CN106613090A - Artichoke dwarfing culture technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an artichoke dwarfing culture technique. The artichoke dwarfing culture technique comprises the following steps of 1 variety selecting, 2, seedling raising, 3 transplanting, 4 fertilizing, 5 topping, 6 paclobutrazol spraying, 7 field managing method conducting and 8 harvesting. The artichoke dwarfing culture technique has the advantages that due to the fact that the technique comprises measures which are adopted for achieving the purposes of dwarfing plants and promoting branching, top buds are picked off once the plants reach the height, the top buds are not included in harvested products, therefore, the plant shape can be effectively controlled to enable the plants to be in a cylindrical shape, and then the purposes of resisting wind damage and increasing the yield are achieved; when the condition that the plants overgrow due to more fertilizer and water occurs, an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol is sprayed for regulation and control; after topping is conducted, branches of artichokes are increased to be 5-7 from original 3-5, and the yield is increased by 10%-15%; by means of dwarfing culture, fibrosis of flower buds of the artichokes is reduced, the commodity rate is greatly increased, and the advantages are achieved more significantly in the dry season.

Description

A kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical method

Technical field

The present invention relates to biological technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical method.

Background technology

Globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), also known as arithoke, cynara scolymus, lotus lily etc., it is that composite family cynara scolymus belongs to for many years Raw herbaceous plant, eats part for meat holder and the pulp of phyllary base portion.With work(such as liver protecting, reduction blood fats Effect, because it is of high nutritive value, is described as " emperors of vegetables ".In America and Europe, it has also become the requisite vegetables of people and food.From court Cynarin, chlorogenic acid for extracting in fresh Ji etc. are had been widely used in medicine, food, field of health care products.Therefore, globe artichoke Development prospect is boundless.

Globe artichoke is perennial root plant, originates in Mediterranean, external always to adopt perennial cultivation method, 5-7 Year updates 1 time.In China, most of growing area belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, the Etesian climate difference with globe artichoke original producton location Substantially, though therefore globe artichoke can survive the winter in China, difficulty of aestivating.Therefore, globe artichoke mostly is annual cultivation in China.1 year The globe artichoke root system of raw cultivation pricks soil not enough deeply, and in addition globe artichoke plant is tall and big, and in China's plant height 1.2-1.5 rice, institute are generally Strong wind is met with globe artichoke and is very easy to lodging or the stem that fractures, especially in lake region, such case is caused than more serious to peasant household Loss is big.Therefore, the bush type culture of globe artichoke is significant.

The content of the invention

For the problem in above-mentioned background technology, present invention aim at providing a kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical side Method.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical method, comprises the steps：

（1）Fruit variety

According to cultivation purpose, corresponding kind, such as processing type kind, fresh type kind or ornamental type kind are selected；Breeding time The early-maturing variety within 220 days is selected, benefit is more preferable；

（2）Nursery

By the end of August or at the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube or hole plate seedling growth, matrix will sterilize, and control humidity, and When diseases prevention；

（3）Transplant

By the end of September or at the beginning of 10 months, start to transplant when Ji seedling there are three leaves wholeheartedly；Using covering with ground sheeting, Ridged plant；Row spacing 70cm, Furrow width 40cm a, ridge plants a line, and Transplanting Density is 70cm × 110cm；Before transplanting, per mu of 100 ~ 120ml of Acetochlor of use 50% enters Weeding before row bud, subsequent epiphragma；

（4）Fertilising

Total fertilization amount, purity nitrogen 30kg, phosphorus pentoxide 15kg, potassium oxide 20kg apply fertilizer based on base manure, and the later stage imposes bud fertilizer It is fertile with flower bud is adopted, note boron make-up, zinc microelement；

（5）Pinch

At the beginning of the 4 months by the end of March coming year, when up to 0.6 meter of globe artichoke plant length, you can extract stem bud, make globe artichoke last Plant height is protected

Hold in 0.8-1.0 rice；Weak to growing way, the not sturdy plant of stalk is postponed and pinching in good time；

（6）Spray paclobutrazol

Foliage-spray is taken, with 300 times of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder；The preferable plot of fertility level sprays 2 times, sprays by the end of March Apply once, 4

The first tenday period of a month moon spray once；The general plot of fertility level, early April sprays once then may be used；

（7）Field management method

1. hold " three ditches " successfully, accumulated water is excluded in time, accomplish that rain lives in Tian Gan, root system is fully grown；

2. suckering plant and sick leaf dead leaf are pulled out in time, keep the ventilation and penetrating light in land for growing field crops；

3. in bolting squaring period, be to need fertile peak period, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress, it is ensured that rich water is supplied；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid

Spray 1 time, optionally prevent and treat later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, per mu of use Sharp antimycin 1 000

Times liquid, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring roots preventing and treatings, forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

5. other field management methods are identical with the common cultivation method of globe artichoke；

（8）Harvesting

There is gloss when bud outside is dark green, can pluck when base portion bract is soon opened；Start harvesting at the beginning of general 4 months, by the end of May Terminate.

It is an advantage of the invention that：1st, this technology is by dwarfed plant and the measure taken for the purpose of promoting branch, so When plant height once reaches, that is, top flower bud is extractd, top flower bud is not do cutting.So we make strain with regard to energy effective control plant type Type becomes cylindric, and then resists disaster caused by a windstorm and increase yield.2nd, encounter that rich water is more, the situation of plant overgrowing is sprayed appropriate Paclobutrazol regulates and controls.3rd, after by pinching, the branch of globe artichoke increases to 5-7 by former 3-5, and yield increases 10-15%. 4th, by bush type culture, globe artichoke bud fibrillatable is reduced, and commodity rate is greatly improved, and especially arid season performance is more notable.

