CN106624444A - High-deposition-rate and low-hydrogen type iron powder electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-deposition-rate and low-hydrogen type iron powder electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106624444A CN106624444A CN201611108743.6A CN201611108743A CN106624444A CN 106624444 A CN106624444 A CN 106624444A CN 201611108743 A CN201611108743 A CN 201611108743A CN 106624444 A CN106624444 A CN 106624444A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0272—Rods, electrodes, wires with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/404—Coated rods; Coated electrodes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials and particularly relates to a high-deposition-rate and low-hydrogen type iron powder electrode and a preparation method thereof. A coating of the electrode is prepared from components in parts by weight as follows: 29-31 parts of marble, 13-15 parts of fluorite, 2-4 parts of silicon iron, 1.5-2.5 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5-2.5 parts of wood meal, 14-16 parts of rutile, 4-6 parts of feldspar powder, 6-8 parts of quartz powder, 4-6 parts of mica, 12-14 parts of titanium powder and 39-41 parts of iron powder. The deposition efficiency of the electrode is high and reaches 134%, the hardness value of the electrode after welding is relatively large and reaches 185.8, the fluctuation of the value is relatively small, and the hardness of a weld joint after welding of the electrode is most ideal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of welding materials, and in particular to a kind of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Iron powder electrode is that a number of iron powder is added in coating, to improve the welding technological properties of welding rod, improves weldering
The deposition efficiency of bar, this kind of electrode coating external diameter is slightly thicker than common welding rod, can still carry out all-position welding, when iron powder addition surpasses
30% is crossed, and when suitably increasing coating thickness, it is possible to greatly improve deposition efficiency, commonly referred to high efficiency fe powder covered electrode, deposition
Efficiency is 130%～160%, reaches as high as 250%.Iron powder electrode has excellent processing performance, and appearance of weld is smoothed, and nothing is stung
Side, molten drop is in spurting transition, splashing very little.Compared with same diameter common welding rod, welding rod deposition rate improves 132%, melts
Change coefficient and improve 18%, deposition efficiency improves 125.6%, and every kilogram of deposited metal arc time reduces 124.8%, and per kilogram melts
Metallized power consumption saves 37.8%, and core wire consumption saves 96.9%.
It is clear that high efficiency fe powder covered electrode deposition efficiency is high, a large amount of man-hours, manpower, electric power and steel consumption, skill can be saved
Art remarkable in economical benefits, current domestic production low-hydrogen electrode, mechanical property and deposition efficiency it is also to be hoisted.
The content of the invention
Not enough for more than, the technical problem to be solved is to provide the high low hydrogen type of a kind of hardness and deposition rate
Iron powder electrode.
High deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, its
Described in coating be made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
29～31 parts of parts of marble；
13～15 parts of fluorite；
2～4 parts of ferrosilicon；
1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；
1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；
14～16 parts of rutile；
4～6 parts of feldspar powder；
6～8 parts of silica flour；
4～6 parts of mica powder；
12～14 parts of titanium valve；
39～41 parts of iron powder.
Further, above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein the coating is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
30 parts of marble；
14 parts of fluorite；
3 parts of ferrosilicon；
2 parts of titanium dioxide；
2 parts of wood powder；
15 parts of rutile；
5 parts of feldspar powder；
7 parts of silica flour；
5 parts of mica powder；
13 parts of titanium valve；
40 parts of iron powder.
