CN106622974B

CN106622974B - Fresh tea leaf winnowing feeder

Info

Publication number: CN106622974B
Application number: CN201611103271.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏旭东; 孙良; 何华锋; 肖达度; 叶阳; 陈建能
Original assignee: Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU; Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU; Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2016-12-05
Filing date: 2016-12-05
Publication date: 2022-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-05
Also published as: CN106622974A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh tea leaf winnowing feeder. The sorting effect of the existing tea winnowing machine is not ideal enough. The transition hopper is arranged at the bottom of the output end of the climbing conveyor; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged below the transition hopper; the rotating shaft is positioned above the conveying belt of the conveying belt mechanism and is driven by a direct-current speed reducing motor; a plurality of S-shaped soft strip brushes are fixed on the rotating shaft; the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor are fixed on the conveying frame from top to bottom; the fan is arranged at the air inlet of the airflow channel; the filter screen is fixed at the air outlet of the airflow channel; the discharge hoppers are arranged along the airflow channel in a clinging manner, and two sides of the tops of the discharge hoppers and two guide rails on two sides of the discharge port respectively form sliding pairs; and the bottom of each discharge hopper is provided with a storage box. According to the invention, three photoelectric sensors are adopted to monitor the congestion condition of fresh tea leaves, and the conveying speeds of the climbing conveyor and the conveying belt are adjusted in time through the control box, so that the high efficiency and the order of the winnowing process are ensured.

Description

Fresh tea leaf winnowing feeder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tea machinery, relates to a fresh tea leaf sorting machine, and particularly relates to an intelligent and efficient fresh tea leaf winnowing and feeding machine.

Background

Fresh tea leaves are the material basis of the quality of tea leaves, and the quality of the fresh tea leaf raw material basically determines the quality of the tea leaves. With the continuous promotion of the mechanization and industrialization process of tea industry, the increasing shortage of labor force and the continuous rising of labor cost, the mechanization picking of fresh tea leaves gradually replaces the traditional manual picking in order to adapt to the large-scale processing of tea leaves. Because the fresh leaves picked mechanically are old and tender and mixed, have different qualities, can not directly process famous tea, and the manual separation of tea takes a long time, has low efficiency and high cost. The research adopts a fresh leaf grader to ensure the quality of processing the fresh leaves of the famous and high-quality tea, and the economic benefit of tea production can be greatly improved.

The currently used fresh tea leaf grading machine in China mainly comprises a drum screen type, a plane vibration screen type, a throwing type, a winnowing type and the like.

Drum screen classifier: throw into the cylinder with fresh leaf raw materials from the pan feeding mouth in, through rotatory cylinder, come out from the sieve mesh hole of difference according to the size of bud leaf to divide into different grades, this kind of sorting efficiency is not high, and bud leaf is broken, is mixed and old stalk old leaf is too much.

The vibrating screen type grader is characterized in that the screen mesh moves synchronously when the supporting plate moves, so that part of fresh tea leaves on the screen mesh fall to a next layer through the screen mesh in the moving process, the size grading purpose of the fresh tea leaves is realized, the fresh tea leaves are easy to damage, the screen hanging phenomenon is obvious, and the grading efficiency is low.

The throwing type fresh tea leaf classifier is characterized in that a motor drives a crankshaft to rotate through a belt, the crankshaft transmits motion to a rocker through a connecting rod, and the rocker finally drives a classifying groove body to reciprocate. Grading operation can be carried out by changing the aperture of the screen mesh on the groove body, and the defect that the grading operation is greatly influenced by the leaf feeding amount and the vibration frequency is overcome.

The winnowing type is that the tea leaves with light weight can fly far with wind after being acted by wind power according to different sizes of the relative density and the wind bearing surface of the tea leaves; the heavy tea has strong wind resistance and the falling point is close to the wind generation position, so that the raw materials and fragments with different sizes in the tea can be separated, but the heavy tea is only suitable for dried tea (namely the finished tea). If the leaf throwing amount of the winnowing machine is large, a plurality of buds and leaves fall in an overlapping mode, and the phenomenon that the small buds and leaves are not separated can occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing tea winnowing machine, and provides a fresh tea leaf winnowing and feeding machine which comprises a photoelectric sensor, a leaf homogenizing device and a climbing conveyer belt for uniformly homogenizing leaves.

