CN106618678A - Infrapatellar fat pad excision device - Google Patents

Infrapatellar fat pad excision device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106618678A
CN106618678A CN201710059754.8A CN201710059754A CN106618678A CN 106618678 A CN106618678 A CN 106618678A CN 201710059754 A CN201710059754 A CN 201710059754A CN 106618678 A CN106618678 A CN 106618678A
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China
Prior art keywords
fat pad
ligamentum patellae
locating rod
rod
exsector
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CN201710059754.8A
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CN106618678B (en
Inventor
王波
王双虎
季卫平
范秋平
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Lishui City Peoples Hospital
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Lishui City Peoples Hospital
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/3205Excision instruments

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of orthopedic surgery tools, and in particular relates to structure of an infrapatellar fat pad quantitative excision tool. An infrapatellar fat pad excision device comprises a patellar fixator, a locating rod, a ligamentum patellae determination rod and an exsector, wherein the patellar fixator comprises a pair of calipers and a ligamentum patellae fixing rod. With the application of the infrapatellar fat pad excision device, excessive infrapatellar fat pads can be excised to expose an operation field, and meanwhile, dense vascular areas of the infrapatellar fat pads can be effectively reserved, so as to relieve complications which are caused by excising the dense vascular areas together with the infrapatellar fat pads which are excised too much; the excision device is convenient for doctors of joint surgery to operate; and the excision device is conducive to the implementation of a total knee replacement operation.

Description

A kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising
Technical field
Patent of the present invention belongs to bone surgery apparatus field, and in particular to subpatellar fat pad quantifies the structure of resecting tool.
Background technology
According to the year end of China National Bureau of Statistics of China's statistics 2013, the people of China's Mainland total population 1,360,720,000,60 one full year of life and above people Mouthful 202,430,000 people, account for the 14.9% of total population, 65 one full year of life and the people of above population 131,610,000, account for the 9.7% of total population.Open within 2013 Begin, China's aging populations quantity will be incremented by with 10,000,000 scale, future will also double breakthrough 400,000,000 for 20 years.According to statistics As shown by data, China the elderly of more than 60 years old has 51% with knee joint osseous arthritis.In the U.S., more than 9,000,000 people Jing clinical symptoms and imaging data are diagnosed as gonitis.It is a large amount of old plus traumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis etc. Year, patient underwent the puzzlement of diseases of knee joint.The early stage expectant treatment method of diseases of knee joint mainly have living-pattern preservation, Physiotherapy, loss of weight, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug, orthopedics, crutch, closed treating etc.[2].For the old diseases of knee joint of middle and advanced stage Patient, knee replacements are important treatment means.With deepening continuously for reform and opening-up, national comprehensive strength is constantly carried Height, at present most of tertiary hospitals can carry out artificial full knee joint transposing operation for China.At present both at home and abroad for artificial total knee Whether joint replacement surgery retains subpatellar fat pad yet suffers from larger dispute, and lacks long-term Clinical Follow-up data.
Subpatellar fat pad is located at behind ligamentum patellae, between anterior intercondylar area and facies patellaris femoris bottom, there is liner and lubrication. Subpatellar fat pad rete vasculosum outside is made up of lateral inferior genicular artery, lateral superior genicular artery descending branch, and inner side is by medial inferior genicular artery liter , the descending branch on descending genicular artery kneecap, the infrapatellar branch of rami articulares arteriae descendentis genicularis constitute.The research such as Lin Yujin shows subpatellar fat pad Other position adipose tissues are different from whole body, are contained within abundant rete vasculosum, this rete vasculosum not only nutrition itself, also to ligamentum patellae With kneecap Xia Jideng adjacent tissues structure offer blood.The research of Nemschak etc. shows the abundant rete vasculosum in subpatellar fat pad It is the important blood vessels source of kneecap.The research such as Ushiyama shows rich in nerve and immunocyte in subpatellar fat pad, with product The effect of raw inflammatory factor and growth factor.Excessive excision subpatellar fat pad can cause knee joint to give birth in total knee arthroplasty Material resources change, and cause pain before patella height reduction and ligamentum patellae cripetura, knee, or even cause ligamentum patellae ischemic necrosis and kneecap bone Folding etc., traces it to its cause closely related with damage subpatellar fat pad blood supply.Therefore protect in artificial full knee joint transposing surgical procedure Subpatellar fat pad is stayed to be main academic opinion both domestic and external at present.But there is no a kind of instrument to quantify to cut off fat under kneecap at present Fat pad, so as to the instrument in thick blood vessels area is fully retained.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is:In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide A kind of device for excising that can quantify to cut off subpatellar fat pad.
