CN106629701B - Closed graphitization production technology and graphitizing furnace - Google Patents
Closed graphitization production technology and graphitizing furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN106629701B CN106629701B CN201610913514.5A CN201610913514A CN106629701B CN 106629701 B CN106629701 B CN 106629701B CN 201610913514 A CN201610913514 A CN 201610913514A CN 106629701 B CN106629701 B CN 106629701B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of graphitization production technology and special furnace, mentioning is not a kind of enclosed graphitization production technology and close graphitizing furnace, and changing graphitization production craft step is shove charge, calcining, discharging.The graphitizing furnace includes the openable closed pressure-bearing kettle in one or both ends, air inlet pipe, exhaust pipe and safety valve are installed on pressure-bearing kettle, it is characterized in that being fixedly installed with horizontal guide rail in pressure-bearing kettle, pressure-bearing kettle both ends be equipped with pressure-bearing kettle it is closed, insulation electrode bus bars, one end of electrode bus bars is in pressure-bearing kettle, the other end is connected with power supply system, and movable hearth furnace tank car is in pressure-bearing kettle in graphitizing process.The technical program is the type of furnace combined using closed pressure-bearing kettle and packaged type furnace slot, can control pressure and reaction atmosphere in kettle in production, can effectively reduce the production cycle, reduces energy consumption and the pollution to environment, improves the utilization rate of pressure-bearing kettle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graphitization production technology and special furnace, it is not a kind of enclosed graphitization production technology and close for mentioning
Graphitizing furnace.
Background technique
The graphitization of graphite product is above two mainly using acheson furnace and cascade graphitizing furnaces at present
Graphitizing furnace respectively has feature, but since it in graphitization production process is produced using open normal pressure, on the one hand causes
Stove has a large amount of pernicious gas to escape during running, such as CO, CO2Deng operating environment is poor；In another aspect production process
The thermal efficiency only has 30% -35%, if more than 20% electric loss is counted again, the gross efficiency of energy utilization just only has 23% -
28%；Third, since graphitizing process is to carry out under normal pressure, the carbon atom lattice structure being graphitized in product can not artificially change
Become, while after the completion of graphitizing process in furnace charge natural cooling process, the unwanted volatile matter being largely precipitated can be cooled
Cheng Zhong is adsorbed on graphitization product surface, causes the ash content of graphitization product surface to rise, mechanical strength reduces.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address defects of the existing technology, and the anti-of graphitizing process can artificially be controlled by providing one kind
Atmosphere and pressure are answered, the closed graphitizing furnace that graphite product quality can be effectively improved, reduce environmental pollution in production process.
1. the technical scheme is that a kind of closed graphitization production technology, the processing step are as follows:
1) shove charge: after movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate both ends install graphite electrode furnace wall, two graphite electrode furnace walls it
Between one layer of upper berth of movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate silica granule will be needed then in one layer of silica granule upper berth metallurgical coke particles
Graphited carbon product is subsequently placed on metallurgical coke particles layer, then will be between carbon product and carbon product with graphite powder
After gap filling between two graphite electrode furnace walls is good, one layer of metallurgical coke is sequentially spread on needing graphited carbon blank
Particle and silica granule；
2) calcine: the movable hearth furnace tank car that filling is completed is pushed into closed graphitizing furnace, makes movable hearth furnace tank car two
The electrode bus bars connection of graphite electrode on the graphite electrode furnace wall at end and pressure-bearing kettle both ends, while by the cooling in electrode bus bars
Recirculated water inlet pipe, drain pipe on water jacket and pressure-bearing kettle are connected, and after closing the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends, are vacuumized discharge and are held
The air in kettle is pressed, after then injecting inert gas into pressure-bearing kettle, is initially powered up calcining；
3) discharging: after graphitization, the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends is opened, by movable hearth furnace tank car from pressure-bearing kettle
Interior pull-out carries out discharging, and will be spare after silica granule and metallurgical coke particles dressing sieve.
The granularity of above-mentioned silica granule is 2-10mm；The granularity of above-mentioned metallurgical coke particles is 12-30mm.
In above-mentioned calcining step, the specific embodiment of calcining of being powered is injected after inert gas into pressure-bearing kettle is: logical
When electricity calcining, when the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle reaches 0.3-0.7KP, the exhaust valve opened on pressure-bearing kettle makes the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle
Exhaust valve is closed after power to normal pressure, vacuumizes the negative pressure for making to keep 1KP or more in pressure-bearing kettle, and stops taking out after continuing 5-10 hours
Negative pressure keeps the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle to calcine 40-45 in the direct draught of 0.1-0.4MPa by the pressure-control valve on pressure-bearing kettle
It is powered off after hour；After the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle drops to normal pressure, nitrogen is injected into kettle, it will be after the reaction in pressure-bearing kettle with nitrogen
Gas displacement fall；After the temperature in pressure-bearing kettle to room temperature, open by the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends, by movable hearth furnace
Tank car is pulled out out of pressure-bearing kettle carries out discharging.
