CN106612077A - Power conversion system - Google Patents
Power conversion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106612077A CN106612077A CN201510705685.4A CN201510705685A CN106612077A CN 106612077 A CN106612077 A CN 106612077A CN 201510705685 A CN201510705685 A CN 201510705685A CN 106612077 A CN106612077 A CN 106612077A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
A power conversion system comprises an isolation transformer, a resonant module, a switching module, and an output control device. The isolation transformer contains a primary winding and multiple secondary windings. There is at least one coupling distance between the secondary windings and the primary winding. The leakage inductance of the isolation transformer increases as the coupling distance increases. The resonant module is electrically connected to the primary winding and the switching module. The output control device contains a controller and multiple output control modules. The controller is electrically connected to the output control modules. Each output control module is electrically connected to one of the secondary windings. The controller drives at least one of the output control modules to output an operation power corresponding to one needed power according to the operation state of an electronic device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power conversion system, particularly a kind of power conversion system that can change output power according to the mode of operation of electronic installation.
Background technology
Traditional rectification circuit using diode or Schottky diode (Schottky) is big because of the forward conducting voltage of diode, Schottky diode so that the loss of rectification circuit becomes the dominant loss of power supply changeover device.Mos field effect transistor has that conducting resistance is low, switch time is short, input impedance is high, become the first-selected rectifier cell of the power supply changeover device of low-voltage and high-current, according to the control feature of mos field effect transistor, thus the technology for having synchronous rectification is produced.
Traditional power supply changeover device for possessing multigroup output includes multigroup synchronous rectification unit, and when electronic installation starts, described multigroup synchronous rectification unit starts simultaneously, and output power is to electronic installation.And when electronic installation cuts out, multigroup synchronous rectification unit is simultaneously closed off, and stop output power to electronic installation.The characteristics of although control mode of aforesaid synchronous rectification unit possesses simple control, no matter so electronic installation operates in underloading or non-light condition, the electric power of power supply changeover device output is all definite value, and this causes loss of power supply changeover device when electronic installation underloading is operated to improve.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of power conversion system, can change output power according to the mode of operation of electronic installation.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of electric energy conversion system, to provide multiple demand electric power of the electronic installation under different operating states, wherein, the electric energy conversion system is included：
One isolating transformer, comprising an armature winding and multiple secondary windings, a leakage inductance between the plurality of secondary windings and the armature winding with an at least coupling distance, the isolating transformer increases as the coupling distance increases；
One resonance modules, are electrically connected to the armature winding；
One handover module, is electrically connected to the resonance modules；And
One output-controlling device, comprising a controller and multiple output control modules, the controller is electrically connected to the plurality of output control module, and each output control module is electrically connected to a secondary windings therein,
Wherein, the controller orders about the operation electric power in one of at least output control module output correspondence of output-controlling device demand electric power according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, respectively the output control module includes a synchronous rectification unit, the controller is electrically connected to the plurality of synchronous rectification unit, each secondary windings are attached at least to therein one synchronous rectification unit, and the controller orders about according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation and at least together walks rectification unit and synchronize rectification and the operation electric power in exporting correspondence one of them demand electric power.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, respectively the output control module includes a synchronous rectification unit and an output switch, each output switch is electrically connected in therein one synchronous rectification unit, and the controller orders about at least output switch in the output-controlling device and turns on and export the operation electric power in one of correspondence demand electric power according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, the plurality of secondary windings are arranged in the both sides of the armature winding respectively, and the controller makes to be electrically connected to the plurality of synchronous rectification unit that the armature winding both sides have the plurality of secondary windings of the identical coupling distance and staggeredly synchronizes rectification.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, the controller orders about the plurality of synchronous rectification unit of the close leakage inductance of isolating transformer generation and staggeredly synchronizes rectification.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, the isolating transformer is also included：
One bobbin winder bracket, at equal intervals on the bobbin winder bracket, the armature winding is wound on the bobbin winder bracket the plurality of secondary windings, and positioned at the side of the respectively secondary windings, makes the plurality of armature winding be in be staggered with the plurality of secondary windings；And
One magnetic core, is sheathed on the bobbin winder bracket.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, the controller makes the plurality of synchronous rectification unit synchronize rectification in order, and the spacing of the plurality of synchronous rectification unit and a center between centers of the bobbin winder bracket that synchronize rectification is progressively restrained.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, the coupling distance between the plurality of secondary windings and the armature winding is all different.
Above-mentioned electric energy conversion system, wherein, when the leakage inductance of the isolating transformer gradually increases, the operation electric power of the electric energy conversion system output is gradually lowered.
