CN107803608A - A kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107803608A
CN107803608A CN201711235471.0A CN201711235471A CN107803608A CN 107803608 A CN107803608 A CN 107803608A CN 201711235471 A CN201711235471 A CN 201711235471A CN 107803608 A CN107803608 A CN 107803608A
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stainless steel
raw material
steel electrode
martensite
precipitation
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CN201711235471.0A
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CN107803608B (en
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张亚平
刘玉双
田海成
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Wuhan Tiemiao Welding Materials Co Ltd
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Wuhan Tiemiao Welding Materials Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of welding materials, it is related to a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode, including core wire and the coating for being wrapped in the core wire surface, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that coating includes are as follows：Marble 20% 31%, fluorite 8% 14%, high potassium feldspar 6 8%, rutile 4% 8%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 4% 7%, electrolytic manganese 4% 6%, ferrotianium 3% 6%, ferro-boron 1.5% 3%, nickel powder 12% 15%, copper powder 7.5% 11%, crome metal 7.5% 9%, soda ash 0.5% 1%, rare earth fluoride 1% 3%.The preparation method of the martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention be by above-mentioned coating raw material it is well mixed after add special waterglass, pressed after stirring Tu on core wire surface, shine naturally dry in the air to coating it is stiff after dried again through 360 DEG C.The martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention can be used for the welding of 15 5PH steel.Martensite provided by the invention is hardened by precipitation stainless steel electrode and used and 15 5PH steel chemical composition identical Cr Ni Cu alloy systems, addition Ti, B alloying element, improvement weld structure, increase toughness, suitable for the welding of 15 5PH steel.

Description

A kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of welding materials, is related to a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode and its preparation side Method and application, more particularly to a kind of welding rod suitable for the welding of 15-5PH steel.
Background technology
Precipitation hardening type（PH）A pith comes from evolution reaction in the intensity of stainless steel.The advantages of PH steel is： The strength level close to high-tensile structural steel can be consolidated to, and remains in that good corrosion resistance.This kind of steel dosage is few, adds Work process is complicated, typically higher than other types stainless steel application cost.It is most commonly used to what those high strength construction steels can not meet, It is required that the place of corrosion resistance.Martensite type PH steel 15-5PH is almost all mutually changed into martensite in cooled and solidified process, is applicable Maintenance and maintenance in the industries such as Aero-Space, part manufacture high pressure valve and equipment position easy to wear.
Martensite PH steel has good weldability, can be welded under solid solution/timeliness and any state of overaging Connect, and without preheating before welding, postwelding is without slow cooling, and weld dimensions are also all without cracking.But if it is required that etc. Strength weld joints, then must just be used when welding also needs to re-start with mother metal chemical composition identical packing material, postwelding Solid solution and aging strengthening model.To limit the softening and segregation of joint, when using fusion welding method welding martensite PH steel, it is necessary to tight Lattice limit the input of heat input.Because carbon content is low, thus the problem of hydrogen induced cracking is not present, but still recommendation low hydrogen Welding method, ensure the crack resistance of welding point.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of precipitation-hardening of martensite not Become rusty steel electrode and its preparation method and application, using with 15-5PH steel chemical composition identical Cr-Ni-Cu alloy systems, add Ti, B alloying element, the mechanical property of weld seam can be so made under same heat treating regime close to mother metal.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that stainless steel electrode, including weldering is hardened by precipitation in a kind of martensite Core and the coating for being wrapped in the core wire surface, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Greatly Reason stone 20%-31%, fluorite 8%-14%, high potassium feldspar 6-8%, rutile 4%-8%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 4%-7%, electrolytic manganese 4%-6%, Ferrotianium 3%-6%, ferro-boron 1.5%-3%, nickel powder 12%-15%, copper powder 7.5%-11%, crome metal 7.5%-9%, soda ash 0.5%-1%, fluorination Rare earth 1%-3%.
Preferably, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Marble 31%, fluorite 14%, high potassium feldspar 8%, rutile 4%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 4%, electrolytic manganese 6%, ferrotianium 3%, ferro-boron 1.5%, nickel powder 12%, copper powder 7.5%, crome metal 7.5%, soda ash 0.5%, rare earth fluoride 1%.
