CN106612899B - A secondary drum-type cleaning plant for rape combine - Google Patents

A secondary drum-type cleaning plant for rape combine Download PDF

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CN106612899B
CN106612899B CN201610944581.3A CN201610944581A CN106612899B CN 106612899 B CN106612899 B CN 106612899B CN 201610944581 A CN201610944581 A CN 201610944581A CN 106612899 B CN106612899 B CN 106612899B
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truncated cone
support
spiral
sieve
circular
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CN106612899A (en
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廖庆喜
万星宇
廖宜涛
丁幼春
王�华
李海同
蒋亚军
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01FPROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/44Grain cleaners; Grain separators
    • A01F12/446Sieving means

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvesting, which comprises an upper housing, a hollow lower housing, a circular truncated cone sieve, a feeding trough arranged on a right baffle of the lower housing, a hydraulic drive motor arranged on a left baffle of the lower housing, a discharge opening and a grass discharge opening which are formed in the lower housing, wherein a bracket connected with a harvester is arranged on a front baffle of the lower housing; the spiral surface of the spiral guide plate is a spiral surface formed by keeping a straight bus horizontal and rotating along a curved conducting wire, and the curved conducting wire is a conical spiral line. The invention is matched with a rape combine harvester with a cyclone separating and cleaning system, adopts a hydraulic driving mode, is convenient to disassemble and easy to replace, maintain and repair; the invention can separate the seeds and the impurities primarily cleaned by the cyclone separation cleaning system, can meet the requirement of the seed cleaning rate, can reduce the loss rate of the cyclone separation cleaning, and can improve the adaptability of the cyclone separation cleaning system.

Description

A secondary drum-type cleaning plant for rape combine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a matching device of a rape combine harvester in agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combine harvesting.
Background
In the combined harvest operation of rape, rape cleaning is one of the key processes, and the operation target is the threshed and separated product of rape, which mainly comprises rape seeds, short stalks, hulls and light impurities. At present, the existing rape combine harvester tries to adopt a cyclone separation cleaning system with a simple structure to complete cleaning operation. The cyclone separation cleaning is pure airflow cleaning, the main working components are a cyclone separating cylinder and a fan, negative pressure is generated in the cyclone separating cylinder through the fan, and impurities are sucked out by utilizing the difference of suspension speeds of grains and the impurities, so that the separation of the grains and the impurities is completed. However, the difference of the suspension speeds of the seeds and the short stalks in the rape threshing material is not obvious, when the rotating speed of the fan is increased to suck impurity residues, part of the seeds can be sucked away, the loss rate is increased, when the rotating speed of the fan is reduced to reduce the loss of the seeds, the impurity residues are difficult to remove, and the cleaning rate is reduced. The above phenomena limit the development of the cyclone separation cleaning system which simply adopts clean flow cleaning, and secondary cleaning is carried out by utilizing the difference of mechanical physical structures of rape seeds and short stalks so as to separate the seeds and impurities which are primarily selected by the cyclone separation cleaning again and meet the requirements of combined harvest cleaning rate and loss rate at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the secondary drum type cleaning device for the rape combined harvest, which can meet the requirement of the cleaning rate of seeds and reduce the cyclone separation and cleaning loss rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvesting comprises an upper housing, a hollow lower housing, a circular truncated cone sieve arranged in a hollow cavity formed by the lower housing and the upper housing in a matching way, a feeding trough arranged on a right baffle of the lower housing, a hydraulic drive motor arranged on a left baffle of the lower housing, a discharge opening and a grass discharge opening which are formed in the lower housing, wherein a bracket connected with a harvester is arranged on a front baffle of the lower housing; the circular truncated cone sieve comprises a circular truncated cone sieve main body, a circular truncated cone sieve support, a central shaft, a plurality of spiral guide plates, a grass discharging plate welding joint and a feeding screw conveyor welding joint, wherein the circular truncated cone sieve support is arranged in the circular truncated cone sieve main body and supports the circular truncated cone sieve main body;
the spiral surface of the spiral guide plate is a spiral surface formed by keeping a straight bus horizontal and rotating along a curved lead, and the curved lead is a conical spiral line; the length of the straight generatrix is 40-42 mm, the opening of the conical spiral line is 170-180 degrees, the diameter of the conical surface at the small end of the conical spiral line is 230-235 mm, the diameter of the conical surface at the large end of the conical spiral line is 270-275 mm, and the inclination angle of the conical surface of the conical spiral line is the same as that of the circular table top of the circular table screen main body; the spiral outer edge of the spiral guide plate extends along a curved lead to be perpendicular to the spiral surface to form a right-angle flanging used for being mounted on the circular truncated cone screen support (5.6).
