CN102559978A - Method for producing sponge iron by electric heating and system thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing sponge iron by electric heating and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102559978A CN102559978A CN2012100358370A CN201210035837A CN102559978A CN 102559978 A CN102559978 A CN 102559978A CN 2012100358370 A CN2012100358370 A CN 2012100358370A CN 201210035837 A CN201210035837 A CN 201210035837A CN 102559978 A CN102559978 A CN 102559978A
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly method for producing sponge iron by electric heating and a system for producing the sponge iron by electric heating. The system for producing the sponge iron by electric heating, provided by the invention, comprises a furnace body, a coal gas heater and an electric heater, wherein the coals gas heater and the electric heater are located on the furnace body. The furnace body sequentially comprises a preheating section, a low temperature reducing section, a medium temperature reducing section, a high temperature reducing section and a cooling section from top to bottom. The cooling section is connected with a vapor generation system, a vapor turbine device, a steam turbine, a generator, a main power transformation device and a high voltage main power transformation device sequentially. The main power transformation device is connected with a power station which is connected with a switch board room. According to the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly method for producing the sponge iron by electric heating and the system, heat is recycled through the cooling section for power generation and production, so that lower energy consumption, zero pollution and zero emission are produced. Furthermore, waste of a coal reductant is used to prepare particle active carbon so as to recycle the renewable energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system thereof that produces sponge iron, the method and the system thereof of sponge iron produced in especially a kind of electrically heated.
Background technology
Sponge iron is the solid metal iron of powder or multi-cellular structure.The industrial production of sponge iron is divided into two types usually: the gentle base of coal-based method produces.Gas base method is produced and is occupied 93% of the world, and coal-based method only accounts for 7%, and electric basic method is produced only has U.S. a company to use production.The reduction of iron ore is to utilize the directly reduction and embodying of the form of carbonaceous material in the mill coal or gas renormalizing gas.
The production of traditional sponge iron all has the body of heater maximization mode of production, and most furnace charges all are to pack into to carry out roasting in the retort, and burden structure all is a static type; This has brought a lot of unfavorable factors for direct reducing sponge iron production, and be mainly reflected in the following aspects: type of heating belongs to indirect type, and heat energy working medium passes to change and is obstructed; Medium mass transfer nuclear time that contracts is long; Most retort core reduction shortcomings cause power consumption big, and degree of metalization is low.Reducing atmosphere is inactive on the other hand, it must select for use permeability preferably burden structure could realize.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and system thereof of electrically heated production sponge iron of energy-saving and environmental protection.
Realize the method for the electrically heated production sponge iron of one of the object of the invention, comprise the steps:
(1) adopt producer gas generator, utilize the gas maked coal method, with hydrocarbon polymer, send into the shaft furnace portfire through washing and light, heating furnace body is produced sponge iron;
The physics heat of (2) sponge iron of producing being carried in reduction process, at the water cooling section with thermal power transfer; What the reductive sponge iron did not stop moves, and gets into the water cooling section of this shaft furnace, and heat is absorbed the steam that reaches capacity by water separates out, and does the turbine energy; Thermal power transfer is become mechanical energy, the driving steam turbine generating; The power transmission of output is sent into plant area's switchgear building again to our factory's private station, is used for electrically heated and produces sponge iron;
(3) sponge iron of electrically heated production is proceeded thermal power transfer in the water cooling district, generates electricity with above-mentioned step (2), is used for producing.
The process that sponge iron is produced in said electrically heated is following:
(1) mixture charge moves approach preheating section from top to bottom, and temperature is 300 ℃, and the moisture in the furnace charge is thoroughly got rid of at this moment, then gets into the low-temperature reduction section;
(2) temperature of low-temperature reduction section is 570 ℃～810 ℃, and the fire coal in the furnace charge begins pyrolytic reaction, generates hydrocarbon polymer (C-H-O), by Fe
2O
3Be converted into Fe
3O
4, temperature reduction section in moving to;
(3) temperature of temperature reduction section is 810 ℃～910 ℃ in, and this moment, H was faded in the reaction of CO
2Reduction reaction increase gradually, by Fe
3O
4Be converted into FeO, get into the high temperature reduction section;
(4) temperature of high temperature reduction section is at 910 ℃～1153 ℃, FeO and H
2Reductive thermodynamics utilization ratio is higher than CO, makes the FeO oxygen loss, obtains metallic iron, because FeO forms many micropores shape in the oxygen loss process, forms sponge iron;
(5) sponge iron entering water cooling section is cooled near normal temperature and comes out of the stove, and heat is absorbed by water, realizes heat energy working medium, generates saturation steam, generates through the superheated vapour device again, and dry steam and vp drive turbine driven set and generate electricity.
