CN106622906A - Coating method for railway vehicle - Google Patents
Coating method for railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106622906A CN106622906A CN201611141602.4A CN201611141602A CN106622906A CN 106622906 A CN106622906 A CN 106622906A CN 201611141602 A CN201611141602 A CN 201611141602A CN 106622906 A CN106622906 A CN 106622906A
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- finish paint
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- tone
- colour band
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
- B05D5/065—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones
- B05D5/066—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones achieved by multilayers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/005—Repairing damaged coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a coating method for a railway vehicle. The coating method for the railway vehicle comprises the following steps carried out according to the following sequence: coating a paint and drying in coating for a vehicle body surface subjected to pre-treatment to obtain a first intermediate coat paint layer with a thickness of 30-50[mu]m; carrying out defect repair on the surface of the first intermediate coat paint layer; coating a paint in coating for a main colour zone, and then coating a colour tape finish paint in a colour tape zone and drying to obtain a second intermediate coat paint layer and a colour tape finish paint layer; and coating a main colour finish paint in the main colour zone and drying to obtain a main colour finish paint layer. According to the coating method for the railway vehicle, which is provided by the invention, a high-quality surface coat layer of the railway vehicle can be obtained; and the coating method for the railway vehicle is applicable to coating for environment-friendly waterborne coatings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coating process technology, more particularly to a kind of coating process of trolley coach.
Background technology
The coating on current track passenger car body surface is typically by prime coat 1, putty layer 2, floating coating layer 3 and top coat layer 4
The composite coating of composition, as shown in Figure 1.Its corresponding concrete coating process comprises the steps referring to Fig. 2：
In rail passenger car body surface spraying priming paint, wet on wet twice identical spraying coating process is typically with.It is so-called wet
Wet (wet on wet) is touched, refers to that first paint film of spraying continues to spray the spraying work of second paint film when also not doing solid work
Skill, is first to spray one time, dodge to do and repeat after 10-20min spraying one time in the coating process of priming paint.Specifically can be using height
Pressure airless spraying technique, rifle mouthpiece footpath is 0.33-0.38mm, spray pressure is 48：1st, spray viscosity DIN6 cups (20 DEG C)：
60-80s, air pressure are 0.4-0.7MPa.
It is dried after the completion of basecoat paint, natural drying mode can be adopted, i.e., at normal temperatures (25 DEG C or so) is dried 24h
More than；Rate of drying can also be accelerated, such as, in 60 DEG C or so lower drying more than 2h, form prime coat 1, its thickness is usually
60-100μm。
After the completion of anti-corrosive primer is dried, the fault location of car body surface is polished using P80 sand paper, then repeatedly scraped
Thick putty is applied, putty is dried and is polished after blade coating every time.Natural drying mode can be taken, i.e., (25 DEG C at normal temperatures
Left and right) more than 4h is dried, then use P80 sand paperings.The blade coating number of times of putty can be true according to the surface smoothness situation of prime coat 1
It is fixed, usually 2-5 time, ultimately form putty layer 2.
Implement the application of floating coating on the surface of putty layer 2.At present, the application of floating coating generally adopts " wet on wet multipass
The coating process of spraying ", such as can use air-assisted atomization high-pressure spraying machine, nozzle model 413 or 415, spraying pressure
Power is 30：1st, spray viscosity DIN6 cups (20 DEG C)：25-40s, air pressure are 0.4-0.7MPa, move rifle speed and (spray speed
Degree) it is 20-40cm/s.Or can also be using " spraying floating coating 2-3 time, the environment temperature disclosed in patent CN101456012A
Degree is lower to dodge dry 15min, and 65 DEG C of baking 60min, film thickness is controlled at 35-50 μm " construction technology.
The floating coating that spraying is completed is dried, natural drying mode can be adopted, i.e., done for (25 DEG C or so) at normal temperatures
Dry more than 24h；Drying can also be accelerated, such as, in 60 DEG C or so lower drying more than 2h, form floating coating layer 3, its thickness is usual
It is 40-100 μm.