Further, the number of the spiral guide plates is 2-3, and the screw pitch between the two spiral guide plates is 120-140 mm.
Furthermore, the circular truncated cone sieve support comprises a large end face circular frame, a small end face circular frame, a plurality of support rods for supporting the large end face circular frame and the small end face circular frame, a plurality of support plates which are located between the large end face circular frame and the small end face circular frame and are arranged in a circumferential manner, and a central rod, wherein two ends of the central rod are respectively fixed at the circle centers of the large end face circular frame and the small end face circular frame; and the support plates are all provided with bolt holes for mounting the right-angle flanges.
Furthermore, the diameter of the large end face circular frame is 297-303 mm, the diameter of the small end face circular frame is 197-203 mm, and the distance between the large end face circular frame and the small end face circular frame is 295-305 mm; the inclination angle of the circular table surface of the circular table sieve main body is 5-6 degrees, and the diameter of the sieve pore of the circular table sieve main body is 5-6 mm.
Further, the included angle between the bottom plate and the horizontal plane is 17-18 degrees.
Furthermore, a middle partition plate which divides the hollow cavity into a seed collecting chamber and a sundries discharging chamber is arranged in the hollow cavity of the lower shell, the seed collecting chamber is positioned on one side of the discharging opening, and the sundries discharging chamber is positioned on one side of the grass discharging opening.
Furthermore, the right baffle is provided with a feeding port matched with the feeding trough; a hydraulic motor bracket for mounting a hydraulic motor is welded on the left baffle; the upper edge of the front baffle extends inwards horizontally to form a brush mounting plate for mounting a cleaning brush, and the cleaning brush is tightly attached to the screen surface of the circular truncated cone screen main body; the support is located on the front baffle, the support comprises a transverse support and a vertical support, and the bottom of the vertical support in the vertical direction is connected with a connecting plate convenient to install on a harvester.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvesting is matched with the rape combined harvester with the cyclone separation cleaning system for use, adopts a hydraulic driving mode, is convenient to disassemble, and is easy to replace, maintain and repair; the invention can separate the seeds and the impurities primarily cleaned by the cyclone separation cleaning system, can meet the requirement of the seed cleaning rate, can reduce the loss rate of the cyclone separation cleaning, and can improve the adaptability of the cyclone separation cleaning system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural perspective view of a secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lower housing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the feeding trough shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the circular table screen of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a front view of fig. 1.
The components in the figures are numbered as follows: the device comprises a hydraulic drive motor 1, an upper cover shell 2, a lower shell 3 (wherein, a right baffle plate 3.1, a bottom plate 3.2, a feeding port 3.3, a support 3.4, a grain collecting chamber 3.5, a front baffle plate 3.6, a brush mounting plate 3.7, a middle baffle plate 3.8, a sundries discharging chamber 3.9, a hydraulic motor support 3.10, a left baffle plate 3.11, a rear baffle plate 3.12, a cleaning screen brush 3.13, a connecting plate 3.14, a discharging port 3.15, a grass discharging port 3.16), a feeding trough 4 (wherein, a flange 4.1), a circular table screen 5 (wherein, a bearing seat 5.1, a grass discharging plate welded joint 5.2, a central shaft 5.3, a spiral guide plate 5.4, a circular table screen main body 5.5, a circular table screen support 5.6, a feeding screw welded joint 5.7, a right-angle flanging 5.8, a large end face circular frame 5.61, a small end face circular frame 5.62, a central rod 5.63, a support plate 5.64 and a support rod 5.65).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest comprises an upper housing 2 with an arc-shaped cross section, a hollow lower housing 3, a circular table sieve 5, a feeding trough 4, a hydraulic driving motor 1, a discharge opening 3.15 for collecting seeds and a weed discharge opening 3.16 for discharging sundries, wherein the discharge opening 3.15 is formed in the lower housing 3, the lower housing 3 and the upper housing 2 are connected in a butt joint mode through bolts to form a hollow cavity for mounting the circular table sieve 5, and meanwhile, the hydraulic driving motor 1 is connected with the circular table sieve 5 to provide power.
