CN106631122B - Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable bricks and preparation method thereof, using high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite, expanded perlite as raw material, it is fired by formula as below: high carbon content flyash 30% ~ 50%, clay 50% ~ 70%, silicon powder 0 ~ 5%, bauxite 0 ~ 5%；Expanded perlite 50% ~ 120%；The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite are mass percent, and four kinds of material qualities add up to 100%；The expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e. the expanded perlite volume percentage that accounts for high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite mixture volume.Water-permeable brick water permeability prepared by the present invention is good, and intensity is high, environmental protection and energy saving, suitable for the permeable pavement structure in Route for pedestrians, cell, square, parking lot etc. and road surface.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to permeable pavement Material Field, specially a kind of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick and its system
Preparation Method.Being suitable for pavement, square, cell road etc. by the sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick of this method preparation needs
Want permeable paving structure and road surface.
Background technique
Permeable pavement structure and road surface, which have, alleviates urban waterlogging, adjusts the function of city water resource and the ecosystem,
It is the important component of " sponge city " construction.Component units of the water-permeable brick as permeable pavement structure, water penetration are come
The water-permeable passage of the hole and its formation that are included derived from brick body.The porosity of water-permeable brick is higher, and water-permeable passage is abundanter, permeable
Performance is better.
Industrial solid castoff flyash is widely used in cement admixture, concrete admixture, fired fly ash brick.
But for high carbon content flyash (flyash of loss on ignition >=15%) due to phosphorus content height, loss on ignition is big, not can be used directly
In cement and concrete.In addition, high carbon content flyash is applied to ordinary sinter flyash brick, cause sintering time elongated, burns
Knot is difficult, and the problems such as evil mind, intensity is too low occurs in brick body, this limits the recycling of high carbon content flyash to a certain extent
Utilization efficiency.
But in terms of the production angle of water-permeable brick, carbon contained in high carbon content flyash can not only be used as fuel
It provides except a part of heat, additionally it is possible to provide pore structure abundant for water-permeable brick.Combustion oxidation generates CO to carbon at high temperature2
And CO, it is wrapped up with evolution of these gases in high-temperature sintering process or by the liquid phase generated in high-temperature sintering process,
A large amount of hole and bubble are formed in sintered article.Therefore, carbon contained in high carbon content flyash or a kind of natural
High-temperature foaming agent, and carbon content is higher, and the porosity of sintered article is higher.It therefore, is raw material using high carbon content flyash
Water-permeable brick is made, can lack can make permeable tile product have certain water suction, water conservation and permeable with or without applied foam agent
Property, while the production cost of water-permeable brick can also be reduced.
But high-temperature foaming agent is done using the carbon in high carbon content flyash, due to the liquid generated in adobe sintering process
Phase wrapping portion gas causes this part holes to close and can not be in communication with the outside, influences water-permeable brick water permeability.Expanded pearlite
Rock is manufactured a kind of granular porous material of glassy white after perlite ore high-temperature roasting expansion, in lower maturing temperature
It is lower that melting generation liquid phase occurs, and hole is left in its position.Therefore, expanded perlite can be used as the pore-creating of water-permeable brick
Agent, and adjust water-permeable brick pore structure by changing its particle size and gradation, the porosity of water-permeable brick is increased with this and lead to
Hole number.Further, since the main chemical compositions of expanded perlite are SiO2、Al2O3, so which increases the burnings of water-permeable brick
Knotting strength.
In order to promote the expanded perlite being added in water-permeable brick sufficiently to melt in sintering procedure and obtain optimal pore-creating
High carbon content flyash is wrapped in expanded perlite surface by effect, in roasting process in high carbon content flyash carbon burning
A big chunk heat can be provided, the fusing of accelerated expansion perlite has the effect of fluxing agent.Simultaneously because liquid phase in brick body
Increase the intensity that can be further improved water-permeable brick.
Patent application " utilizing the method for municipal sludge and wet-discharged coal ash production sintering brick permeable to water " (application number
200810106946.0) a kind of method using municipal sludge and wet-discharged coal ash production sintering brick permeable to water is disclosed.The patent
Application uses more organic matter pore creating material, such as rice husk, rice chaff, sawdust, spent pulping liquor, beer residue, during the sintering process
Organic material can discharge a large amount of flue gases, pollute environment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable bricks and preparation method thereof, and this method is abundant
Using the carbon in high carbon content flyash as high-temperature foaming agent, the fluxing agent of expanded perlite and fuel function, so that should
Water-permeable brick is with water permeability is good, intensity is high, energy-saving and environment-friendly outstanding feature.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick, with high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite, swollen
Swollen perlite is raw material, is fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 30% ~ 50%,
Clay 50% ~ 70%,
Silicon powder 0 ~ 5%,
Bauxite 0 ~ 5%；
Expanded perlite 50% ~ 120%；
In above-mentioned formula, the high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite are mass percent, four kinds of raw materials
Quality adds up to 100%；
The expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e. it is micro- to account for high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon for expanded perlite volume
The percentage of powder, bauxite mixture volume.