Above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein CaCO in the marble3Content ＞ 97wt%, P≤
0.037wt%, S≤0.037wt%；
CaF in the fluorite2Content ＞ 90wt%, the mesh of granularity 120；
Silicon in Ferrosilicon content >=the 75wt%；
Panxi Diqu anatase thpe white powder >=91.0wt% is adopted in the titanium dioxide；
The particle diameter of the wood powder is 80 mesh；
In the rutile rutile be synthetic rutile, the mesh of granularity 120；
The feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
The silica flour particle diameter be 200 mesh, wherein silicone content >=99.7wt%, iron-holder be 80～100ppm, moisture≤
0.05wt%；
The mica powder be high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content be 20～
33wt%, K2O content is 9～11wt%；
The titanium-iron powder selects FeTi30-A types, and wherein Ti contents are 25～35wt%, and Al content is 8wt%, Si contents
For 8wt%, Mn contents are 2.5wt%；
Fe contents >=98wt% in the iron powder, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt%, hydrogen loss is 0.1～0.2wt%,
Particle diameter is 120 mesh.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, comprises the following steps：
A, core wire process：Cleaning core wire surface rusty stain, greasy dirt, impurity, make the clean finishing in core wire surface；
The Passivation Treatment of b, ferroalloy：Under atmospheric environment so that oxidative deactivation containing ferrous components in coating；
The modulation of c, waterglass：The stirring of 5wt% methyl acrylates is added in waterglass, it is stand-by；
D, dispensing：Composition according to above-mentioned coating is weighed, stand-by；
E, dry-mixed, wet mixing：The waterglass for adding step c to modulate after the compositions of surfacing metal that Step d is obtained is well mixed, stirs
Mix, mix, obtain wet mass medicinal powder；
F, welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicinal powder is coated in along core wire length direction by the core wire after a step process by hydraulic press
On, coating surface is smoothed, coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
G, drying：The welding rod that f steps are made hangs in atmosphere 24 hours, again 300～400 after its dry tack free
DEG C drying 1～2h, obtain final product.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein the concentration of the liquid soluble glass is 45 Baumes
Degree, modulus M=2.9, add 5wt% methyl acrylates that electrode coating can be made to have certain moisture resistance.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein welding rod hangs in atmosphere described in g steps
Temperature be 15～25 DEG C, the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
High deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, by reasonable disposition raw material and coating constituent, adds spy
Different technique and the method for inspection so that high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode deposition efficiency of the present invention is high, has reached 134%；Weldering
Hardness number is larger after bar welding, reaches 185.8, and numerical fluctuations are less, and weld hardness is ideal after welding rod welding.
Specific embodiment
High deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, its
Described in coating be made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
29～31 parts of marble；
13～15 parts of fluorite；
2～4 parts of ferrosilicon；
1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；
1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；
14～16 parts of rutile；
4～6 parts of feldspar powder；
6～8 parts of silica flour；
4～6 parts of mica powder；
12～14 parts of titanium valve；
39～41 parts of iron powder.
Further, above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein the coating is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
30 parts of marble；
14 parts of fluorite；
3 parts of ferrosilicon；
2 parts of titanium dioxide；
2 parts of wood powder；
15 parts of rutile；
5 parts of feldspar powder；
7 parts of silica flour；
5 parts of mica powder；
13 parts of titanium valve；
40 parts of iron powder.
Above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, wherein CaCO in the marble3Content ＞ 97wt%, P≤
0.037wt%, S≤0.037wt%；
CaF in the fluorite2Content ＞ 90wt%, the mesh of granularity 120；
Silicon in Ferrosilicon content >=the 75wt%；
Panxi Diqu anatase thpe white powder >=91.0wt% is adopted in the titanium dioxide；
The particle diameter of the wood powder is 80 mesh；
In the rutile rutile be synthetic rutile, the mesh of granularity 120；
The feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
The silica flour particle diameter be 200 mesh, wherein silicone content >=99.7wt%, iron-holder be 80～100ppm, moisture≤
0.05wt%；
The mica powder be high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content be 20～
33wt%, K2O content is 9～11wt%；
The titanium-iron powder selects FeTi30-A types, and wherein Ti contents are 25～35wt%, and Al content is 8wt%, Si contents
For 8wt%, Mn contents are 2.5wt%；
Fe contents >=98wt% in the iron powder, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt%, hydrogen loss is 0.1～0.2wt%,
Particle diameter is 120 mesh.
