CN106630166B - Ecological restoration device and method for slow-flow water pollution - Google Patents
Ecological restoration device and method for slow-flow water pollution Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000241463 Cullen corylifolium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001558017 Gynura Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000035985 Body Odor Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010055000 Bromhidrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000195633 Dunaliella salina Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000700110 Myocastor coypus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000267222 Brasenia schreberi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006506 Brasenia schreberi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000207925 Leonurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological restoration device and method for slow-flow water body pollution, wherein the device comprises a fixed gap grid, a multistage ecological purification belt and a submerged plant planting area which are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream; wherein the lengths of the multistage ecological purification zones are different along with the different water flow speeds, and a movable aeration device is arranged in the middle of the grille. When in use, the grille can obstruct floaters; the water body after passing through the grating enters a mobile aeration system, and after full aeration, dissolved oxygen of the water body is increased to activate the water body and accelerate the precipitation and decomposition of suspended matters; then the water body enters multi-stage ecological purification zones with different lengths which are set according to the water flow speed; finally, the water body enters a submerged plant planting area. The method adopts a plurality of restoration technologies to be combined and used, the restoration technologies interact with each other to supplement each other, the ecological restoration effect on the slow-flowing water body is greatly improved, and the effect cannot be achieved by a single method; the multistage ecological purification belt is arranged, so that resources are saved, and ecological restoration is carried out according to local conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of water bodies, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration device and method for slow-flow water body pollution.
Background
The river and lake in China are numerous, and a large amount of pollutants enter the water body due to wastewater discharge, rain leaching flushing and atmospheric sedimentation, so that the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is far exceeded. Especially for the water body with low flow velocity, the autonomous maintenance capability of the aquatic ecosystem is weak. The chemical oxygen demand, suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in the polluted water body often seriously exceed the standard, and the ecological system of the water body is seriously influenced, so that the utilization of the water body is limited, and the polluted water body is extremely easy to accumulate and burst blue algae in a downdraft opening or a still water area, so that the aquatic ecological system is destructively destroyed.
Therefore, the treatment and restoration of polluted rivers are urgent requirements for social and economic development and ecological environment construction, and the current water treatment technology mainly comprises a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method or the comprehensive use of three methods. Engineering measures such as diversion, flushing, water diversion, artificial oxygenation and the like; materialization methods such as coagulating sedimentation and medicament algae killing; ecological methods such as planting higher aquatic plants.
The Chinese patent No. 102249419A discloses a combined restoration process system of various combination technologies of reclaimed water landscape river water, which adopts the optimized combination of ecological bank protection, aeration reoxygenation, wetland water treatment, plant restoration and aquatic animal restoration to restore the water pollution of the landscape river, and the optimized combination of the ecological restoration technologies achieves better ecological restoration effect and improves the river water quality. However, when river water flows through different positions, the pollution degree of the different positions is different due to different water flow rates, and the invention does not consider the factor. For example, when adopting the ecological technology of phytoremediation, the method of uniformly putting aquatic plants into the river channel is adopted, so that the resource waste at the position with light pollution degree is easy to be caused, and the position with serious pollution is not fully remedied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the primary technical problem of providing an ecological restoration device for slow-flow water pollution, which is provided with an ecological purification zone step by step according to different water flow speeds, aiming at the current state of the art.
The invention further aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ecological restoration method for slow-flow water pollution, which saves resources and is arranged step by step according to different water flow speeds.
The invention solves the above primary technical problems by adopting the technical proposal that: an ecological restoration device for slow-flow water body pollution comprises a fixed gap grid, a multistage ecological purification zone and a submerged plant planting area, wherein the fixed gap grid, the multistage ecological purification zone and the submerged plant planting area are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream; the multistage ecological purification belt has different lengths along with different water flow speeds, and a movable aeration device is arranged in the middle of the grille.
As a further improvement, the stages of the multistage ecological purification belt are separated by the purse net, and the purse net is fixed on the river channel lapel by the fixing piles, so that the purse net is stable in the water body, and the purple root water hyacinth is limited in the purse net.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the further technical problems is as follows: an ecological restoration method for slow-flow water pollution comprises the following steps:
(1) A grid with fixed gaps is arranged at the forefront end to block floaters.