To realize the purpose of the present invention, employ the following technical solutions and be achieved:
A kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising, includes patella fixing device, locating rod, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod and exsector, kneecap Fixator includes clamp and ligamentum patellae fix bar, and caliper inboard is provided with two latches, two cards are provided with the one side of clamp Block, is separately installed with the ligamentum patellae fix bar, ligamentum patellae fix bar on fixture block and is socketed with elevating lever, ligamentum patellae fix bar Side be provided with lifting knob, lift the elevating lever on the inside of knob connection and simultaneously control its lifting, be provided with epimere between elevating lever One connecting rod, the centre of connecting rod is provided with the connection fixture block that can be moved left and right, and the centre for connecting fixture block is provided with connecting hole, connecting hole On connection dop is installed, connect the upper surface that dop is fixed on the sidepiece of locating rod one, connection dop exists through the locating rod Snap fit onto in connecting hole, the other end of locating rod can be connected in the ligamentum patellae analyzing rod, on the side of ligamentum patellae analyzing rod Balancing pole is connected with, balance pipe is installed in locating rod, balancing pole is provided with the installation projection of clamping balance pipe, balance pipe clamping Installing in projection;
Slot of the both sides through connection is provided with the middle of the locating rod, the upper end of the exsector is provided with dismountable movement Block, movable block matches with slot, and exsector is arranged on the lower surface of locating rod, knife face direction and the locating rod phase of exsector Mutually it is vertically arranged, exsector is moved forward and backward along the position of slot.
Preferably:The lower side surfaces of the ligamentum patellae fix bar are provided with graduation mark.
Preferably:The bottom of the ligamentum patellae analyzing rod is provided with fixing tooth.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:Both unnecessary subpatellar fat pad can have been cut off to appear Operating field, it is also possible to effectively retain the thick blood vessels area of subpatellar fat pad, is reduced because the excision of subpatellar fat pad is excessive, will be intensive Area vasculosa cuts off in the lump, and the complication for causing, facilitate joint surgery doctor to manipulate, beneficial to entering for total knee replacement operation OK.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention;
The structural representation on ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 that Fig. 2 locating rods 2 of the present invention are arranged on;
The structural representation of Fig. 3 subpatellar fat pad resectoscope operating positions of the present invention.
1st, patella fixing device;2nd, locating rod;3rd, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod;4th, exsector;5th, clamp;6th, ligamentum patellae fix bar; 7th, elevating lever;8th, latch;9th, fixture block;10th, connecting rod;11st, fixture block is connected;12nd, knob is lifted;13rd, slot;14th, connecting hole; 15th, balance pipe;16th, balancing pole;17th, projection is installed;18th, fixing tooth;19th, movable block;20th, graduation mark;
21st, dop is connected.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is made a detailed explanation below according to accompanying drawing.
