, and then have given play to respective sharpest edges, obtain one and have appropriate operation
Cycle, the new cleavage method that selectivity is high, the thermal efficiency is high, energy consumption is low also need to further develop and grind
Study carefully.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the combustion system bottom heat supply deficiency of one way boiler tube pyrolysis furnace, cigarette
Channel black degree is not high, with one-way radiating furnace tube mismatch and cause the cycle of operation in steam-cracking process it is short,
Selectivity is low, the thermal efficiency is low, the problem of high energy consumption, the invention provides a kind of steam cracking method.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of steam cracking method, the method is in pyrolysis furnace
Middle enforcement, the pyrolysis furnace include convection section and radiant section, are vertically arranged by multigroup in the radiant section
The radiating furnace tube bank of tubes of one-way radiating furnace tube composition, is disposed with base burning in the bottom of the radiant section
Device, the method include：Cracking stock is vaporized and is split into radiant section after preheating in convection section
Solution reaction, wherein, the one-way radiating furnace tube is the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, and the bottom
Portion's burner adopts oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion bottom burner is to the radiating furnace tube pipe
The heating load of the material in row at least accounts for the 60% of gross heat input.
Traditional pyrolysis furnace typically uses air as combustion-supporting gas, as content of oxygen in air only has
21%, most of is nitrogen, therefore in combustion, the burning velocity of fuel gas is slower, burning fire
Flame is longer, in the short transverse of cracking burner hearth, the curved distribution of fire box temperature, in burner hearth bottom heating load
Few, in the middle part of burner hearth, then heating load is most, and upper furnace heating load starts to reduce.For splitting for many journey boiler tubes
Solution stove, as its time of staying is longer, the contradiction between burner hearth heat supply and boiler tube heat absorption is not still projected, right
In one-way radiating furnace tube, this contradiction is just highlighted, and in the arrival end of boiler tube, material continues quick liter
Temperature, continues substantial amounts of heat, but the bottom heating load of conventional combustion systems is less；And in coil outlet
End, the coking rate of material sharply increases, and needs to control the generation of secondary response, but traditional combustion system
The middle and upper part heating load of system starts to reach maximum.That is, combustion system and one-way radiating furnace tube it
Between there is a problem of one matching.
And if in the burner of pyrolysis furnace, fired using the oxygen-enriched air higher than air oxygen concentration
Burn, for air burning, with more advantages：One be due to radiation heat transfer be pyrolysis furnace heat transfer
Major way, the characteristics of according to gas radiation, only three atomic gas and polyatomic gas have radiation
Ability, diatomic gas almost no radianting capacity, in the case that regular air is combustion-supporting, radiationless ability
Nitrogen proportion it is very high, the blackness of flue gas is very low, have impact on radiant heat transfer of the flue gas to boiler tube bank of tubes
Process.Using oxygenized air combustion supporting, because nitrogen content is few, air capacity and exhaust gas volumn are substantially reduced, therefore
Flame temperature and blackness are significantly improved with the increase of oxygen proportion in combustion air, and then improve flame
Radiant intensity and reinforcing radiant heat transfer；Two is to adopt oxygenized air combustion supporting, and burned flame shortens, burning
Intensity is improved, increased flame speeds, so will be helpful to combustion reaction completely, and that improves fuel uses effect
Rate, and then improve the thermal efficiency of pyrolysis furnace；Three is to adopt oxygenized air combustion supporting, can suitably reduce surplus
Air coefficient, reduces smoke evacuation volume, reduces the exhaust gas volumn after burning, and then reduces flue gas loss, promotes
The energy-conservation of pyrolysis furnace.
The present inventor it has been investigated that, by the bottom of the radiant section by tube cracking furnace is arranged in
Combustion bottom burner in combustion-supporting gas be changed to oxygen-enriched air, and cause combustion bottom burner to radiating furnace tube pipe
The heating load of the material in row at least accounts for the 60% of gross heat input, and the one-way radiating furnace tube be with
The reducing boiler tube of twisted slice tube, can be very good to solve the combustion system of one-way radiating furnace tube pyrolysis furnace to list
The bottom heat supply of stroke radiation furnace tube is not enough, flue gas blackness is not high, and the unmatched problem of one-way radiating furnace tube,
And can obtain superelevation when the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene being prepared using tube cracking furnace
Selectivity, so as to obtain a kind of cleavage method with very high selectivity, and while can also have
The thermal efficiency of effect raising pyrolysis furnace, reducing energy consumption, the cycle of operation for increasing pyrolysis furnace.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is, for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and to constitute the part of description, with
Detailed description below is used for explaining the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.
