CN106601844A - 一种自洁散热型太阳能组件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，包括边框、散热背板、若干组太阳能电池片、粘接剂及互联带，在太阳能电池片的迎光面的上部装有一纳米自洁玻璃。该太阳能组件具有自洁能力和散热功能，能自行清洁有机或无机尘、垢及水的污染，提高组件的寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池的技术领域，特别是涉及一种自洁散热型太阳能组件。
背景技术
晶体硅太阳能电池组件(光伏组件)通常采用高透光率、高强度玻璃材料进行封装，其多组件构成的组件阵列(光伏阵列)均在室外装置。长期以来，光伏组件或阵列的封装玻璃表面清洁问题以及散热问题一直困扰着其正常使用，需要时通常用人工清洁，不但费时、费工、有安全隐患，而且不可能及时实施。而室外环境中的有机或无机尘、垢污染不仅造成光透过率降低致使同样光辐射条件下发电效率降低，有时还会造成“热斑”效应(如鸟粪污染等)致使组件或阵列损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要克服上述不足，提供一种具有自洁能力和散热能力的太阳能组件。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，包括边框、散热背板、若干组太阳能电池片、粘接剂及互联带，在太阳能电池片的迎光面的上部装有一纳米自洁玻璃，所述散热背板包括依次层叠的外耐候层、第一导热粘结层、金属层、第二导热粘结层、聚酯主体层、第三导热粘结层和内耐候层。
作为优选，所述的纳米自洁玻璃为纳米镀膜玻璃。
作为优选，所述的纳米自洁玻璃为在平板玻璃表面涂覆纳米复膜玻璃。
作为优选，所述聚酯主体层的厚度为150至200微米，所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的厚度均为60至90微米，所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层的厚度均为15至35微米，所述金属层的厚度为30至60微米。
作为优选，所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的材料为聚氟乙烯膜、聚偏氟乙烯膜、聚三氟乙烯膜、聚四氟乙烯膜和四氟乙烯与乙烯的共聚物膜中的至少一种。
作为优选，所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层均为添加有导热金属颗粒的粘结层。
本发明具有如下的优点和效果：1、清洁无机污渍：光伏组件、阵列可通过天然降水的自然冲刷或者人工水定期喷淋，即可保证玻璃洁净清新。2、清洁有机污渍：通过光催化作用，纳米自清洁薄膜，可以有效分解覆着在光伏组件、阵列封装玻璃表面的有机沉淀物。3、光伏组件、阵列封装玻璃表面的自然清洁可使其保持更高的太阳光透过率，从而提高发电效率及发电量。4、可免除人工清洗，避免由此引发的工时、费用、安全问题等。5、可自然避免室外环境中的有机或无机尘、垢污染造成的光伏组件、阵列“热斑”效应(如鸟粪污染等)，使组件或阵列免遭损坏。6、具有优异的散热性能，可有利于降低太阳能组件内部的温度，进而提高电池片光电转换效率。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的自洁散热型太阳能组件的结构示意图；
图2是散热背板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，由四周的边框1、底部的散热背板2、若干组太阳能电池片(阵列)3、太阳能电池片(阵列)周围的粘接剂(EVA)4、太阳能电池片之间的电连接线互联带6、太阳能电池片(阵列)迎光面上部的纳米自洁玻璃5组成。纳米自洁玻璃5可以是纳米镀膜玻璃，也可以是平板玻璃表面涂覆纳米复膜玻璃。图中7-为密封条；8-为接线盒；9-为电源引出线。
如图2所示，所述散热背板2包括依次层叠的外耐候层21、第一导热粘结层22、金属层23、第二导热粘结层24、聚酯主体层25、第三导热粘结层26和内耐候层27。其中，所述聚酯主体层的厚度为150至200微米，所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的厚度均为60至90微米，所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的材料为聚氟乙烯膜、聚偏氟乙烯膜、聚三氟乙烯膜、聚四氟乙烯膜和四氟乙烯与乙烯的共聚物膜中的至少一种，所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层的厚度均为15至35微米，所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层均为添加有导热金属颗粒的粘结层，所述金属层的厚度为30至60微米。