According to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising described in the present embodiment includes kneecap and fixes Device 1, locating rod 2, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 and exsector 4, patella fixing device 1 includes clamp 5 and ligamentum patellae fix bar 6, clamp 5 Inner side is provided with two latches 8, and two fixture blocks 9 are provided with the one side of clamp, the ligamentum patellae is separately installed with fixture block 9 and is consolidated Elevating lever 7 is socketed with fixed pole 6, ligamentum patellae fix bar 6, the side of ligamentum patellae fix bar 6 is provided with lifting knob 12, lifting rotation Knob 12 connection on the inside of elevating lever 7 and control its lifting, be provided with a connecting rod 10 in epimere between elevating lever 7, connecting rod 10 Centre is provided with the connection fixture block 11 that can be moved left and right, and the centre for connecting fixture block 11 is provided with connecting hole 14, is provided with connecting hole 14 Connection dop 21, connects the upper surface that dop 21 is fixed on the sidepiece of locating rod 2 one, and connection dop 21 exists through the locating rod 2 Snap fit onto in connecting hole 14, the other end of locating rod 2 can be connected to 3 in the ligamentum patellae analyzing rod, the side of ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 Balancing pole 16 is connected with face, balance pipe 15 is installed in locating rod 2, the installation that balancing pole 16 is provided with clamping balance pipe 15 is convex Block 17, balance pipe 15 is connected in installation projection 17;
Slot 13 of the both sides through connection is provided with the middle of the locating rod 2, the upper end of the exsector 4 is provided with dismountable shifting Motion block 19, movable block 19 matches with slot 13, and exsector 4 is arranged on the lower surface of locating rod 2, the knife face side of exsector 4 To being arranged in a mutually vertical manner with locating rod 2, exsector 4 is moved forward and backward along the position of slot 13, the bottom of the ligamentum patellae fix bar 6 Side surface is provided with graduation mark 20, and the bottom of the ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 is provided with fixing tooth 18.
Method of operating
1) presetting excision is made film highly
The first-selected height that there is thick blood vessels area according to film making observation subpatellar fat pad, the thick blood vessels area of subpatellar fat pad is located at Outside is other in subpatellar fat pad kneecap opens 5mm, and 14mm under apex patellae, 10mm behind ligamentum patellae are compared the approximate range of excision, Whether observation kneecap front side has deformation etc., and otherwise this device cannot be used;
2)First cut-out subpatellar fat pad
In operation, cut epidermis and be turned to side, allow subpatellar fat pad to be exposed under the visual field, fat under the kneecap on top is first cut off with knife Fat pad, is easier when so descending knife.
3)The position of mounting and adjusting resecting tool
The outside of kneecap is clamped with clamp 5, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 is placed on ligamentum patellae, fixed using the insertion of fixing tooth 18, Need to install exsector 4 in locating rod 2, then one end connection dop 21 of locating rod 2 is inserted in connecting hole 14, it is another to hold level with both hands Weighing apparatus hole 17 is inserted and is installed in projection 18, and observation ensures that locating rod 2 is horizontal positioned, and locating rod will be to be disposed vertically with balancing pole, If being viewed as inclining, clamp 5 can be held and be adjusted, until locating rod 2 and connecting rod and balancing pole are vertical configuration, such as Fruit position not enough, can connect fixture block and be finely adjusted to move left and right;
4)Adjust excision height
Fine setting is made according to physical location, rotation and lifting knob 12 adjusts the height of elevating lever 7, it is ensured that adjustable height is suitable;
5)Excision subpatellar fat pad
Locating rod 2 is removed, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod 3 is taken away, locating rod 2 is put back to, because exsector 4 is fixed on the lower end of locating rod 2, So needing slowly to be put into when putting back to, hand holds movable block and moves forward and backward the action cut, and until cutting is completed, uses pliers Deng the subpatellar fat pad of upper end after cutting is taken away.
Operating effect
Rich in nerve and immunocyte in subpatellar fat pad, with the effect for producing inflammatory factor and growth factor.Close in total knee Excessive excision subpatellar fat pad can cause knee joint biomethanics to change in section displacement technique, cause patella height to reduce and ligamentum patellae Pain before cripetura, knee, or even cause ligamentum patellae ischemic necrosis and patellar fracture etc., trace it to its cause close with damage subpatellar fat pad blood supply Cut is closed.We have found that subpatellar fat pad is fully retained can affect operation technique in artificial full knee joint transposing surgical procedure, Some patientss occur Symptomatic postoperative snap, and few some patientss are extractd snap after fat pad under arthroscope and disappeared, For the excision of subpatellar fat pad -- whether cut off, cut off it is how many, how to cut off, at present in the world to the research of this respect, still Lack particulars.