In the sponge iron production process, can produce ature of coal reductive agent waste material, the furnace charge that reduction is good carries out fragmentation, magnetic separation; Separate sponge iron with ature of coal reductive agent waste material, sponge iron is through Passivation Treatment, and by the lifting magnet crane warehouse-in, back ature of coal waste material is processed the matter granulated active carbon, is used to produce sponge iron.
Realize the system that sponge iron is produced in two the electrically heated of the object of the invention; Comprise body of heater, be positioned at coal gas heating unit and electric heater unit on the body of heater; Said body of heater comprises preheating section, low-temperature reduction section, middle temperature reduction section, high temperature reduction section and the cooling section that sets gradually from top to bottom; Said cooling section is connected with steam generation system, steam turbine device, turbine, generator, main transformer electric installation and high pressure main transformer electric installation in turn; Said main transformer electric installation is connected with the power station, and said power station is connected with switchgear building.
Said steam turbine device and turbine are connected with steam regeneration system, and said steam regeneration system is connected with second turbine and second generator in turn, and said second generator links to each other with the main transformer electric installation.
The said steam regeneration system and second turbine are connected with cooling tower, and said cooling tower is connected with the backwater station, and said backwater station links to each other with said cooling section.
The automatic sorting device that said cooling section connects separates sponge iron with ature of coal reductive agent waste material, sponge iron is transported to passivation system, and ature of coal reductive agent waste material is transported to ature of coal granulated active carbon generation system.Said cooling section connects automatic sorting device, and sponge iron is separated with ature of coal reductive agent waste material, and sponge iron is a finished product through passivation, and ature of coal reductive agent waste material is transported to ature of coal granulated active carbon generation system.
The method of electrically heated production sponge iron of the present invention and the beneficial effect of system thereof are following:
The method and the system thereof of sponge iron produced in electrically heated of the present invention; Through cooling section heat recuperation is generated electricity, produce, not only less energy-consumption, pollution-free, nothing discharging; And the waste material of ature of coal reductive agent processed the matter granulated active carbon, with renewable energy resources recycle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema that the method for sponge iron is produced in electrically heated of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; The system of sponge iron is produced in electrically heated of the present invention; Comprise body of heater, be positioned at coal gas heating unit and electric heater unit on the body of heater; Said body of heater comprises preheating section, low-temperature reduction section, middle temperature reduction section, high temperature reduction section and the cooling section that sets gradually from top to bottom; Said cooling section is connected with steam generation system, steam turbine device, turbine, generator, main transformer electric installation and high pressure main transformer electric installation in turn, and said main transformer electric installation is connected with the power station, and said power station is connected with switchgear building.
Said steam turbine device and turbine are connected with steam regeneration system, and said steam regeneration system is connected with second turbine and second generator in turn, and said second generator links to each other with the main transformer electric installation.
The said steam regeneration system and second turbine are connected with cooling tower, and said cooling tower is connected with the backwater station, and said backwater station links to each other with said cooling section.Said cooling section also is connected with ature of coal granulated active carbon generation system.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for sponge iron is produced in electrically heated of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) adopts gas maked coal to produce sponge iron, comprise the steps:
1. the furnace charge for preparing gets into the drying shed oven dry, through the charge hoisting machine furnace charge is sent into high hopper.Furnace charge moves into the preheating section by drop, and temperature is set 300 ℃, with the thorough emptying of the moisture content in the furnace charge, allows water content 0.03%.
2. dried furnace charge moves to the low-temperature reduction section, and between temperature was set 570 ℃～810 ℃, reductive agent (fire coal) beginning pyrolytic reaction bore hydrocarbon polymer (C-H-O).The reduction of iron also must be through the media of gaseous reducing agent, therefore, in the gas reduction reaction of this reduction zone iron leg is:
(a)3Fe
2O
3+CO＝＝2Fe
3O
4+CO
2(a)3Fe
2O
3+H
2＝＝2Fe
3O
4+H
2O
(b)0.25Fe
3O
4+CO＝＝0.75Fe+CO
2(b)0.25Fe
3O
4+H
2＝＝0.75Fe+H
2O
So do not exist at FeO below 570 ℃, just Fe
3O
4Exist, at this reduction section, these reactions are all absorbed heat, so claim endothermic reactions.
3. temperature reduction section during furnace charge gets into, temperature is set 810 ℃～910 ℃.Reducing power at this section CO below 810 ℃ is higher than H
2That is to say that CO reductive thermodynamics gas effciency is higher than H
2, H more than 810 ℃
2It all is thermopositive reaction that reductive thermodynamics gas effciency is higher than these reactions of CO.Reduction reaction is increased to six:
(a)3Fe
2O
3+CO＝＝2Fe
3O
4+CO
2 (a)3Fe
2O
3+H
2＝＝2Fe
3O
4
(c)Fe
3O
4+CO＝＝3FeO+CO
2 (c)Fe
3O
4+H
2＝＝3FeO+H
2O
(d)FeO+CO＝＝Fe+CO
2 (d)FeO+H
2＝＝Fe+CO
2
This reduction section, existence be FeO.Say from thermodynamic principles also to have Fe, but be non-existent from actual motion.Even exist also can be fallen by gaseous oxidation.
