CN106601324A - High-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106601324A CN106601324A CN201611114257.5A CN201611114257A CN106601324A CN 106601324 A CN106601324 A CN 106601324A CN 201611114257 A CN201611114257 A CN 201611114257A CN 106601324 A CN106601324 A CN 106601324A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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Abstract
The present invention provides a high-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and a preparation method thereof. The high-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material comprises a clad copper layer and an aluminum core base body; an interatomic bonded metallurgical bonding layer is formed between the clad copper layer and the aluminum core base body; the thickness of the bonding layer ranges from 5 to 35 microns, and the bonding strength of the bonding layer is more than 40 MPa; a copper-aluminum intermetallic compound is dispersedly distributed in the bonding layer; the components of a diffusion layer adjacent to a copper base body are uniform, and the thickness of the diffusion layer is small; and a diffusion layer adjacent to an aluminum base body is of a reticular structure formed by a mixture of two or more components, and the thickness of the diffusion layer is large. According to the high-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and the preparation method thereof of the invention, the bonding of copper and aluminum achieves a metallurgical bonding state, the corresponding bonding strength of the bonding of copper and aluminum is more than 40MPa; the thickness of the side copper layer of the copper-aluminum composite conductive material is about 1.6 to 2 times of the thickness of the plane copper layer of the copper-aluminum composite conductive material; the thickness of the side clad copper layer is large enough to meet the requirements of large current impact and heat dissipation; and the elongation rate of the copper-aluminum composite material is greater than 30%. The processing of torsion, spiraling and side bending of the high-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material in the application of the high-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material to new fields can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite materials, relates in particular to a kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Copper aluminum composite material also known as copper clad aluminum wire, copper wrapped aluminum bus, its outer layer are copper, and core is aluminum by being composited.
The combination of its outer layer copper of existing copper aluminum composite material and core aluminum is generally mechanical bond, i.e., so-called copper cover aluminum, its
Outer layer copper and core aluminum are bonded together by pressure force under solid function, the knot at copper aluminum interface under this combination
Close intensity relatively low, in the presence of external force, easily cause copper and aluminum segregation phenomenon occur.Observe under high power microscope, it is no to send out
There is mutual diffusion layer between existing copper aluminum, observed when microscope is amplified to 500～1000 times, copper aluminum interface has significantly
Gap, illustrates that the bond strength of copper clad aluminum material under mechanical coupling fashion is relatively low.Patent《A kind of improved copper-clad aluminum busbar
And preparation method thereof》（The patent No.：CN201010591239.2）, aluminium bar is formed into the operation of Copper-Aluminum compound through the copper liquid of melting
Have difficulties, as the fusing point of aluminum is 660 DEG C, well below 1083 DEG C of the fusing point of copper, when copper liquid of the aluminium bar through melting
Fusing occurs and cannot be combined, the copper clad aluminum wire of this structure cannot ensure the knot at copper aluminum interface in macroscopic view and microcosmic
Close intensity.
Existing copper aluminum composite material is in various application fields except needing to carry out conventional bending, punching, hole milling, strand
The processing of silk, the mode such as press, with the continuous lifting of product use requirement, reverses, the processing mode such as spiral and lateral bending is carried
Go out, this requires that copper aluminum composite material can have preferable deformability and higher bond strength, it is ensured that will processing is completed
When asking, copper aluminum interface is not destroyed.But the elongation percentage of general copper aluminum composite material is 3～20%, it is difficult to reach torsion, spiral and side
Curved processing request, and easily there is Pericarpium Citri tangerinae defect in product surface after processing, and copper aluminum interface is easily cracking to be separated now
As this kind of bad products electric current density that product surface is distributed in use is extremely uneven, the electricity of the separated part that ftractures
Current density is relatively large, causes separated part heating even to be burnt.In addition, cracking separated part copper aluminum between it may also happen that
Couple corrosion, causes security incident.
As described above, existing copper aluminum composite material is disadvantageous in that：1. the binding ability between copper aluminum is on the weak side, does not have
The metallurgical binding state of composite essential requirement is reached, corresponding bond strength is also low；2. for flattened elastic Copper-Aluminum compound
There is design problem in material, the distribution for coating copper layer thickness, leptoprosopy coats the thinner thickness of layers of copper, and electric current density is larger, not enough
To support that heavy current impact, and leptoprosopy cladding layers of copper easily generate heat, thermal diffusivity is poor；3. existing copper aluminum composite material processing
Performance can only realize the processing of the modes such as conventional bending, punching, hole milling, the tapping that presses, the torsion, spiral shell for frontier application
The processing of the mode such as rotation and lateral bending can't be realized.