Preferably, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Marble 26%, fluorite 10%, high potassium feldspar 7%, rutile 6.5%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 4%, electrolytic manganese 4.5%, ferrotianium 6%, ferro-boron 2%, nickel powder 14%, copper powder 8.2%, crome metal 8%, soda ash 0.8%, rare earth fluoride 2%.
Preferably, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Marble 20%%, fluorite 8%%, high potassium feldspar 6%, rutile 8%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 7%, electrolytic manganese 4%, ferrotianium 5%, ferro-boron 3%, nickel powder 15%, copper powder 11%, Crome metal 9%, soda ash 1%, rare earth fluoride 3%.
Further, the core wire is 1Cr13 stainless steel core wires.
The preparation method of this martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention, above-mentioned coating raw material is well mixed After add special waterglass, Tu is pressed after stirring on core wire surface, shine naturally dry in the air to coating it is stiff after dried again through 360 DEG C It is dry.
A diameter of 4mm of the core wire, the welding rod use a diameter of 6.35mm plug die.
This martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention can be used for the welding of 15-5PH steel.
15-5PH steel is welded using this martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention under solid solution condition Connect, do not preheat during welding, road temperature is 80 DEG C -90 DEG C, welding current 130A-140A；After welding, in 950 DEG C of solution treatment 1h Air cooling afterwards, air cooling after 480 DEG C of timeliness 1h.
The design principle of coating recipe is as follows in the martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode of the present invention：
Marble：Mainly play slag making, gas making.When addition is less than 20%, blow force of arc is small, protective effect deficiency；Addition During more than 31%, molten drop is thick, and sleeve is deep, and usability of electrode is poor.Therefore, it is 20%-31% to control marmorean addition.
Fluorite：The fusing point of slag, and effective dehydrogenation can be reduced, while can also make electric arc unstable, therefore in the present invention The addition for controlling fluorite is 8%-14%.
High potassium feldspar：The content of high Potassium in K Feldspar element is high, and there is good stabilising arc to act on.High potassium feldspar is as acid Slag former, cooperated with calcite and fluorite, reconcile the physical property of molten slag, while droplet size can be refined, stable electricity Arc, it is 6%-8% to control high potassium feldspar addition.
Rutile：TiO2It is the main component to form welding slag.Add TiO2The stable electric arc in welding can be caused, Spatter is reduced, improves slag spreadability and the removability of slag.In addition, TiO2Slag fluidity can be improved, make all-position welding Operation becomes convenient and easily grasped.Addition is few, and rutile effect unobvious, addition is too high, increases the field trash in weld seam, drop The mechanical property of low joint.Therefore, the addition for controlling rutile is 4%-8%.
45# is passivated ferrosilicon：Deoxidier, alloying agent.Deoxidation forms SiO2, as a part for slag, can reconcile molten The viscosity of slag.Simultaneously to the appropriate Si elements of weld seam transition.Content is very few, deoxidation deficiency；Too high levels, toughness, plasticity can drop It is low.Therefore, it is 4%-7% to control addition.
Electrolytic manganese：Deoxidier, alloying constituent.Cooperate, improve the efficiency of deoxidation.The Mn that transition is appropriate into weld seam is closed Gold.
Ferrotianium：Deoxidier, alloying.Ti in ferrotianium is mainly used in deoxidation, but still has part to be arrived as alloy transition In weld seam.Ti, B cooperate, crystal grain thinning, increase welding seam toughness.Ferrotianium has the function that to stablize electric arc simultaneously.Content is few, Act on unobvious；Content is high, reduces joint low-temperature impact toughness, and therefore, content is controlled in 3%-6%.
Rare earth fluoride：Rare earth has strong deoxidation and goes S ability, and the suction-operated to hydrogen is also very big, can also change The form of kind field trash and distribution, improve anti-crack ability.Consider production cost and rare earth utilization rate, addition 1-3%.
Ni is main alloy element in martensitic precipitation, and it is except making steel have single-phase Austria in high temperature Outside family name's body tissue, also promote to reverse thickening resulting martensite that there is good plasticity.Ni is martensitic precipitation hardening stainless It is also the alloying element for causing dispersion-strengtherning in steel.But add Ni it is too many when, substantial amounts of retained austenite can be retained after solid solution. According to the composition of 15-5PH steel, limitation Ni additions 12%-15%.