In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that steam cracking is carried out using the method for the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1st, blower fan 2, convection section
3rd, radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
4th, combustion system
5th, radiant section 6, quenching boiler
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of steam cracking method, the method can be implemented in pyrolysis furnace, described to split
Solution stove can include convection section and radiant section, can be vertically arranged by multigroup one way spoke in the radiant section
The radiating furnace tube bank of tubes of boiler tube composition is penetrated, combustion bottom burner can be disposed with the bottom of the radiant section,
The method includes：Cracking stock after convection section is vaporized and preheats is carried out cracking instead into radiant section
Should, wherein, the one-way radiating furnace tube is the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, and bottom combustion
Burner adopts oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion bottom burner is in the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
The heating load of material at least account for the 60% of gross heat input.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the cracking stock are not particularly limited, it is preferable that institute
It can be at least in ethane, propane, liquefied petroleum gas, Petroleum and hydrogenation tail oil to state cracking stock
Kind.
The preferably cracking stock of the invention is Petroleum.
Cracking stock is vaporized and is preheated laggard in convection section by steam cracking method of the invention
Entering radiant section carries out cracking reaction, wherein, cracking stock is in the horizontal stroke that the temperature that convection section is preheated is pyrolysis furnace
It is not particularly limited across temperature (XOT), can is the conventional selection of those skilled in the art, preferably
550-630 DEG C, the radiant section outlet temperature (COT) of pyrolysis furnace is not particularly limited, and can be ability
The conventional selection of field technique personnel, preferably 820-860 DEG C.
Steam cracking method of the invention, it is preferable that the combustion bottom burner is to the radiating furnace tube
The heating load of the material in bank of tubes accounts for the 60-90% of gross heat input, more preferably 70-85%；Wherein,
In the present invention, the term " gross heat input " refers to the combustion bottom burner to the radiating furnace tube pipe
The confession of the heating load of the material in row and the radiant wall burner to the material in the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
The summation of heat.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the pyrolysis furnace can also include HP steam drum, combustion system
And quenching boiler, wherein, the combustion system of pyrolysis furnace can be using including but not limited to methane or methane
Hydrogen mixture using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas, reduces nitrogen content, saves fuel as fuel.
Steam cracking method of the invention, in the oxygen-enriched air, the volume fraction of oxygen can be with
For 22%-60%, more preferably preferably 25%-40%, 27%-33%；Wherein, the oxygen-enriched air
Pressure-variable adsorption or membrane permeation method can be adopted to obtain.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the one-way radiating furnace tube can be with twisted slice tube
Reducing boiler tube, in the present invention it is possible to gradual change caliber is bored using boring machine, and makes the one-way radiating furnace
There is twisted sheet simultaneously in bore of the bore of the arrival end of pipe less than the port of export, the one-way radiating furnace tube
Shape.
Steam cracking method of the invention, it is preferable that the pipe of the port of export of the one-way radiating furnace tube
Internal diameter can be the preferably 1.1-1.4 more than 1 and less than or equal to 1.4 with the ratio of the bore of arrival end.
Wherein, " bore " refers to the diameter inside the mouth of pipe of one-way radiating furnace tube.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the bore of the port of export of the one-way radiating furnace tube can be with
For 35mm-65mm, preferably 45mm-60mm.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the bore of the arrival end of the one-way radiating furnace tube can be with
For 25mm-50mm, preferred 35mm-45mm.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the arrival end of boiler tube are connected with collecting tubule, and by literary mound
In or other distributors carry out evenly distributing for material；The port of export of boiler tube is connected with waste heat boiler
Connect.