As shown in fig. 3, the lower housing 3 includes a right baffle 3.1, a left baffle 3.11, a front baffle 3.6, a rear baffle 3.12 and a bottom plate 3.2, a middle partition plate 3.8 is arranged in the hollow cavity of the lower housing 3, and divides the hollow cavity into a seed collecting chamber 3.5 and a remainder discharging chamber 3.9, the seed collecting chamber 3.5 is located at one side of the discharging opening 3.15, and the remainder discharging chamber 3.9 is located at one side of the grass discharging opening 3.16. The feeding trough 4 is mounted on a right baffle 3.1 of the lower shell 2 through a flange 4.1, as shown in a combined view of fig. 4, the section of the feeding trough 4 in the embodiment is inverted arch door-shaped, meanwhile, a feeding port 3.3 is formed in the right baffle 3.1 of the lower shell 3, the feeding port 3.3 in the embodiment is a semicircular feeding port, and the feeding port 3.3 is matched with the feeding trough 4, namely, after the material is placed into the feeding trough 4, the material enters the circular truncated cone sieve 5 through the feeding port 3.3; a hydraulic motor bracket 3.10 for mounting the hydraulic motor 1 is welded on a left baffle 3.11 of the lower shell 3, and the feeding trough 4 is arranged opposite to the hydraulic drive motor 1; the upper edge of the front baffle 3.6 extends inwards horizontally to form a brush mounting plate 3.7 for mounting a cleaning brush 3.13, the cleaning brush 3.13 is tightly attached to the screen surface of the circular truncated cone screen main body 5.5, and the front baffle 3.6 of the lower shell 3 is also provided with an observation port convenient for observing the inside of the lower shell in the embodiment; the front baffle 3.6 is also welded with a support 3.4, the support 3.4 comprises a transverse support and a vertical support, and the bottom of the vertical support in the vertical direction is connected with a connecting plate 3.14 which is convenient to be installed on the harvester.
As shown in fig. 5, the circular truncated cone sieve 5 comprises a circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5, a circular truncated cone sieve support 5.6 which is arranged in the circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5 and supports the circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5, a central shaft 5.3 which passes through a central shaft hole of the circular truncated cone sieve support 5.6, a plurality of spiral guide plates 5.4 which are arranged on the circular truncated cone sieve support 5.6 along the axial direction of the central shaft 5.3, a grass discharge plate welding part 5.2 and a feeding auger welding part 5.7 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the central shaft 5.3 (namely, the grass discharge plate welding part 5.2 which is arranged at one end of the central shaft 5.3 through a bolt and the feeding auger welding part 5.7 which is arranged at the other end of the central shaft 5.3 through a bolt), bearing mounting holes are respectively arranged on a right baffle plate 3.1 and a left baffle plate 3.11 of the lower shell 3, two ends of the central shaft 5.3 are respectively fixed in bearing mounting holes of a front baffle plate and a rear baffle plate of the lower shell 3 through a bearing seat 5.1, so that the welding seam 5.2 of the grass discharging plate is positioned at the inner side of the bearing seat 5.1 at one end, and the welding seam 5.7 of the feeding screw conveyor is positioned at the outer side of the bearing seat 5.1 at the other end. In the embodiment, the circular truncated cone sieve support 5.6, the feeding screw conveyer welding joint 5.7 and the grass discharge plate welding joint 5.2 are connected with the central shaft 5.3 through bolts, and related working parts can be replaced according to different operation conditions.
The circular truncated cone screen support 5.6 comprises a large end face circular frame 5.61, a small end face circular frame 5.62, a plurality of support rods (5.65) for supporting the large end face circular frame 5.61 and the small end face circular frame 5.62, a plurality of support plates 5.64 which are positioned between the large end face circular frame 5.61 and the small end face circular frame 56.2 and are circumferentially arranged, and a central rod 5.63, wherein one end of the central rod 5.63 is fixed at the circle center of the large end face circular frame 5.61, the other end of the central rod 5.63 is fixed at the circle center of the small end face circular frame 5.62, and the central rod 5.63 is vertically arranged with the large end face circular frame 5.61 and the small end face circular frame 5.62; in the embodiment, four supporting plates 5.64 are uniformly distributed between the large end face circular frame 5.61 and the small end face circular frame 5.62 along the circumference, so that the whole body is in a circular truncated cone shape, and bolt holes for mounting the spiral guide plates 5.4 are formed in the four supporting plates 5.64. The sizes of the two end surface supports of the circular table sieve support 5.6 are influenced by the installation space of the rape combine harvester, the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height multiplied by the 400mm multiplied by the 350mm multiplied by the 400mm of the installation space of the existing rape combine harvester, therefore, the diameter D1 of the circular frame 5.61 with the large end surface of the circular table sieve support 5.6 is 297-303 mm, the diameter D2 of the circular frame 5.62 with the small end surface is 197-203 mm, and the distance L between the circular frame 5.61 with the large end surface and the circular frame 5.62 with the small end surface is 295-305 mm; the projection aperture of the 5.5 sieve pores of the circular truncated cone sieve main body in the horizontal direction needs to be larger than the average grain diameter of the rape seeds, the average grain diameter of the rape seeds is 4mm, in order to ensure that the seeds fall smoothly, the diameter of the sieve pores is 5-6 mm, the included angle a between the sieve surface of the circular truncated cone sieve main body and the horizontal plane (namely the inclination angle of the circular truncated cone sieve main body) is 5-6 degrees, as shown in fig. 6, the projection aperture of the sieve pores in the horizontal direction is 4.9-5.9 mm, and the requirement is met. In addition, the included angle b between the bottom plate 3.2 of the lower shell 3 and the horizontal plane needs not to be smaller than the natural repose angle of rape seeds to ensure that the rape seeds smoothly slide down, and the natural repose angle of the rape seeds is about 17 °, so the included angle b between the bottom plate 3.2 of the lower shell and the horizontal plane is 17 ° to 18 °, as shown in fig. 3, and is preferably 17 °.