Impact of each element to welding performance in core wire be：
(1) carbon is the main alloy element in steel, and when carbon content increases, the intensity of steel, hardness are significantly improved, and plasticity
Reduce.In welding process, carbon plays certain deoxidation, and chemical combination occurs with oxygen under high arc temperature effect, generates
Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, arc region and molten bath surrounding air are excluded, and prevent oxygen, the nitrogen pernicious gas pair in air
The harmful effect that molten bath produces, reduces the content of oxygen and nitrogen in weld metal.If phosphorus content is too high, reduction acutely, can draw
Play larger splashing and pore.In view of the impact that carbon increases to the hardenability of steel and its to crack sensitivity, low carbon steel welding core
Phosphorus content be generally less than 0.1%；
(2) manganese is a kind of preferable alloying constituent in steel, and with the increase of manganese content, its intensity and toughness can have been carried
It is high.In welding process, manganese is also a kind of preferable deoxidier, can reduce the content of oxygen in weld seam.Manganese forms sulphur with sulfuration conjunction
Change manganese to float in slag, so as to reduce weld seam hot cracking tendency.Therefore the manganese content of general carbon structural steels core wire is 0.30%
～0.55%；
(3) silicon is a kind of preferable alloying constituent, adds appropriate silicon to improve the yield strength of steel, elastic and anti-in steel
Acid energy；If too high levels, plasticity and toughness are reduced.In welding process, silicon also has preferable deoxidizing capacity, with oxygen shape
Into silica, but it can improve the viscosity of slag, easily promote non-metallic inclusion to generate；
(4) chromium can improve hardness, wearability and the corrosion resistance of steel.For mild steel, chromium is a kind of accidental
Impurity.The main metallurgical of chromium is characterized in that and is easy to abrupt oxidization, the oxide chrome green of infusibility is formed, so as to increased weldering
The possibility of seam metallic inclusion.Chrome green is transitioned into after slag, improves can viscosity coefficient of dross, and mobility is reduced；
(5) nickel has the significant effect of comparison to the toughness of steel, when general cold impact value requires higher, is suitably incorporated
Nickel；
(6) sulphur is a kind of objectionable impurities, with the increase of sulfur content, will increase the hot cracking tendency of weld seam, therefore core wire
The content of middle sulphur cannot be greater than 0.04%.When important feature is welded, sulfur content cannot be greater than 0.03%；
(7) phosphorus is a kind of objectionable impurities, and the main harm of sulphur is to make weld seam produce cold short phenomenon, with the increasing of phosphorus content
Plus, the toughness of weld metal, particularly low-temperature impact toughness will be caused to decline, therefore phosphorus content cannot be greater than in core wire
0.04%.When important feature is welded, phosphorus content cannot be greater than 0.03%.
The effect of each composition in coating is specially with impact：
1st, marble plays desulfurization, stabilising arc in welding process, protects weld seam not acted on by oxygen, nitridation etc..In desulfurization
Following reaction can occur：
CaCO3→CaO+CO2
FeS+CaO→CaS+FeO
FeO+Mn→MnO+Fe
2nd, fluorite is strong diluent, makes gas in weld metal be easy to effusion, can desulfurization.
3rd, ferrosilicon plays deoxidation, heat release in welding process, and its chemical lively type is high, can make weld metal stone
Mo Hua.Ferrosilicon can occur following reaction when deoxidation is carried out：
2FeO+Si→SiO2+2Fe
4th, titanium dioxide can play multinomial effect in welding process, such as stabilising arc, make spatter few；Form short slag；Energy
Active slag is produced, uniform fold protects in welded joints weld seam；Because TiO2 crystallization rates are fast, make de- slag convenient；Weld ripples is careful；
Titanate being combined into iron oxide and entering slag, play deoxidation, reaction equation is as follows：
FeO+TiO2→FeTiO3
5th, organic matter (wood powder, starch, resin) produces in combustion gas, make weld seam not with air oxidation, nitridation；
The general high resilience of organism, thus it is favourable to suppressing.