(2) The water enters the mobile aeration system through the grid, and after full aeration, the dissolved oxygen of the water is increased, so that the water is activated, and the precipitation and decomposition of suspended matters are accelerated.
(3) Then the water enters a multistage ecological purification zone arranged according to the water flow speed, the transparency of the water is improved to a certain extent, and the growth condition of submerged plants is achieved.
(4) The water body after passing through the multistage ecological purification zone enters a submerged plant planting area.
As a further improvement, the plants of the multistage ecological purification zone are purple root water hyacinth. The 'mobile aeration system and the purple root water hyacinth' can reduce pollutants in the water body, inhibit the growth of algae, adsorb, decompose and filter suspended matters in the water body, thereby improving the transparency of the water body.
Compared with the common water hyacinth, the purple root water hyacinth has slower growth speed and small stem and leaf, but developed root system, the average length of the root system is 70cm-80cm, the purification efficiency of the water body is high, and the removal rate of suspended matters in the water body after reoxygenation can reach 70-80% after the water body stays in the water for about 12 hours; in addition, the purple root water hyacinth is a floating plant, is convenient to transplant, has strong adaptability, is simple to salvage and plant, and can not cause disturbance to water body during construction.
And (3) the multistage ecological purification belt is continuously arranged step by step from the downstream to the upstream, and after the water body passes through the final stage ecological purification belt to reach the growth condition of submerged plants, the final stage ecological purification belt moves to the most upstream as the first stage, and the aeration system and the grid move forwards, so that the multistage ecological purification belt is restored by step-by-step directional movement, the cost can be saved, and the ecological unbalance caused by the coverage of the purple root water hyacinth on the full water surface is avoided.
The submerged plant planting area in the step (4) comprises a primary configuration submerged plant planting area and an optimized configuration submerged plant planting area; after the final stage of the ecological purification belt is moved to the forefront stage as the first stage, the planting of the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants is continued at the blank position of the ecological purification belt, after the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants grows stably to form a certain self-cleaning capacity, the optimal configuration mode of the submerged plants is reseeded on the basis of the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants, and the process is circulated until the growth of the submerged plants is fully recovered in the whole treatment area, and all the ecological purification belt is fully removed.
The submerged plants can absorb nutrient substances in the water body, including nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, in the growth process, and plays a positive role in relieving the eutrophication of the water body.
And the plants in the primary submerged plant planting area are any combination of the bromhidrosis, the goldfish algae, the malaytea scurfpea vine and the dunaliella salina.
And then improving, wherein the plants in the optimal configuration submerged plant planting area are any combination of the micro-tooth gynura divaricata, the comb-tooth gynura divaricata, the waterweed, the yellow nutria and the bitter grass.
And the slow-flowing water body is a water body of a river, a ditch or a small lake or reservoir.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the invention adopts a plurality of restoration technologies to be combined and used, has reasonable design, and the restoration technologies interact with each other to supplement each other, thus greatly improving the ecological restoration effect on the slow-flowing water body, and the effect cannot be achieved by a single method; 2. according to the invention, ecological purification belts with different lengths are continuously arranged step by step from downstream to upstream according to different water flow speeds, so that resources are saved, and ecological restoration is carried out according to local conditions; 3. after the water body reaches the growth condition of submerged plants through the ecological purification belt of the last stage, the ecological purification belt of the last stage moves to the uppermost stream as the first stage, so that the water body is directionally moved and repaired step by step, the cost can be saved, and ecological unbalance caused by the fact that the water hyacinth is covered on the full water surface is avoided; 4. the existing water conservancy conditions of the natural slow-flowing water body are fully utilized, and the cost of ecological restoration of the water body is saved; 5. in-situ restoration, land saving, no use of any chemical additives and physical equipment, good flexibility, low cost and good water quality purifying effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides an ecological restoration device for slow-flowing water body pollution, which comprises a fixed gap grid 1, a multistage ecological purification belt 3 and a submerged plant planting area 4, wherein the fixed gap grid 1, the multistage ecological purification belt 3 and the submerged plant planting area 4 are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream; wherein, a movable aeration device is arranged in the middle of the grille 1, the lengths of the multistage ecological purification belts 3 are different along with the different water flow speeds, the multistage ecological purification belts 3 are separated by the purse net 5, and the purse net 5 is fixed on the river revetment 7 through the fixing piles 6, so that the purse net 5 is stable in the water body, and the purple root water hyacinth is limited in the purse net 5.