The method of production copper aluminum composite material substantially has following several at present：1. copper sheet is coated on aluminum by tube-weld cladding technique
Copper sheet seam welds are got up by rod outer surface by welding method, then carry out the drawing molding of multi-pass；2. sleeve pipe rolling,
Aluminium bar is inserted in copper pipe, a kind of method of solid phase binding molding between copper pipe and aluminium bar is made through rolling pressing；3. fill core casting
Method, by the closing of bottom one of copper pipe, then the aluminium liquid of melting is poured in copper pipe, forms Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock after aluminium liquid solidification,
Again through rolling, drawing molding；4. hydrostatic extrusion method, using large-scale extrusion equipment by major diameter copper pipe with fine aluminium rod in big pressure
Lower extrusion molding；5. in aluminium core electroplating surface layers of copper, then carry out drawing and roll into type.
Said method is 1. 2. legal substantially using solid-state junction with method, i.e., the copper and aluminum of solid-state are made by plastic deformation
The mechanical bond that two kinds of metals are formed when by ambient pressure, no obvious phase diffusion layer, bond strength between copper aluminum
It is very low；The process that 3. said method pours into a mould aluminium liquid is discontinuous and unstable, easily causes the burn-through of copper pipe, and once-cast
Limited length, so there is lumber recovery and production efficiency is low, properties of product are unstable；Said method is 4. temporary at home
Without report, hydrostatic extrusion technology has application in Britain, and manufacturer Bruker uses large-scale hydrostatic extruder by copper pipe and core aluminum
The solid phase binding between copper aluminum is realized in bar crimp, then is copper aluminum composite material by various mould moldings, this method pair
It is very high using equipment requirements, and continuously can not produce, production efficiency is relatively low, and loss is big, and technological requirement is complicated, manufacturing cost
Height, is not suitable for producing in enormous quantities；The finite thickness of said method 5. copper electroplating layer, general electroplating thickness is well below additive method
The thickness of copper pipe used, and layers of copper easily comes off, it is impossible to guarantee the quality problems of product.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material and its preparation to solve the above problems
Method.
The technical scheme is that what is be achieved in that：A kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material, including cladding
Layers of copper and aluminium core matrix, are formed with the metallurgical bonding layer of interatomic bond, the knot between the cladding layers of copper and aluminium core matrix
Thickness degree is closed for 5～35um, bond strength >=40Mpa, the copper Al intermetallic for having Dispersed precipitate in binder courses, near copper
The diffusion composition of layer of matrix side is uniform, and thickness is narrower, and the diffusion layer near aluminum substrate side is presented two or more into split-phase
The network structure of mixing, thickness are wider, flattened elastic copper aluminum composite material side copper layer thickness for plane copper layer thickness 1.6～2
Times；
The method for preparing high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material, comprises the following steps that：
1）, aluminum melting
Raw material aluminium ingot is added in aluminium melting furnace and is melted, proportionally the AlB of 1.5 ‰ -5 ‰ contents3With 3 ‰ -7 ‰
NH4Cl is added in aluminium melting furnace, carries out the highly purified removal of impurity and degasification, adds furnace volume to be 100kg-400kg every time, corresponding
The rotating speed of degasification stirring rod is 100-400r/min, and degassing blender is passed through the flow-control of high-purity argon gas to 0.1-0.5L/
Min, degasification time control to 15～20min, after slagging-off degasification, aluminium liquid can be used；Temperature of aluminum liquid control 770～820 DEG C it
Between, now regulation aluminium melting furnace power is between 50～70kw；
2）, molten copper
Raw material standards catholyte copper coin is added in anaerobic melting furnace, the Aerugo on electrolytic copper plate surface and pollutant are thrown
Ray machine is processed by shot blasting that the body of heater of melting furnace is divided into three parts：Fusion zone, heat preservation zone, standing area, electrolytic copper plate are added to
Fusion zone, each 3～5min of dosing intervals, copper liquid temperature are maintained between 1150～1180 DEG C, and the copper liquid of fusing flows into insulation
Area, now needs into trip temperature to adjust, and the copper liquid after the completion of insulation is diverted into standing area and waits copper to use；
3）, Copper-Aluminum compound
The above-mentioned copper liquid of the 1st step output and the aluminium liquid of the 2nd step output are combined by respective circulation passage, copper liquid passes through
Stream copper tube enters into composite cavity, and aluminium liquid enters into composite cavity by the stream aluminum tubes of core, the two Jing in composite furnace
Cross the crystallizer of composite die and periphery, secondary three chillers formed outer layer be copper, core be aluminum Copper-Aluminum compound rod