According to the surfacing situation of floating coating layer 3, the surface of the centering coat of paint 3 may be selected and is repaired, be usually used greasy
Son repairs the defect on the surface of floating coating layer 3, then uses P240 sand paperings, and the surface for making floating coating layer 3 more smooths, beneficial to face
The spraying of paint.But this time repair and be only limitted to local defect repairing, it is impossible to carry out large range of putty repairing, otherwise easily make
The problems such as into follow-up top coat layer loss of gloss, aberration.
First mass-tone finish paint is sprayed in the mass-tone area on the surface of floating coating floor 3, generally adopts first empty spray once, to dodge after doing again
Real spray technique once, can specifically use membrane pump flush coater, nozzle specification is 1.1mm, air pressure is 0.4-0.6Mpa,
Spray distance is 150-300mm；Air gun can also be used, nozzle specification is 1.3mm or 1.7mm, air pressure is 0.4-
0.6Mpa, spray distance 150-300mm.In the spraying process in mass-tone face, spray gun with should try one's best vertical with car body surface, and protect
Hold and at the uniform velocity spray.Each spraying edge 1/3-1/2 Chong Die with previous spraying edge.The spraying rate of wherein empty spray is 40-50cm/
S, dodges and is sprayed in fact after dry 10-20min, and spraying rate is 20-40cm/s.
After first mass-tone finish paint spraying is completed, first mass-tone finish paint is dried, natural drying side can be adopted
Formula, i.e., at normal temperatures (25 DEG C or so) be dried more than 24h；Drying can also be accelerated, such as in 60 DEG C or so lower drying more than 2h,
The thickness of mass-tone finish paint is typically 40-100 μm.
According to situations such as the flatness on first mass-tone finish paint surface, can select to repair first mass-tone finish paint
Mend, generally use the defect that putty repairs mass-tone finish paint surface, then use P240 sand paperings, make first mass-tone finish paint surface
More smooth.
In first mass-tone finish paint surface spraying second mass-tone finish paint, be dried after the completion of spraying, concrete technology with
The spraying of first mass-tone finish paint and drying process are consistent, and the THICKNESS CONTROL of second mass-tone finish paint is at 60-100 μm.
Require for car body Art design, mass-tone area is protected using protective rubber band or protection sheet etc., then in color
The colored colour band finish paint of zone surface spraying.Spraying is complete with the spraying of first mass-tone finish paint and drying process with drying process
Unanimously, the THICKNESS CONTROL of colour band finish paint is at 60-100 μm.Mass-tone finish paint and colour band finish paint together constitute top coat layer 4.
If car body surface has the colour band of multiple color, colour band finish paint can be repeatedly sprayed in the manner described above.
In the coating process of above-mentioned trolley coach face coat, the surface of putty layer 2 has many pits, knife rib, numb eye
Etc. defect, although floating coating layer 3 can to a certain extent repair drawbacks described above, but can not still reach perfect condition, enter
And the painting effect of top coat layer 4 is have impact on, easily there is substantial amounts of pin hole, empty painting, orange peel, sand in the car body surface after the completion of application
Sheet mark etc., or the problems such as occur in that loss of gloss, aberration, and then the outward appearance of whole car body is have impact on, easily cause overall doing over again.
Also, above-mentioned coating process is more suitable for the application of solvent based coating.Solvent based coating is with organic solvent as dispersion
Medium and obtained coating, itself there are problems that polluting environment, waste the energy and, so this high VOCs
The solvent based coating of (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOC) content is just gradually contained by low VOCs
The environment protecting water-based paint of amount is replaced.Environment protecting water-based paint be using water as solvent new coating, with green, energy-conservation,
The characteristics of safety, effect facilitate, can reduce VOCs discharges, reduce the health hazard that coating brings to human body.
Environment protecting water-based paint has certain particularity, because it is that, using water as solvent, the surface tension of water is
72.6dyn/cm, is 2.5 times of organic solvent in common solvent type coating, and evaporation of water latent heat is the 5-7 of common organic solvents
Times, so film forming speed is slower in the coating process of environment protecting water-based paint, and easily produce finish paint uneven thickness, or even car body
There is the problems such as prickly heat, sagging, pin hole, orange peel, shrinkage cavity in the coating on surface, so environment protecting water-based paint is applied relative to solvent-borne type
Material, process, construction environment to ground, spraying technology are proposed more harsh requirement, using at present suitable for solvent-borne type
Easily there are the problems referred to above in the coating process of coating, generally requires repeatedly to do over again, so as to increased material cost, cost of labor and
Time cost.