6th, rutile oxidisability is weak, and welding arc stablility, good directionality, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and slag is covered.
7th, feldspar powder plays stabilising arc, slag making, and de- slag is conducive in right amount, will excessively slow down weldering speed, increases the viscous of slag
Degree.
8th, silica flour plays slag making, and the gas in weld seam can be also sloughed with iron oxide reaction, accelerates weldering speed；In right amount may be used
Increase the activity of slag, slag can excessively sticked, splash big.
9th, mica powder plays stabilising arc, slag making, and springiness can increase coating gas permeability.Excessive excessively thick mica meeting
Make coating loose, electrode surface is of poor quality.
10th, titanium-iron powder has bigger deoxidizing capacity than ferrosilicon, and unsuitable consumption is excessive, expensive because of its
For with high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode of the present invention, with the increase of iron powder amount, coating burn-off rate adds
Hurry up, length sleeve diminishes.Therefore appropriate iron powder should be added, to obtain suitable length sleeve.Suitable iron powder amount can be by
In welding slag weight with fusing welding rod weight ratio judging, i.e., when welding slag weight S and fusing welding rod weight E ratio S/E=18～
When 24%, welding rod length sleeve is suitable, and welding technological properties is good；Work as S/E<When 18%, welding rod sleeve is short, and blow force of arc is little,
Simultaneously the welding quantity of slag is few, and skull is too thin, and the removability of slag is deteriorated；But work as S/E>When 24%, welding rod sleeve is oversize, blow force of arc mistake
Greatly, the welding quantity of slag is more, and the effective rate of utilization of arc heat is low.When coating thickness is different, the suitable addition of iron powder is also different, works as medicine
When skin external diameter is 6.8mm, the amount of iron powder is preferably controlled below 45%；When coating external diameter is 8mm, the suitable plus people amount of iron powder is
45～63%.But, iron powder plus people's amount and coating thickness increase be all it is limited, iron powder most greatly people's amount is not generally
More than 70%；Coating thickness, if represented with D/d, its maximum is up to 2.5.In addition, when the addition of iron powder is different, institute
The iron powder physical property of requirement is also different, when addition is few, can adopt the iron powder of low loose ratio.
Iron powder plays very big effect in welding process, can accelerate the burn-off rate of coating, improves welding efficiency；Make
Weld metal increases, and improves deposition efficiency；Basic coating is added to make arc stability.When iron powder adds excessive in coating,
It is just highly difficult when welding rod makes, easily make coating blocked up and cannot weld.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, comprises the following steps：
A, core wire process：By preprepared core wire, with sand papering, cleaning core wire surface, make core wire surface clean
Finishing, to it alignment is carried out, and is weighed；
The Passivation Treatment of b, ferroalloy：Under atmospheric environment so that oxidative deactivation containing ferrous components in coating；
General in electrode coating to add one or more ferroalloy, especially basic electrode, the iron added in its coating is closed
Golden more, these ferroalloy powders, will interact during wet mixing with the free alkali in waterglass, can occur following anti-
Should：
The hydrolysis of waterglass：
Na2SiO3+2H2O=2NaOH+H2SiO3
Added ferrosilicon is because containing elemental silicon Si in coating, so：
Si+2NaOH+H2O=Na2SiO3+2H2↑
The reaction occurred between manganese and water also in coating：
Mn+2H2O=Mn (OH)2+H2↑
Above-mentioned generated reactive gas, are coating expansion, hardening etc., and these phenomenons have a strong impact on the quality of welding rod, make welding rod
Coating bubbles, and causes the welding rod for making to be scrapped.The generation of the phenomenon in order to avoid more than, reply ferroalloy is passivated process,
Deactivation method has nature deactivation method, dry method deactivation method, wet method deactivation method；The present invention is using the process of nature deactivation method；
The modulation of c, waterglass：5wt% methyl acrylates are added in 45 Baume degrees, the common waterglass of modulus M=2.9
Stirring, it is stand-by；During configuration waterglass, the running water of cleaning is needed, and never grease, dirt etc. are mixed into, and affect waterglass quality；
D, dispensing：Composition according to above-mentioned coating is weighed, stand-by；Make sure to keep in mind because weighed gravimetric value itself is less,
Experimental error is there may be, therefore must be weighed accurately, in order to avoid affect the quality of welding rod；
E, dry-mixed, wet mixing：The compositions of surfacing metal stirring mixing that Step d is obtained, is well mixed rear medicinal powder and a kind of color is presented,