Wherein, the high carbon content flyash is the flyash of loss on ignition >=15%.
The clay can also be one of kaolin, bentonite, shale, magma soil.
5 mesh of particle size range ~ 200 mesh of the expanded perlite.
Above-mentioned sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick the preparation method is as follows:
(1), high carbon content flyash is mixed with clay, silicon powder, bauxite, uniformly rear plus water to be mixed stirs
It mixes, the dosage of water is the 10% ~ 20% of mixture total mass；
(2), expanded perlite is added in the mixture of step (1) acquisition by respective volume ratio, and stirred evenly；
(3), the mixture for obtaining step (2) is aged for 24 hours ~ 72h, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, briquetting pressure
15MPa ~ 30MPa obtains adobe；
(4), brick bat drying, it is 110 DEG C of drying temperature, dry to adobe residual moisture≤6%；
(5), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1000 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1h ~ 3h,
Then room temperature is naturally cooling in furnace.
Preferably, the expanded perlite that the expanded perlite can be wrapped up high carbon content flyash by appearance is replaced.
Appearance wrap up high carbon content flyash expanded perlite the preparation method is as follows:
Expanded perlite water spray is prewetted, expanded perlite is made to be in saturation but the not state of bleeding, it then will be high carbon containing
Amount flyash is uniformly mixed with the expanded perlite after prewetting, and wherein the dosage of high carbon content carbon dust coal ash is to prewet it
1.1 ~ 1.5 times of preceding expanded perlite quality, it is ensured that expanded perlite can be fully wrapped around by high carbon content flyash institute.
The usefulness of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick of the present invention and preparation method thereof is mainly manifested in following
Several respects:
The first, do not have to additional high-temperature foaming agent, directly using carbon contained in high carbon content flyash as high-temperature foaming agent,
The hole and bubble for making full use of carbon burning in sintering process, oxidation to generate, increase the porosity of water-permeable brick, improve water-permeable brick
Water suction, water conservation and water penetration, while reducing the production cost of water-permeable brick.
The second, expanded perlite is at low cost, easily obtains, adjusts water-permeable brick hole by changing its particle size and gradation
Structure can effectively increase the porosity and number of openings of water-permeable brick, improve the water permeability of water-permeable brick.
High carbon content flyash is wrapped in expanded perlite surface by third, in roasting process in flyash carbon burning
A big chunk heat can be provided, the pore structure and water-permeable passage of water-permeable brick, water-permeable brick are enriched in the fusing of accelerated expansion perlite
Water permeability greatly improves, simultaneously because the liquid phase that expanded perlite generates further improves the intensity of water-permeable brick.
4th, by the way that suitable silicon powder, bauxite is added, SiO in sintering brick permeable to water is adjusted2、Al2O3Chemical component
Ratio further improves the intensity, toughness and wearability of water-permeable brick.
The present invention has rational design, using high carbon content flyash and expanded perlite as main raw material(s), height is made full use of to contain
Fuel of the carbon contained in carbon amounts flyash as high-temperature foaming agent, the fluxing agent of expanded perlite and sintering procedure, passes through
The size and gradation of expanded perlite partial size adjust water-permeable brick pore structure, and the water-permeable brick water permeability of preparation is good, and intensity is high,
Environmental protection and energy saving, suitable for the permeable pavement structure in Route for pedestrians, cell, square, parking lot etc. and road surface.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick is fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 30%,
Clay 70%,
Silicon powder 0%,
Bauxite 0%,
The expanded perlite 50% of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay are mass percent, amount to 100%.
Expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e., expanded perlite volume accounts for high carbon content flyash, clay mixing Material
Long-pending percentage.
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1), water spray is carried out to the expanded perlite that partial size is 5 ~ 10 mesh to prewet, expanded perlite is made to be in saturation but do not secrete
Then the state of water is uniformly mixed high carbon content flyash with the expanded perlite after prewetting, wherein high carbon content
The dosage of carbon dust coal ash is 1.1 times of the expanded perlite quality before prewetting, it is ensured that expanded perlite can be by high carbon content
Flyash institute is fully wrapped around, obtains the expanded perlite of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
(2), according to mass percent high carbon content flyash 30%, clay 70% is mixed, uniformly rear plus water to be mixed
Stirring, the dosage of water are the 10% of mixture total mass；
(3), the expanded perlite of the appearance package high carbon content flyash obtained step (1) 50% is added by volume
In the mixture obtained to step (2), and stir evenly；
(4), the mixture ageing obtained step (3) for 24 hours, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, briquetting pressure
30MPa obtains adobe；
(5), adobe is dried, 110 DEG C of drying temperature, it is dry to adobe residual moisture≤6%；
(6), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1000 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1h, then in furnace certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
As be formulated above with sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick made from preparation method, coefficient of permeability >=1.3 ×
10-2Cm/s, tensile splitting strength >=3.0MPa, frost resistance, wearability and skid resistance are all satisfied current specifications requirement.