As solvent based coating is gradually replaced by environment protecting water-based paint, traditional coating process has been no longer desirable for ring
The application of water-retaining property coating, so exigence develops a kind of trolley coach coating process of suitable environment protecting water-based paint.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of coating process of trolley coach, by improving floating coating and face
The coating process of paint, improves the coating quality of trolley coach face coat, is particularly suited for being adapted to the painting of environment protecting water-based paint
Dress.
The present invention provides a kind of coating process of trolley coach, including order below is the step of carry out：
In the car body surface application floating coating of premenstrual process, it is dried, obtains the first floating coating layer that thickness is 30-50 μm；
Defect mending is carried out to the first floating coating layer surface；
In mass-tone area application floating coating, subsequently in colour band area application colour band finish paint, it is dried, obtains second basecoat enamelled coating and color
Band top coat layer；
In mass-tone area application mass-tone finish paint, it is dried, obtains mass-tone top coat layer.
The coating process of the trolley coach that the present invention is provided, actually carries out at twice the application of floating coating, and the
Floating coating application is repaired after completing to defect.Wherein, the application of first time floating coating, can fill, cover car
The tiny flaw in body surface face.Also, using the light line reflection of the first floating coating layer, additionally it is possible to fully show the first floating coating layer table
The local defect in face.
It is above-mentioned that defect mending is carried out to the first floating coating layer surface, can be using in the routine of trolley coach car body coating field
Coat of paint repair technology, the present invention does not make considered critical to this, is generally repaired using putty, is then put down using sand paper
Sliding polishing.Carry out second floating coating after targetedly being repaired by the local defect to the first floating coating layer surface again
Application, good ground can be provided for the application of finish paint, not only contribute to implement the application of follow-up finish paint, and solve
In existing coating process, finish paint application is after completing the problems such as loss of gloss, the aberration of easy appearance.
In the coating process of floating coating, the present invention actually employs " first time floating coating application-be dried to obtain the
The construction technology of one floating coating layer-carry out repairing-second floating coating application to the first floating coating layer ", due in first time
Japanning application is dried after completing, and so as to provide good condition for the volatilization of solvent in floating coating, is conducive to solvent
Volatilization is complete, and because the local defect to the first floating coating layer surface is targetedly repaired, so as to for finish paint
Application provide good ground, be conducive to obtaining the face coat of the trolley coach of better quality.
Inventor's research finds, completes thicker floating coating layer to fill out compared to traditional at present " wet on wet multipass spraying "
The construction thinking for filling a vacancy sunken, using the above-mentioned floating coating coating process of the present invention, can be prevented effectively from because solvent volatilization is insufficient
The problems such as floating coating layer surface out-of-flatness for causing and ground single treatment not in place, it is thus possible to reach higher application matter
Amount.
In the present invention, before second floating coating application, in order to prevent floating coating from affecting colour band area, typically in mass-tone
Spaced between the position and colour band area for treating application floating coating before area's application floating coating, the width at this interval is colour band
0.15-0.5 times of sector width.That is, zone of checking colors in advance is protected, and can adopt the conventional protection method of field of coating, this
Bright not make considered critical to this, such as can be covered using positioning buffer zone zone of checking colors, and position the width of buffer zone is
1.3-2 times of colour band sector width.Generally from protective rubber band or protective paper etc. as positioning buffer zone, it is to avoid second floating coating
Application affect colour band area.
The present invention thickness with top coat layer of checking colors does not make considered critical, can rationally be arranged according to car body surface application demand,
The thickness of colour band top coat layer is generally controlled at 40-100 μm, such as 60-100 μm.
In the present invention, technique of the preferred empty spray in combination with spray in fact carries out the application of colour band finish paint, specifically, colour band finish paint
Application, including order below is the step of carry out：
1) in colour band area void color spray band finish paint；
2) band finish paint of checking colors carries out dodging dry；
3) repeat step 1) and 2) at least 1 time；
4) in colour band area reality color spray band finish paint.