The invention also provides a method for using the ecological restoration device for slow-flow water body pollution, which comprises the following steps:
(1) A grill 1 with a fixed gap is provided at the forefront end to block floats.
(2) The water enters the mobile aeration system 2 through the grid 1, and after full aeration, the dissolved oxygen of the water is increased, so that the water is activated, and the precipitation and decomposition of suspended matters are accelerated.
(3) Then the water enters the multi-stage ecological purification zones 3 with different lengths which are arranged according to the water flow speed, the transparency of the water is improved to some extent, and the requirement of submerged plant growth is met.
(4) The water body after passing through the multistage ecological purification zone 3 enters a submerged plant planting area 4.
Wherein the plants of the multistage ecological purification zone 3 are purple-root water hyacinth, and the submerged plant planting area 4 comprises a primary submerged plant planting area and an optimal submerged plant planting area. The plants in the primary submerged plant planting area are any combination of the bromhidrosis, the goldfish algae, the malaytea scurfpea vine and the water shield grass, and the plants in the optimal submerged plant planting area are any combination of the micro-tooth malaytea scurfpea vine, the leonurus gracilis, the waterweed, the yellow nutriment algae and the bitter grass.
The water body enters the movable aeration system 2 through the grid 1, flows through the multistage ecological purification belt 3 after being fully aerated, and has improved transparency, so as to meet the requirement of submerged plant growth; at this time, the last stage of the ecological purification belt 3 is moved to the forefront end as the first stage, and the grid 1 and the movable aeration system 2 are moved forward; planting the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants at the downstream of the ecological purification zone 3, continuing to plant the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants at the blank position where the ecological purification zone is removed, and after the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants grows stably to form a certain self-cleaning capacity, reseeding the optimal configuration mode of the submerged plants on the basis of the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants, and repeating the steps until the growth of the submerged plants is fully recovered in the whole treatment area, and fully removing all the ecological purification zones 3.
The slow-flowing water body is the water body of a river, a ditch or a small lake or reservoir.
The ecological restoration device and the restoration method for the slow-flowing water body pollution are described below through specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments provided below and the numerical ranges disclosed below, and other technical schemes which can be logically deduced are all within the protection scope of the invention.
Example 1
An ecological restoration device for river slow-flowing water pollution comprises a grid 1 with a gap of 35mm, a multistage ecological purification belt 3 for planting purple root water hyacinth and a submerged plant planting area 4, wherein the grids are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream; wherein, a movable aeration device is arranged in the middle of the grille 1, the lengths of the multistage ecological purification belts 3 are different along with the different water flow speeds, the ecological purification belts 3 at all stages are separated by a purse net 5, and the purse net 5 is fixed on a river revetment 7 through a fixed pile 6.
An ecological restoration method for river slow-flowing water pollution comprises the following steps:
(1) A grid 1 with a gap of 35mm is arranged at the forefront end to block floaters;
(2) The water enters the mobile aeration system 2 through the grid 1, and after full aeration, the dissolved oxygen of the water is increased, so that the water is activated, and the precipitation and decomposition of suspended matters are accelerated.
(3) An ecological purification zone 3 is arranged in a river channel by utilizing the purple root water hyacinth, and the water body subjected to aeration and reoxygenation enters the multistage purple root water hyacinth ecological purification zone 3. This ecological purification area 3 is along with the difference of water velocity and length difference, in this embodiment, ecological purification area 3 sets up 10 grades, and the transparency improves to some extent after the water passes through ecological purification area 3, reaches the requirement of submerged plant growth, then moves ecological purification area 3 10 th grade to forefront as first grade, moves grid 1 and portable aeration system 2 forward.