And can not have block, granular, it is impossible to dry powder is spread out；The waterglass that step c is modulated is gradually added into again, is gently mixed, mix,
Till it can form dough, make coating have good plasticity and suitable stickiness, it is ensured that to be easy to mould, have preferably
Mobility, and be attached on securely around core wire, make coating that there is certain intensity；
F, welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicinal powder is coated in along core wire length direction by the core wire after a step process by hydraulic press
On, coating surface is smoothed, coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
G, drying：The welding rod that f steps are made hangs in atmosphere 24 hours, again 300～400 after its dry tack free
DEG C drying 1～2h, obtain final product.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, welding rod is in atmosphere wherein described in g steps
The temperature for hanging is 15～25 DEG C, and the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
The efficiency of welding rod is the problem of the particular importance in welding procedure reducing the expenses such as artificial and material.It is general to survey
Fix list of items：Nominal welding rod efficiency, actual welding rod efficiency, the welding base metal rate of recovery, deposition efficiency, deposition efficiency, to compare
The efficiency of welding rod.
Due to hydrogen controlled electrode mechanical property preferably and processing performance is poor, while usability of electrode can be determined mainly
In the composition of electrode coating, therefore, in order to preferably study in coating each composition and its proportioning to a certain of welding rod or some
The impact of performance, inventor has carried out research to compositions of surfacing metal and has found by many experiments, when the composition of electrode coating
In following scope, welding rod deposition performance is better than other proportionings：29～31 parts of marble；13～15 parts of fluorite；2～4 parts of ferrosilicon；
1.5～2.5 parts of titanium dioxide；1.5～2.5 parts of wood powder；14～16 parts of rutile；4～6 parts of feldspar powder；6～8 parts of silica flour；Mica
4～6 parts of powder；12～14 parts of titanium valve；39～41 parts of iron powder；Especially select 30 parts of marble；14 parts of fluorite；3 parts of ferrosilicon；Titanium white
2 parts of powder；2 parts of wood powder；15 parts of rutile；5 parts of feldspar powder；7 parts of silica flour；5 parts of mica powder；13 parts of titanium valve；40 parts of iron powder when
Wait, the hardness number of its welding rod for obtaining is big, and welding rod deposition efficiency is high.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, not therefore by present invention limit
System is among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1st, most representational several groups of experiments in many experiments are only have chosen below, to prove the welding rod of present invention selection
Coating recipe has higher deposition efficiency and hardness, and specific experiment step is as follows：
(1) core wire is processed：By preprepared H08A core wires (its chemical composition is shown in Table 1), with sand papering, directly
To core wire surface Ceng Guang is bright, alignment is carried out to it, and weighed；
H08A core wire chemical compositions (/wt%) of table 1
| Chemical composition | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr |
| Core wire H08A | ≤0.10 | ≤0.03 | 0.30～0.55 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 |
(2) Passivation Treatment of ferroalloy：Nature deactivation method is used, ferroalloy is aoxidized in an atmosphere；
(3) modulation of waterglass：In waterglass preparing pool, required concentration is deployed into, and by liquid soluble glass weight
Amount adds 0.25%～0.5% potassium permanganate, uses by stirring；
(3) dispensing：According to the coating recipe that table 2 has been developed, each composition in formula is weighed.Make sure to keep in mind because of itself
Weighed gravimetric value is less, it is understood that there may be experimental error, therefore must weigh accurately, in order to avoid affect the quality of welding rod；
(4) it is dry-mixed：Load weighted coating recipe is put into little basin, it is stirred with the core wire handled well until will
It is well mixed, and medicinal powder is presented a kind of color, and can not have block, granular, can not spread out in dry powder during stirring；
(5) wet mixing：Waterglass is gradually added into the medicinal powder for mixing, is gently mixed, be well mixed, until being formed
Till dough；
(6) welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicinal powder is coated in along core wire length direction by the core wire after a step process by hydraulic press
On, coating surface is smoothed, coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
(7) dry：By the welding rod made place 24h, be allowed to dry, it is desirable to temperature control at 15～25 DEG C, air
Relative humidity is 50%～55%, and the welding rod for drying is placed in drying baker, and 1～2 hour is dried at 350～400 DEG C.