Above-mentioned " void spray " and " real spray ", are the conventional coating process in application techniques field.Wherein, empty spray, is by spray gun
Go out coating cloud spraying swath to be adjusted under one fixed width, be quickly a kind of coating process to form scumbling in area to be sprayed, its feature
It is that spraying rate is fast；Real spray, is not adjust spray gun and go out the condition of coating cloud spraying swath, reducing spray gun movement speed relative to empty spray
Degree, in area to be sprayed a kind of spray coating constructing technique of relatively thick coating is formed.
As a rule, empty color spray band finish paint, is to form the layer that thickness is 5-10 μm, i.e. empty spray every time, makes colour band finish paint
Thickness increases 5-10 μm.Spray distance (spray tip with treat the distance between coating surface) such as be can control for 200-300mm,
And spraying rate (spray gun moves rifle speed) is 50-70cm/s.
In the embodiment of the invention, the application of colour band finish paint is carried out using air gun, its nozzle model (spray
Mouthpiece footpath) it is 1.0-1.3mm, air pressure is 0.4-0.6Mpa, in empty color spray band finish paint, controls spray distance for 200-
300mm, spraying rate is 50-70cm/s；In real color spray band finish paint, spraying rate can be reduced to 30-40cm/s, other paintings
Dress condition keeps constant.
After every time the empty spray of colour band finish paint is completed, the sudden strain of a muscle that need to carry out colour band finish paint is done.
It is so-called to dodge dry, it is that the wet film of coating should place certain hour under normal temperature in atmosphere before baking, allow in wet film
Solvent fully evaporates into leather hard.Colour band finish paint in the present invention dodges dry, can be dried 10- under room temperature (25 DEG C or so)
20min, to ensure colour band finish paint in solvent fully volatilize, obtain half-dried colour band finish paint wet film.
Equally, the present invention does not make considered critical to the thickness of mass-tone top coat layer yet, can be closed according to car body surface application demand
Reason is arranged, and the thickness for generally controlling mass-tone top coat layer is 40-100 μm, such as 60-100 μm.
In the present invention, the technique that preferred empty spray is combined with real spray carries out the application of mass-tone finish paint, specifically, mass-tone finish paint
Application, including order below is the step of carry out：
1) in the empty spray mass-tone finish paint in mass-tone area；
2) mass-tone finish paint is carried out dodging dry；
3) repeat step 1) and 2) at least 1 time；
4) mass-tone finish paint is sprayed in fact in mass-tone area.
As a rule, empty spray mass-tone finish paint, is to form the layer that thickness is 5-10 μm, i.e. empty spray every time, makes mass-tone finish paint
Thickness increases 5-10 μm.Spray distance (spray tip with treat the distance between coating surface) such as be can control for 150-300mm,
And spraying rate (spray gun moves rifle speed) is 50-70cm/s.
In the embodiment of the invention, mass-tone finish paint is sprayed using membrane pump flush coater, wherein, barrier film
The nozzle model (nozzle diameter) of pump flush coater is 0.8-1.1mm, and air pressure is 0.4-0.6Mpa, in empty spray mass-tone finish paint
When, it is 150-300mm to control spray distance, and spraying rate is 50-70cm/s；In spray mass-tone finish paint in fact, can be by spraying speed
Degree is reduced to 30-40cm/s, and other application conditions keep constant.
After every time empty spray is completed, carry out mass-tone finish paint and dodge dry, such as it is dried under room temperature (25 DEG C or so)
10-20min, to ensure mass-tone finish paint in solvent can fully volatilize, obtain half-dried mass-tone finish paint wet film.
By being applied to finish paint (including mass-tone finish paint and colour band finish paint) using the coating process of above-mentioned " more empty is real "
Dress, enables the solvent in finish paint fully volatilize, it is to avoid because orange peel, pin hole, prickly heat that solvent volatilization is not exclusively caused etc. lack
Fall into, further increase the quality of car body surface coating, so, above-mentioned coating process not only contributes to the painting of solvent-borne type finish paint
Dress, and it is more suitable for the application of environment-friendly water-based finish paint.
It is appreciated that either empty spray or real spray, all should remain a constant speed spraying, and spray gun is vertical with car body surface,
Avoid finish paint spraying uneven, locally excessively thin or blocked up, or even the problems such as pin hole, prickly heat, sagging, orange peel, shrinkage cavity occur.In order to
Coating quality is further improved, can also be in the spraying edge 1/3-2/1 Chong Die with previous spraying edge of empty spray every time, so as to obtain
The more uniform top coat layer of thickness.