Steam cracking method of the invention, it is preferable that may be used also in the tube chamber of the one-way radiating furnace tube
To be disposed with enhanced heat transfer component, it is beneficial to heat transfer.The enhanced heat transfer component is not particularly limited, can
Think the conventional selection of those skilled in the art, in the present invention, the enhanced heat transfer component can be selected from
Flight plug-in part, twisted strip plug-in part, intersect zigzag plug-in part, coil core plug-in part, around filigree
One or more in porous body and pellet base plug-in part；It is further preferred that radiating in the one way
Enhanced heat transfer component that is identical or differing can be disposed with the tube chamber of boiler tube；It is further preferred that
The enhanced heat transfer component for differing can be disposed with the tube chamber of the one-way radiating furnace tube.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the combustion bottom burner can be arranged in the radiating furnace tube
The both sides of bank of tubes；Preferably, side can also be disposed with the side wall of the radiant section of the tube cracking furnace
Wall burner, the radiant wall burner are arranged in the both sides of the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes；Thus, at this
In bright, the combustion system of pyrolysis furnace can only have combustion bottom burner or be burnt by combustion bottom burner and side wall
Device composition, combustion bottom burner and radiant wall burner are distributed in the both sides of radiating furnace tube bank of tubes in burner hearth, wherein,
Side burner also can divide multiple rows of being arranged symmetrically in the short transverse of boiler tube both sides.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the combustion bottom burner can be in the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
Both sides symmetric arrays, the radiant wall burner can be symmetrically arranged in the both sides of the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
Row.
Preferably, the combustion bottom burner and the radiant wall burner are each along the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
Symmetric arrays.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the bottom combustion corresponding with one-way radiating furnace tube per group described
The number of burner is 2-8, preferably 3-6.
Steam cracking method of the invention, when the tube cracking furnace also has radiant wall burner,
The number of the radiant wall burner corresponding with one-way radiating furnace tube per group described can be 2-16,
Preferably 4-10.
Steam cracking method of the invention, the combustion bottom burner and the radiant wall burner can be with
Using but be not limited to the mixture of methane or methane and hydrogen as fuel.
Hereinafter will be described the present invention by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment to be indicated that and carry out steam cracking using the method for the present invention.
Cracking reaction is carried out using the steam cracking schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, detailed process includes：
The method is implemented in the pyrolysis furnace including blower fan 1 and quenching boiler 6, and it is right that the pyrolysis furnace includes
Stream section 2 and radiant section 5, by 60 DEG C of Petroleum after convection section 2 is vaporized and preheats into by
The radiating furnace tube bank of tubes 3 of three groups of one-way radiating furnace tube compositions carries out cracking reaction, wherein, Petroleum is right
It is 590 DEG C across temperature (XOT) that the temperature of stream section preheating is pyrolysis furnace, and the radiant section of pyrolysis furnace goes out
Mouth temperature (COT) is 841 DEG C；
Wherein, the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes 3 being made up of three groups of one-way radiating furnace tubes is vertically arranged in radiant section,
And 12 combustion bottom burners are disposed with the bottom of the radiant section, in the side cloth of the radiant section
36 radiant wall burners are equipped with, the combustion system 4 of radiant section 5 is using combustion bottom burner and the burning of side wall
Device combination, heat supply of the combustion bottom burner to the material in radiating furnace tube bank of tubes account for gross heat input
80%；Using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas, and the oxygen concentration contained in the oxygen-enriched air is 30
Volume % (V/V)；
Wherein, radiant coil 3 adopts one way boiler tube, and the one-way radiating furnace tube is with twisted sheet
The reducing boiler tube of pipe, and the entrance caliber of boiler tube is 41mm, the outlet caliber of boiler tube is 53mm, stove
Pipe pipe range is 12.8m, and boiler tube adopts bottom in and top out；Then 6 selective collection of Jing quenching boilers cracking is produced
Thing.And in the tube chamber of the one-way radiating furnace tube, it is disposed with flight plug-in part.
Other technological parameters of pyrolysis furnace are as shown in table 1；
Learnt by being analyzed to pyrolysis furnace fuel gas, the composition of pyrolysis furnace fuel gas is as shown in table 2.
As a result as it can be seen from table 1 using after oxygen-enriched combusting, due to the nitrogen amount entrained by combustion oxygen
Reduce, the fuel gas consumption of pyrolysis furnace is reduced, from the 7050Nm of comparative example 13/ h is reduced to
6933Nm3/ h, fuel gas have saved about 1.66%；And by being used as combustion-supporting gas using oxygen-enriched air
Mutual of the combustion bottom burner of body and the one-way radiating furnace tube using the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube
Match somebody with somebody, superelevation can be obtained when the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene being prepared using tube cracking furnace
Selectivity.