Note: in the present embodiment, step (1) be can be omitted, and the expanded perlite that partial size is 5 ~ 10 mesh is directly added to powder
In the mixture of coal ash and clay, other step parameters are identical, the sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick of preparation, permeable system
Number >=1.0 × 10-2Cm/s, tensile splitting strength >=3.0MPa, frost resistance, wearability and skid resistance are all satisfied current specifications and want
It asks.
Embodiment 2
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick is fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 50%,
Clay 50%,
Silicon powder 0%,
Bauxite 0%,
The expanded perlite 120% of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay are mass percent, amount to 100%.
Expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e., expanded perlite volume accounts for high carbon content flyash, clay mixing Material
Long-pending percentage.
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1), water spray is carried out for 150 mesh ~ 200 mesh expanded perlite to partial size to prewet, expanded perlite is made to be in saturation
But then the not state of bleeding is uniformly mixed high carbon content flyash with the expanded perlite after prewetting, wherein high
The dosage of phosphorus content carbon dust coal ash is 1.5 times of the expanded perlite quality before prewetting, it is ensured that expanded perlite can be high
Phosphorus content flyash institute is fully wrapped around, obtains the expanded perlite of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
(2), according to mass percent high carbon content flyash 50%, clay 50% is mixed, uniformly rear plus water to be mixed
Stirring, the dosage of water are the 20% of mixture total mass；
(3) expanded perlite for the package high carbon content flyash that step (1) obtains 120% is added to step by volume
Suddenly it in the mixture that (2) obtain, and stirs evenly；
(4), the mixture for obtaining step (3) is aged 72h, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, briquetting pressure
20MPa obtains adobe；
(5), adobe is dried, 110 DEG C of drying temperature, drying to adobe residual moisture is lower than 6%；
(6), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1050 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 2h, then in furnace certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
As be formulated above with sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick made from preparation method, coefficient of permeability >=1.5 ×
10-2Cm/s, tensile splitting strength >=3MPa, frost resistance, wearability and skid resistance are all satisfied current specifications requirement.
Embodiment 3
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick is fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 30%,
Clay 60%,
Silicon powder 5%,
Bauxite 5%,
The expanded perlite 80% of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite are mass percent, amount to 100%.
Expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e., it is micro- to account for high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon for expanded perlite stacking volume
The percentage of powder, bauxite mixture loosely-packed volume.
It is sintered high carbon content powder coal ash expanding perlite water-permeable brick preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1), it is (30 mesh ~ 40 mesh) to expanded perlite partial size volume ratio: (40 mesh ~ 60 mesh): (60 mesh ~ 120 mesh):
The expanded perlite of (120 mesh ~ 200 mesh)=10%:15%:20%:25%:15%:15% gradation carries out water spray and prewets, and makes expanded pearlite
Rock is in saturation but the not state of bleeding, is then uniformly mixed high carbon content flyash and the expanded perlite after prewetting
It closes, wherein the dosage of high carbon content carbon dust coal ash is 1.4 times of the expanded perlite quality before prewetting, it is ensured that expanded perlite
Can be fully wrapped around by high carbon content flyash institute, obtain the expanded perlite of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
(2), according to mass percent high carbon content flyash 30%, clay 60%, silicon powder 5%, bauxite 5% mixed
Close, it is to be mixed uniformly after add water and stir, the dosage of water is the 15% of mixture total mass；
(3), the expanded perlite for the package high carbon content flyash that step (1) obtains 80% is added to step by volume
Suddenly it in the mixture that (2) obtain, and stirs evenly；
(4), the mixture for obtaining step (3) is aged 36h, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, briquetting pressure
15MPa obtains adobe；
(5), adobe is dried, 110 DEG C of drying temperature, drying to adobe residual moisture is lower than 6%；
(6), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1100 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 2h, then in furnace certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
As be formulated above with sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick made from preparation method, coefficient of permeability >=2.5 ×
10-2Cm/s, tensile splitting strength >=3MPa, frost resistance, wearability and skid resistance are all satisfied current specifications requirement.
In the present embodiment, water-permeable brick pore structure is adjusted by changing expanded perlite particle size and gradation, effectively
The porosity and number of openings for increasing water-permeable brick, improve the water permeability of water-permeable brick.
Embodiment 4
Sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick is fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 35%,
Clay 60%,
Silicon powder 2.5%,
Bauxite 2.5%,
The expanded perlite 100% of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite are quality percentage, amount to 100%.