Base, composite casting temperature control to 1200 ± 5 DEG C, at 50～60 DEG C, flow-control is 4 for the control of crystallizer cooling water return water temperature
～8L/min, what is be connected with crystallizer is secondary three chillers, and the flow of the cooling water of secondary three chillers is about
For 12～25L/min, the hauling speed control of bar stock is in 110～180mm/min；
4）, rolling copper-aluminum compound bar billet
Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock made by 3rd step is rolled, milling train is two-roller reversible milling train, and milling train both sides are provided with stirring
Device, can be box pass system with automatic stirring materials, roll, the Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock of square-section is rolled into flattened elastic section
Copper-Aluminum compound intermediate products, during rolling, roll gap is usually arranged as 2～3mm, and mill speed is 10～40m/min；
5）, side treatment
The Copper-Aluminum compound that rolling is completed rolls expects that its side supplied materials, under the transmission of transfer roller, is at the uniform velocity driven under impaction state, enters
Enter side treatment equipment, Grinding wheel and the Copper-Aluminum compound of equipment roll the side of material and contact, and revolve by the high speed of Grinding wheel
Turn, the contact surface top layer of supplied materials is carried out into rubbing down process；
6）, plane treatment
5th step treated semi-finished product Copper-Aluminum compound is arranged, after processing through rubbing down, upper and lower surface also needs to be located for side
Reason, supplied materials into plane treatment equipment, are compressed by up-down rollers, prevent from swinging up and down by carry-over pinch rolls leader, supplied materials transmission speed
Spend for 3～5m/min, under the traction of actuating device, supplied materials at the uniform velocity moves ahead, and by the process equipment of lower planes, is put down up and down
The layers of copper top layer mill off in face, milling cutter 0.10～0.15mm of the depth of cut, layers of copper are 0.1～0.15mm by mill off amount；
7）, drawing
Supplied materials after the process of the 6th step is carried out into drawing, 25%～30%, working modulus is for first passage drawing amount working modulus control
≤ 30%, the straight material of certain length is coiled or is sawed into after drawing, whole drawing, coiling and sawing process are automatically controlled,
Can work continuously；
8）, annealing
Annealing is topmost one procedure before formed product, 295～345 DEG C of annealing temperature, and anneal 3～4.5h of temperature retention time,
Then to tank body water-spraying control to room temperature；
（9）, surface clean
The Copper-Aluminum compound row that 8th step is completed by automatic feed mechanism is placed in gathering sill, starting device, in the drive of transmission wheel
Lower Copper-Aluminum compound row first passes through alkali cleaning case, is furnished with hairbrush and air knife in casing, and hairbrush is used to brush surface and oil contaminant, air knife drying copper
Aluminum composite bar surface；One water injector is then passed through, remained on surface alkali liquor is water-washed away, acid cleaning tank, acid cleaning tank after drying up, is entered
Hairbrush and air knife are equally also equipped with inside, pickling processes are finished and enter inactivating case after washing together is dried up again, press in inactivating case
Passivating solution is configured according to passivation technology, spray passivation is dried after finishing automatically, goes out and be passivated casing, immediately under the traction of conveyer belt
Automatic collecting device by surface clean passivation finish Copper-Aluminum compound row be placed on receiving rack；
Preferably, the working modulus in the drawing process is：As thickness h >=10mm, 25% ＞ working modulus≤30%；When 6mm≤
During thickness h ＜ 10mm, 20% ＞ working modulus≤25%；During 3mm≤thickness h ＜ 6mm, 15% ＞ working modulus≤20%；Thickness h ＜ 3mm
When, working modulus≤15%；
Preferably, the annealing process adopts pot annealing and online induction annealing；
Preferably, Copper-Aluminum compound mining online induction annealing of the specification width for more than 80mm, copper of the specification in below 80mm
Aluminum composite bar adopts pot annealing；
Preferably, the rolling mill practice adopts nine passage drawing process of pass；
Preferably, the drawing process can take disk drawing, hydraulic drawing and crawler belt drawing process.Width specifications≤30mm, adopt
Disk draws drawing or hydraulic drawing or crawler belt drawing；30mm ＜ width specifications≤120mm, using hydraulic drawing or crawler belt drawing；6m/
Min≤disk pulling rate degree≤60m/min, 50m/min≤crawler belt drawing speed≤80m/min, hydraulic drawing speed≤8m/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Combine between the high-strength copper-aluminum composite conducting material copper aluminum of the present invention and reach metallurgy
Bonding state, corresponding bond strength are more than 40MPa；Copper aluminum composite material side layers of copper compares planar thick, about plane copper
1.6～2 times of thickness degree, side cladding copper layer thickness are sufficient for heavy current impact and radiating；Copper aluminum composite material elongation percentage
More than more than 30%, torsion, the spiral and lateral bending processing for frontier application can be realized.