The invention comprises a feed hopper device, a climbing conveyor, a control device, a transition hopper, a fan, a control box, a winnowing box, a discharge hopper and a storage box; the transition hopper is arranged at the bottom of the output end of the climbing conveyor and is fixed on the main bracket. The control device comprises a direct-current speed reducing motor, a conveyor belt mechanism, a first photoelectric sensor, a second photoelectric sensor, a third photoelectric sensor, an S-shaped soft strip brush, a rotating shaft support, a conveyor belt motor and an upright post; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the conveying frame and is driven by a conveying belt motor; the conveying frame is arranged below the transition hopper and is fixed on the main bracket; the rotating shaft is positioned above the conveying belt of the conveying belt mechanism, and two ends of the rotating shaft and two upright posts on two sides of the conveying belt mechanism form a rotating pair through a rotating shaft support respectively; the axial direction of the rotating shaft is vertical to the transmission direction of the conveyor belt; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with an output shaft of the direct current speed reducing motor; a plurality of S-shaped soft strip brushes are fixed on the rotating shaft at equal intervals; the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor respectively comprise a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor are equidistantly fixed on the other two stand columns on the two sides of the conveyor belt from top to bottom; the upright post is fixed on the conveying frame; the rotating shaft is closer to the output end of the conveying belt than the three photoelectric sensors; the receiving end signals of the three photoelectric sensors are all output to the control box.

The winnowing box comprises a flow baffle, an observation mirror, a filter screen, a winnowing box frame and an airflow channel. The air separation box frame is fixed on the main bracket, and the airflow channel is fixed on the air separation box frame; the side surface of the airflow channel is provided with an observation mirror; a flow baffle is arranged at one side of the feed inlet of the airflow channel, which is close to the air outlet; the fan is arranged at the air inlet of the airflow channel and is fixed on the seat plate; the feeding port of the airflow channel is positioned above the air inlet; the seat board is connected with an adjusting groove which is arranged along the vertical direction of the main bracket through a bolt; the filter screen is fixed at the air outlet of the airflow channel; a discharge port of the airflow channel is communicated with the airflow channel, and two guide rails are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the discharge port; the discharge hoppers are arranged along the airflow channel in a clinging manner, and two sides of the top of each discharge hopper and the two guide rails respectively form sliding pairs; and the bottom of each discharge hopper is provided with a storage box.

The climbing conveyor comprises a climbing conveying motor, a climbing conveying belt, a tensioning device, a transmission roller and a carrier roller; a plurality of carrier rollers are hinged on the climbing support frame at intervals, and a transmission roller is sleeved on the carrier rollers; the climbing conveyer belt is sleeved on all the transmission rollers; the tensioning device tensions the climbing conveyer belt; the climbing conveying motor drives one of the carrier rollers; the climbing conveyer belt is provided with a plurality of transverse partition plates which are fully distributed on the whole climbing conveyer belt and tightly attached to the whole climbing conveyer belt.

The feed hopper device comprises a feed hopper and a material control plate; the feed hopper is fixedly arranged at the top of the input end of the climbing conveyor; both sides of the bottom of the feed hopper are provided with guide grooves, and the material control plates are embedded into the guide grooves.

A material control plate is embedded in a guide groove formed in the bottom of the discharge hopper.

The soft strip brush of S type adopt the PU material.

The distance between the third photoelectric sensor and the top surface of the conveyor belt mechanism is 8-12 mm.

The flow baffle is arc-shaped.

