CN106623919A - Powder preheating device for laser selective melting equipment and preheating method thereof - Google Patents
Powder preheating device for laser selective melting equipment and preheating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106623919A CN106623919A CN201610871715.3A CN201610871715A CN106623919A CN 106623919 A CN106623919 A CN 106623919A CN 201610871715 A CN201610871715 A CN 201610871715A CN 106623919 A CN106623919 A CN 106623919A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a powder preheating device for laser selective melting equipment. The powder preheating device for the laser selective melting equipment comprises N heating layers distributed in the height direction of a forming cylinder body. Each heating layer is arranged by means of the method that the side face of the forming cylinder body is encircled by a plurality of heating units by one circle. According to the powder preheating device for the laser selective melting equipment, the multiple heating units are arranged, each heating unit is embedded in the side face of the forming cylinder body, and thus heat transferring efficiency is higher. According to a control method for the powder temperature of the laser selective melting equipment, the heating temperatures TN of the heating units in each layer vary with the layer number of the heating units; the heating temperature T'N of a heating plate below a base plate of the bottom of the forming cylinder body ceaselessly varies with changing of the current printing height of a part; and the heating temperatures of the heating units in the same layer are the same, once the preheating device is opened, the temperature tends to be constant, and control of the temperature is simplified.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to selective laser melting unit powder preheating technology field, and in particular to a kind of molten for selective laser
Change equipment powder preheating device, also setting up carries out the control method of selective laser melting unit powder temperature using the device.
Background technology
Selective laser fusing SLM is a kind of method of metalwork straight forming, is the latest development of rapid shaping technique.Should
Most basic thought of the technology based on rapid shaping, i.e. " increment " manufacture of successively cladding, according to three-dimensional CAD model directly into
Type has the part of geometry in particular, and metal dust is completely melt in forming process, produces metallurgical binding.Added using traditional machine
The complicated metal parts of shape and structure that work means cannot be manufactured, be rapid laser-shaping technique application Main way it
One.
The residual stress produced because of uneven temperature field in order to improve material forming process, conventional method be pair plus
The good drip molding of work carries out subsequent heat treatment, and such part can then experience and first cool down the process for heating up afterwards.However, in above-mentioned cooling
During, situations such as there is deformation, warpage and even ftractures in structure that inside parts are likely to occur Stress Release and cause to process,
The risk of substandard products, waste product is produced in increasing.Most of all, situations such as deformation, warpage are even ftractureed is often in part forming mistake
Just occur in journey, this kind of method is controlled internal stress in forming process due to lacking, and can not be tackled the problem at its root.
Propose before processing for this case and the pre-heat treatment is carried out to shaped region in process, in the molten of material
Play a part of preheating and slow cooling in change-process of setting, reduced by the regulation to temperature field and even eliminate in process
Internal stress.Treating method in contemporary literature and patent is grouped as entering trip temperature in shaped region bottom addition heater mostly
The regulation and control of field, maximum heating temperature is up to 900 DEG C.Additionally, Application No. 201510987779.5, Publication No. 105499569,
Publication date is 2016.04.20, a kind of entitled temperature field active control system and its control for high energy beam increasing material manufacturing
Method processed, proposes the active temperature control system and temperature-controlled process based on dot matrix layout, but the purpose of this method is
Make the temperature field of whole machining area constant in the forming process of part, so as to reduce part forming during internal stress.
Conventional underlayer heating technique depends on the conduction of heat between powder and part, and its drawback is to be only capable of the bottom of by
Portion's heating is unidirectionally preheated, and its pre-heat effect constantly declines with the increase of forming height, causes machined layer powder to preheat
It is insufficient；In addition, during part forming, the cooling of part adopts natural cooling, and part cooling is uncontrollable, so that part
It is possible to deformation, warpage and cracking occur in two stages of processing and cooling.
The heating chamber that part levels off to constant temperature in one in process is caused based on dot matrix active temperature control system
Interior, this high degree reduces the possibility that internal residual stress during part forming is excessively concentrated.But, the technical scheme knot
Configuration formula is excessively complicated, substantial amounts of to arrange the structure chi that hot spot and point for measuring temperature do not require nothing more than heating element heater and temperature element itself
It is very little little, and single-point control also requires increasingly complex and accurate response control system.Additionally, being based on dot matrix active temperature control
System still uses the scheme that tradition is heated from formation cylinder outer wall, i.e. the heat of heating unit generation is needed through whole
Individual formation cylinder wall thickness just can be reached inside formation cylinder, and the temperature of temperature element measurement is also formation cylinder outside wall surface temperature and
The actual temperature of metal dust in non-shaped cylinder.Finally, complicated temperature-controlling system is requisite greatly increases plant maintenance
Workload, or even occur that temperature-controlling system prints brought maintenance loss more than device core.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of be used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, the pre- hot charging of the powder
The heat transfer efficiency put is high.