1）The present invention makes aluminium liquid reach high-purity low gas content by the particular procedure to aluminium liquid and the degassing process of formulation
The purification aluminum of amount, while the control to body of heater amount of cooling water reduces energy consumption and heat waste amount 6～8%.
2）The surface Aerugo of electrolytic copper plate and pollutant are processed by shot blasting that with buffing machine smelting furnace body of heater is divided into three portions of area
Point, fusing, adjustment, stable state are realized, sealed bell, the copper liquid top layer of fusing have graphite nodule and Linesless charcoal to be covered
Protection is anti-oxidation, is processed as reaching the effect of low hydrogen hypoxia, and control hydrogen-oxygen content reduces the gassiness of copper liquid in below 10PPM
Amount can avoid subsequent production product from potential bubble occur.
3）Copper-Aluminum compound temperature control to 1200 ± 5 DEG C, so can ensure that copper liquid aluminium liquid mobility is optimal, and the degree of superheat is full
Foot solidification demand.Secondary three cooling flow are about three times of the cooling flow of crystallizer, and cooling water flow is about 12～25L/
Min which act as taking away the latent heat produced when aluminium core solidifies, and makes the bar stock after cooling reach normal temperature state.
4）Coordinate what is realized by casting temperature and cooling, composite casting temperature control to 1200 ± 5 DEG C, hauling speed control
Make 110～180mm/, crystallizer cooling water return water temperature control to 50～60 DEG C, flow-control to 4～8L/min, copper aluminum knot
Close layer thickness requirement joint thickness to control to 5～35 μm, between copper, aluminum substrate, there is obvious diffusion layer, i.e. metallurgical binding
Layer, realizes interatomic bond between copper aluminum.
5）Roll adopts box pass system, is conducive to strengthening the interface bond strength of Copper-Aluminum compound row, and bond strength is more than
40Mpa（The Copper-Aluminum compound prepared using additive method is arranged its bond strength and is difficult to reach）, while each passage below can be shared
The drafts of rolling, it is to avoid reduction in pass is big and materials processing is hardened and causes rolling crack phenomenon below.
6）Side is processed and plane processing operation instead of traditional surface treatment mode, and process velocity is lifted
2.2 times, and the impression of material surface is completely eliminated, cast the defects such as stricture of vagina, three chinks.
7）Drawing procedure can automatically continuously operation, while equipped with retractable winding apparatus, coiled strip can be batched, production is straight
Can be according to production requirement scale sawing during material, in theory can following endless material.
Specific embodiment
In order to more fully understand and implement, the following detailed description of a kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material of the invention
And preparation method thereof：A kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material in the present invention, including aluminum row's matrix and layers of copper, cladding
The metallurgical bonding layer that atom bond is closed is formed between layers of copper and aluminium core matrix, joint thickness is controlled to 25 μm, the binder courses
Different from common Cu and Al combination, it is desirable to bond strength 40MPa, wherein disperse has copper Al intermetallic CuAl2、Cu9Al4、
CuAl。
Design does not wait the casting mould of copper layer thickness, replaces the mode of rolling in following process according to flat hole with vertical hole, raw
Product produces the thicker product of leptoprosopy layers of copper so that the side copper layer thickness of Copper-Aluminum compound row is 1.8 times of plane copper layer thickness,
Such product is more conform with electrical principles such as " Kelvin effects ", solves flattened elastic copper aluminum composite material leptoprosopy radiating hardly possible and current-carrying
Not enough problem.