A kind of closed graphitizing furnace is installed on pressure-bearing kettle including the openable closed pressure-bearing kettle in one or both ends
There are air inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, pressure-control valve and safety valve, it is characterised in that it is fixedly installed with horizontal guide rail in pressure-bearing kettle,
Pressure-bearing kettle both ends be equipped with pressure-bearing kettle it is closed, insulation electrode bus bars, one end of electrode bus bars in pressure-bearing kettle, the other end with
Power supply system is connected, and movable hearth furnace tank car is in pressure-bearing kettle in graphitizing process；
Above-mentioned movable hearth furnace tank car is by car bottom plate, the idler wheel being fixedly mounted on car bottom plate, is mounted on car bottom plate
Column, the skirting being mounted between two columns and the graphite electrode furnace wall mounted in movable hearth furnace tank car both ends form, at vehicle bottom
Board ends are equipped with the bus connecting device to match with above-mentioned electrode bus bars.
Inlet pipe, drain pipe are installed at above-mentioned pressure-bearing kettle both ends.
The section of above-mentioned pressure-bearing kettle is that circle can also be ellipse or polygon；Column on above-mentioned movable hearth furnace tank car is
Detachable arc-shaped or polygon.
It is disconnecting link that above-mentioned car bottom plate both ends, which are equipped with the attachment device to match with above-mentioned electrode bus bars,.
The above-mentioned graphite electrode furnace wall mounted in movable hearth furnace tank car both ends is made of insulating brick and graphite electrode, graphite electricity
The middle part of graphite electrode furnace wall is arranged in pole.
The technical scheme is that existing graphitizing process is changed to carry out in totally-enclosed pressure-bearing kettle by normal pressure, this
Sample can artificially control the graphitization atmosphere in pressure-bearing kettle, improve the density and purity of graphite product, to improve the strong of product
Degree and performance.
Since graphitization roasting process is carried out in closed environment, can be held according to the needs of different carbon products, control
Press kettle in reaction atmosphere and pressure, be completed at the same time different materials are smelted, are restored, are calcined, it is compound or purification technique
Technology.
For the pressure-bearing kettle for the Special-purpose enclosed that this technique provides, it is made of pressure-bearing kettle and movable hearth furnace tank car.Pass through control
Air inlet pipe and exhaust pipe on pressure-bearing kettle is on and off, can control the pressure in kettle, makes the crystal of carbon in graphitizing process
Structurally ordered arrangement improves the intensity of product；
Inert gas is passed through into kettle by air inlet pipe and takes out the modes such as negative pressure and changes reaction atmosphere in kettle, carbon can be made
In the evaporating temperatures of the impurity such as calcium, magnesium, aluminium, iron reduce, effectively improve the purity and intensity of graphite product；
Charging and discharging are carried out on the movable hearth furnace tank car outside pressure-bearing kettle, can effectively reduce production cycle and can pressure-bearing
The utilization rate of kettle；
Using exhaust pipe by the pernicious gas centralized collection in graphitizing process, environmental pollution can effectively reduce.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the left view sectional view of attached drawing 1 of the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of movable hearth furnace tank car of the present invention；
Attached drawing 4 is the left view of attached drawing 3 of the present invention；
Attached drawing 5 is the A-A cross-sectional view of attached drawing 3 of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In attached drawing 1-4,1- end socket, 2- inlet pipe, drain pipe, 3- safety valve, 4- exhaust pipe, 5- pressure-bearing kettle, 6- movable hearth furnace
Tank car, 6-1- attachment base, 6-2- car bottom plate, 6-3- idler wheel, 6-4- vertical columns, 6-5- skirting, 7- electrode bus bars, 8- are horizontal
Guide rail, 9- air inlet pipe, 10- silica granule, 11- metallurgical coke particles, 12- graphite powder, 13- carbon blank.
With regard to the processing step of technical solution of the present invention and special equipment, detailed description are as follows below:
Embodiment 1:
1) shove charge:, will be on graphite electrode furnace wall after movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate both ends install graphite electrode furnace wall
Graphite electrode is connected by electrode bus bars with the bus connecting device at movable hearth furnace tank car both ends.Then in two graphite electrode furnace walls
Between movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate one layer of upper berth granularity be 2mm silica granule, then one layer of silica granule upper berth, granularity is
12mm metallurgical coke particles will need graphited carbon product to be subsequently placed on metallurgical coke particles layer, then will with graphite powder
After gap filling between carbon product between carbon product and two graphite electrode furnace walls is good, graphited carbon is being needed
One layer of metallurgical coke particles and silica granule are sequentially spread on blank；
Silica granule mainly plays thermal insulation function；Metallurgical coke particles mainly play conductive, heat effect；The effect of graphite powder
It is to make to need to form electrical connection between graphited each carbon blank between electrode ink furnace wall.