The coating recipe for making is made into welding rod, according to experiment demand, per group of formula two is made respectively, and by each weldering
Bar is numbered, and numbering is followed successively by：ZP1、ZP2、ZP3、ZP4.
Coating component prescription in the welding rod of table 2
2nd, welding point Hardness Surveillance analysis
The sample of welding point hardness test should be intercepted by the method for machine cuts, be typically normal to welding point, and
And should be including all regions of welding point.By the numerical value obtained by experiment test weld hardness such as table 3 below：
The commissure hardness number (/HV) of table 3
| ZP1 | ZP2 | ZP3 | ZP4 | |
| 1 | 192.7 | 159.0 | 175.5 | 164.5 |
| 2 | 182.7 | 166.0 | 180.1 | 178.9 |
| 3 | 179.9 | 159.4 | 179.1 | 174.7 |
| 4 | 187.7 | 157.3 | 174.4 | 174.0 |
| Mean value | 185.8 | 160.4 | 177.3 | 173.0 |
Can be seen that from data in table 3, hardness number is maximum after the welding of ZP1 groups welding rod, and numerical fluctuations are less, the welding rod welding
Afterwards weld hardness is ideal
3rd, deposition efficiency test
Welding rod deposition efficiency to mean and form the quality of deposited metal after welding rod welding and melt the nominal mass of core wire
Ratio.It is well known that after welding rod fusing, the most of formation deposited metal in core wire, but during Welding Metallurgy, be accompanied by
Complicated redox reaction, Partial Elements are oxidized, scaling loss, into skull, therefore, the quality of core wire can not possibly be completely formed
Deposited metal, it is meant that deposition efficiency is difficult to reach 100%.But, as the coating of welding rod important component part, also can participate in
Welding Metallurgy react, equally, the ferroalloy contained in coating except play a part of protect motlten metal, also by section transitions to melt
In metallisation, it is improved deposition efficiency.With the raising of ferroalloy especially iron powder addition in coating, deposition efficiency phase
Should improve, the deposition efficiency of some high efficiency fe powder covered electrodes is even up to more than 200%.
Deposited metal amount is equal to the weight of mother metal and adds the welding rod weight melted during welding, then the weight for deducting slag.
The corresponding welding base metal weight of each welding rod of table 4
| Welding rod label | ZP1 | ZP2 | ZP3 | ZP4 |
| Weight (g) | 193.97 | 152.89 | 156.85 | 177.77 |
The welding rod of table 5 welding before and after and mother metal welding before and after weight
The welding of table 6 consumes core wire weight
| Welding rod label | ZP1 | ZP2 | ZP3 | ZP4 |
| Welding consumes core wire weight (g) | 7.595 | 7.905 | 8.432 | 8.215 |
It is as shown in table 7 below by calculating deposition efficiency：
The welding rod deposition efficiency of table 7
| Welding rod label | ZP1 | ZP2 | ZP3 | ZP4 |
| Deposition efficiency (%) | 134 | 114 | 110 | 121 |
Knowable to data in table 7, ZP1 group welding rod deposition efficiency highests illustrate that the composition welding rod utilization rate is high, iron in composition
Powder content improves the deposition efficiency of welding rod, and calcite and fluorite now is preferably also with the proportioning of iron powder.
