CN106612925B

CN106612925B - Asparagus harvester

Info

Publication number: CN106612925B
Application number: CN201710086421.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周长生; 徐福新; 徐福坤; 刘鸿祥; 黎明玉; 赵建民
Original assignee: Shandong Juxinyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Juxinyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-02-17
Filing date: 2017-02-17
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2037-02-17
Also published as: CN106612925A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly discloses an asparagus harvester. The asparagus picking machine comprises a frame, wherein a main cutting knife and a side cutting knife are arranged on the frame to cut asparagus, then the asparagus is interacted to a picking device behind the cutting knife through a wolf tooth stick and an elevator, the asparagus is picked by workers, a ditch sealing shovel capable of lifting is arranged below the elevator, and gullies generated by digging the asparagus are filled. Mechanized results asparagus need not artifical pit digging, the labour of wholesale has been saved, excavating gear excavates from three direction, excavates efficiently and has ensured the integrality of asparagus, sieve mesh formula conveyer belt directly sieves subaerially with the soil on the asparagus in the data send process, the soil on asparagus surface has basically cleared up clean up when arriving selecting device, the people sit receive on selecting device's seat pick can, seal ditch shovel and surplus soil distributing groove cooperation and put the soil of digging out together the hole, fill up ground.

Description

Asparagus harvester

(I) technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an asparagus harvester.

(II) background of the invention

The asparagus tender stem contains rich protein, vitamins, mineral substances, trace elements and the like required by a human body, in addition, the asparagus contains special asparagine and various steroidal saponin substances, and has curative effects on cardiovascular diseases, edema, cystitis and leukemia and also has an anticancer effect, so the asparagus is beneficial to the spleen and the stomach after being eaten for a long time and has a good treatment effect on a plurality of diseases of the human body. The planting area of asparagus in China is getting bigger and bigger, and the main harvesting mode of asparagus is to harvest asparagus by manual digging. In each asparagus harvesting season, the asparagus is harvested once every 5 days, the harvesting interval time is short, the efficiency of artificial vegetable bamboo shoots is low, and a large amount of labor needs to be hired every time in the asparagus harvesting season, so that the asparagus harvesting cost is increased, time and labor are wasted, and the asparagus is easily damaged. With the development of asparagus planting in large scale in Fujian, henan, shaanxi, anhui, sichuan, tianjin and other areas of China, the harvesting mode of manually digging asparagus can not meet the production requirement of harvesting asparagus in large area, and the development and production of an asparagus harvester is urgently needed to improve the harvesting efficiency of asparagus, reduce the labor intensity of workers, save a large amount of labor and reduce the production cost.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention provides an asparagus harvester capable of rapidly harvesting asparagus in a large scale in order to make up for the defects of the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an asparagus harvester comprises a frame and is characterized in that the front end of the frame is hinged with a connecting rod, an excavating device is arranged on the frame and comprises a transmission shaft fixed on the frame through a bearing seat, the transmission shaft inclines forwards, a main cutting knife is arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft, two side cutting knives in the vertical direction are respectively arranged at two sides above the front of the main cutting knife, the two side cutting knives and the main cutting knife are respectively driven by a hydraulic motor to rotate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the connecting rod and the frame, and the connecting rod is connected with a traction frame through a pin shaft; excavating gear's rear is equipped with pivoted mace and lifting machine in proper order, the lifting machine includes and drives pivoted sieve mesh formula conveyer belt by driving shaft and driven shaft, is equipped with the fender apron and the vibrating device that can the back-and-forth movement between the sieve mesh formula conveyer belt that forms the annular, respectively is equipped with the ditch shovel that seals that can go up and down in lifting machine below both sides, the front end that seals the ditch shovel leans out, the lifting machine rear is equipped with selects the device, selects the device rear and is equipped with the surplus soil distributing groove.

The picking device comprises a conveying type picking belt located behind a lifting machine, operating platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying type picking belt, and operating chairs are arranged on the operating platforms.

And a sunshade is arranged above the sorting device.

An intermediate shaft is arranged between the driving shaft and the driven shaft and is higher than the plane where the driving shaft and the driven shaft are located.

The residual soil distribution groove comprises a hopper, and a plurality of shunting grooves are arranged on the hopper.

The main cutter and the side cutters are both disc-shaped.

The number of the transmission shafts is two.

The soil blocking plate is connected with the soil blocking hydraulic cylinder.

And two sides of the upper part of the elevator are respectively provided with a hydraulic oil tank, and an air-cooled hydraulic oil cooler is arranged above each hydraulic oil tank.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

the asparagus is harvested mechanically, manual pit digging and digging are not needed, the labor force is saved greatly, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. Four cutting knives of excavating gear cut soil excavation from vertical and two directions of level, excavate efficiently and guaranteed the integrality of asparagus, the soil piece that contains the asparagus of excavating is on the lifting machine via the wolf teeth stick propelling movement that rubber was done, the soil on the asparagus is directly sieved subaerially in the transfer process to the sieve mesh formula conveyer belt, the soil on asparagus surface has basically been cleared up when arriving the sorting device, the people sit and receive on the seat of sorting device and choose can, seal ditch shovel and the cooperation of surplus soil distributing groove and put together the hole with the soil of excavating, fill up ground, make things convenient for the asparagus to grow after filling up ground.