The method have technical effect that：
The electric energy conversion method of the present invention synchronizes rectification whether or the on or off of output switch to control synchronous rectification unit through controller, to change the leakage inductance of isolating transformer, and makes power conversion system output corresponding to the operation electric power of different demands electric power.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
Description of the drawings
Circuit block diagrams of the Fig. 1 for the power conversion system of first embodiment of the invention；
Circuit diagrams of the Fig. 2 for the power conversion system of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the power conversion system output current and rectifier switch and the switching sequence figure of output switch of the correspondence present invention；
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are the power conversion system of the invention extremely corresponding primary side current of first to fourth power switch grid control signal and voltage waveform in underloading；
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are the power conversion system of the invention extremely corresponding primary side current of first to fourth power switch grid control signal and voltage waveform in middle load；
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are the power conversion system of the present invention in the extremely corresponding primary side current of first to fourth power switch grid control signal of full load and voltage waveform；
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the isolating transformer of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the isolating transformer of the present invention in the leakage inductance and magnetic flux distribution figure of the first mode of operation；
Fig. 9 is the leakage inductance and magnetic flux distribution figure of the isolating transformer in the second mode of operation of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the leakage inductance and magnetic flux distribution figure of the isolating transformer in the 3rd mode of operation of the present invention；
Circuit diagrams of the Figure 11 for the power conversion system of second embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, reference
10 full-bridge handover modules
20 resonance modules
30 isolating transformers
310 armature windings
320a, 320b, 320c, 320d secondary windings
330 bobbin winder brackets
340 magnetic cores
40 output control modules
400a～400d output control modules
410a the first synchronous rectification units
410b the second synchronous rectification units
The 3rd synchronous rectification units of 410c
The 4th synchronous rectification units of 410d
420 controllers
C capacitors
Cb isolated DC capacitors
Co output capacitors
Ip primary side currents
L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8 wave filter
Lr resonant inductors
The first power switch of QA
The second power switch of QB
The 3rd power switch of QC
The 4th power switch of QD
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 rectifier switch
S1, S2, S3, S4, SR1, SR2, SR3, SR4, SR5, SR6, SR7, SR8 grid
SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4 output switch
Vi input voltages
Vo output voltages
Vp primary side voltages
The 4th power switch of VQ4 draws source electrode cross-pressure
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the structural principle and operation principle of the present invention are described in detail：
Fig. 1 is refer to, which is the circuit block diagram of the power conversion system of first embodiment of the invention.Power conversion system receives input voltage Vi simultaneously produces multigroup output voltage Vo.In FIG, power conversion system is divided into primary side and primary side comprising being isolated transformator 30.Isolating transformer 30 includes armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a-320d.The primary side of power conversion system includes full-bridge handover module 10, resonance modules 20 and armature winding 310, the primary side of power conversion system includes output-controlling device 40 and is coupled in the secondary windings 320a-320d of armature winding 310, wherein output-controlling device 40 includes output control module 400a～400d, and each output control module 400a～400d includes synchronous rectification unit (first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d as shown in Figure 1) and output switch SW1～SW4.
Fig. 2 is refer to, which is the circuit diagram of the power conversion system of first embodiment of the invention.Full-bridge handover module 10 is electrically connected to input voltage Vi, comprising the first power switch QA, the second power switch QB, the 3rd power switch QC and the 4th power switch QD；First to fourth power switch QA～QD is respectively metal oxide semiconductcor field effect transistor.First power switch QA is connected input voltage Vi with the drain electrode of the 3rd power switch QC, the source electrode of the first power switch QA is electrically connected to the drain electrode of the second power switch QB and resonance modules 20, and the source electrode of the 3rd power switch QC is electrically connected to the drain electrode of the 4th power switch QD and the armature winding 310 of isolating transformer 30.The source electrode connection input voltage Vi of the second power switch QB and the 4th power switch QD.
As shown in Fig. 2 first to fourth power switch QA～QD difference parallel-connected diodes D, wherein the negative electrode of the drain electrode connection diode D of first to fourth power switch QA～QD, the anode of the source electrode connection diode D of first to fourth power switch QA～QD；Diode D may be, for example, the body diode of the inside of first to fourth power switch QA～QD.Additionally, capacitor C is also connected in parallel between the drain electrode of first to fourth power switch QA～QD and source electrode, capacitor C can also be, for example, the capacitor parasitics of the inside of first to fourth power switch QA～QD.