In total knee arthroplasty, excision subpatellar fat pad institute caused by kneecap tendon ischemic contracture be postoperative patella baja and One of major reason of kneecap crispatura tendinum.Subpatellar fat pad is cut off in total knee arthroplasty can cause postoperative patella height to drop It is low, cause kneecap crispatura tendinum and patella baja.Subpatellar fat pad should as far as possible be retained in total knee arthroplasty, and by art In precise manipulation and correct process the damage that can be reduced to subpatellar fat pad and its surrounding tissue, it is possible to obtain be more satisfied with Surgical effect.
Research finds, complete resection subpatellar fat pad can cause shin bone outward turning angle in knee stretching process be obviously reduced and Kneecap is substantially interior to be moved, and kneecap point pressure reduces, when reduction degree is more than knee extension in knee sprung.Therefore they recognize For subpatellar fat pad has biomechanical function, can mitigate the symptom of pain syndrome before knee. the life of kneecap can be affected after excision Material resources and motion of knee joint.Subpatellar fat pad should use up in the works in the preoperative to maintaining proximity structure blood supply to play an important role Amount retains subpatellar fat pad.
Excessive excision subpatellar fat pad can cause ligamentum patellae, kneecap ischemic in TKA arts, and postoperative patellar fracture, ligamentum patellae are short The complication such as contracting substantially increase therewith.Find that subpatellar fat pad cuts off completely can cause kneecap by the angiogram research of corpse The blood supply blocking of bone the latter half.Cut off in knee replacements 1~3 year after subpatellar fat pad, measure ligamentum patellae length Substantially shorten 2~3 mm compared with preoperative, account for 5%, it is believed that it is to reduce pole bone under the postoperative kneecaps of TKA to retain subpatellar fat pad One of key factor of folding.When subpatellar fat pad anatomical structure is with Relationship with Clinical, most authoritative proposition now is needed in TKA arts Retain subpatellar fat pad as far as possible, to maintain proximity structure blood supply.Excessive excision subpatellar fat pad can cause knee joint biomethanics Change, cause pain, sometimes ligamentum patellae cripetura before knee, or even cause ligamentum patellae ischemic necrosis and patellar fracture.Think fat under kneecap Pad has direct protective effect to kneecap tendon, while reparation of the fatty liver cell therein to kneecap tendon has important effect, to low Position kneecap has large effect.And patella baja can make the mechanical activity of patellofemoral joint that significantly change occurs, so as to Patellofemoral joint is caused to occur abnormal.It is mainly shown as under kneecap that pole can clash into tibia sites, due to moving down for kneecap The pressure that patellofemoral joint can be made increases.Research shows to retain the generation that subpatellar fat pad advantageously reduces wound complication.
Wound, abrasion, inflammation etc. cause subpatellar fat pad oedema, hyperplasia, form crowded in shin femoral joint and/or patellofemoral joint Folder clashes into, and Hoffa can be caused sick, and a series of clinical symptoms occurs, can involve the synovial membrane and tendon of correlation.When fat pad is received Stimulate to certain factor cause acute and chronic damage to produce aseptic inflammation and cause pain, oedema, bleeding, ooze out, hyperplasia, Hypertrophy, hardening, the fibr tissue denaturation between fat pad and ligamentum patellae, adhesion, machine, follow the string, make to stretch knee activity and be subject to Limit, its abundant nerve endings is subject to the chemical stimulation of inflammation to cause goinyalgia.Research show subpatellar fat pad fibrillatable with The postoperative knee joint front pain of TKA has significant correlation, and subpatellar fat pad fibrillatable can affect knee articulation degree.A lot Expert thinks fully to appear the carrying out for being more beneficial for TKA operations.Research shows to cut off subpatellar fat pad compared with fat pad is retained Compared with postoperative complications do not have too big difference, simply patient occur pain before knee probability it is little higher, it is proposed that if not shadow Sound operative doctor appears otch can retain subpatellar fat pad, otherwise then give excision.