In the embodiment, the spiral surface of the spiral guide plate 5.4 is a spiral surface formed by keeping a straight bus to horizontally rotate along a curved conducting wire, and the curved conducting wire is a conical spiral line; as shown in fig. 6, the length of the straight generatrix (i.e., the height h of the spiral guide plate) is 40-42 mm, the opening of the conical helix is 170-180 °, the diameter of the conical surface at the small end of the conical helix is 230-235 mm, the diameter of the conical surface at the large end of the conical helix is 270-275 mm, and the inclination angle of the conical surface of the conical helix is the same as the inclination angle of the circular table top of the circular table sieve body; meanwhile, the spiral outer edge of the spiral guide plate 5.4 extends along a curved lead to be perpendicular to the spiral surface to form a right-angle flanging 5.8 which is used for being mounted on a supporting plate 5.64 of the circular truncated cone screen support 5.6.
Because the spiral guide plate 5.4 plays a role in pushing materials, the feeding amount of the materials is generally 0.3-0.4 kg/s, the thickness of the material layer on the screen surface cannot exceed 40mm, and in order to ensure that the spiral guide plate 5.4 is completely pushed, the height h of the spiral guide plate 5.4 is selected to be 40-42 mm.
In this embodiment, the quantity of spiral deflector is 2 ~ 3, can increase and decrease according to material feeding volume, and the pitch S between two spiral deflectors 5.4 is 120 ~ 140mm, and the pitch is related to material feeding volume, and the pitch is big more, and the propelling movement ability is stronger.
The secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvesting can be mounted on a rape combined harvester after being assembled, and the hydraulic drive motor 1 is connected to a hydraulic system of the rape combined harvester. After the circular truncated cone sieve is started, the circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5 rotates anticlockwise from the direction of the hydraulic drive motor 1, grains and impurities which are primarily cleaned by the cyclone separation cleaning system are fed by the feeding trough 4 through the feeding opening 3.3, enter from the small end face of the circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5 under the action of the feeding auger welding 5.7, and move to the large end face of the circular truncated cone sieve main body under the actions of the pushing of the spiral guide plate 5.4 and the self-flow of materials on the inclined sieve surface. In the process, the seeds can fall into the lower shell seed collecting chamber 3.5 through the screen and slide down to the discharge opening 3.15 along the bottom plate 3.2 of the seed collecting chamber 3.5 to complete seed collection; the sundries continuously slide downwards along the sieve surface, are discharged from the large end surface of the circular truncated cone sieve main body 5.5, enter the sundries discharge chamber 3.9, and are discharged to the field from the straw discharge port 3.16 under the action of the straw discharge plate welded 5.2, and the whole secondary cleaning process is completed.
The secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvesting is matched with the rape combined harvester with the cyclone separation cleaning system for use, adopts a hydraulic driving mode, is convenient to disassemble, and is easy to replace, maintain and repair; the invention can separate the seeds and the impurities primarily cleaned by the cyclone separation cleaning system, can meet the requirement of the seed cleaning rate, can reduce the loss rate of the cyclone separation cleaning, and can improve the adaptability of the cyclone separation cleaning system.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a secondary drum-type cleaning plant for rape combine, includes upper shield shell (2), hollow lower casing (3), install by lower casing (3) and upper shield shell (2) to closing round platform sieve (5) that constitute the cavity intracavity, install feed trough (4) and hydraulic drive motor (1) of installation on lower casing (3) right baffle (3.1) on lower casing (3) left baffle (3.11) to and set up discharge opening (3.15) and row grass mouth (3.16) on lower casing (3), its characterized in that: a bracket (3.4) connected with the harvester is arranged on a front baffle (3.6) of the lower shell (3); the circular truncated cone sieve (5) comprises a circular truncated cone sieve main body (5.5), a circular truncated cone sieve support (5.6) which is arranged in the circular truncated cone sieve main body (5.5) and supports the circular truncated cone sieve main body (5.5), a central shaft (5.3) which penetrates through a central shaft hole of the circular truncated cone sieve support (5.6), a plurality of spiral guide plates (5.4) which are arranged on the circular truncated cone sieve support (5.6) along the axial direction of the central shaft (5.3), grass discharging plate welding joints (5.2) and feeding auger welding joints (5.7) which are respectively arranged at two ends of the central shaft (5.3), wherein two ends of the central shaft (5.3) are fixed on the lower shell (3) through bearing seats (5.1);
the spiral surface of the spiral guide plate (5.4) is a spiral surface formed by keeping a straight bus horizontal and rotating along a curved wire, and the curved wire is a conical spiral line; the length of the straight generatrix is 40-42 mm, the opening degree of the conical spiral line is 170-180 degrees, the diameter of the conical surface at the small end of the conical spiral line is 230-235 mm, the diameter of the conical surface at the large end of the conical spiral line is 270-275 mm, and the inclination angle of the conical surface of the conical spiral line is the same as the inclination angle of the circular table top of the circular table sieve main body (5.5); the spiral outer edge of the spiral guide plate (5.4) extends along a curved lead to be perpendicular to the spiral surface to form a right-angle flanging (5.8) used for being mounted on the circular truncated cone screen support (5.6).
2. A secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the spiral guide plates (5.4) is 2-3, and the screw pitch between the two spiral guide plates (5.4) is 120-140 mm.
3. The secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the circular truncated cone screen support (5.6) comprises a large end face circular frame (5.61), a small end face circular frame (5.62), a plurality of support rods (5.65) for supporting the large end face circular frame (5.61) and the small end face circular frame (5.62), a plurality of support plates (5.64) which are located between the large end face circular frame (5.61) and the small end face circular frame (56.2) and are circumferentially arranged, and a central rod (5.63), wherein two ends of the central rod (5.63) are respectively fixed at the circle centers of the large end face circular frame (5.61) and the small end face circular frame (5.62); the support plates (5.64) are all provided with bolt holes for mounting the right-angle flanges (5.8).
4. A secondary drum-type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the large end face circular frame (5.61) is 297-303 mm, the diameter of the small end face circular frame (56.2) is 197-203 mm, and the distance between the large end face circular frame (5.61) and the small end face circular frame (5.62) is 295-305 mm; the inclination angle of the circular table surface of the circular table sieve main body (5.5) is 5-6 degrees, and the diameter of a sieve pore of the circular table sieve main body (5.5) is 5-6 mm.
5. The secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the included angle between the bottom plate (3.2) of the lower shell (3) and the horizontal plane is 17-18 degrees.
6. The secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the middle partition plate (3.8) which divides the hollow cavity into a seed collecting chamber (3.5) and a miscellaneous discharge chamber (3.9) is arranged in the hollow cavity of the lower shell (3), the seed collecting chamber (3.5) is positioned on one side of the discharge opening (3.15), and the miscellaneous discharge chamber (3.9) is positioned on one side of the grass discharge opening (3.16).
7. The secondary drum type cleaning device for rape combined harvest as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the right baffle (3.1) is provided with a feeding port (3.3) matched with the feeding trough (4); a hydraulic motor bracket (3.10) for mounting a hydraulic drive motor (1) is welded on the left baffle (3.11); the upper edge of the front baffle (3.6) extends inwards horizontally to form a brush mounting plate (3.7) for mounting a cleaning brush (3.13), and the cleaning brush (3.13) is tightly attached to the screen surface of the circular truncated cone screen main body (5.5); the support (3.4) is positioned on the front baffle (3.6), the support (3.4) comprises a transverse support and a vertical support, and the bottom of the vertical support in the vertical direction is connected with a connecting plate (3.14) which is convenient to install on the harvester.
CN201610944581.3A 2016-11-02 2016-11-02 A secondary drum-type cleaning plant for rape combine Active CN106612899B (en)

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CN202112061U (en) * 2011-04-22 2012-01-18 尹健 Miniature combine harvester combination type cleaning device
CN205213478U (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-05-11 黑龙江省福联收割机有限公司 Corn thresher rolls cage sieve cleaning plant
CN206149869U (en) * 2016-11-02 2017-05-10 华中农业大学 A secondary drum -type cleaning plant for rape combining

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