Cu formed in weld seam intermetallic compound hardening constituent after timeliness Precipitation and Dispersed precipitate in martensite On matrix, intensity is set further to improve.But Cu is also strong pyrogenicity crackle element.Therefore, Cu additions 7.5%- is limited 11%。
Alloying elements cr can form the oxide-film of densification, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of steel.According to 15-5PH steel into Point, limitation Cr additions are 7.5%-9%.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode provided by the invention uses and 15-5PH steel chemical composition identicals Cr-Ni- Cu alloy systems, Ti, B alloying element are added, improve weld structure, increase toughness, welded suitable for 15-5PH steel.
(2) martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode provided by the invention strictly limits containing for impurity content, especially S Amount, HOT CRACK FOR WELDING P sensitiveness are low.
(3) appropriate arc stabilizer is added in the coating recipe of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode provided by the invention, it is small The excellent in stability of electric arc when being welded under current standard.
(4) welding technological properties of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode provided by the invention is excellent, and N, O, S, P etc. are miscellaneous Matter content is few, meets requirement, and the industry such as high pressure valve and equipment position easy to wear are manufactured suitable for Aero-Space, part Maintenance and maintenance.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation Example only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is common based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area All other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects Enclose.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode, including core wire and is wrapped in the core wire The coating on surface, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Marble 20%-31%, fluorite 8%- 14%, high potassium feldspar 6-8%, rutile 4%-8%, 45# passivation ferrosilicon 4%-7%, electrolytic manganese 4%-6%, ferrotianium 3%-6%, ferro-boron 1.5%- 3%, nickel powder 12%-15%, copper powder 7.5%-11%, crome metal 7.5%-9%, soda ash 0.5%-1%, rare earth fluoride 1%-3%.
The chemical composition of weld metal is consistent with mother metal, so under same heat treating regime, makes the mechanical property of weld seam Close to mother metal.In order to prevent the generation of the weld defects such as crackle, slag inclusion, hydrogen embrittlement, the welding rod strictly limits the impurity such as N, H, O, S, P Content；Phosphorus content is less than mother metal, and adds the alloying element of the appropriate crystal grain thinning such as Ti, B, can improve weld structure, carry High cracking resistance, increase toughness；In order to limit the generation of austenite sugar in converes instruction and weld metal in heat affected area, subtract Few segregation and crackle, small current welding specification is used during welding, adds appropriate arc stabilizer in coating recipe, it is possible to achieve low current The stabilization of electric arc under specification.
This martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode provided by the invention can be used for the welding of 15-5PH steel.The present invention Offer martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode use with 15-5PH steel chemical composition identical Cr-Ni-Cu alloy systems, add Enter Ti, B alloying element, improve weld structure, increase toughness, welded suitable for 15-5PH steel.
Soldering test uses 15-5PH steel with mother metal in the present invention, is welded under solid solution condition.For limit reversed Austenite produces, and does not preheat during welding, 80 DEG C -90 DEG C of road temperature, welding current：130A-140A（Core diameter is 4.0mm）, weldering After carry out being dissolved+Ageing Treatment.Heat treating regime is：Air cooling after 950 DEG C of solution treatment 1h, air cooling after 480 DEG C of timeliness 1h.15- 5PH steel chemical compositions are shown in Table 1.
The core wire of martensite precipitation-hardening welding rod uses 1Cr13 stainless steel core wires.
Special waterglass is added after coating raw material is well mixed according to formula to stir, and Tu is pressed in core wire by hydraulic press On, natural environment dry to coating it is stiff after, be put into drying plant carry out 360 DEG C drying two hours.The weldering of this welding rod Core diameter is 4mm, using a diameter of 6.35mm plug die.
Electrode coating chemical component weight percentage is shown in Table 2.
The deposited metal composition test of welding rod prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, as a result Such as table 3.
The deposited metal Mechanics Performance Testing of welding rod prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3, as a result such as table 4.Strict limit The content of impurity element, especially S content in weld seam processed, reduce welding hot crack tendency.
The banjo fixing butt jointing mechanical property of welding rod prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1,2,3, as a result such as table 5.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.