4. furnace charge enters into the high temperature reduction section, and from 910 ℃-1153 ℃, CO reductive gas effciency descends H along with the rising of temperature
2The reductive gas effciency raises with the raising of temperature.The thermodynamics rule of the two is just in time opposite.
Furnace charge between 810 ℃ of-910 ℃ of sections, existence be FeO, H more than 910 ℃
2The reductive gas effciency raises, and makes the FeO oxygen loss obtain Fe.In the oxygen loss process, metallic iron is because of oxygen loss, likeness in form sponge and gaining the name: sponge iron (DRI).
(2) sponge iron heat energy working medium generating, sponge iron get into water cooling section heat and are absorbed by water, generate saturation steam, under the impact of water inlet, saturation steam are discharged, and get in the superheated vapour device; Saturation steam gets into the superheated vapour device, and the furnace roof tail gas that recovery is arranged again is transported to inflammable gas in the superheated vapour device and burns through washing, and generates the dry steam that certain pressure is arranged, and driving steam turbine drives generator for electricity generation.
The electricity that sends rises into 110,000 negative high voltages and is transported to private station in the factory through main-transformer.Private station is arranged, electricity is transported to each switchgear building operation of plant area.
(3) adopt electrically heated to produce sponge iron, step with above-mentioned step 1. 2. 3. 4..
(4) electrically heated is produced in the sponge iron process, carries out the working medium generating, and step is as above-mentioned steps (2).
Electrical heating method: be mainly concerned with the hearth wall that has nonmetal high temperature material to process.An electric heating element is installed in respectively on each hearth wall, the direct heating body of heater.Electrical heating element is selected for use, globars and Si-Mo rod, resistive heating unit.
Cooled sponge iron moves to discharge port, by spiral automatic sorting device the charing coal charge is separated with sponge iron.Be transported to the coal mass active carbon production plant through travelling belt one tunnel, another road is transported to sponge iron passivation workshop.
(5) through physical reaction, generation charing raw material through magnetic separation, proposes sponge iron in reduction furnace for ature of coal reductive agent waste material production ature of coal granulated active carbon, coal, and remaining is ature of coal charing raw material, through crushing and screening, carries out reactivation process behind the mixed kneading grain.Reactivation process is below the superheated vapour device in this technology, and the high pressure vessel of installation is used for activation ature of coal granulated active carbon product.
The outward appearance black in color indefinite form particle of coal mass active carbon.It has the gap structure prosperity, and specific surface area is big, and adsorptive power is strong, and stable chemical performance is nonpoisonous and tasteless.Be widely used in the tap water engineering, process water and waste water advanced purifying, the gas sweetening deodorizing, solvent recuperation, noble metal refines, the catalyzer of chemical engineering industry and support of the catalyst etc.
Embodiment recited above describes preferred implementation of the present invention; Be not that scope of the present invention is limited; Design under the spiritual prerequisite not breaking away from the present invention; Various distortion and improvement that the common engineering technical personnel in this area make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method that sponge iron is produced in electrically heated comprises the steps:
(1) adopt producer gas generator, utilize the gas maked coal method, with hydrocarbon polymer, send into the shaft furnace portfire through washing and light, heating furnace body is produced sponge iron;
The physics heat of (2) sponge iron of producing being carried in reduction process, at the water cooling section with thermal power transfer; What the reductive sponge iron did not stop moves, and gets into the water cooling section of this shaft furnace, and heat is absorbed the steam that reaches capacity by water separates out, and does the turbine energy; Thermal power transfer is become mechanical energy, the driving steam turbine generating; The power transmission of output is sent into plant area's switchgear building again to our factory's private station, is used for electrically heated and produces sponge iron;
(3) sponge iron of electrically heated production is proceeded thermal power transfer in the water cooling district, generates electricity with above-mentioned step (2), is used for producing.