The coating process of the trolley coach that the present invention is provided, by implementing the application of floating coating twice, and applies twice
Defect mending is carried out between dress, so as to provide good ground for the application of top coat layer, it is to avoid loss of gloss, aberration etc. occur and ask
Topic, reduces because ground problem causes the operation pressure that finish paint does over again.Also, the application work due to taking floating coating twice
Skill, the solvent volatilization being more beneficial in floating coating is complete, further increases coating quality.
Finish paint application in the present invention, the coating process due to taking a how empty reality, is conducive to the solvent in finish paint to wave
Distribute entirely, further increase the coating quality of rail passenger car body face coat.
The coating process of the trolley coach that the present invention is provided, is used not only for the application of existing solvent-borne type application, and
Can be used in the application of environment protecting water-based paint.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is existing rail passenger car body face coat structural representation；
Fig. 2 is existing rail passenger car body coating process flow chart；
Fig. 3 is trolley coach coating process flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is rail passenger car body face coat structural representation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals：
1st, 10- prime coats；2nd, 20- putty layers；3- floating coating layers；
4- top coat layers；30- the first floating coating layers；40- second basecoat enamelled coatings；
50- colour band top coat layers；60- mass-tone top coat layers.
Specific embodiment
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of coating process of trolley coach, refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, comprise the following steps：
S1：In the car body surface application floating coating of premenstrual process, it is dried, obtains the first floating coating that thickness is 30-50 μm
Layer 30；
S2：Defect mending is carried out to the surface of the first floating coating layer 30；
S3：In mass-tone area application floating coating, subsequently in colour band area application colour band finish paint, it is dried, obtains second basecoat enamelled coating
40 and colour band top coat layer 50；
S4：In mass-tone area application mass-tone finish paint, it is dried, obtains mass-tone top coat layer 60.
The coating process of the trolley coach that the present invention is provided, takes the coating process of floating coating twice, and in first
The coat of paint 30 is repaired, and the application for finish paint provides good ground, is solved top coat layer in existing construction technology and is occurred
The problems such as prickly heat, orange peel, pin hole, reduce because ground problem causes the operation pressure that overcoat applying process does over again, thus improve
The coating quality and coating efficiency of trolley coach face coat.Further, since taking the coating process of floating coating twice, make
Solvent in floating coating can effectively volatilize, thus be more suitable for the application of environment protecting water-based paint.
The present invention carries out the concrete technology of early stage process to car body surface and does not do considered critical, before can adopting routine at present
Phase handling process, such as before step S1, can take following early stage to process：
Rail passenger car body surface be cleaned, eliminated rust etc. according to common process and being processed, then coating prime lacquer, after being dried
Obtain prime coat 10；Putty is scratched on the surface of prime coat 10, after being dried putty layer 20 is obtained.
In the embodiment of the invention, priming paint is using wet on wet spraying coating process, concrete technology：Using high pressure
Airless spraying, rifle mouthpiece footpath is 0.33-0.38mm, spray pressure is 48：1st, spray viscosity is DIN6 cups (20 DEG C)：60-
80s, air pressure are 0.4-0.7MPa.Spray first one time according to above-mentioned technique, at room temperature (25 DEG C or so) are dodged dry 10-
Repeat spraying one time according still further to above-mentioned technique after 20min.After the completion of primer painting, natural drying mode can be taken, in room
24h is dried under temperature, or rate of drying can also be accelerated, more than 2h is dried at a temperature of 60 DEG C or so, obtain prime coat 10,
Its thickness can be controlled in 60-100 μm.
The priming paint of trolley coach generally adopts anti-corrosive primer, prevents rail passenger car body surface from chemical attack occurring.Meanwhile,
Prime coat 10 can also strengthen the adhesive force between putty layer 20 and car body surface.