3) calcine: the movable hearth furnace tank car that filling is completed is pushed into closed graphitizing furnace, makes movable hearth furnace tank car two
The bus connecting device at end and the electrode bus bars at pressure-bearing kettle both ends connect, which can pass through disconnecting link or other prior arts
Connection type, the purpose is to dismountable electricity will be established between movable hearth furnace tank car both ends and the electrode bus bars at pressure-bearing kettle both ends
Connection.The recirculated water inlet pipe, drain pipe on the cooling jacket and pressure-bearing kettle in electrode bus bars are connected simultaneously, electrode bus bars are carried out
It is cooling, after being then shut off the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends, after vacuumizing the air in discharge pressure-bearing kettle, infused into pressure-bearing kettle
Enter inert gas, is initially powered up calcining；When the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle reaches 0.3KP, the exhaust valve opened on pressure-bearing kettle makes to hold
Exhaust valve is closed after pressure to normal pressure in pressure kettle, vacuumizes the negative pressure for making to keep 1KP or more in pressure-bearing kettle, and continue 10 hours
Stop taking out negative pressure afterwards, keeps the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle to calcine 45 in the direct draught of 0.1MPa by the pressure-control valve on pressure-bearing kettle
It is powered off after hour；After the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle drops to normal pressure, nitrogen is injected into kettle, it will be after the reaction in pressure-bearing kettle with nitrogen
Gas displacement fall；After the temperature in pressure-bearing kettle to room temperature, open by the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends, by movable hearth furnace
Tank car is pulled out out of pressure-bearing kettle, is carried out discharging and is sieved silica granule and metallurgical coke particles after discharging, and standby next time makes
With.
Embodiment 2-3.
Such as following table of embodiment 2,3 changes silica granule, the granularity of metallurgical coke particles and calcining pressure in the above-described embodiments
Power, time, other process conditions are constant.
| Embodiment | Silica granularity | Metallurgical coke granularity | Calcine pressure | Calcine pressure |
| 2 | 6mm | 20mm | 0.4KP, 8 hours | 0.4MPa, 40 hours |
| 3 | 10mm | 30mm | 0.7KP, 5 hours | 0.2MPa, 42 hours |
In the above-described embodiments silica granule, metallurgical coke particles laying depth be determined as the case may be, generally
At 40-50 centimetres or so.
In above-mentioned any embodiment, the structure of used closed graphitizing furnace is as shown in Figs. 1-5, closed graphite
Change furnace to be made of the openable closed pressure-bearing kettle in one or both ends and the movable hearth furnace tank car in closed pressure-bearing kettle；
Air inlet pipe 9, exhaust pipe 4 and safety valve 3 are installed on pressure-bearing kettle, horizontal guide rail 8 is fixedly installed in pressure-bearing kettle, in pressure-bearing
Kettle both ends be equipped with pressure-bearing kettle it is closed, insulation electrode bus bars 7, one end of electrode bus bars in pressure-bearing kettle 5, the other end and supply
Electric system is connected；
Movable hearth furnace tank car is by car bottom plate 6-2, the idler wheel 6-3 being fixedly mounted on car bottom plate, is mounted on car bottom plate
Column 6-4, the skirting 6-5 that is mounted between two columns and mounted in 10 groups of graphite electrode furnace wall of movable hearth furnace tank car both ends
At being equipped with the bus connecting device 6-1 to match with above-mentioned electrode bus bars 7 at car bottom plate both ends, which can adopt
With disconnecting link or other electrical connection forms；Above-mentioned graphite electrode furnace wall is by insulating brick and the middle part for being placed on graphite electrode furnace wall
The busbar composition that graphite electrode 11 and one end are electrically connected with graphite electrode, the other end is electrically connected with bus connecting device.
In use, will first need graphited product and insulation material in movable hearth furnace tank car, product both ends pass through powder
It is connected on the inside of shape graphite and the graphite electrode on graphite electrode furnace wall, is connect by busbar with bus on the outside of graphite electrode
Device connection installs and movable hearth furnace tank car is pushed into pressure-bearing kettle after needing graphited material, by movable hearth furnace tank car both ends
Bus connecting device and pressure-bearing kettle both ends inlet wire bus connect after, the end socket 1 at pressure-bearing kettle both ends and pressure-bearing kettle is closed,
It can be powered and the product in kettle on movable hearth furnace tank car is graphitized.