Resonance modules 20 include resonant inductor Lr, isolated DC capacitor Cb and the magnetizing inductance device being connected in series.In the present embodiment, magnetizing inductance device is realized with the armature winding 310 of isolating transformer 30.Resonance modules 20 reduce switch cost and then increase the efficiency of power conversion system to make first to fourth power switch QA～QD reach the characteristic of the switching of no-voltage.
Output-controlling device 40 corresponds to the first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a-410d and first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 of secondary windings 320a-320d comprising quantity.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, first synchronous rectification unit 410a is connected to secondary windings 320a and the first output switch SW1, second synchronous rectification unit 410b is connected to secondary windings 320b and the second output switch SW2,3rd synchronous rectification unit 410c is connected to secondary windings 320c and the 3rd output switch SW3, and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d is connected to secondary windings 320d and the 4th output switch SW4.
As shown in Figure 2, first synchronous rectification unit 410a includes rectifier switch Q1, Q2, second synchronous rectification unit 410b includes rectifier switch Q3, Q4, and the 3rd synchronous rectification unit 410c includes rectifier switch Q5, Q6, and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d includes rectifier switch Q7, Q8.The source electrode and output capacitor Co of the source electrode connection rectifier switch Q2 of rectifier switch Q1, the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q1, Q2 are electrically connected in secondary windings 320a.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q3 connects the source electrode of rectifier switch Q4, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q3, Q4 is electrically connected in secondary windings 320b.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q5 connects the source electrode of rectifier switch Q6, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q5, Q6 is electrically connected in secondary windings 320c.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q7 connects the source electrode of rectifier switch Q8, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q7, Q8 is electrically connected in secondary windings 320d.Grid SR1～the SR8 of rectifier switch Q1～Q8 is electrically connected in controller 420, and receives the control signal of the output of controller 420 to carry out the switching action of on or off, uses the effect for providing synchronous rectification.
Power conversion system can also include wave filter L1～L8.As shown in Fig. 2 wave filter L1～L8 is respectively inducer.Wave filter L1 and wave filter L2 are connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320a and output switch SW1, wave filter L3 and wave filter L4 are connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320b and output switch SW2, wave filter L5 and wave filter L6 are connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320c and output switch SW3, and wave filter L7 and wave filter L8 is connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320d and output switch SW4.
First to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 receives the control of controller 420 respectively and turns on (turn off) or cut-off (turn on).What here was to be illustrated is, the electric energy conversion system of the present invention is mainly provided for electronic installation multiple demand electric power in different operational situations, therefore controller 420 can order about demand electric power when at least output control module 400a in output-controlling device～400d output electronic installations are operated according to the mode of operation of electronic installation.Wherein, controller 420 can select the electric power for making power conversion system output electronic installation required when operating by control first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d or first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4.
The resonant inductor Lr of resonance modules 20 and isolating transformer 30 coordinate to provide fixes leakage inductance.In order to produce resonance and complete zero voltage switching, one section of Dead Time (dead time) is clearly present between the control signal of the first power switch QA and the second power switch QB (or the 3rd power switch QC and the 4th power switch QD).So-called Dead Time, it is in a switch periods, control circuit (not shown) make the first power switch QA and the second power switch time QB (the 3rd power switch QC and the 4th power switch QD) and meanwhile in cut-off (turn off) state (wherein control circuit is electrically connected to the grid S1～S4 of first to fourth power switch QA～QD persistent period, and output control signal is so that first to fourth power switch QA～QD on or off), time interval t2～t3 (t4～t5) as shown in fig. 4 a.In general, leakage inductance is bigger, then Dead Time is longer.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 a, wherein Fig. 4 a are primary side current and voltage waveform of the power conversion system when electronic installation operates in underloading (for example, fully loaded 20%).At first state (the time t1～t2 i.e. shown in Fig. 4 a), the first power switch QA and the 4th power switch QD cut-off (turn off) shown in Fig. 2, second power switch QB and the 3rd power switch QC conductings (turn on), therefore after input voltage Vi is via the second power switch QB, the 3rd power switch QC, resonant capacitor Cb resonant inductor Lr, secondary windings 320a～320d is transferred to by the coupling of armature winding 310.During this section, the primary side current (Ip) of isolating transformer 30 slowly can rise, and resonant inductor Lr charges simultaneously and stores energy.