After above-mentioned priming paint is dried, the recess of car body surface is polished using P80 sand paper, then scratch putty, led to
Unsaturated polyester putty is often selected, and determines that putty scratches pass, usually 2-5 according to the flatness situation on the surface of prime coat 10
Time, be dried after the completion of blade coating every time, such as take natural drying mode, that is, it is dried at room temperature for more than 4h.Further,
After every time putty blade coating and drying are finished, can also be polished with P80 sand paper, be made the surface of putty layer 20 for finally giving more
Plus flat smooth, the defects such as pit, weld seam and the scratch of car body surface can not only be repaired, and be conducive to follow-up floating coating
Spraying.
After implementing above-mentioned early stage to rail passenger car body surface and processing, you can with application floating coating.In the present invention one
In specific embodiment, step S1 is specifically：Floating coating, nozzle model are sprayed using air-assisted atomization high-pressure spraying machine
413 or 415, spray pressure be 30：1st, spray viscosity is DIN6 cups (20 DEG C)：25-40s, air pressure are 0.4-
0.7MPa, spray distance are 150-300mm, and it is 50-70cm/s to move rifle speed (spraying rate).
After the completion of the spraying of above-mentioned floating coating, natural drying mode can be taken, be dried at room temperature for 24h, or can also
Accelerate rate of drying, more than 2h is dried at a temperature of 60 DEG C or so, you can form the first floating coating layer 30, its thickness is 30-
50μm。
The tiny flaw of car body surface can further be filled, covered to first floating coating layer 30.Meanwhile, apply using in first
The light line reflection of enamelled coating 30, shows the defect of car body surface, is easy to during subsequent construction that drawbacks described above has been carried out to be directed to
The repairing of property.
Additionally, the construction technology of above-mentioned floating coating, by process conditions such as the spraying rates and spray distance of setting specialty,
So as to obtain the more uniform first floating coating layer 30 of thickness.
After step S1, the defect on the surface of the first floating coating layer 30 is repaired, in a specific embodiment party of the invention
In formula, step S2 is specifically：The defect on the surface of the first floating coating layer 30 is repaired using putty, is then beaten with P240 sand paper is smooth
Mill.
Because first coat of paint 30 can fully show the defect of car body surface, have through the defect to car body surface
Targetedly repair, further increase the surface smoothness of floating coating layer 30, it is to avoid make because floating coating coating quality is not good
Into finish paint loss of gloss, aberration problem.
After the skin patching of the first floating coating layer 30 is completed, in mass-tone area application floating coating again, subsequently in colour band area
Application colour band finish paint, is dried, and obtains second basecoat enamelled coating 40 and colour band top coat layer 50.
Twice the coating process of floating coating can be with completely the same, it is also possible to takes other coating process.Have in the present invention one
In body embodiment, specifically include in mass-tone area application floating coating：Floating coating is sprayed using air-assisted atomization high-pressure spraying machine,
Nozzle model 413 or 415, spray pressure is 30：1st, spray viscosity is DIN6 cups (20 DEG C)：25-40s, air pressure are
0.4-0.7MPa, spray distance 250-300mm, spraying rate are 50-70cm/s.
In order to avoid the application of second floating coating affects colour band area, the zone that can also check colors to be protected, i.e. in mass-tone
It is spaced between the position and colour band area for treating application floating coating before area's application floating coating, and the width being spaced is colour band
0.15-0.5 times of sector width.In the embodiment of the invention, by positioning colour band area of the buffer zone to car body surface
Positioning protection is carried out, the width for positioning buffer zone is 1.3-2 times of colour band sector width, i.e. 1.3-2 times of scope of colour band sector width
The application of second floating coating is not carried out, then in mass-tone area application floating coating, i.e., the area of second application floating coating is less than
The area in mass-tone area.
Above-mentioned positioning buffer zone, can be protective rubber band or protective paper etc., and the present invention does not make considered critical to this, as long as energy
Zone of enough checking colors carries out effectively positioning protection.
The species of floating coating of the present invention does not do considered critical, can select solvent-borne type floating coating, such as with unsaturated polyester (UP)
The preferable polyurethane inter-coat of putty suitability, it is also possible to select environment-friendly water-based floating coating.Additionally, the floating coating of application twice
Species can be consistent or inconsistent, as long as it has good intermiscibility, such as the two is same type or even has selected
Exactly the same floating coating.