At present Insall-Salviti indexes are the most frequently used indexes that the postoperative kneecap crispatura tendinums of TKA are assessed in clinic, but The acquisition of Insall-Salviti indexes needs 30 ° of patient's work to clap knee joint lateral projection when going down on one's knees, but still lacks in the market Weary special instrument is used for radiologic technologist, therefore a special resecting tool of research and development becomes accurate and obtains Insall- The powerful guarantee of Salviti indexes.
The apparatus of the present invention can contrast quantitative according to preoperative analysis, substantially judge the degree for cutting off, can be with art Adjustment resection, to ensure to retain the thick blood vessels area of subpatellar fat pad, it can be ensured that accurately excision seems subpatellar fat pad It is particularly important, it is to avoid day infectious-related complication generation.Individual difference is different, thus cannot it is single with embodiment as a comparison, but protect Do not carry out that consumption chemical industry operates in the recovery extent of the ligamentum patellae after staying and art substantially will get well, the probability that ligamentum patellae shortens It is much smaller.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising, it is characterised in that:Include patella fixing device, locating rod, ligamentum patellae analyzing rod And exsector, patella fixing device includes clamp and ligamentum patellae fix bar, and caliper inboard is provided with two latches, on the one side of clamp Two fixture blocks are provided with, are separately installed with fixture block in the ligamentum patellae fix bar, ligamentum patellae fix bar and are socketed with elevating lever, The side of ligamentum patellae fix bar is provided with lifting knob, lifts the elevating lever on the inside of knob connection and simultaneously controls its lifting, elevating lever it Between be provided with a connecting rod in epimere, the centre of connecting rod is provided with the connection fixture block that can be moved left and right, and the centre for connecting fixture block is provided with Connecting hole, is provided with connection dop on connecting hole, connect the upper surface that dop is fixed on the sidepiece of locating rod one, and connection dop is passed through The locating rod is being snapped fit onto in connecting hole, and the other end of locating rod can be connected in the ligamentum patellae analyzing rod, and ligamentum patellae is surveyed Balancing pole is connected with the side of fixed pole, balance pipe is installed in locating rod, the installation that balancing pole is provided with clamping balance pipe is convex Block, balance pipe is connected in installation projection;
Slot of the both sides through connection is provided with the middle of the locating rod, the upper end of the exsector is provided with dismountable movement Block, movable block matches with slot, and exsector is arranged on the lower surface of locating rod, knife face direction and the locating rod phase of exsector Mutually it is vertically arranged, exsector is moved forward and backward along the position of slot.
2. a kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ligamentum patellae fix bar Lower side surfaces are provided with graduation mark.
3. a kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ligamentum patellae analyzing rod Bottom is provided with fixing tooth.
CN201710059754.8A 2017-01-24 2017-01-24 Fat pad excision device under patella Active CN106618678B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5342368A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-08-30 Petersen Thomas D Intramedullary universal proximal tibial resector guide
US5667512A (en) * 1996-05-03 1997-09-16 Metagen, Llc Patellar resection guide
WO2000035359A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Waddell David D In situ patellar resection guide
US20040153066A1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-05 Coon Thomas M. Apparatus for knee surgery and method of use
US20140228964A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Orthopaedic International, Inc. Prosthetic implants for total knee arthroplasty
CN205626032U (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-10-12 无锡市第九人民医院 Fat pad stripper
CN206880715U (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-01-16 丽水市人民医院 A kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5342368A (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-08-30 Petersen Thomas D Intramedullary universal proximal tibial resector guide
US5667512A (en) * 1996-05-03 1997-09-16 Metagen, Llc Patellar resection guide
WO2000035359A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Waddell David D In situ patellar resection guide
US20040153066A1 (en) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-05 Coon Thomas M. Apparatus for knee surgery and method of use
US20140228964A1 (en) * 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Orthopaedic International, Inc. Prosthetic implants for total knee arthroplasty
CN205626032U (en) * 2016-03-25 2016-10-12 无锡市第九人民医院 Fat pad stripper
CN206880715U (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-01-16 丽水市人民医院 A kind of subpatellar fat pad device for excising

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