The control box judges whether the fresh tea leaves are blocked according to receiving end signals of the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor, and then controls the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyer belt motor: if the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor has a signal, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor stop running; if the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor has no signal and the receiving end of the second photoelectric sensor has a signal, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveying belt motor are both reduced by 1/2; if the receiving ends of the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor have no signals, and the receiving end of the third photoelectric sensor has signals, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveying belt motor are reduced by 1/4; if the receiving ends of the three photoelectric sensors do not have signals, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor maintain the original speed to rotate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention is suitable for sorting fresh tea leaves to ensure the quality of raw materials of famous tea, and the feeding hopper and the discharge hopper can adjust the feeding amount of the fresh tea leaves; the three photoelectric sensors can accurately and timely monitor the congestion condition of fresh tea leaves, and the conveying speeds of the climbing conveyor and the conveying belt are intelligently adjusted through the control box in time, so that the high efficiency and the order of the winnowing process are ensured; the damage rate to the fresh tea leaves is effectively reduced by adopting the flexible leaf homogenizing device, and the winnowing effect of the fresh tea leaves is good; the air outlet height of the fan, the air quantity of the fan, the quantity of the discharging hoppers and the distance can be adjusted, so that the adaptability of sorting different tea types can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the feed hopper assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the air separation box of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the control principle of the control box of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a feeding hopper device, 2, a climbing conveyor, 3, a control device, 4, a transition hopper, 5, a fan, 6, a control box, 7, a winnowing box, 8, a discharging hopper, 9, a storage box, 1-1, a feeding hopper, 1-2, a material control plate, 3-1, a direct current speed reduction motor, 3-2, a conveying belt mechanism, 3-3, a first photoelectric sensor, 3-4, a second photoelectric sensor, 3-5, a third photoelectric sensor, 3-6, an S-shaped soft strip brush, 3-7, a rotating shaft, 3-8, a rotating shaft support, 3-9, a conveying belt motor, 3-10, a stand column, 7-1, a flow baffle, 7-2, an observation mirror, 7-3, a filter screen, 7-4, a winnowing box frame, 7-5 and an air flow channel.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in figure 1, the fresh tea leaf winnowing feeder comprises a feed hopper device 1, a climbing conveyor 2, a control device 3, a transition hopper 4, a fan 5, a control box 6, a winnowing box 7, a discharge hopper 8 and a storage box 9. The climbing conveyor 2 comprises a climbing conveying motor, a climbing conveying belt, a tensioning device, a transmission roller and a carrier roller; a plurality of carrier rollers are hinged on the climbing support frame at intervals, and a transmission roller is sleeved on the carrier rollers; the climbing conveyer belt is sleeved on all the transmission rollers; the tensioning device tensions the climbing conveyer belt; the climbing conveying motor drives one of the carrier rollers; a plurality of transverse partition plates which are fully distributed on the climbing conveyer belt and are tightly attached to the climbing conveyer belt are arranged on the climbing conveyer belt; the transverse partition plate is used for uniformly conveying fresh tea leaves, and the carrier roller is used for supporting the climbing conveyer belt and the fresh tea leaves on the climbing conveyer belt, so that the fresh tea leaves can stably run. The transition hopper 4 is arranged at the bottom of the output end of the climbing conveyer belt of the climbing conveyer 2 and is fixed on the main bracket; the bottom of the discharge hopper 8 is provided with a material control plate for adjusting the discharge amount.

As shown in FIG. 2, the feeding hopper device 1 comprises a feeding hopper 1-1 and a material control plate 1-2; the feed hopper 1-1 is arranged at the top of the input end of a climbing conveyer belt of the climbing conveyer 2 and is fixed on a climbing support frame; both sides of the bottom of the feed hopper are provided with guide grooves, the material control plates 1-2 are embedded into the guide grooves, and the material control plates 1-2 slide along the guide grooves to control the feeding amount of the fresh tea leaves.

As shown in fig. 3, the control device 3 comprises a direct current speed reduction motor 3-1, a conveyor belt mechanism 3-2, a first photoelectric sensor 3-3, a second photoelectric sensor 3-4, a third photoelectric sensor 3-5, an S-shaped soft strip brush 3-6, a rotating shaft 3-7, a rotating shaft support 3-8, a conveyor belt motor 3-9 and an upright post 3-10; the conveying belt mechanism 3-2 (comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft and a conveying belt connected with the driving shaft and the driven shaft which are hinged on the conveying frame) is arranged on the conveying frame and is driven by a conveying belt motor 3-9; the conveying frame is arranged below the transition hopper 4 and is fixed on the main bracket; the rotating shaft 3-7 is positioned above a conveyor belt of the conveyor belt mechanism, and two ends of the rotating shaft and two upright posts 3-10 at two sides of the conveyor belt mechanism form a rotating pair respectively through a rotating shaft support 3-8; the axial direction of the rotating shaft is vertical to the transmission direction of the conveyor belt; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with an output shaft of the direct current speed reducing motor 3-1; eleven S-shaped soft strip brushes 3-6 are fixed on the rotating shaft 3-7 at equal intervals; the S-shaped soft strip brush 3-6 is made of PU material; the first photoelectric sensor 3-3, the second photoelectric sensor 3-4 and the third photoelectric sensor 3-5 comprise a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the first photoelectric sensor 3-3, the second photoelectric sensor 3-4 and the third photoelectric sensor 3-5 are equidistantly fixed on the other two upright columns 3-10 at the two sides of the conveyor belt 3-2 from top to bottom; the upright posts 3-10 are fixed on the conveying frame; the distance between the third photoelectric sensor 3-5 and the top surface of the conveyor belt mechanism is 10mm; the rotating shaft 3-7 is closer to the output end of the conveying belt than the three photoelectric sensors; the signals of the receiving ends of the three photoelectric sensors are all output to the control box 6.