Description of the drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the main cutter and the side cutter of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a right-view structural schematic diagram of the surplus soil distribution groove.

In the figure, 1 machine frame, 2 connecting rods, 3 cross universal joints, 4 traction frames, 5 transmission shafts, 6 bearing seats, 7 hydraulic motors, 8 main cutting knives, 9 side cutting knives, 10 lifting hydraulic cylinders, 11 wolf tooth bars, 12 driving shafts, 13 driven shafts, 14 intermediate shafts, 15 sieve mesh type conveyor belts, 16 soil retaining plates, 17 vibration devices, 18 ditch sealing shovels, 19 vertical hydraulic cylinders, 20 conveying type sorting belts, 21 operating platforms, 22 operating chairs, 23 sunshades, 24 residual soil distribution grooves, 25 diversion grooves, 26 hoppers, 27 speed changing boxes, 28 soil retaining hydraulic cylinders, 29 hydraulic oil tanks, 30 air-cooled hydraulic oil coolers and 31 hydraulic oil tanks.

(V) detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the invention. As shown in figures 1 to 3, the asparagus harvester comprises a frame 1, wherein the front end of the frame 1 is hinged with a connecting rod 2, the connecting rod 2 is connected with a traction frame 4 through a pin shaft, and the traction frame 4 is used for being connected with a tractor to drive the asparagus harvester to move forward; a parking support is arranged at the lower part in front of the rack, a gearbox 27 is arranged on the connecting rod 2, two groups of hydraulic oil pumps connected in series are arranged on the gearbox 27, each group comprises 2 hydraulic oil pumps, the gearbox 27 on the rack 1 is connected with a cross universal joint 3, the cross universal joint 3 is used for being connected with a tractor, an excavating device is arranged on the rack 1 close to the connecting rod 2 and comprises two transmission shafts 5 which are arranged left and right and are provided with forward inclined upper ends, each transmission shaft 5 is fixed on the rack 1 through a bearing seat 6, the top end of each transmission shaft 5 is connected with a hydraulic motor 7, the lower end of each transmission shaft 5 is connected with a main cutting knife 8, the main cutting knife 8 is vertical to the transmission shaft 5, two side cutting knives 9 in the vertical direction are further arranged on the rack 1, the two side cutting knives 9 are positioned above the front part of the main cutting knife 8, each side cutting knife 9 is connected with a hydraulic motor 7, and the main cutting knife 8 and the side cutting knives 9 are both in a disc shape; the connecting rod 2 is connected with the frame 1 through a lifting hydraulic cylinder 10, and two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 are respectively hinged on the connecting rod 2 and the frame 1; the rear of the main cutting knife 8 is a rotatable wolf tooth rod 11, the wolf tooth rod 11 is driven to rotate by a hydraulic motor 7, the rear of the wolf tooth rod 11 is a lifting machine, the lifting machine comprises a driving shaft 12 and a driven shaft 13, the driven shaft 13 is arranged in front, the driving shaft 12 is arranged behind the driving shaft 12, the driving shaft 12 is also connected with the hydraulic motor 7, an intermediate shaft 14 is arranged between the driving shaft 12 and the driven shaft 13, the intermediate shaft 14 is arranged above the plane where the driving shaft 12 and the driven shaft 13 are located, the intermediate shaft 14 winds the driving shaft 12, the intermediate shaft 14 and the driven shaft 13 to jack up and tension a sieve mesh type conveyor belt 15, so that the sieve mesh type conveyor belt 15 is in an upward convex state, a retaining plate 16 and a vibrating device 17 are arranged between the annular sieve mesh type conveyor belts 15, the retaining plate 16 is arranged at a position close to the driven shaft 13, the retaining plate 16 is fixedly connected with a retaining hydraulic cylinder 28, the hydraulic retaining cylinder 28 is arranged along the direction of the sieve mesh type conveyor belt 15, the retaining plate 16 is driven by the retaining cylinder 28 to be driven to be pulled back and forth under the driving of the retaining cylinder 28, so as to clear away oil cooling on the sieve mesh type conveyor belt 15, two sides of the retaining oil tank 3129 are respectively arranged on two sides of the hydraulic lifting machine, and above each hydraulic oil tank, and each hydraulic oil tank 3129, and a hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic pressure type hydraulic pressure device 30 is arranged above each hydraulic pressure lifting machine. Two sides below the hoister are respectively provided with a lifting ditch sealing shovel 18, the ditch sealing shovels 18 can be lifted through a vertical hydraulic cylinder 19, and a vibration device 17 can be a vibrator or an eccentric wheel and the like driven by a hydraulic motor 7, so that the sieve mesh type conveyor belt 15 can vibrate up and down; the front ends of the two ditch sealing shovels 18 are inclined outwards to form a splayed shape; a picking device is arranged behind the elevator and comprises a conveying type picking belt 20 positioned behind the elevator, operating platforms 21 are arranged on two sides of the conveying type picking belt 20, and operating chairs 22 are arranged on the operating platforms 21. A sunshade 23 and a lighting lamp are arranged above the sorting device, a surplus soil distribution groove 24 is arranged behind the sorting device, the surplus soil distribution groove 24 comprises a hopper 26, and a plurality of diversion grooves 25 are arranged on the hopper 26.