Comparative example 1
Steam cracking is carried out according to method same as Example 1, except that, use air as
The oxygen concentration contained in combustion-supporting gas, and the air is 21 volumes % (V/V)；
Table 1
Table 2
| Component | Mol% |
| Hydrogen | 3.6 |
| Methane | 95.8 |
| Ethane | 0.23 |
| Propane | 0.08 |
| Other | 0.29 |
| It is total | 100.00 |
As a result as it can be seen from table 1 using after air burning, due to nitrogen entrained in combustion-supporting gas
Amount is high, and the fuel gas consumption of pyrolysis furnace increases；And not over using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas
Combustion bottom burner be mutually matched using the one-way radiating furnace tube of the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube,
The selectivity obtained when the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene are prepared using tube cracking furnace is low.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment to be indicated that and carry out steam cracking using the method for the present invention.
Steam cracking is carried out according to method same as Example 1, except that, combustion bottom burner pair
The heat supply of the material in radiating furnace tube bank of tubes accounts for the 70% of gross heat input；Using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas
The oxygen concentration contained in body, and the oxygen-enriched air is 27 volumes % (V/V)；
Wherein, radiant coil adopts one way boiler tube, and the one-way radiating furnace tube is with twisted slice tube
Reducing boiler tube, and the entrance caliber of boiler tube is 35mm, and the outlet caliber of boiler tube is 45mm, boiler tube
Pipe range is 12.8m, and boiler tube adopts bottom in and top out；Then Jing quenching boilers selective collection pyrolysis product.
Comparative example 2
Steam cracking is carried out according to method same as Example 2, except that, the one way radiation
Boiler tube is not the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, and the entrance caliber of boiler tube is with the outlet caliber of boiler tube
53mm；
As a result from table 3 it can be seen that due to not over using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas bottom
Burner is mutually matched with the one-way radiating furnace tube for adopting the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, using pipe
It is relatively low that formula pyrolysis furnace prepares the selectivity obtained during the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene.
Table 3
As a result from table 3 it can be seen that using after oxygen-enriched combusting, due to the nitrogen amount entrained by combustion oxygen
Reduce, the fuel gas consumption of pyrolysis furnace is reduced, from the 7050Nm of comparative example 23/ h is reduced to
6958Nm3/ h, fuel gas have saved about 1.31%；And by being used as combustion-supporting gas using oxygen-enriched air
Mutual of the combustion bottom burner of body and the one-way radiating furnace tube using the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube
Match somebody with somebody, superelevation can be obtained when the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene being prepared using tube cracking furnace
Selectivity.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment to be indicated that and carry out steam cracking using the method for the present invention.
Steam cracking is carried out according to method same as Example 1, except that, combustion bottom burner pair
The heat supply of the material in radiating furnace tube bank of tubes accounts for the 85% of gross heat input；Using oxygen-enriched air as combustion-supporting gas
The oxygen concentration contained in body, and the oxygen-enriched air is 33 volumes % (V/V)；
Wherein, radiant coil adopts one way boiler tube, and the one-way radiating furnace tube is with twisted slice tube
Reducing boiler tube, and the entrance caliber of boiler tube is 45mm, and the outlet caliber of boiler tube is 60mm, boiler tube
Pipe range is 12.8m, and boiler tube adopts bottom in and top out；Then Jing quenching boilers selective collection pyrolysis product.
Comparative example 3
Steam cracking is carried out according to method same as Example 3, except that, use air as
The oxygen concentration contained in combustion-supporting gas, and the air is 21 volumes % (V/V)；And the list
Stroke radiation furnace tube is not the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, and the entrance caliber of boiler tube is 45mm, stove
The outlet caliber of pipe is also 45mm；
As a result from table 4, it can be seen that due to not adopting oxygen-enriched air as the base burning of combustion-supporting gas
Device is mutually matched with the one-way radiating furnace tube using the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, is using tubular type
It is relatively low that pyrolysis furnace prepares the selectivity obtained during the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene.
Table 4
As a result from table 4, it can be seen that using after oxygen-enriched combusting, due to the nitrogen amount entrained by combustion oxygen
Reduce, the fuel gas consumption of pyrolysis furnace is reduced, from the 7050Nm of comparative example 33/ h is reduced to
6902Nm3/ h, fuel gas have saved about 2.09%；And by being used as combustion-supporting gas using oxygen-enriched air
Mutual of the combustion bottom burner of body and the one-way radiating furnace tube using the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube
Match somebody with somebody, superelevation can be obtained when the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene being prepared using tube cracking furnace
Selectivity.