As shown in figure 4, the air separation box 7 comprises a flow baffle 7-1, an observation mirror 7-2, a filter screen 7-3, an air separation box frame 7-4 and an air flow channel 7-5. The frame 7-4 of the winnowing box is fixed on the main bracket, and the airflow channel 7-5 is fixed on the frame 7-4 of the winnowing box; the side surface of the airflow channel is provided with an observation mirror 7-2; a flow baffle 7-1 is arranged at one side of the feed inlet of the airflow channel, which is close to the air outlet; the flow baffle 7-1 is arc-shaped; the fan 5 is arranged at the air inlet of the airflow channel and is fixed on the seat plate; the feeding port of the airflow channel is positioned above the air inlet; the seat board is connected with an adjusting groove which is arranged along the vertical direction of the main bracket through a bolt, and the height of the seat board on the main bracket can be adjusted; the filter screen 7-3 is fixed at the air outlet of the air flow channel; a discharge port of the airflow channel is communicated with the airflow channel, and two guide rails are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the discharge port; the five discharging hoppers 8 are arranged along the airflow channel in a clinging manner, and two sides of the top of each discharging hopper 8 and the two guide rails respectively form sliding pairs; the bottom of each discharging hopper 8 is provided with a storage box 9.

As shown in fig. 5, the control box 6 determines whether the fresh tea leaves are jammed according to the signals of the receiving ends of the first photoelectric sensor 3-3, the second photoelectric sensor 3-4 and the third photoelectric sensor 3-5, and then controls the rotating speeds of the climbing conveyor motor and the conveyor belt motor 3-7. If the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor 3-3 has a signal, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor 3-7 stop running; if the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor 3-3 has no signal and the receiving end of the second photoelectric sensor 3-4 has a signal, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor 3-7 are both reduced by 1/2; if the receiving ends of the first photoelectric sensor 3-3 and the second photoelectric sensor 3-4 have no signals, and the receiving end of the third photoelectric sensor 3-5 has signals, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor 3-7 are reduced by 1/4; if the receiving ends of the three photoelectric sensors do not have signals, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor maintain the original speed rotation; three photoelectric sensors continuously detect signals, and the winnowing effect of the fresh tea leaves is ensured.

The working principle of the fresh tea leaf winnowing feeder is as follows:

fresh tea leaves enter the climbing conveyor 2 from the feed hopper 1-1, the materials are uniformly conveyed upwards through the climbing conveyor belt 2 with the transverse partition plate, and if the fresh tea leaves on the climbing conveyor belt are too many, the feeding amount is reduced by adjusting the material control plate 1-2. Then, fresh tea leaves enter the conveyor belt mechanism 3-2 through the transition hopper 4, when passing through three photoelectric sensors which are vertically arranged in parallel, the transmitting end of each photoelectric sensor emits infrared rays, the receiving end feeds back signals to the control box 6, the control box 6 controls the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor 3-9, and the leaf homogenizing device consisting of the S-shaped soft strip brushes 3-6 and the rotating shafts 3-7 ensures the uniform conveying amount of the fresh tea leaves, and the combination of the two can effectively and stably throw the leaf amount, thereby improving the winnowing effect and saving energy. The baffle plate 7-1 can ensure that the fresh tea leaves to be subjected to air separation are not blown to the external space, the observation mirror 7-2 is used for observing the air separation condition of the fresh tea leaves so as to adjust the air quantity of the fan, and finally, the fresh tea leaves of various categories are smoothly separated through the five discharge hoppers 8 and stored in the storage box 9.