Further object is that a kind of control method for selective laser melting unit powder temperature is provided,
Using the control that this process simplify temperature.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind is used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, including edge
N number of zone of heating of formation cylinder body height directional spreding, each zone of heating is by several heating units around formation cylinder body side
Arrange within one week.
Of the invention the characteristics of, also resides in,
N number of zone of heating is embedded in formation cylinder main body, and N number of zone of heating is integrally formed with formation cylinder main body.
The operating temperature of heating unit is consistent in each zone of heating, and the operating temperature in N number of zone of heating is along formation cylinder
From top to bottom successively constant gradient reduces short transverse.
Also include being located at the heating plate below the formation cylinder bottom part body substrate.
The heating-up temperature of heating plate reduces with the increase of part forming height.
Heating plate is connected with centralised temperature controller.
Several heating units are connected with centralised temperature controller.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is：A kind of control for selective laser melting unit powder temperature
Method, using a kind of selective laser melting unit powder preheating device is used for, and is comprised the following steps；
Step 1, base material is arranged on formation cylinder substrate, opens heating plate, the temperature of heating plate is set as T0, T0For powder
Last preheating temperature；
Step 2, note along N number of zone of heating that formation cylinder short transverse is distributed from top to bottom be followed successively by the first zone of heating, second
Zone of heating ... .., N zones of heating, in formation cylinder substrate from the bottom mistake of the top movements to formation cylinder main body of formation cylinder main body
Cheng Zhong, each zone of heating is successively opened successively, and when formation cylinder substrate motion is to a certain zone of heating, the heating unit of correspondence zone of heating is opened
Open, and the zone of heating above the zone of heating keeps it turned on, until part is printed completing, the heating of every layer of heating unit
Temperature TNDetermine according to formula (1),
TN=T0-(N-1)ΔT (1)
In formula (1), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T is zone of heating thermograde difference set in advance, and N is the layer
The number of plies；
As part currently prints the change of height, heating-up temperature T of the heating plate below formation cylinder substrate 'NConstantly become
Change, determine according to formula (2),
T’N=T0-HnΔT’ (2)
In formula (2), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T ' is temperature of heating plate gradient difference value set in advance, and Hn is zero
Part currently prints height.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：One kind is for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device by arranging several
Heating unit, outer end is without the need for any insulation and cooling body, and simple structure and easy to maintenance is more practical.Additionally, comparing existing
Device, each heating unit of the invention is embedded in the side of formation cylinder main body so that heat transfer efficiency is higher.One kind is used for
The control method of selective laser melting unit powder temperature, the heating unit heats temperature of same layer is all identical, once and open
Temperature tends to constant, this simplifies the control of temperature.Without the need for temp measuring system, the main body temperature field distribution of formation cylinder only depends on gold
The heat transfer of category powder and part.Finally, the side layering of formation cylinder main body arranges heating unit, makes formation cylinder body interior shape
Into a stable thermograde, part parallel practice Slow cooling in print procedure is enable, reduce inside parts stress
Concentrate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional view for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that temperature control system is shown in a kind of control method for selective laser melting unit powder temperature of the present invention
It is intended to.
In figure：1. heating unit, 2. formation cylinder main body, 3. heating plate.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in detail；
The present invention one kind be used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including along into
5 zones of heating of the short transverse of shape cylinder main body 2 distribution, each zone of heating is by 4 heating units 1 around the side of formation cylinder main body 2
Arrange within one week；
5 zones of heating are embedded in formation cylinder main body 2, and 5 zones of heating are integrally formed with formation cylinder main body 2；
The operating temperature of heating unit 1 is consistent in each zone of heating, and the operating temperature in N number of zone of heating is along formation cylinder
From top to bottom successively constant gradient reduces short transverse；
Also include being located at the heating plate 3 below the bottom substrate of formation cylinder main body 2；
The heating-up temperature of heating plate 3 reduces with the increase of part forming height；
Heating plate 3 is connected with centralised temperature controller；
4 heating units 1 are connected with centralised temperature controller.