After second floating coating application is completed, positioning buffer zone is removed, then in colour band area application colour band finish paint.Colour band
The spraying coating process of the preferably how empty reality of the application of finish paint, in the embodiment of the invention, the coating process of colour band finish paint
Specifically：Initially with air gun void color spray band finish paint, nozzle model (nozzle diameter) is 1.0-1.3mm, and air pressure is
0.4-0.6Mpa, spray distance is 200-300mm, and spraying rate is 50-70cm/s, and dry 10-20min is then dodged at room temperature,
More than twice real spray is finally carried out according to the empty spray/sudden strain of a muscle of technique so is dry, its spraying rate is reduced to 30-40cm/s, other paintings
Dress condition is consistent with empty pressure spray process.Or, it is also possible to it is 250-300mm to control the spray distance in real spray process, spraying rate
For 30-40cm/s, other application conditions are consistent with empty pressure spray process.
Colour band finish paint takes the spraying coating process of an above-mentioned how empty reality, and the solvent in colour band finish paint can be made (such as organic molten
Agent or water) fully volatilization, it is to avoid the problems such as there is pin hole, orange peel, prickly heat.Also, spraying rate and the spray of above-mentioned colour band finish paint
The process conditions such as distance are applied, is conducive to obtaining the more uniform colour band finish paint of thickness, further increase rail passenger car body table
The coating quality and painting effect of finishing coat.
After the completion of colour band finish paint application, floating coating and colour band finish paint are dried simultaneously, this area routine can be taken
Drying process carry out, in the embodiment of the invention, the mode of natural drying can be taken, that is, be dried at room temperature for
More than 24h；In another specific embodiment of the invention, more than 2h is dried at a temperature of 60 DEG C or so, finally gives second
Floating coating layer 40 and colour band top coat layer 50.Wherein, the thickness of second basecoat enamelled coating 40 is 30-50 μm, the thickness of colour band top coat layer 50
Spend for 60-100 μm.
It is above-mentioned that floating coating and colour band finish paint are dried simultaneously, not only increase colour band top coat layer 50 and second basecoat enamelled coating 40
Between adhesion, and reduce one drying process, improve production efficiency.
The present invention implements the application of floating coating twice, and is being provided with a mending course, purpose between application twice
It is that the tiny flaw to the surface of the first floating coating layer 30 carries out effectively filling and covering, so as to provide full for follow-up finish paint
Bottom surface, it is to avoid occur the problem of loss of gloss, aberration after finish paint spraying.
After colour band top coat layer 50 is completed, in mass-tone area application mass-tone finish paint.The application of mass-tone finish paint preferably many empty one is in fact
Spraying coating process, in the embodiment of the invention, step S4 is specifically：First by membrane pump flush coater to mass-tone face
Paint carries out empty spray, and its nozzle model 1.1mm, air pressure are 0.4-0.6Mpa, spray distance is 150-300mm, spraying speed
Spend for 50-70cm/s, dry 10-20min is then dodged at ambient temperature.It is dry more than twice according to the empty spray/sudden strain of a muscle of technique so, most
After carry out real spray, it is that spraying rate is 30-40cm/s with difference of empty spray, and other process conditions are constant.Or can also
The spray distance controlled in real spray process is 250-300mm, and spraying rate is 30-40cm/s, and other process conditions are jetted through with void
Process conditions in journey are consistent.
After the completion of mass-tone finish paint application, it is dried, the drying process that this area can be taken conventional is carried out, the present invention
This is not particularly limited, in the embodiment of the invention, the mode of natural drying is taken, that is, is dried at room temperature for 24h
More than；In another specific embodiment of the invention, more than 2h is dried at a temperature of 60 DEG C or so, finally gives mass-tone finish paint
Layer 60, its thickness is 60-100 μm.
Before application mass-tone finish paint, the zone that can also check colors first carries out positioning protection, such as using with colour band area width
The on all four positioning buffer zone of degree is completely covered on the surface of colour band top coat layer 50, and the application of mass-tone finish paint is then implemented again.
Mass-tone finish paint preferably with the topcoat material of floating coating good bonding strength, solvent based coating, such as propylene can be selected
Sour polyurethane finish, or conventional environment-friendly water-based finish paint.