At the second state (the time t2～t3 i.e. shown in Fig. 4 a), (the first power switch QA and the 4th power switch QD maintains cut-off for the second power switch QB cut-offs shown in Fig. 2,3rd power switch QC maintains conducting), the primary side current (Ip) of isolating transformer 30 stops rising.So according to Lenz's law, the electric current of resonant inductor Lr must keep persistence, therefore the electric current of resonant inductor Lr continues toward same direction to flow.Now primary side current (Ip) charges to the capacitor C for being connected in parallel on the second power switch QB drain-source interpolars, capacitor C to being connected in parallel on the first power switch QA drain-source interpolars discharges, and is equal to input voltage Vi until being connected in parallel on the voltage of capacitor C of the second power switch QB drain-source interpolars.
During time t3 in the third state (the time t3～t4 i.e. shown in Fig. 4 a), terminate in no-voltage interval, no-voltage is down in the now hourglass source electrode cross-pressure electric discharge of the first power switch QA, then the diode D conductings of the first power switch QA drain-source interpolars are connected across, hourglass source electrode on first power switch QA is clamped in no-voltage, so that the first power switch QA reaches zero voltage switching (Zero Voltage Switching, ZVS), and then reduce switch cost.Meanwhile, the primary side voltage (Vp) of isolating transformer 30 is zero.
At fourth stage (the time t4～t5 i.e. shown in Fig. 4 a), resonant condition starts from the 3rd power switch QC cut-offs (i.e. time t4), because the electric current of resonant inductor Lr must keep persistence, primary side current (Ip) can charge to the capacitor C for being parallel to the 3rd power switch QC hourglass source electrodes, and the capacitor C to being connected in parallel on the 4th power switch QD drain-source interpolars discharges, until the voltage for being connected in parallel on the capacitor C of the 4th power switch QC drain-source interpolars is equal to input voltage Vi, and the 4th power switch QD hourglass source electrode cross-pressure electric discharge be down to no-voltage (as shown in VQ4 curves).
In the time t5 shown in Fig. 4 a, the cross-pressure for being parallel to the capacitor C two ends of the 3rd power switch QC hourglass source electrodes is equal to input voltage, and be parallel to the cross-pressure at the capacitor C two ends of the 4th power switch QD drain-source interpolars and be reduced to zero so that it is connected in parallel on the diode D conductings of the 4th power switch QD drain-source interpolars and completes resonance.Meanwhile, after the diode D for being parallel to the 4th power switch QD hourglass source electrodes is turned on, turn on the 4th power switch QD, the cross-pressure of the 4th power switch QD hourglass source electrodes is zero potential, therefore the 4th power switch QD is just zero voltage switching.
At the 5th stage (the time t5～t7 i.e. shown in Fig. 4 a), as the voltage at resonant inductor Lr two ends is same as input voltage Vi, therefore primary side current (Ip) is linearly reduced.Wherein, in time t6, primary side voltage (Vp) is not converted to nagative potential in the moment of the 4th power switch QD conductings, and this section is referred to as working cycle loss (duty cycle loss)；Wherein, when leakage inductance is bigger, then working cycle loss is bigger.Here is to be illustrated, working cycle loss can be represented with following formula：
, wherein：
Inductance value of the Lr for resonant inductor；
Primary side currents of the Ip for power conversion system；And
Primary side voltages of the Vp for power conversion system.
Power conversion system shown in aforesaid Fig. 4 a is to supply the primary side current and voltage waveform when electronic installation operates in underloading (for example, fully loaded 20%), and Fig. 5 a and Fig. 6 a is then respectively primary side current when electronic installation operates in middle load (such as fully loaded 50%) and voltage waveform and electronic installation operates in the primary side current and voltage waveform of full load.To be illustrated, when electronic installation demand current is improved, the electric current of power conversion system output is also corresponded to when increasing, then working cycle loss increases because electric current is improved.The aforesaid working cycle loses (hold-up time) reduction of holding time for causing input voltage Vi, causes the whole efficiency of power conversion system to reduce.
In order to further reduce working cycle loss to lift the arrangement efficiency of power conversion system, it is necessary to further change the control method of the output control module 400a～400d of output-controlling device 40.
In general, demand electric power of the electronic installation in capacity operation is maximum, therefore the electric current of power conversion system output electron device is also larger；Demand electric power of the electronic installation when underloading is operated is minimum, therefore the electric current of power conversion system output electron device is then relatively small.
The power conversion system of the present invention can be according to the size of electronic installation demand current, the operator scheme of adjustment synchronous rectificating device 40, power conversion system is made to provide larger current when electronic installation is in capacity operation, and in electronic installation when underloading is operated, smaller current is provided, reduction power consumption is used.