A kind of preparation method of the high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material in the present invention is comprised the following steps：
First, cast Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock
1. aluminum melting
By raw material 1070（Or equivalent 1060）Model aluminium ingot is melted in being added to aluminium melting furnace, will proportionally 3 ‰ content
AlB3With 5 ‰ NH4It is Medium frequency induction melting furnace that Cl is added to aluminium melting furnace in aluminium melting furnace, and the rated power of aluminium melting furnace is
500KW.Furnace volume is added to be 200kg every time, the rotating speed of corresponding degasification stirring rod is 200r/min, and degassing blender is passed through high-purity
To 0.2L/min, degasification time control to 18min, so corresponding parameters adjusting can be by per stove aluminum for the flow-control of argon
The gas of liquid is eliminated.By temperature of aluminum liquid control to 780 DEG C, now adjust aluminium melting furnace power between 60kw, this span of control
Temperature can meet the temperature requirement of continuous casting process, in addition, reducing cooling water can reduce thermal loss, reduce to greatest extent
Energy consumption.
2. copper is melted
Raw material standards catholyte copper coin is added to into fusion zone in anaerobic melting furnace, the Aerugo on electrolytic copper plate surface and dirt
Dye thing is processed by shot blasting that with buffing machine each 3～5min of dosing intervals, the copper liquid of fusing flow into heat preservation zone, after the completion of insulation
Copper liquid be diverted into standing area and wait copper to use, the body of heater of melting furnace is divided into three parts：Fusion zone, heat preservation zone and standing
Area.Electrolytic copper plate is added to fusion zone, and copper liquid temperature is maintained between 1150～1180 DEG C, and heat preservation zone and standing area's temperature keep
Between 1200 ± 10 DEG C, so control can make up the crystallization potential needed for copper liquid process of setting, in addition can be with supplementation with copper aluminum
Heat energy needed for recombination process, so as to realize metallurgical binding.
Whole melting furnace body of heater has a closed bell, and the copper liquid top layer of fusing has graphite nodule and Linesless charcoal to carry out covering protection to prevent
Only copper liquid oxidation and air-breathing, are processed as reaching the effect of low hydrogen hypoxia, and control hydrogen-oxygen content reduces copper liquid in below 10ppm
Air content can avoid potential bubble during subsequent production product, occur.
3. Copper-Aluminum compound
The copper liquid and aluminium liquid of as above 1,2 step outputs are combined by respective circulation passage, copper liquid is cold by crystallizer
But the copper pipe of solidification is formed, core aluminium liquid is entered into inside copper pipe by flowing aluminum tubes, then by the copper sheathing inside crystallizer, copper
Pipe cooling down forms the core aluminum of solidification, finally by formation Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock after the cooling of secondary three chillers.Copper
Liquid enters into composite cavity, composite casting temperature control to 1205 DEG C, stream aluminum tubes of the aluminium liquid by core by flowing copper tube
Composite cavity is entered into, the two crystallizer in composite furnace through composite die and periphery, secondary three chiller shapes
It is copper into outer layer, core is the Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock of aluminum.
Crystallizer cooling water return water temperature control to 55 DEG C, flow-control to 6L/min, what is be connected with crystallizer is two
Secondary three coolings, the flow of secondary three cooling waters is about 18L/min, be three times of crystallizer cooling water flow, and bar stock is led
Draw speed controlling to 150mm/min.There is obvious phase diffusion layer, i.e. metallurgical bonding layer between copper, aluminum substrate, between copper aluminum
Interatomic bond is realized, in binder courses, has the intermetallic compound CuAl of Dispersed precipitate2、Cu9Al4、CuAl.Near Copper substrate one
The diffusion composition of layer of side is uniform, and thickness is narrower, and the diffusion layer near aluminum substrate side is presented what two or more compositions were mixed
Network structure, thickness are wider.