The shape of column is designed according to the section of pressure-bearing kettle, main purpose is to improve the charge of movable hearth furnace tank car.When
When the section of pressure-bearing kettle is round, the column on movable hearth furnace tank car can be made as it is arc-shaped, and for convenience of loading and unloading, column
Detachable connection method, such as grafting form are designed as between the car bottom plate of movable hearth furnace tank car.When the section of pressure-bearing kettle is ellipse
When round or polygon, column may be designed as arc-shaped or polygon.
Busbar to prevent movable hearth furnace tank car both ends to be connected with electrode is burnt at high operating temperatures, in pressure-bearing kettle
Both ends are equipped with inlet pipe, drain pipe 2, are cooled down by water jacket to electrode bus bars.
The pernicious gas generated in graphitizing process then passes through 4 Collection utilization of exhaust pipe.
When needing the graphitizing process in pressure-bearing kettle is positive pressure, air inlet pipe, exhaust pipe are closed, so that it may realize in kettle just
Pressure.When needing negative pressure in pressure-bearing kettle, exhaust pipe is closed, while air inlet pipe being controlled to a vacuum pump, by vacuum pump by pressure-bearing
Gas extraction in kettle, so that it may realize the negative reaction in pressure-bearing kettle.Positive pressure, the pressure of negative pressure can be carried out according to process requirement
Setting.
Simultaneously according to the process requirement of different products, inert gas, such as nitrogen can be sent into pressure-bearing kettle by air inlet pipe
Gas, argon gas etc..
Claims (3)
1. a kind of closed graphitization production technology, the processing step are as follows:
1) shove charge: after movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate both ends install graphite electrode furnace wall, between two graphite electrode furnace walls
One layer of upper berth of movable hearth furnace tank car bottom plate silica granule will need graphite then in one layer of silica granule upper berth metallurgical coke particles
The carbon product of change is subsequently placed on metallurgical coke particles layer, then will be between carbon product and carbon product and two with graphite powder
After gap filling between graphite electrode furnace wall is good, one layer of metallurgical coke particles are sequentially spread on needing graphited carbon blank
And silica granule；
2) calcine: the movable hearth furnace tank car that filling is completed is pushed into closed graphitizing furnace, makes movable hearth furnace tank car both ends
The electrode bus bars connection of graphite electrode on graphite electrode furnace wall and pressure-bearing kettle both ends, while by the cooling jacket in electrode bus bars
It is connected with the recirculated water inlet pipe, drain pipe on pressure-bearing kettle, after closing the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends, vacuumizes discharge pressure-bearing kettle
Interior air is initially powered up calcining after then injecting inert gas into pressure-bearing kettle；
3) discharging: after graphitization, the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends is opened, movable hearth furnace tank car is drawn out of pressure-bearing kettle
Discharging is carried out out, and will be spare after silica granule and metallurgical coke particles dressing sieve.
2. closed graphitization production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the granularity of above-mentioned silica granule is
2-10mm；The granularity of above-mentioned metallurgical coke particles is 12-30mm.
3. closed graphitization production technology according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in above-mentioned calcining step, Xiang Cheng
Pressing the specific embodiment for the calcining that is powered after injection inert gas in kettle is: when energization calcining, when the pressure in pressure-bearing kettle reaches
0.3-0.7KPa, open pressure-bearing kettle on exhaust valve make the pressure to normal pressure in pressure-bearing kettle after close exhaust valve, vacuumizing makes to hold
The negative pressure for keeping 1KPa or more in kettle is pressed, and stops taking out negative pressure after continuing 5-10 hours, passes through the pressure-control valve on pressure-bearing kettle
The pressure in pressure-bearing kettle is kept to power off after the direct draught of 0.1-0.4MPa is calcined 40-45 hours；Pressure drop in pressure-bearing kettle
To after normal pressure, nitrogen is injected into kettle, is fallen the gas displacement after the reaction in pressure-bearing kettle with nitrogen；Temperature in pressure-bearing kettle
To room temperature, the end socket of pressure-bearing kettle one or both ends is opened, movable hearth furnace tank car is pulled out out of pressure-bearing kettle and carries out discharging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610913514.5A CN106629701B (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Closed graphitization production technology and graphitizing furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610913514.5A CN106629701B (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Closed graphitization production technology and graphitizing furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106629701A CN106629701A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106629701B true CN106629701B (en) | 2019-01-08 |
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| CN201610913514.5A Expired - Fee Related CN106629701B (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Closed graphitization production technology and graphitizing furnace |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2552904Y (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-05-28 | 蔡苏卫 | Series graphitizing furnace |
| CN106495145A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 王恩礼 | Bury alms bowl method graphitization production technology and closed graphitizing furnace |
-
2016
- 2016-10-20 CN CN201610913514.5A patent/CN106629701B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2552904Y (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-05-28 | 蔡苏卫 | Series graphitizing furnace |
| CN106495145A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 王恩礼 | Bury alms bowl method graphitization production technology and closed graphitizing furnace |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106629701A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20190108 Termination date: 20191020 |