In one of mode of operation of the output-controlling device of the present invention, if controller 420 is so that whether the synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d in output control module 400a～400d synchronizes rectification and when determining output power, power conversion system includes following 4 kinds of operator schemes.Fig. 2 is referred to again, in first operator scheme, the mode of operation of the grid SR1～SR8 of the control rectifier switch Q1～Q8 of controller 420, makes one of first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d synchronize rectification, allows power conversion system to export the first electric current I1.Here can for example allow rectifier switch Q1, Q2 to be turned on according to the control signal that controller 420 is exported and synchronize rectification (as shown in the 0～t1 of Fig. 3 is interval) with the switching for being ended, to allow the electric power for being coupled to secondary windings 320a be transferred to outfan.
In second operator scheme, the mode of operation of the grid SR1～SR8 of the control rectifier switch Q1～Q8 of controller 420, make wherein the two of first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d to synchronize rectification (as shown in the t1～t2 of Fig. 3 is interval), power conversion system is allowed to export the second electric current I2, wherein the second electric current I2 is more than the first electric current I1.
In the 3rd operator scheme, the mode of operation of the grid SR1～SR8 of the control rectifier switch Q1～Q8 of controller 420, make in first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d three synchronize rectification (as in Fig. 3 t2～t3 it is interval shown in), power conversion system is allowed to export the 3rd electric current I3, wherein the 3rd electric current I3 is more than the second electric current I2.
In the 4th operator scheme, the mode of operation of the grid SR1～SR8 of the control rectifier switch Q1～Q8 of controller 420, first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d is made while synchronizing rectification (as shown in interval after the t3 of Fig. 3), power conversion system is allowed to export the 4th electric current I4, wherein the 4th electric current I4 is more than the 3rd electric current I3.Fig. 3 show the switching sequence figure of corresponding power converting system output current and rectifier switch.According to electronic installation operator scheme, stagewise ground drives first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d, can be effectively reduced power attenuation of power conversion system when electronic installation operates in underloading, reach the effect of energy-conservation.
In one of mode of operation of the output-controlling device of the present invention, if controller 420 is whether to synchronize conducting and decision output power with the first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 in controlled output control module 400a～400d, power conversion system is to include following 4 kinds of operator schemes as illustrative example.To be illustrated, when this 4 kinds of operator schemes are operated, controller 420 all makes first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d persistently synchronize rectification.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is referred to again, and in first operator scheme, controller 420 turns on the first output switch SW1, allows power conversion system to export the first electric current I1；In second operator scheme, controller 420 makes the first output switch SW1 and the second output switch SW2 conductings, allows power conversion system to export the second electric current I2；In the 3rd operator scheme, controller 420 makes the first to the 3rd output switch SW1～SW3 conductings, allows power conversion system to export the 3rd electric current I3；In the 4th operator scheme, controller 420 makes first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 conductings, allows power conversion system to export the 4th electric current I4.
Additionally, further coordinating the arrangement mode of the armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d of isolating transformer 30, overall power consumption can be more effectively controlled.
Fig. 7 is refer to, which is the sectional view of the isolating transformer of the present invention.Isolating transformer 30 also includes bobbin winder bracket 330, magnetic core 340, and it is peripheral that magnetic core 340 is sheathed on bobbin winder bracket 330.Armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d are respectively arranged on bobbin winder bracket 330.Here to illustrate that, in the figure 7, isolating transformer 30 includes single armature winding 310 and four secondary windings 320a～320d, secondary windings 320a～320d is equally spaced on bobbin winder bracket 330, armature winding 310 is then wrapped on bobbin winder bracket 330, and positioned at the side (for example, left side) of each secondary windings 320a～320d, and it is seen by the side section of isolating transformer 30, armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d are in be staggered.
When electric power is applied in the armature winding 310 of isolating transformer 30, secondary-side circuitry can be had different electric power outputs according to the different operating of the output control module of output-controlling device 40 400a～400d, be illustrated with three kinds of different operating states below.
Fig. 2 is referred to again, in the first mode of operation, rectifier switch Q1～the Q8 of first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d receives the control signal of controller 420 and synchronizes rectification, or first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 is when receiving the control signal of controller 420 and turning on (as shown in interval after the t3 of Fig. 3), secondary windings 320a～320d can Jing electromagnetic induction and produce electric power output.Meanwhile, magnetic flux coupling can be also produced between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d and not exclusively produces leakage inductance, Fig. 8 show leakage inductance, magnetic flux density and the temperature profile of the isolating transformer 30 of correspondence Fig. 7.By Fig. 8 it is known that coupling distance weakness of the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d is minimum, and leakage inductance can increase with the increase away from the coupling distance between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d.Because the armature winding 310 shown in Fig. 7 and secondary windings 320a～320d are in be staggered, therefore the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 changes within the specific limits.