The working process is as follows: the invention is connected to a tractor through a traction frame 4, a hydraulic oil pump is started, high-pressure oil is utilized to push a lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 to work, under the driving of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10, the included angle between a frame 1 and a connecting rod 2 is changed, so that the angle between a transmission shaft 5 and the ground is driven to change, the soil cutting depth of a main cutting knife 8 and a side cutting knife 9 is adjusted, the soil cutting depth is prevented from being too deep or too shallow, the main cutting knife 8 is cut into the ground, the frame 1 moves forwards under the driving of the tractor, simultaneously, high-pressure hydraulic oil enables a hydraulic motor 7 to rotate, then the hydraulic motor 7 drives the main cutting knife 8 and the side cutting knife 9 to rotate through the transmission shaft 5, meanwhile, other hydraulic motors 7 also respectively drive a wolf tooth bar 11 and a lifter to operate, the asparagus is cut and excavated by the main cutting knife 8 and the side cutting knife 9, the cut asparagus containing soil blocks is pushed to a lifter after the pre-crushing of the mace 11, soil on the asparagus is further crushed under the vibration of the vibrating device 17, so that the asparagus is separated from the soil, when the soil on the sieve mesh conveyor belt 15 is accumulated too much, the soil retaining plate 16 is pulled away by the soil retaining hydraulic cylinder 28, the soil falls down from sieve meshes of the sieve mesh conveyor belt 15 and returns to a farmland, the asparagus is conveyed to the conveying type sorting belt 20 by the lifter, the asparagus is sorted by an operator, part of the soil brought to the sorting belt by the asparagus is conveyed to the residual soil distribution groove 24 by the conveying type sorting belt 20 and then is distributed to the farmland by the residual soil distribution groove 24; in the process that the rack 1 moves forwards, the ditch sealing shovels 18 fill out the ditches generated by the cut asparagus, so that the cut asparagus can grow normally and cannot drill out soil.

Other technical features than those described in the specification are known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An asparagus harvester comprises a frame (1) and is characterized in that the front end of the frame (1) is hinged with a connecting rod (2), an excavating device is arranged on the frame (1) and comprises a transmission shaft (5) fixed on the frame (1) through a bearing seat (6), the transmission shaft (5) is inclined forwards, a main cutting knife (8) is arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft (5), two sides of the front upper part of the main cutting knife (8) are respectively provided with a side cutting knife (9) in the vertical direction, the two side cutting knives (9) and the main cutting knife (8) are respectively driven by a hydraulic motor (7) to rotate, a lifting hydraulic cylinder (10) is hinged between the connecting rod (2) and the frame (1), and the connecting rod (2) is connected with a traction frame (4) through a pin shaft; excavating gear's rear is equipped with pivoted mace (11) and lifting machine in proper order, the lifting machine includes and drives pivoted sieve mesh formula conveyer belt (15) by driving shaft (12) and driven shaft (13), is equipped with fender apron (16) and vibrating device (17) that can the back-and-forth movement between forming annular sieve mesh formula conveyer belt (15), respectively is equipped with a ditch shovel (18) that seals that can go up and down in lifting machine below both sides, the front end that seals ditch shovel (18) leans out, the lifting machine rear is equipped with selects the device, selects the device rear and is equipped with surplus soil distributing trough (24).

2. An asparagus harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorting device comprises a conveyor sorting belt (20) located behind the lift, operating platforms (21) are provided on both sides of the conveyor sorting belt (20), and operating chairs (22) are provided on the operating platforms (21).

3. An asparagus harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that a sunshade (23) is provided above the sorting device.

4. Asparagus harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an intermediate shaft (14) is provided between the driving shaft (12) and the driven shaft (13), said intermediate shaft (14) being higher than the plane of the driving shaft (12) and the driven shaft (13).

5. An asparagus harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the surplus soil distribution trough (24) comprises a hopper (26), wherein a plurality of splitter boxes (25) are arranged on the hopper (26).

6. Asparagus harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that the main cutter (8) and the side cutters (9) are disc-shaped.

7. Asparagus harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that said transmission shafts (5) are two in number.

8. Asparagus harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that said retaining plate (16) is connected to a retaining hydraulic cylinder (28).

9. Asparagus harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that one hydraulic oil tank (29) is provided above the lift on each side, and an air-cooled hydraulic oil cooler (30) is provided above each hydraulic oil tank (29).