Claims (9)

1. stainless steel electrode, including core wire and the coating for being wrapped in the core wire surface, its feature is hardened by precipitation in a kind of martensite It is, the raw material and the mass percent of each raw material that the coating includes are as follows：Marble 20%-31%, fluorite 8%-14% are high Potassium feldspar 6-8%, rutile 4%-8%, 45# are passivated ferrosilicon 4%-7%, electrolytic manganese 4%-6%, ferrotianium 3%-6%, ferro-boron 1.5%-3%, nickel Powder 12%-15%, copper powder 7.5%-11%, crome metal 7.5%-9%, soda ash 0.5%-1%, rare earth fluoride 1%-3%.
2. a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that what the coating included The mass percent of raw material and each raw material is as follows：Marble 31%, fluorite 14%, high potassium feldspar 8%, rutile 4%, 45# passivation Ferrosilicon 4%, electrolytic manganese 6%, ferrotianium 3%, ferro-boron 1.5%, nickel powder 12%, copper powder 7.5%, crome metal 7.5%, soda ash 0.5%, rare earth fluoride 1%。
3. a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that what the coating included The mass percent of raw material and each raw material is as follows：Marble 26%, fluorite 10%, high potassium feldspar 7%, rutile 6.5%, 45# is blunt SiClx iron 4%, electrolytic manganese 4.5%, ferrotianium 6%, ferro-boron 2%, nickel powder 14%, copper powder 8.2%, crome metal 8%, soda ash 0.8%, rare earth fluoride 2%。
4. a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that what the coating included The mass percent of raw material and each raw material is as follows：Marble 20%%, fluorite 8%%, high potassium feldspar 6%, rutile 8%, 45# passivation Ferrosilicon 7%, electrolytic manganese 4%, ferrotianium 5%, ferro-boron 3%, nickel powder 15%, copper powder 11%, crome metal 9%, soda ash 1%, rare earth fluoride 3%.
5. a kind of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the core wire is 1Cr13 stainless steel core wires.
6. the preparation method of the martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as described in claim 1-5 any one, its feature exist In：Special waterglass is added after above-mentioned coating raw material is well mixed, presses Tu to shine and dry in the air naturally on core wire surface after stirring To coating it is stiff after again through 360 DEG C drying.
7. the preparation method of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The core wire A diameter of 4mm, the welding rod use a diameter of 6.35mm plug die.
8. the application of the martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterised in that：Institute State the welding that welding rod is used for 15-5PH steel.
9. the application of martensite precipitation-hardening stainless steel electrode as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：Under solid solution condition 15-5PH steel is welded using the welding rod, not preheated during welding, road temperature is 80 DEG C -90 DEG C, welding current 130A- 140A；After welding, the air cooling after 950 DEG C of solution treatment 1h, air cooling after 480 DEG C of timeliness 1h.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110293287A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-01 安徽马钢工程技术集团有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of superhigh intensity precipitation-hardening stainless steel
CN112404788A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-26 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 Novel martensite heat-resistant steel G115 matched welding rod for power station and preparation method thereof
CN112496592A (en) * 2020-11-14 2021-03-16 北京工业大学 15-5PH martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel metal-cored welding wire
CN113510340A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-10-19 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 Welding and postweld heat treatment process method for martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel material
CN115194364A (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-18 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 Hydrogen-resistant sulfide ultralow-hydrogen low-sulfur welding rod

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110293287A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-01 安徽马钢工程技术集团有限公司 A kind of welding procedure of superhigh intensity precipitation-hardening stainless steel
CN110293287B (en) * 2019-07-16 2021-06-22 安徽马钢工程技术集团有限公司 Welding process of ultrahigh-strength precipitation hardening stainless steel
CN112496592A (en) * 2020-11-14 2021-03-16 北京工业大学 15-5PH martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel metal-cored welding wire
CN112404788A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-26 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 Novel martensite heat-resistant steel G115 matched welding rod for power station and preparation method thereof
CN115194364A (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-18 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 Hydrogen-resistant sulfide ultralow-hydrogen low-sulfur welding rod
CN115194364B (en) * 2021-04-13 2024-01-26 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 Hydrogen and sulfide resistant ultralow hydrogen and low sulfur welding rod
CN113510340A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-10-19 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 Welding and postweld heat treatment process method for martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel material
CN113510340B (en) * 2021-08-10 2022-06-14 哈尔滨电气动力装备有限公司 Welding and postweld heat treatment process method for martensite precipitation hardening stainless steel material

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