In the second mode of operation, rectifier switch SR1, SR2 of the first synchronous rectification unit 410a only shown in Fig. 7 receives the control signal of controller 420 and synchronizes rectification, and rectifier switch SR3, SR4, SR5, SR6, SR7, SR8 all end, or first output switch SW1 when receiving the control signal of controller 420 and turning on (as shown in the 0～t1 of Fig. 3 is interval), therefore only secondary windings 320a can Jing electromagnetic induction and produce electric power output.As shown in figure 9, between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a coupling distance weakness, the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 is low, and as the coupling distance between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a increases, the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 also increases.
In the 3rd mode of operation, rectifier switch SR3, SR4, SR5, SR6 of the first synchronous rectification unit 410a and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d only shown in Fig. 7 receives the control signal of controller 420 and synchronizes rectification, rectifier switch SR1, SR1, SR7, SR8 all end, or the first output switch SW1 and the 4th output switch SW4 when receiving the control signal of controller 420 and turning on, therefore only secondary windings 320b, 320c can Jing electromagnetic induction and produce electric power output.As shown in Figure 9, coupling distance weakness between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d, the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 is minimum, and as the coupling distance between armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a, 320d increases, the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 also increases.
Can be learnt by foregoing teachings, by control isolating transformer 30 secondary windings 320a～320d the quantity for synchronizing rectification and its with the coupling distance between armature winding 310, just the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 can effectively be adjusted, consequently, it is possible to power conversion system just can export corresponding operation electric power according to the different of electronic installation demand electric power.Secondary windings 320a～320d is allowed to turn on and produce electromagnetic coupled output function electric power with armature winding 310, it is necessary to allow the synchronous rectification unit for being connected to secondary windings 320a～320d rear ends to synchronize rectification；For example, when the first synchronous rectification unit 410a shown in Fig. 2 synchronizes rectification, then the electric energy by armature winding 310 coupled to secondary windings 320a could be exported via inducer L1, L2, and produces leakage inductance to reduce working cycle loss.In other words, whether rectification is synchronized by control first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d as shown in Figure 2, thus it is possible to vary the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30.Following table one (leakage inductance value is only this test data) show the leakage inductance for synchronizing the whether corresponding generation of rectification of correspondence first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d.
In Table 1, " synchronous rectification " represent that in first to fourth synchronous rectification unit therein at least one synchronizes rectification, and can armature winding 310 coupled to the secondary windings 320a～320d being attached to electric power output to electronic installation；In " cut-off " expression first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d therein at least one does not synchronize rectifying operation, and without operation electric power output to electronic installation.
By the leakage inductance for changing isolating transformer 30, can effectively reduce working cycle loss.Wherein, Fig. 4 b show corresponding power the supply extremely corresponding primary side current of first to fourth power switch grid control signal and voltage waveform in 20% load.In fig. 4b, time t5-t6 ' show the conducting quantity of the secondary windings 320a～320d using control isolating transformer 30 and its with the coupling distance between armature winding 310 to change the working cycle loss after the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30, and which is short compared to working cycle loss (i.e. time t5-t6) shown in Fig. 4 a；In other words, the as working cycle loss of time t6 '-t6 shown in Fig. 4 b changes the section of (i.e. reduction).
Fig. 5 b and Fig. 6 b is respectively the power supply unit of the invention extremely corresponding primary side current of first to fourth power switch grid control signal and voltage waveform in 50% and 100% load, wherein, time t5-t6 is shown the conducting quantity of secondary windings 320a～320d not using control isolating transformer 310 and its is lost with changing the working cycle after the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 with the coupling distance between armature winding 310, time t5-t6 ' is shown the conducting quantity of the secondary windings 320a～320d using control isolating transformer 30 and its is lost with changing the working cycle after the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 with the coupling distance between armature winding 310.
In addition, in order to avoid isolating transformer 30 is damaged because of the heat accumulation of local, the order that first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d synchronizes rectification can be changed according to front table one further, such as controller 420 can make the mode that the synchronous rectification unit for synchronizing rectification is progressively opened control synchronous rectification unit, to prevent isolating transformer 30 from producing the problem of heat accumulation.Further, can with by controller 420 by allow the synchronous rectification unit for synchronizing rectification and bobbin winder bracket 330 center between centers spacing progressively restrain unlatching in the way of control synchronous rectification unit, to prevent isolating transformer 30 from producing the problem of heat accumulation；Rectification is individually synchronized by the first synchronous rectification unit 410a, the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d, the second synchronous rectification unit 410b and the 3rd synchronous rectification unit 410c sequentially.