(4) Planting a primary configuration mode of submerged plants at the downstream of the 10 th stage of the multistage ecological purification zone 3, continuously planting the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants at the blank of the removed 10 th stage, and after the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants grow stably to form a certain self-cleaning capacity, reseeding the optimal configuration mode of the submerged plants on the basis of the primary configuration mode of the submerged plants, and repeating the steps until the growth of the submerged vegetation is completely recovered in the whole treatment area, so that all the ecological purification zones 3 are completely removed.
The water body repaired by the method is lifted from inferior V-class water to IV-class water. The transparency of the ecological purification carried water body of the purple root water hyacinth reaches 83 centimeters, the submerged plants in the later stage are completely recovered, and the transparency reaches 110 centimeters; the ecological purification belt of the water hyacinth has the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen reaching 30 percent, the submerged plants are completely recovered, and the purification efficiency reaches 77 percent.
Claims (7)
1. An ecological restoration method for slow-flow water pollution adopts an ecological restoration device, and is characterized in that: the ecological restoration device comprises a fixed gap grid, a multi-stage ecological purification zone and a submerged plant planting area which are sequentially arranged from upstream to downstream; the multistage ecological purification belt has different lengths along with different water flow speeds, and a movable aeration device is arranged in the middle of the grille;
the ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) A grille with fixed gaps is arranged at the forefront end so as to block floaters;
(2) The water enters a mobile aeration system through a grid, and after full aeration, dissolved oxygen in the water is added to activate the water, so that the precipitation and decomposition of suspended matters are accelerated;
(3) Then the water enters multi-stage ecological purification zones with different lengths which are arranged according to the water flow speed, the transparency of the water is improved to meet the requirement of submerged plant growth;
(4) Finally, the water body enters a submerged plant planting area;
the multistage ecological purification zone in the step (3) adopts a mode of continuous arrangement step by step from downstream to upstream, and after the water body passes through the final stage ecological purification zone to reach the growth condition of submerged plants, the final stage ecological purification zone moves to the most upstream as a first stage, and the grid and the movable aeration system move forwards, so that the water body is restored by directional movement step by step.
2. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stages of the multistage ecological purification belt are separated by a purse net, and the purse net is fixed on a river channel lapel through a fixed pile.
3. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the plants of the multistage ecological purification zone are purple root water hyacinth.
4. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the submerged plant planting area in the step (4) comprises a primary configuration submerged plant planting area and an optimized configuration submerged plant planting area; after the final stage of the ecological purification belt is moved to the forefront stage as the first stage, the blank of the ecological purification belt is removed, the planting of the primary configuration submerged plant planting area is continued, after the primary configuration submerged plant planting area grows stably to form a certain self-cleaning capacity, the optimal configuration submerged plant planting area is reseeded on the basis of the primary configuration submerged plant planting area, and the process is circulated until the growth of submerged vegetation is fully recovered in the whole treatment area, and all the ecological purification belts are removed.
5. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the plants in the primary submerged plant planting area are any combination of the bromhidrosis, the goldfish algae, the malaytea scurfpea vine and the dunaliella salina.
6. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the plants in the optimal configuration submerged plant planting area are any combination of the micro-tooth gynura divaricata, the comb-tooth gynura divaricata, the waterweed, the yellow nutria and the bitter grass.
7. The ecological restoration method for slow-flow water body pollution according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the slow-flowing water body is a water body of a river, a ditch or a small lake or reservoir.
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| CN107515234B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-07-07 | 鲁东大学 | Device and method for measuring photosynthesis intensity of submerged plant |
| CN107720964A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-02-23 | 南京中科水治理股份有限公司 | A kind of black smelly river ecological remediation and treatment method |
| CN110066068A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-30 | 广东筑奥生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of city eutrophication river corridor restoration method |
| CN111423053A (en) * | 2020-03-15 | 2020-07-17 | 河海大学 | In-situ treatment method of river black and odorous water body based on modified plant tannin |
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| JP4075765B2 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2008-04-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | Separation apparatus, manufacturing method thereof, and analysis system |
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| US4278547A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1981-07-14 | Reid John H | Conservation of momentum in a barrier oxidation ditch |
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