Claims

1. Bright leaf selection by winnowing feeding machine of tea, including feeder hopper device, climbing conveyer, controlling means, transition hopper, fan, control box, winnowing box, play hopper and storage case, its characterized in that: the transition hopper is arranged at the bottom of the output end of the climbing conveyor and is fixed on the main bracket; the control device comprises a direct-current speed reducing motor, a conveyor belt mechanism, a first photoelectric sensor, a second photoelectric sensor, a third photoelectric sensor, an S-shaped soft strip brush, a rotating shaft support, a conveyor belt motor and an upright post; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the conveying frame and is driven by a conveying belt motor; the conveying frame is arranged below the transition hopper and is fixed on the main bracket; the rotating shaft is positioned above the conveying belt of the conveying belt mechanism, and two ends of the rotating shaft and two upright posts on two sides of the conveying belt mechanism form a rotating pair through a rotating shaft support respectively; the axial direction of the rotating shaft is vertical to the transmission direction of the conveyor belt; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with an output shaft of the direct current speed reducing motor; a plurality of S-shaped soft strip brushes are fixed on the rotating shaft at equal intervals; the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor respectively comprise a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor are fixed on the other two stand columns on two sides of the conveyor belt at equal intervals from top to bottom; the upright post is fixed on the conveying frame; the rotating shaft is closer to the output end of the conveying belt than the three photoelectric sensors; signals of receiving ends of the three photoelectric sensors are all output to the control box;

the air separation box comprises a flow baffle, an observation mirror, a filter screen, an air separation box frame and an air flow channel; the air separation box frame is fixed on the main bracket, and the airflow channel is fixed on the air separation box frame; the side surface of the airflow channel is provided with an observation mirror; a flow baffle is arranged at one side of the feed inlet of the airflow channel, which is close to the air outlet; the fan is arranged at the air inlet of the airflow channel and is fixed on the seat plate; the feeding port of the airflow channel is positioned above the air inlet; the seat board is connected with an adjusting groove which is arranged along the vertical direction of the main bracket through a bolt; the filter screen is fixed at the air outlet of the airflow channel; a discharge port of the airflow channel is communicated with the airflow channel, and two guide rails are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the discharge port; the discharge hoppers are arranged along the airflow channel in a clinging manner, and two sides of the top of each discharge hopper and the two guide rails respectively form sliding pairs; the bottom of each discharge hopper is provided with a storage box;

the climbing conveyor comprises a climbing conveying motor, a climbing conveying belt, a tensioning device, a transmission roller and a carrier roller; a plurality of carrier rollers are hinged on the climbing support frame at intervals, and a transmission roller is sleeved on the carrier rollers; the climbing conveyer belt is sleeved on all the transmission rollers; the tensioning device tensions the climbing conveyer belt; the climbing conveying motor drives one of the carrier rollers; a plurality of transverse partition plates which are fully distributed on the climbing conveyer belt and are tightly attached to the climbing conveyer belt are arranged on the climbing conveyer belt;

the control box judges whether the fresh tea leaves are blocked according to receiving end signals of the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor, and then controls the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyer belt motor: if the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor has a signal, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor stop running; if the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor has no signal and the receiving end of the second photoelectric sensor has a signal, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveyer belt motor are both reduced by 1/2; if the receiving ends of the first photoelectric sensor and the second photoelectric sensor have no signals, and the receiving end of the third photoelectric sensor has signals, the rotating speeds of the climbing conveying motor and the conveying belt motor are reduced by 1/4; if the receiving ends of the three photoelectric sensors do not have signals, the climbing conveying motor and the conveyor belt motor maintain the original speed to rotate.

2. The fresh tea leaf winnowing feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feed hopper device comprises a feed hopper and a material control plate; the feed hopper is fixedly arranged at the top of the input end of the climbing conveyor; both sides of the bottom of the feed hopper are provided with guide grooves, and the material control plates are embedded into the guide grooves.

3. The fresh tea leaf winnowing feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a material control plate is embedded in a guide groove formed in the bottom of the discharge hopper.

4. The fresh tea leaf winnowing feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the S-shaped soft strip brush is made of PU materials.

5. The fresh tea leaf winnowing feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the third photoelectric sensor and the top surface of the conveyor belt mechanism is 8-12 mm.

6. The fresh tea leaf winnowing feeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flow baffle is arc-shaped.