In addition, for example in the first state shown in table one and the second state, all only single synchronous rectification unit is opened, and other three synchronous rectification units stop, and the synchronous rectification unit opened is located exactly at the corresponding position in 30 section centrage both sides of isolating transformer so that both leakage inductance difference is little.Therefore, when power conversion system is operated, the first synchronous rectification unit 410a and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d can be sequentially opened, make secondary windings 320a and 320d electric power be transmitted respectively to electronic installation.Consequently, it is possible to the problem of heat accumulation caused by the secondary windings long-time transmission electric power to electronic installation only positioned at 340 ad-hoc location of magnetic core can be effectively prevented from.
Certainly, in practical operation, limit and be only located exactly at the synchronous rectification unit of 30 section centrage both sides relevant position of isolating transformer and carry out switching over according to the difference of sequential, it is worth the synchronous rectification unit corresponding to state all sequentially can open as long as close leakage inductance (e.g., less than 5 μ H) can be provided, uses the problem for preventing isolating transformer 30 from producing heat accumulation.
In sum, power conversion system of the invention can utilize following electric energy conversion method to provide electronic installation demand electric power in different operational situations.
First, isolating transformer 30 is provided, isolating transformer 30 includes an at least armature winding 310 and multiple secondary windings (such as the secondary windings 320a～320d shown in Fig. 2), between wherein each secondary windings 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d and armature winding 310 with an at least coupling distance；In other words, armature winding 310 can be all different from the distance of secondary windings 320a～320d, or the distance between each secondary windings 320a, 320b, 320c, 320d and armature winding 310 can be with identical.The armature winding 310 of isolating transformer 30 is electrically connected to resonance modules 20, and resonance modules 20 are electrically connected to input voltage Vi through full-bridge handover module 10.Each secondary windings 310 of isolating transformer 30 are electrically connected to synchronous rectification unit (the first to fourth rectification unit 410a～410d for example, shown in Fig. 2), and synchronous rectification unit 410a～410d is through wave filter L1～L8 connection electronic installations.
Then, the mode of operation of sensing electronic installation, i.e. electronic installation operates in underloading, middle load or full load condition, and according to operation electric power of the electronic installation under corresponding mode of operation so that at least one of first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a, 410b, 410c, 410d synchronizes rectification, use the leakage inductance for changing isolating transformer 30.
When the leakage inductance of isolating transformer 30 changes, the primary side current (Ip) of isolating transformer 30 changes, then also change coupled to the electric power of isolating transformer secondary windings 320a～320d, cause the electric power for being transferred to electronic installation to change, meet operation electric power of the electronic installation under relevant work pattern to export.
Coordinate refering to Figure 11, be the circuit diagram of the power conversion system of second embodiment of the invention.Power conversion system shown in Figure 11 includes full-bridge handover module 10, resonance modules 20, transformator 30 and output-controlling device 40, and transformator 30 includes the armature winding 310 and secondary windings 320a～320d being coupled.
Here is to be illustrated, the circuit framework and operational approach of full-bridge handover module shown in Figure 11 10 and resonance modules 20 are all same as the full-bridge handover module 10 shown in Fig. 2 and resonance modules 20；In other words, the framework of the transformator 30 and output-controlling device 40 shown in Figure 11 is differed in transformator 30 and output control module 40 shown in Fig. 2.
In fig. 11, tapped transformer centered on transformator 30, therefore for which is compared to the transformator 30 shown in Fig. 2, the characteristics of possess small size, and the transformator 30 shown in Fig. 2 is the characteristics of possess times stream.Output control module 40 is electrically connected to the secondary windings 320a～320d of transformator 310, and output control module 40 includes first to fourth synchronous rectification unit 410a-410d, controller 420 and first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4.First synchronous rectification unit 410a is connected to secondary windings 320a, and the second synchronous rectification unit 410b is connected to secondary windings 320b, and the 3rd synchronous rectification unit 410c is connected to secondary windings 320c, and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d is connected to secondary windings 320d.