Specific embodiment

The following examples can illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.

Embodiment 1：

A kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical method, comprises the steps：

（1）Fruit variety

According to cultivation purpose, corresponding kind, such as processing type kind, fresh type kind or ornamental type kind are selected；Breeding time The early-maturing variety within 220 days is selected, benefit is more preferable；

（2）Nursery

By the end of August or at the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube or hole plate seedling growth, matrix will sterilize, and control humidity, and When diseases prevention；

（3）Transplant

By the end of September or at the beginning of 10 months, start to transplant when Ji seedling there are three leaves wholeheartedly；Using covering with ground sheeting, Ridged plant；Row spacing 70cm, Furrow width 40cm a, ridge plants a line, and Transplanting Density is 70cm × 110cm；Before transplanting, per mu of 100 ~ 120ml of Acetochlor of use 50% enters Weeding before row bud, subsequent epiphragma；

（4）Fertilising

Total fertilization amount, purity nitrogen 30kg, phosphorus pentoxide 15kg, potassium oxide 20kg apply fertilizer based on base manure, and the later stage imposes bud fertilizer It is fertile with flower bud is adopted, note boron make-up, zinc microelement；

（5）Pinch

At the beginning of the 4 months by the end of March coming year, when up to 0.6 meter of globe artichoke plant length, you can extract stem bud, make globe artichoke last Plant height is protected

Hold in 0.8-1.0 rice；Weak to growing way, the not sturdy plant of stalk is postponed and pinching in good time；

（6）Spray paclobutrazol

Foliage-spray is taken, with 300 times of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder；The preferable plot of fertility level sprays 2 times, sprays by the end of March Apply once, 4

The first tenday period of a month moon spray once；The general plot of fertility level, early April sprays once then may be used；

（7）Field management method

1. hold " three ditches " successfully, accumulated water is excluded in time, accomplish that rain lives in Tian Gan, root system is fully grown；

2. suckering plant and sick leaf dead leaf are pulled out in time, keep the ventilation and penetrating light in land for growing field crops；

3. in bolting squaring period, be to need fertile peak period, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress, it is ensured that rich water is supplied；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid

Spray 1 time, optionally prevent and treat later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, per mu of use Sharp antimycin 1 000

Times liquid, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring roots preventing and treatings, forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

5. other field management methods are identical with the common cultivation method of globe artichoke；

（8）Harvesting

There is gloss when bud outside is dark green, can pluck when base portion bract is soon opened；Start harvesting at the beginning of general 4 months, by the end of May Terminate.

The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, technology according to the present invention scheme and its Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of globe artichoke bush type culture technical method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：

（1）Fruit variety

According to cultivation purpose, corresponding kind, such as processing type kind, fresh type kind or ornamental type kind are selected；Breeding time The early-maturing variety within 220 days is selected, benefit is more preferable；

（2）Nursery

By the end of August or at the beginning of September, fair weather sowing is selected；Using nutritive cube or hole plate seedling growth, matrix will sterilize, and control humidity, and When diseases prevention；

（3）Transplant

By the end of September or at the beginning of 10 months, start to transplant when Ji seedling there are three leaves wholeheartedly；Using covering with ground sheeting, Ridged plant；Row spacing 70cm, Furrow width 40cm a, ridge plants a line, and Transplanting Density is 70cm × 110cm；Before transplanting, per mu of 100 ~ 120ml of Acetochlor of use 50% enters Weeding before row bud, subsequent epiphragma；

（4）Fertilising

Total fertilization amount, purity nitrogen 30kg, phosphorus pentoxide 15kg, potassium oxide 20kg apply fertilizer based on base manure, and the later stage imposes bud fertilizer It is fertile with flower bud is adopted, note boron make-up, zinc microelement；

（5）Pinch

At the beginning of the 4 months by the end of March coming year, when up to 0.6 meter of globe artichoke plant length, you can extract stem bud, make globe artichoke last Plant height is protected

Hold in 0.8-1.0 rice；Weak to growing way, the not sturdy plant of stalk is postponed and pinching in good time；

（6）Spray paclobutrazol

Foliage-spray is taken, with 300 times of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder；The preferable plot of fertility level sprays 2 times, sprays by the end of March Apply once, 4

The first tenday period of a month moon spray once；The general plot of fertility level, early April sprays once then may be used；

（7）Field management method

1. hold " three ditches " successfully, accumulated water is excluded in time, accomplish that rain lives in Tian Gan, root system is fully grown；

2. suckering plant and sick leaf dead leaf are pulled out in time, keep the ventilation and penetrating light in land for growing field crops；

3. in bolting squaring period, be to need fertile peak period, timely and appropriate discovery to topdress, it is ensured that rich water is supplied；

4. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, globe artichoke insect pest is less, mainly aphid, early March mass treatment aphid 1 time, can flutter lice aphid 2 with 10% 000 times of liquid

Spray 1 time, optionally prevent and treat later；Disease mainly has root rot and empty stem droop, in hot and humid weather, per mu of use Sharp antimycin 1 000

Times liquid, plus 50% phoxim, 500 times of pouring roots preventing and treatings, forbid the agricultural chemicals limited using national explicit order；

5. other field management methods are identical with the common cultivation method of globe artichoke；

（8）Harvesting

There is gloss when bud outside is dark green, can pluck when base portion bract is soon opened；Start harvesting at the beginning of general 4 months, by the end of May Terminate.