In summary：ZP1 group welding rod deposition efficiency highests, have reached 134%；Hardness number is larger after the welding of ZP1 groups welding rod,
185.8 are reached, and numerical fluctuations are less, weld hardness is ideal after welding rod welding.
Claims (6)
1. high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode, is made up of core wire and the coating two parts being attached on core wire, it is characterised in that
The coating is made up of following parts by weight ingredient：
2. high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coating is by following weight portion
Into being grouped into：
3. high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：CaCO in the marble3
Content ＞ 97wt%, P≤0.037wt%, S≤0.037wt%；
CaF in the fluorite2Content ＞ 90wt%, the mesh of granularity 120；
Silicon in Ferrosilicon content >=the 75wt%；
Panxi Diqu anatase thpe white powder >=91.0wt% is adopted in the titanium dioxide；
The particle diameter of the wood powder is 80 mesh；
In the rutile rutile be synthetic rutile, the mesh of granularity 120；
The feldspar powder is fine albite in powder, and particle diameter is 800 mesh；
The silica flour particle diameter be 200 mesh, wherein silicone content >=99.7wt%, iron-holder be 80～100ppm, moisture≤
0.05wt%；
The mica powder be high temperature resistant mica powder, wherein SiO2Content is 44～50wt%, Al2O3Content is 20～33wt%, K2O
Content is 9～11wt%；
The titanium-iron powder selects FeTi30-A types, and wherein Ti contents are 25～35wt%, and Al content is 8wt%, and Si contents are
8wt%, Mn content is 2.5wt%；
Fe contents >=98wt% in the iron powder, P ＜ 0.03wt%, S ＜ 0.03wt%, hydrogen loss be 0.1～0.2wt%, particle diameter
For 120 mesh.
4. the preparation method of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode described in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that include
Following steps：
A, core wire process：Cleaning core wire surface rusty stain, greasy dirt, impurity, make the clean finishing in core wire surface；
The Passivation Treatment of b, ferroalloy：Under atmospheric environment so that oxidative deactivation containing ferrous components in coating；
The modulation of c, waterglass：The stirring of 5wt% methyl acrylates is added in waterglass, it is stand-by；
D, dispensing：Composition according to coating described in claim 1 or 2 is weighed, stand-by；
E, dry-mixed, wet mixing：The waterglass for adding step c to modulate after the compositions of surfacing metal that Step d is obtained is well mixed, stirring,
Mix, obtain wet mass medicinal powder；
F, welding rod compacting：Wet mass medicinal powder is coated on the core wire after a step process along core wire length direction by hydraulic press, is made
Coating surface smooths, and coating thickness is uniform, it is to avoid core wire packet header；
G, drying：The welding rod that f steps are made hangs in atmosphere 24 hours, again in 300～400 DEG C of bakings after its dry tack free
Dry 1～2h, obtains final product.
5. the preparation method of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The liquid water
The concentration of glass is 45 Baume degrees, modulus M=2.9.
6. the preparation method of high deposition rate low hydrogen type iron powder electrode according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Institute in f steps
It is 15～25 DEG C to state the temperature that welding rod hangs in atmosphere, and the relative humidity of air is 50%～55%.
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| CN102974958A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉铁锚焊接材料股份有限公司 | Welding rod matched with steel for hot galvanizing pot |
| CN103128463A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-05 | 西南石油大学 | Abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant iron-based amorphous surfacing welding electrode and manufacturing method thereof |
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| RU2102209C1 (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 1998-01-20 | Борис Васильевич Семендяев | Welding electrode |
| CN101108451A (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2008-01-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel slag system environment protection type low dust wire solder |
| CN102248329A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2011-11-23 | 天津市金桥焊材集团有限公司 | High-strength high-tenacity welding rod for E-grade cast steel repair welding |
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