First synchronous rectification unit 410a includes rectifier switch Q1, Q2, and the second synchronous rectification unit 410b includes rectifier switch Q3, Q4, and the 3rd synchronous rectification unit 410c includes rectifier switch Q5, Q6, and the 4th synchronous rectification unit 410d includes rectifier switch Q7, Q8.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q1 and Q2 is grounded respectively, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q1, Q2 is electrically connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320a, and wave filter L1 is connected to the center tap terminal of secondary windings 320a.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q3 and Q4 is grounded respectively, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q3, Q4 is electrically connected in the two ends of secondary windings 320a, and wave filter L2 is connected to the center tap terminal of secondary windings 320b.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q5, Q6 is grounded respectively, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q5, Q6 is electrically connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320b, and wave filter L3 is connected to the center tap terminal of secondary windings 320c.The source electrode of rectifier switch Q7, Q8 is grounded respectively, and the drain electrode of rectifier switch Q7, Q8 is electrically connected to the two ends of secondary windings 320d, and wave filter L4 is connected to the center tap terminal of secondary windings 320d.Grid SR1～the SR8 of rectifier switch Q1～Q8, and first to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 is electrically connected in controller 420.Grid SR1～the SR8 of rectifier switch Q1～Q8 receives the control signal of the output of controller 420 to carry out the switching action of on or off, uses the effect for providing synchronous rectification；First to fourth output switch SW1～SW4 receives the control signal of the output of controller 420 with or off.The center tap terminal of secondary windings 320a, 320b of transformator 30 is electrically connected to output capacitor Co.
The function and related description of other each elements of the power conversion system of second embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 11, it is actually all identical with the power conversion system of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 2, will not be described here.Power conversion system shown in Figure 11 can at least reach and the power conversion system identical function shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Certainly; the present invention can also have other various embodiments; in the case of without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and its essence; those of ordinary skill in the art work as and can make various corresponding changes and deformation according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformation should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of electric energy conversion system, to provide multiple need of the electronic installation under different operating states
Seek electric power, it is characterised in that the electric energy conversion system is included：
One isolating transformer, comprising an armature winding and multiple secondary windings, the grade secondary windings and the primary
One leakage inductance between winding with an at least coupling distance, the isolating transformer increases as the coupling distance increases
Plus；
One resonance modules, are electrically connected to the armature winding；
One handover module, is electrically connected to the resonance modules；And
One output-controlling device, comprising a controller and multiple output control modules, the controller is electrically connected to
The plurality of output control module, each output control module are electrically connected to a secondary windings therein,
Wherein, the controller orders about at least the one of the output-controlling device according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation
An operation electric power in one of output control module output correspondence demand electric power.
2. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that each output control module
Comprising a synchronous rectification unit, the controller is electrically connected to the plurality of synchronous rectification unit, each secondary windings
Therein one synchronous rectification unit is attached at least to, the controller is ordered about according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation
At least one synchronous rectification unit synchronizes rectification and exports the operation in one of correspondence demand electric power
Electric power.
3. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that each output control module
Comprising a synchronous rectification unit and an output switch, each output switch is electrically connected synchronous in therein one
Rectification unit, the controller are ordered about in the output-controlling device at least according to the mode of operation of the electronic installation
One output switch is turned on and exports the operation electric power in one of correspondence demand electric power.
4. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of secondary windings point
The both sides of the armature winding are not arranged in, the controller makes to be electrically connected to the armature winding both sides has identical
The plurality of synchronous rectification unit of the plurality of secondary windings of the coupling distance staggeredly synchronizes rectification.
5. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the controller order about this every
The plurality of synchronous rectification unit that close leakage inductance is produced from transformator staggeredly synchronizes rectification.
6. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the isolating transformer is also wrapped
Contain：
One bobbin winder bracket, at equal intervals on the bobbin winder bracket, the armature winding is wound in this to the plurality of secondary windings
On bobbin winder bracket, and positioned at the side of the respectively secondary windings, the plurality of armature winding is made with the plurality of secondary windings
In being staggered；And
One magnetic core, is sheathed on the bobbin winder bracket.
7. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the controller makes the plurality of
Synchronous rectification unit synchronizes rectification in order, and makes to synchronize the plurality of synchronous rectification unit of rectification
Progressively restrain with the spacing of a center between centers of the bobbin winder bracket.
8. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of secondary windings with
Coupling distance between the armature winding is all different.
9. electric energy conversion system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when the isolating transformer
The leakage inductance gradually increases, and the operation electric power of the electric energy conversion system output is gradually lowered.
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| CN201510705685.4A CN106612077A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Power conversion system |
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| CN201510705685.4A CN106612077A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Power conversion system |
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