纳米自洁玻璃5上的纳米膜与太阳光线中的紫外线反应，会产生双重作用：其一是催化作用，即可以使可见光中的远紫外线分解落在玻璃上的有机物，使有机污物化为乌有；其二它能使玻璃表面变成亲水性的，能把雨点或雾气变成一个薄层而使玻璃表面湿润，并洗掉玻璃表面的脏物。也可在平板玻璃表面涂覆了一层透明的二氧化钛光催化剂涂膜形成纳米复膜玻璃5。当被称为“光触媒”的二氧化钛催化剂膜遇到太阳光紫外线照射后，在外界光的激发状态下会使玻璃面层上的透明二氧化钛表面附着的有机物、污染物变成氧化碳和水且自动消除。
本发明的自洁散热型太阳能组件具有如下特性：
1、使用自洁纳米玻璃的太阳能组件、阵列表面具有超亲水性能。该特性可以使水分完全均匀地在玻璃表面铺展开来，并且完全地浸润玻璃和污染物，并通过水的重力将附着于玻璃上的污染物携带走，而不会像通常在玻璃板上形成水珠，粘附灰尘，从而达到光伏组件、阵列的自清洁效果，并保持其表面的长期清洁。
2、太阳能组件、阵列表面具有分解有机物的光催化功能。该光催化活性反应指：在阳光或紫外光的照射下，光伏组件、阵列表面的自清洁纳米薄膜材料对有机物会具有强烈的分解作用，而对无机物不会发生任何作用。
3、太阳能组件、阵列表面具有防雾作用。由于经过处理的玻璃表面具有超亲水性能，水分无法在基材表面形成水珠，而是形成均匀的水膜，从而可以使光伏组件、阵列表面具有防雾功能。
4、太阳能组件具有优异的散热性能，可有利于降低太阳能组件内部的温度，进而提高电池片光电转换效率。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于，包括边框、散热背板、若干组太阳能电池片、粘接剂及互联带，在太阳能电池片的迎光面的上部装有一纳米自洁玻璃，所述散热背板包括依次层叠的外耐候层、第一导热粘结层、金属层、第二导热粘结层、聚酯主体层、第三导热粘结层和内耐候层。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于所述的纳米自洁玻璃为纳米镀膜玻璃。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于所述的纳米自洁玻璃为在平板玻璃表面涂覆纳米复膜玻璃。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于所述聚酯主体层的厚度为150至200微米，所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的厚度均为60至90微米，所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层的厚度均为15至35微米，所述金属层的厚度为30至60微米。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于所述外耐候层和所述内耐候层的材料为聚氟乙烯膜、聚偏氟乙烯膜、聚三氟乙烯膜、聚四氟乙烯膜和四氟乙烯与乙烯的共聚物膜中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种自洁散热型太阳能组件，其特征在于所述第一导热粘结层、所述第二导热粘结层和第三导热粘结层均为添加有导热金属颗粒的粘结层。
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| CN109950329A (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-28 | 深圳伊尚纳米科技有限公司 | 一种带纳米自洁涂层可提高光伏模块发电量的太阳能板 |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200944405Y (zh) * | 2006-08-22 | 2007-09-05 | 杨志刚 | 一种自清洁太阳能电池组件 |
| CN202678369U (zh) * | 2012-07-17 | 2013-01-16 | 昆山雅森电子材料科技有限公司 | 背接触式太阳能电池的太阳能背板 |
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| CN200944405Y (zh) * | 2006-08-22 | 2007-09-05 | 杨志刚 | 一种自清洁太阳能电池组件 |
| CN202678369U (zh) * | 2012-07-17 | 2013-01-16 | 昆山雅森电子材料科技有限公司 | 背接触式太阳能电池的太阳能背板 |
| CN203192818U (zh) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-09-11 | 昆山雅森电子材料科技有限公司 | 散热型太阳能背板 |
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| CN109950329A (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-28 | 深圳伊尚纳米科技有限公司 | 一种带纳米自洁涂层可提高光伏模块发电量的太阳能板 |
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