A kind of control method for selective laser melting unit powder temperature, is set using a kind of for selective laser fusing
Standby powder preheating device, as shown in figure 3, comprising the following steps；
Step 1, base material is arranged on formation cylinder substrate, opens heating plate 3, the temperature of heating plate 3 is set as T0, T0For
Powder preheating temperature；
Step 2, note along N number of zone of heating that formation cylinder short transverse is distributed from top to bottom be followed successively by the first zone of heating, second
Zone of heating ... .., N zones of heating, in formation cylinder substrate from the bottom of the top movements to formation cylinder main body 2 of formation cylinder main body 2
During, each zone of heating is successively opened successively, and when forming board moves to a certain zone of heating, the heating unit of correspondence zone of heating is opened
Open, and the zone of heating above the zone of heating keeps it turned on, until part is printed completing, the heating of every layer of heating unit
Temperature TNDetermine according to formula (1),
TN=T0-(N-1)ΔT (1)
In formula (1), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T is zone of heating thermograde difference set in advance, and N is the layer
The number of plies；
As part currently prints the change of height, the heating-up temperature of the heating plate 3 below the bottom substrate of formation cylinder main body 2
T’NIt is continually changing, determines according to formula 2,
T’N=T0-HnΔT’ (2)
In formula (2), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T ' is temperature of heating plate gradient difference value set in advance, and Hn is zero
Part currently prints height；
Zone of heating thermograde difference DELTA T, powder preheating temperature T of the centralised temperature controller according to setting0And in real time
The part of acquisition currently prints height Hn, provides the temperature value of different heating unit 1 and heating plate 3, and heating unit is according in
Temperature controller given temperature in centre vertically sets the temperature of each hot spot.
One kind of the present invention is used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device by arranging several heating units 1,
Outer end is without the need for any insulation and cooling body, and simple structure and easy to maintenance is more practical.Additionally, existing device is compared, this
Invent the side that each heating unit 1 is embedded in formation cylinder main body 2 so that heat transfer efficiency is higher.It is a kind of to select for laser
The control method of area's melting unit powder temperature, the heating-up temperature of heating unit 1 of same layer is all identical, once and open temperature become
In constant, the control of temperature is this simplifies.Without the need for temp measuring system, thermo parameters method only depends on metal powder in formation cylinder main body 2
End and the heat transfer of part.Finally, the side layering of formation cylinder main body 2 arranges heating unit 1, makes the inside shape of formation cylinder main body 2
Into a stable thermograde, part parallel practice Slow cooling in print procedure is enable, reduce inside parts stress
Concentrate.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of to be used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that to include along formation cylinder main body (2) height
N number of zone of heating of directional spreding, each zone of heating is arranged for one week by several heating units (1) around formation cylinder main body (2) side.
2. it is as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that the N
Individual zone of heating is embedded in formation cylinder main body (2), and N number of zone of heating is integrally formed with formation cylinder main body (2).
3. it is as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that institute
The operating temperature for stating heating unit (1) in each zone of heating is consistent, and the operating temperature in N number of zone of heating is along formation cylinder height
From top to bottom successively constant gradient reduces in direction.
4. it is as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that also
Including the heating plate (3) below formation cylinder main body (2) bottom substrate.
5. it is as claimed in claim 4 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that described to add
The heating-up temperature of hot plate (3) reduces with the increase of part forming height.
6. it is as claimed in claim 4 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that described to add
Hot plate (3) is connected with centralised temperature controller.
7. it is as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that if described
A dry heating unit (1) is connected with centralised temperature controller.
8. a kind of control method for selective laser melting unit powder temperature, is used using one kind as claimed in claim 4
In selective laser melting unit powder preheating device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps；
Step 1, base material is arranged on formation cylinder substrate, opens heating plate (3), the temperature of heating plate (3) is set as T0, T0For
Powder preheating temperature；
Step 2, note are followed successively by the first zone of heating, the second heating along N number of zone of heating that formation cylinder short transverse is distributed from top to bottom
Layer ... .., N zones of heating, in formation cylinder substrate from the bottom of the top movements to formation cylinder main body (2) of formation cylinder main body (2)
During, each zone of heating is successively opened successively, and when forming board moves to a certain zone of heating, the heating unit of correspondence zone of heating is opened
Open, and the zone of heating above the zone of heating keeps it turned on, until part is printed completing, the heating of every layer of heating unit
Temperature TNDetermine according to formula (1),
TN=T0-(N-1)ΔT (1)
In formula (1), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T is zone of heating thermograde difference set in advance, and N is the layer of this layer
Number；
As part currently prints the change of height, the heating-up temperature of the heating plate (3) below formation cylinder main body (2) bottom substrate
T’NIt is continually changing, determines according to formula (2),
T’N=T0-HnΔT’ (2)
In formula (2), T0For powder preheating temperature, Δ T ' is temperature of heating plate gradient difference value set in advance, and Hn is that part is current
Print height.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610871715.3A CN106623919B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | One kind being used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device and its pre-heating mean |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610871715.3A CN106623919B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | One kind being used for selective laser melting unit powder preheating device and its pre-heating mean |
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| CN106623919A true CN106623919A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106623919B CN106623919B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN113165266A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | Additive manufacturing system |
| CN113618084A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Powder bed additive manufacturing system and powder bed additive manufacturing method |
| CN114406288A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-04-29 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Control method for graded preheating of powder bed and additive manufacturing device |
| CN114505501A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心 | Real-time heat treatment system and method for selective laser melting forming process |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106623919B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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