Expanded perlite is percent by volume, i.e., it is micro- to account for high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon for expanded perlite stacking volume
The percentage of powder, bauxite mixture loosely-packed volume.
It is sintered high carbon content powder coal ash expanding perlite water-permeable brick preparation method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1), to partial size be 30 mesh ~ 40 mesh expanded perlite carry out water spray prewet, make expanded perlite be in saturation but
Then the not state of bleeding is uniformly mixed high carbon content flyash with the expanded perlite after prewetting, wherein high contain
The dosage of carbon amounts carbon dust coal ash is 1.2 times of the expanded perlite quality before prewetting, it is ensured that expanded perlite can be contained by height
Carbon amounts flyash institute is fully wrapped around, obtains the expanded perlite of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
(2), according to mass percent high carbon content flyash 35%, clay 60%, silicon powder 2.5%, bauxite 2.5% into
Row mixing, it is to be mixed uniformly after add water and stir, the dosage of water is the 16% of mixture total mass；
(3), the expanded perlite for the package high carbon content flyash that step (1) obtains 100% is added to step by volume
Suddenly it in the mixture that (2) obtain, and stirs evenly；
(4), the mixture for obtaining step (3) is aged 36h, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, briquetting pressure
30MPa obtains adobe；
(5), adobe is dried, 110 DEG C of drying temperature, drying to adobe residual moisture is lower than 6%；
(6), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1080 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1.5h, then in furnace
It is naturally cooling to room temperature.
As be formulated above with sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick made from preparation method, coefficient of permeability >=2.0 ×
10-2Cm/s, tensile splitting strength >=3MPa, frost resistance, wearability and skid resistance are all satisfied current specifications requirement.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although ginseng
It is described in detail according to the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical solution of the present invention
It is modified or replaced equivalently, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, claim should all be covered
In protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick, it is characterised in that: with high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder,
Bauxite, expanded perlite are raw material, are fired by formula as below:
High carbon content flyash 35%,
Clay 60%,
Silicon powder 2.5%,
Bauxite 2.5%,
The expanded perlite 100% of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
The above-mentioned formula high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder, bauxite are mass percent, and four kinds of material qualities are total
It is calculated as 100%；
The expanded perlite be percent by volume, i.e., expanded perlite volume account for high carbon content flyash, clay, silicon powder,
The percentage of bauxite mixture volume；
The high carbon content flyash is the flyash of loss on ignition >=15%；
Be sintered high carbon content powder coal ash expanding perlite water-permeable brick the preparation method is as follows:
(1), water spray is carried out for 30 mesh ~ 40 mesh expanded perlite to partial size to prewet, expanded perlite is made to be in saturation but do not secrete
Then the state of water is uniformly mixed high carbon content flyash with the expanded perlite after prewetting, wherein high carbon content
The dosage of carbon dust coal ash is 1.2 times of the expanded perlite quality before prewetting, it is ensured that expanded perlite can be by high carbon content
Flyash institute is fully wrapped around, obtains the expanded perlite of appearance package high carbon content flyash；
(2), according to mass percent high carbon content flyash 35%, clay 60%, silicon powder 2.5%, bauxite 2.5% mixed
Close, it is to be mixed uniformly after add water and stir, the dosage of water is the 16% of mixture total mass；
(3), the expanded perlite for the package high carbon content flyash that step (1) obtains 100% is added to step by volume
(2) it in the mixture obtained, and stirs evenly；
(4), the mixture for obtaining step (3) is aged 36h, then presses predetermined size extrusion forming, and briquetting pressure 30MPa is obtained
Obtain adobe；
(5), adobe is dried, 110 DEG C of drying temperature, drying to adobe residual moisture is lower than 6%；
(6), the adobe after drying is entered kiln to be sintered, 1080 DEG C of sintering temperature, sintering time 1.5h, it is then natural in furnace
It is cooled to room temperature.
2. sintered coal ash expanded perlite water-permeable brick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the clay is by kaolinite
Soil, bentonite, shale or the replacement of magma soil.
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| CN107915473A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-04-17 | 李珠 | Sintered coal ash super light ceramisite and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108558366A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-09-21 | 中北大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency water-absorbing water conservation pulverized coal-ash-based porous material |
| CN108439952B (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2020-10-27 | 信阳师范学院 | High-strength water permeable brick with low-grade white mud and expanded perlite as main raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109553434A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-02 | 郑州德赛尔陶粒有限公司 | A kind of high-strength light haydites of book structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN110028334A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-19 | 广西大学 | A kind of ecology damping brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102040385A (en) * | 2009-10-24 | 2011-05-04 | 阮克胜 | Composite alkali-resistant refractory brick of pulverized fuel ash |
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