Because mass-tone finish paint takes the spraying coating process of an above-mentioned how empty reality, make the solvent in mass-tone finish paint (such as organic
Solvent or water) can fully volatilize, it is to avoid there is the problems such as prickly heat, orange peel, shrinkage cavity in mass-tone finish paint.
Also, the process conditions such as above-mentioned specific spraying rate and spray distance, are more beneficial for acquisition thickness more uniform
Mass-tone top coat layer 60, further increase the coating quality and painting effect of rail passenger car body face coat.
Finally it should be noted that：Above example only to illustrate technical scheme, rather than a limitation；Although
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still may be used
To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coating process of trolley coach, it is characterised in that the step of carrying out including order below：
In the car body surface application floating coating of premenstrual process, it is dried, obtains the first floating coating layer that thickness is 30-50 μm；
Defect mending is carried out to the first floating coating layer surface；
In mass-tone area application floating coating, subsequently in colour band area application colour band finish paint, it is dried, obtains second basecoat enamelled coating and colour band face
Enamelled coating；
In mass-tone area application mass-tone finish paint, it is dried, obtains mass-tone top coat layer.
2. coating process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to be coated before the mass-tone area application floating coating
Spaced between the position and colour band area of dress floating coating, the width at the interval is 0.15-0.5 times of colour band sector width.
3. coating process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the colour band top coat layer is 40-100 μm.
4. the coating process according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the application of the colour band finish paint, including following suitable
The step of sequence is carried out：
1) in colour band area void color spray band finish paint；
2) band finish paint of checking colors carries out dodging dry；
3) repeat step 1) and 2) at least 1 time；
4) in colour band area reality color spray band finish paint.
5. coating process according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step 1) include：In colour band area void color spray band finish paint,
Form the layer that thickness is for 5-10 μm.
6. coating process according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in colour band area during void color spray band finish paint, spray distance
For 200-300mm, spraying rate is 50-70cm/s.
7. coating process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the mass-tone finish paint is 40-100 μm.
8. the coating process according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that the application of the mass-tone finish paint, including following suitable
The step of sequence is carried out：
1) in the empty spray mass-tone finish paint in mass-tone area；
2) mass-tone finish paint is carried out dodging dry；
3) repeat step 1) and 2) at least 1 time；
4) mass-tone finish paint is sprayed in fact in mass-tone area.
9. coating process according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step 1) include：In the empty spray mass-tone finish paint in mass-tone area,
Form the layer that thickness is for 5-10 μm.
10. coating process according to claim 9, it is characterised in that in mass-tone area during empty spray mass-tone finish paint, spray distance
For 150-300mm, spraying rate is 50-70cm/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611141602.4A CN106622906A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | Coating method for railway vehicle |
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| CN201611141602.4A CN106622906A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | Coating method for railway vehicle |
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| CN201611141602.4A Pending CN106622906A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | Coating method for railway vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109606402A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-12 | 通号轨道车辆有限公司 | A kind of rail vehicle carbon steel vehicle anticorrosion process and car body |
| CN109731755A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-10 | 佛山市酷狄五金有限公司 | A kind of vacuum cup spray painting improvement technique |
| CN112983033A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Method for repairing floor cloth of railway vehicle |
| CN113680628A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 福建省闽铝轻量化汽车制造有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving aluminum alloy van-type transportation semitrailer van body coating process |
| CN114762851A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-19 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车有限公司 | Spraying method for improving painting rate of outer plate of automobile body |
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| CN102773210A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-14 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Method for coating treatment of body finishing paint of railway vehicle |
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| CN102773210A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-11-14 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Method for coating treatment of body finishing paint of railway vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109731755A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-10 | 佛山市酷狄五金有限公司 | A kind of vacuum cup spray painting improvement technique |
| CN109606402A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-12 | 通号轨道车辆有限公司 | A kind of rail vehicle carbon steel vehicle anticorrosion process and car body |
| CN112983033A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Method for repairing floor cloth of railway vehicle |
| CN113680628A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 福建省闽铝轻量化汽车制造有限公司 | Efficient and energy-saving aluminum alloy van-type transportation semitrailer van body coating process |
| CN114762851A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-19 | 广汽埃安新能源汽车有限公司 | Spraying method for improving painting rate of outer plate of automobile body |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |