CN106614242A - Preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation - Google Patents
Preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106614242A CN106614242A CN201611244437.5A CN201611244437A CN106614242A CN 106614242 A CN106614242 A CN 106614242A CN 201611244437 A CN201611244437 A CN 201611244437A CN 106614242 A CN106614242 A CN 106614242A
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- oyster
- seedling
- oyster seedling
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- seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/02—Receptacles specially adapted for transporting live fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation. The method comprises the step that (1) selecting the seed ostrea rivularis: choosing the seed ostrea rivularis which has less attaching organisms on the seed ostrea rivularis shells and is attached to each string; (2) putting the seed ostrea rivularis into a transportation tank, immersing the seed ostrea rivularis in seawater and adding preservative to the seawater; (3) after the immersion, fishing out the seed ostrea rivularis, packing and transporting. By the adoption of the preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation, the processed seed ostrea rivularis is enhanced in the vigor, high in survival rate, enhanced in the high-temperature resistant ability, and even in high-temperature weather, transportation is capable of conducting and therefore the transportation flexibility is significantly enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, more particularly to the preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport.
Background technology
Crassostrea rivularis, also known as big oyster, raw oyster, are one of big famous and precious marine products of Guangxi Qinzhou four, and meat can be eaten raw, also can be processed into
Dried oyster, oyster sauce.Big oyster oyster meat is the aquatic products with very high nutrition and health care of high protein, low fat, delicious flavour, oyster
Meat protein content is nutritious more than 40%, delicious flavour, have the title of " marine milk ", while can also be used as medicine.Big oyster meat
Rich in taurine, human brain development can be promoted.Crassostrea rivularis is nutritious, and it is propagated artificially and is concentrated mainly on Guangdong, Guangxi and good fortune
Build a band.It is precious that Crassostrea rivularis is whole body, and except eating something rare, it may also be used for be processed into oyster sauce, dried oyster, shell can also be fired
Lime or the calcium source as feed.In recent years charcoal burns raw oyster and is seen everywhere in streets and lanes, and sashimi oyster is also constantly sold well dining table, depth
Liked by consumers in general, this undoubtedly also upsurge of the raw oyster of boosting cultivation.In Guangdong, Yangjiang, Zhanjiang, the Taishan, Shanwei and
The ground such as Zhuhai are all the main producing regions of raw oyster.Raw oyster cultured area constantly expanding, yield constantly rising, but, finished product oyster is still
So every year supply falls short of demand.
Oyster shell is to be adjusted to be formed by biomineralization by organic matter, i.e., with a small amount of organic matter macromolecular (protein, sugared egg
White or polysaccharide) it is framework, molecule manipulation, the multiple microlayer structures of the high-sequential of composition are carried out in units of calcium carbonate.Oyster
The material composition of shell is divided into inanimate matter and organic matter two parts.Inanimate matter part accounts for oyster shell quality 90% based on calcium carbonate
More than, wherein calcium constituent accounts for (39.78 ± 0.23) %, additionally containing the various trace elements of copper, iron, zinc, manganese, strontium etc. 20.It is male
The organic principle of oyster shell accounts for the 3-5% of oyster shell quality, containing 17 kinds of amino acid such as glycine, cystine, methionine.Shell
Organic matter fractions be divided into SOM and insoluble organic matter again, its content with shell species it is different with growth period and
It is different, the 0.01-10% of shell dry mass is typically constituted from, wherein SOM content is less, accounts for 0.03-5%.
Oyster belongs to natural marine product, and mainly by the algae job in filter food seawater, cultivation risk is relatively low, production is easy to pipe
Reason, technology are easy to grasp.In recent years, raw oyster cultivation is developed from beach toward shallow sea, is supported toward hanging culture mode development, finished product oyster mu from inserting
Yield constantly rises, and becomes the pillar industry of China's Coastal Areas, has effectively driven coastal fisherman's increased income to get rich.Always
Since, the seed that raw oyster is propagated artificially picks up from natural marine site.Guangdong and ALONG GUANGXI COAST have abundant natural Crassostrea rivularis money
Source, annual 5 to August part is the egg-laying season of Crassostrea rivularis.For a long time Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces area defines Yangjiang, Zhuhai, Zhanjiang, platform
The oyster kind of the natural base of collecting seedling of several big Crassostrea rivularis such as mountain, Shenzhen, Qiezhou, Guangdong and ALONG GUANGXI COAST cultivation is all by these fields of collecting seedling
Supply.In the recent period, reflect according to many insiders, oyster seedling industry allows of no optimist, many places are all difficult to adopt seedling.In investigation
It was found that, several big natural oyster seedling collection fields such as Yangjiang, Zhanjiang, the Shenzhen in Guangdong are just on the verge of to disappear, at present the oyster seedling of cultivation portion big absolutely
Point picking up from Zhuhai and the Taishan, the Qiezhou in Guangxi can still supply at present oyster seedling, but fry quality also occurs in that unstable situation.
At present, the transport of oyster seedling adopts fortune dry from water, selects cloudy cloudy weather or night to be transported, it is to avoid because of the sun
According to shining, temperature is too high to cause oyster seedling stem dead, because weather, greatly restriction is generated to transport.
The content of the invention
The invention provides the preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, the oyster seedling for processing, vigor enhancing, survival rate
Height, resisting the ability of high temperature also strengthens, and enhances the flexibility of transport, the big seawater of salinity difference is adapted to, for cultivation
Base and oyster seedling base both increase convenience.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, comprises the steps:
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment oyster seedling；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, antistaling agent is added in seawater；
3) after soaking, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain oyster shell meal；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, after cryogenic freezing and low-temperature distillation drying are carried out successively
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -80--120 DEG C；
4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed：The material that 3. step is obtained adds pure water to be well mixed, with a high speed
Emulsification pretreatment machine process, is then processed with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain fresh-keeping
Agent.
Step 1 of the present invention) described in often string rope attachment oyster seedling, preferred every string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell.
Step 2) described in addition antistaling agent, preferably according to seawater weight 0.1-0.5% add.
Step 2) 2. described crushing, preferably granularity is crushed in 80-100 mesh with ball mill；Step 2) it is 3. described
Cryogenic freezing, preferable temperature 0--18 DEG C, more preferably -10--18 DEG C；Step 2) 4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding process,
It is preferred that the material that 3. step is obtained adds 5-6 times of weight pure water to be well mixed, with high-speed shearing emulsion machine 5- is processed
10min, is then processed with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment in 25 DEG C, and processing pressure is 60-80MPa, number of processes
For 2-3 time, paste serous material is obtained.
Step 3) described in immersion, preferred immersion 6-8 hours.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention：
1st, freeze grinding technology, because the price of refrigerant is higher, is restricted, the now in actual industrial production
Succeeded using useless cold liquid nitrogen of producing during natural gas gasifying, liquid nitrogen prices, freeze grinding technology is just developed, but
The technology application aquaculture has not been reported.Ultralow temperature crushing technology is present invention employs, oyster shell is carried out successively low temperature
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media after freezing, low-temperature distillation drying, low temperature powder is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -80-120 DEG C
It is broken, using low temperature brittleness characteristic, the material for being difficult to crush in thermal sensitivity or normal temperature can be crushed, prevent rotten when crushing.
2nd, the present invention processes the oyster husk as raw material for obtaining using high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding, not using adventitious solvent,
Material can be directly crushed to the powerful shearing force and impulsive force produced by the process of high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding cellular level,
The inanimate matter contained in oyster shell and organic matter are crushed, small of the solvable or insoluble trace element of formation and amino acid etc.
Grain, being added to cultivation has in the seawater of oyster seedling, beneficial to the absorption of oyster seedling, enhances the nutrition of oyster seedling, enhances the environment of oyster seedling
Adaptability.
3rd, the transport of oyster seedling does fortune, from base to cultivation base of collecting seedling, haulage time meeting typically in the 5-8 months using from water
Lasted for a few hours to for ten a few houres, temperature is too high to cause oyster seedling stem dead according to shining to avoid because of the sun, select cloudy cloudy weather or
Night is transported, because weather, greatly restriction is generated to transport.Using the method for the present invention, the oyster seedling for processing is living
Power strengthens, and survival rate is high, resists the ability of high temperature and also strengthens, even if in hot weather, it is also possible to transport, greatly strengthen transport
Flexibility.
4th, big oyster cultivation base is distributed in Guangxi Qinzhou, the North Sea, Port of Fangcheng, Zhuhai, the Taishan, Yangjiang, the Huizhou in Guangdong etc.
Ground, each cultivation base salinity of contemporaneity has difference, and seawater salinity is between 6.5-32 ‰, and seawater salinity difference is too big,
It is unfavorable for the growth of oyster seedling, so, now, purchase oyster seedling when, can by the seawater salinity of cultivation base with oyster seedling base sea
Salinity water is compared, and selects the oyster seedling in the oyster seedling base that salinity is closer to.Such operation, for cultivation base and oyster
Seedling base is all pretty troublesome, and the seawater salinity of two places not necessarily can be matched.And passing through the method for the present invention, the oyster seedling for processing is living
Power strengthens, and adaptability also strengthens, and the big seawater of salinity difference is adapted to, for cultivation base and oyster seedling base both increase
Convenience.
Specific embodiment
Below with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
The preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, comprises the steps:
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.1% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 6 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 80 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, carries out successively 0 DEG C of cryogenic freezing and low-temperature distillation is dried
Afterwards with liquid nitrogen as abrasive media, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -80 DEG C；
4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed, and the material for preferably 3. obtaining step adds 5 times of weight pure water mixing
Uniformly, 10min is processed with high-speed shearing emulsion machine, is then processed in 25 DEG C with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, located
Reason pressure is 60MPa, and number of processes is 2 times, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain antistaling agent.
Embodiment 2：
The preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, comprises the steps:
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.5% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 7 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 100 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, carries out successively -10 DEG C of cryogenic freezings and low-temperature distillation is dry
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media after dry, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -100 DEG C；
4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed, and the material for preferably 3. obtaining step adds 6 times of weight pure water mixing
Uniformly, 5min is processed with high-speed shearing emulsion machine, is then processed in 25 DEG C with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, processed
Pressure is 70MPa, and number of processes is 3 times, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain antistaling agent.
Embodiment 3：
The preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, comprises the steps:
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.3% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 8 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 100 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, carries out successively -18 DEG C of cryogenic freezings and low-temperature distillation is dry
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media after dry, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -120 DEG C；
4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed, and the material for preferably 3. obtaining step adds 5 times of weight pure water mixing
Uniformly, 10min is processed with high-speed shearing emulsion machine, is then processed in 25 DEG C with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, located
Reason pressure is 80MPa, and number of processes is 2 times, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain antistaling agent.
Comparative example 1：
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport.
Comparative example 2：
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.3% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 8 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 100 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, carries out successively -18 DEG C of cryogenic freezings and low-temperature distillation is dry
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media after dry, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -120 DEG C；
4. heating extraction：The material that 3. step is obtained adds the pure water of 5 times of weight to be well mixed, and heating extraction, carries
Liquid centrifugation is taken, 10000r/min, 5min, the slag for obtaining adds the pure water of 5 times of weight heating extraction, extract centrifugation,
10000r/min, 5min, merge supernatant, are dried to obtain antistaling agent.
Comparative example 3：
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.3% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 8 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 100 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, carries out successively -18 DEG C of cryogenic freezings and low-temperature distillation is dry
With liquid nitrogen as abrasive media after dry, low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -120 DEG C, obtain antistaling agent.
Comparative example 4：
The preservation method of Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling transport, comprises the steps:
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, there is 8-12 in each group
Individual oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, according to the 0.3% of seawater weight antistaling agent is added；
3) after soaking 8 hours, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain 100 mesh oyster shell meal with ball mill；
3. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed, and the material for preferably 3. obtaining step adds 5 times of weight pure water mixing
Uniformly, 10min is processed with high-speed shearing emulsion machine, is then processed in 25 DEG C with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, located
Reason pressure is 80MPa, and number of processes is 2 times, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain antistaling agent.
Experimental example：
In July, 2016, from the river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi marine site of Qiezhou gantry 72 oyster seedling that nearby (salinity 25 ‰) is obtained, in being transported to Guangdong
Mountain city Nan Lang Zhenghai domain is nearby (salinity 14 ‰).
Each way chooses at random 5 string ropes, there are about oyster seedling 90-160, counts the dead number after oyster seedling to cultivation base.
(dead number/sum)
Conclusion：The sample result of embodiment 3 is better than comparative example.
Claims (5)
1. the preservation method that Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling is transported, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
1) oyster seedling is selected：Select aufwuch on oyster seedling shell few, often string rope attachment oyster seedling；
2) oyster seedling is put in transhipment pond, with seawater immersion, antistaling agent is added in seawater；
3) after soaking, oyster seedling is pulled out, vanning transport；
Step 2) described in antistaling agent, obtained using following preparation method：
1. washing：Discarded oyster shell is cleaned with clear water, the silt and impurity on oyster shell surface is removed；
2. it is dried：The oyster shell that 1. step is obtained is dried, crushes to obtain oyster shell meal；
3. low-temperature grinding：The oyster shell meal that 2. step is obtained, is carried out successively after cryogenic freezing and low-temperature distillation drying with liquid
Nitrogen is abrasive media, and low-temperature grinding is carried out with super-low temperature pulverizator at -80--120 DEG C；
4. high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding is processed：The material that 3. step is obtained adds pure water to be well mixed, and uses high speed shear
Mulser process, is then processed with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment, obtains paste serous material, is dried to obtain antistaling agent.
2. the preservation method that Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling according to claim 1 is transported, it is characterised in that：Step 1) described in it is every
String rope attachment oyster seedling, refers to every string rope attachment 2-3 groups oyster seedling, and there are 8-12 oyster seedling, the long 10-12cm of oyster seedling shell in each group.
3. the preservation method that Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling according to claim 1 is transported, it is characterised in that：Step 2) described in plus
Enter antistaling agent, add according to the 0.1-0.5% of seawater weight.
4. the preservation method that Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling according to claim 1 is transported, it is characterised in that：Step 2) it is 2. described
Crushing, be that granularity is crushed in 80-100 mesh, step 2 with ball mill) 3. described cryogenic freezing, temperature 0--18 DEG C, step
Rapid 4. described high pressure microjet ultramicro grinding 2) is processed, and the material that 3. step is obtained adds 5-6 times of weight pure water to mix
Close uniform, 5-10min is processed with high-speed shearing emulsion machine, then with high pressure microjet Ultra-Micro Grinding Equipment at 25 DEG C
Reason, processing pressure is 60-80MPa, and number of processes is 2-3 time.
5. the preservation method that Crassostrea rivularis oyster seedling according to claim 1 is transported, it is characterised in that：Step 3) described in leaching
Bubble, soaks 6-8 hours.
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| CN201611244437.5A CN106614242A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation |
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| CN201611244437.5A CN106614242A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Preservation method of seed ostrea rivularis transportation |
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| JP2000175595A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-27 | ▲高▼梨 直治 | Transportation of live fish |
| CN102773140A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-11-14 | 王志平 | Manufacturing method for ultrafine shell powder |
| CN102613117A (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2012-08-01 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for increasing ice-temperature anhydrous transportation survival rate of turbots |
| CN103636539A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 张继彪 | Patinopecten yessoensis offspring seed life-keeping conveying method |
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| 赵余庆 等: "《食疗与保健食品原料功能因子手册》", 31 March 2013, 中国国药科技出版社 * |
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