2. the method for sponge iron is produced in electrically heated according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the production process of sponge iron is following in said step (1) and (3):
1. mixture charge moves approach preheating section from top to bottom, and temperature is 300 ℃, and the moisture in the furnace charge is thoroughly got rid of at this moment, then gets into the low-temperature reduction section;
2. the temperature of low-temperature reduction section is that the fire coal in the furnace charge begins pyrolytic reaction between 570 ℃～810 ℃, generates hydrocarbon polymer (C-H-O), by Fe
2O
3Be converted into Fe
3O
4, temperature reduction section in moving to;
3. the temperature of temperature reduction section is between 810 ℃～910 ℃ in, and this moment, the reaction of CO was faded, and the reduction reaction of H2 increases gradually, by Fe
3O
4Be converted into FeO, get into the high temperature reduction section;
4. the temperature of temperature reduction section is between 910 ℃～1153 ℃, FeO and H
2Reductive thermodynamics utilization ratio is higher than CO, makes the FeO oxygen loss, obtains metallic iron, because FeO forms many micropores shape in the oxygen loss process, forms sponge iron;
3. the method for sponge iron is produced in electrically heated according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the sponge iron production process, can produce ature of coal reductive agent waste material, the furnace charge that reduction is good carries out fragmentation, magnetic separation; Separate sponge iron with ature of coal reductive agent waste material, sponge iron is through Passivation Treatment, and by the lifting magnet crane warehouse-in, back ature of coal waste material is processed the matter granulated active carbon, is used to produce sponge iron.
4. the system of sponge iron is produced in an electrically heated; Comprise body of heater, be positioned at coal gas heating unit and electric heater unit on the body of heater; Said body of heater comprises preheating section, low-temperature reduction section, middle temperature reduction section, high temperature reduction section and the cooling section that sets gradually from top to bottom; Said cooling section is connected with steam generation system, steam turbine device, turbine, generator, main transformer electric installation and high pressure main transformer electric installation in turn, and said main transformer electric installation is connected with the power station, and said power station is connected with switchgear building.
5. the system of sponge iron is produced in electrically heated according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said steam turbine device and turbine are connected with steam regeneration system; Said steam regeneration system is connected with second turbine and second generator in turn, and said second generator links to each other with the main transformer electric installation.
6. the system of sponge iron is produced in electrically heated according to claim 5, and it is characterized in that: the said steam regeneration system and second turbine are connected with cooling tower, and said cooling tower is connected with the backwater station, and said backwater station links to each other with said cooling section.
7. the system that sponge iron is produced in arbitrary described electrically heated according to claim 4～6, it is characterized in that: said cooling section is connected with ature of coal granulated active carbon generation system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210035837.0A CN102559978B (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | Method for producing sponge iron by electric heating and system thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210035837.0A CN102559978B (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | Method for producing sponge iron by electric heating and system thereof |
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| CN102559978B CN102559978B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104789755A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中南大学 | Method and device of utilizing high-sulfur manganese mine to cleanly and efficiently produce manganese metal |
| CN106834668A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-06-13 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | The system and method for middle low-order coal sub-prime cascade utilization |
| CN110523972A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-03 | 四川容克斯科技有限公司 | A kind of production system of copper-clad iron powder |
| CN114381564A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-04-22 | 北京华浦博科技有限公司 | Direct reduction device for heating iron concentrate powder by isolating air and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4082543A (en) * | 1977-02-16 | 1978-04-04 | Midrex Corporation | Method for reducing particulate iron oxide to metallic iron with solid reductant |
| US5643354A (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1997-07-01 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | High temperature oxygen production for ironmaking processes |
| CN201043182Y (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-04-02 | 王东海 | Electrical heated equipment for direct reduction of sponge iron |
| CN201433222Y (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-03-31 | 丁家伟 | Internally-externally-heating sponge iron reduction device |
| CN201942699U (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-08-24 | 周广砥 | Energy-saving high-efficient reduction shaft furnace |
-
2012
- 2012-02-17 CN CN201210035837.0A patent/CN102559978B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4082543A (en) * | 1977-02-16 | 1978-04-04 | Midrex Corporation | Method for reducing particulate iron oxide to metallic iron with solid reductant |
| US5643354A (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1997-07-01 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | High temperature oxygen production for ironmaking processes |
| CN201043182Y (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-04-02 | 王东海 | Electrical heated equipment for direct reduction of sponge iron |
| CN201433222Y (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2010-03-31 | 丁家伟 | Internally-externally-heating sponge iron reduction device |
| CN201942699U (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2011-08-24 | 周广砥 | Energy-saving high-efficient reduction shaft furnace |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104789755A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中南大学 | Method and device of utilizing high-sulfur manganese mine to cleanly and efficiently produce manganese metal |
| CN106834668A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-06-13 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | The system and method for middle low-order coal sub-prime cascade utilization |
| CN110523972A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-03 | 四川容克斯科技有限公司 | A kind of production system of copper-clad iron powder |
| CN114381564A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-04-22 | 北京华浦博科技有限公司 | Direct reduction device for heating iron concentrate powder by isolating air and application thereof |
| CN114381564B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2024-04-30 | 北京华浦博科技有限公司 | Direct reduction device for insulating air and heating iron concentrate powder and application thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN102559978B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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