Knowable to the data in above example 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 and table 1-4：The present invention's sends out
Combustion-supporting gas in combustion bottom burner of the person of good sense by the bottom of the radiant section by tube cracking furnace is arranged in
Oxygen-enriched air is changed to, and combustion bottom burner is at least accounted for the heating load of the material in radiating furnace tube bank of tubes
The 60% of gross heat input, and the one-way radiating furnace tube is the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, can be with
The combustion system of one-way radiating furnace tube pyrolysis furnace is solved well to the bottom heat supply of one-way radiating furnace tube not
Foot, flue gas blackness be not high, and the unmatched problem of one-way radiating furnace tube, and is using tube cracking furnace
The selectivity of superelevation can be obtained when preparing the low-carbon alkenes such as ethylene, propylene and butadiene, so as to obtain
A kind of cleavage method with very high selectivity, and while the thermal effect of pyrolysis furnace can also be effectively improved
Rate, reducing energy consumption, the cycle of operation for increasing pyrolysis furnace.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, but, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, can be to the technical side of the present invention
Case carries out various simple variants, and these simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Additionally, combination in any between a variety of embodiments of the present invention, can also be carried out, as long as its
Without prejudice to the thought of the present invention, which should equally be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of steam cracking method, the method are implemented in pyrolysis furnace, and the pyrolysis furnace includes convection current
Section and radiant section, are vertically arranged the radiating furnace tube being made up of multigroup one-way radiating furnace tube in the radiant section
Bank of tubes, is disposed with combustion bottom burner in the bottom of the radiant section, and the method includes：Cracking stock is existed
Convection section carries out cracking reaction into radiant section after being vaporized and preheating, it is characterised in that the one way
Radiating furnace tube is the reducing boiler tube with twisted slice tube, and the combustion bottom burner is using oxygen-enriched air work
For combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion bottom burner to the heating load of the material in the radiating furnace tube bank of tubes at least
Account for the 60% of gross heat input.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the combustion bottom burner is to the all-radiant furnace
The heating load of the material in pipe bank of tubes accounts for the 60-90% of gross heat input, preferably 70-85%.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, the oxygen contained in the oxygen-enriched air
Concentration is 22-60 volumes %, preferably 25-40 volumes %, more preferably 27-33 volumes %.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the port of export of the one-way radiating furnace tube
Bore is the preferably 1.1-1.4 more than 1 and less than or equal to 1.4 with the ratio of the bore of arrival end.
5. the method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein, the outlet of the one-way radiating furnace tube
The bore at end is 35mm-65mm, preferably 45mm-60mm；The one-way radiating furnace tube enters
The bore at mouth end is 25mm-50mm, preferably 35mm-45mm.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, cloth in the tube chamber of the one-way radiating furnace tube
It is equipped with enhanced heat transfer component；
Preferably, the enhanced heat transfer component is selected from flight plug-in part, twisted strip plug-in part, intersection sawtooth
Shape plug-in part, coil core plug-in part, the one kind or many in filigree porous body and pellet base plug-in part
Kind；
It is further preferred that reinforcing that is identical or differing is disposed with the tube chamber of the one-way radiating furnace tube
Heat transfer element.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in the radiation of the tube cracking furnace
Radiant wall burner is there also is provided on the side wall of section, the respective edge of the combustion bottom burner and the radiant wall burner
The radiating furnace tube bank of tubes symmetric arrays.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, it is relative with one-way radiating furnace tube per group described
The number of the combustion bottom burner answered is 2-8, preferably 3-6.
9. method according to claim 7, wherein, it is relative with one-way radiating furnace tube per group described
The number of the radiant wall burner answered is 2-16.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein, it is relative with one-way radiating furnace tube per group described
The number of the radiant wall burner answered is 4-10.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510716141.8A CN106631659B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Steam cracking method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510716141.8A CN106631659B (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Steam cracking method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109761273A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-17 | 北京拓首能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of oxygen heating furnace |
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| CN109761273A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-17 | 北京拓首能源科技股份有限公司 | A kind of oxygen heating furnace |
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| CN106631659B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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