2nd, roll
1）Split rolling method
A1 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, using vertical pass E rollings, according to strand
The difference of specification and rolling specs, reduction ratio also have obvious difference.Typically use small dimension strand rolling large-size copper
During aluminum composite bar, because rolling material needs enough broadenings, reduction ratio is smaller；And use big specification strand to roll little rule
When lattice Copper-Aluminum compound is arranged, because rolling material needs larger receipts width, reduction ratio compares larger, and reduction ratio is 5%～23%
Between., typically between 3 °～9 °, angle of sides is excessive, and the requirement to turn-down rig is higher, stirring for the angle of sides of vertical pass E
After roll material operation it is unstable, be difficult to align during into next pass, roll be susceptible to when material is nipped distortion, additionally, gradient is got over
Greatly, roll material more serious to the abrasion of the sidewall of pass, while also easier stick copper on the sidewall of pass, and it is strong to rolling the combination of material
Degree does not have benefit, and in terms of being mainly manifested in rolling on edge, plain barrel pass is smaller due to groove depth, so such case is showed not during flat-rolled
It is apparent.In addition, angle of sides can not be too little, too small can the obstruction of angle of sides rolls nipping and dishing out for material, and unfavorable
In the loaded vehicle of roll, cause the utilization rate of roll poor.
2）First passage stands groove rolling（Rolling on edge）
A1 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, using vertical pass E rollings, reduction ratio is between 20%.Vertical pass E
Angle of sides typically between 7 °, A2 is referred to as by the material that rolls of the first passage rolling on edge.
3）Second passage flat-rolled
A2 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, is rolled using plain barrel pass F, reduction ratio
Between 55%, between 14 °, the apparent condition that material is rolled after this passes becomes more light by coarse for the angle of sides of plain barrel pass F
Sliding, the now obtained material that rolls is referred to as A3.
4）Second passage rolling on edge
A3 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, using vertical pass G rollings, reduction ratio
Between 15%, between 5 °, the now obtained material that rolls is referred to as A4 for the angle of sides of plain barrel pass G.
5）3rd passage flat-rolled
A4 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, is rolled using plain barrel pass H, reduction ratio exists
Between 22%, between 13 °, the now obtained material that rolls is referred to as A5 for the angle of sides of plain barrel pass H.
6）3rd passage rolling on edge
A5 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, using vertical pass I rollings, reduction ratio leads to
Often between 8%, the angle of sides of pass I is found between 5 °, the now obtained material that rolls is referred to as A6.
7）Four-pass flat-rolled
A6 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, is rolled using plain barrel pass J, reduction ratio exists
Between 16%, between 8 ° ~ 10 °, the now obtained material that rolls is referred to as A7 for the angle of sides of plain barrel pass J.
8）Four-pass rolling on edge
A7 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, using vertical pass K rollings, reduction ratio leads to
Often between 6%, the angle of sides of pass K is found between 3 °, this passage is last a time rolling on edge, needs strictly to control to roll
The receipts width size of material, the now obtained material that rolls are referred to as A8.
9）5th passage flat-rolled
A8 is overturn into 90 ° by the turn-down rig of reversable mill, appropriate roll gap is adjusted, is rolled using plain barrel pass L, reduction ratio leads to
Often between 15%, between 12 °, this passage is last passes before drawing, is needed strict for the angle of sides of plain barrel pass L
The discharging size of material is rolled in ground control, that is, reserve appropriate drawing amount, and significantly impact is had on the apparent condition of drawing material.This
When it is obtained roll material be referred to as A9.
3rd, side throwing
The Copper-Aluminum compound that rolling is completed is rolled into material side throwing machine, 4 units of side throwing machine component, side throwing are entered under the transmission of transfer roller
Two groups of polishing upper sides before machine, two groups of polishing lower planes after side throwing machine, polishing thing are sand paper sized flap wheel, and narrow side polishing amount control exists
0.12mm, the side throwing equipment for being used have hold down gag, can prevent Copper-Aluminum compound from rolling material and swing up and down or swing, and narrow side is beaten
Mill amount should be grouped to be carried out, it is to avoid single pass polishing amount is excessive, and it should be that two narrow sides are alternately polished that packet carries out side polishing.
4th, milling face
Supplied materials is arranged for the Copper-Aluminum compound of rolling, enters face milling machine by carry-over pinch rolls leader, and supplied materials is compressed by up-down rollers, prevented
Lower swing, supplied materials transmission speed be 4m/min, milling cutter be arranged on circular-roll cutter on, roller knife surface be spiral helicine blade, shape
Shape is circular-roll shape milling cutter.Milling cutter is divided into two groups, plane in first group of processing, second group of processing lower plane, the milling cutter depth of cut
0.13mm, layers of copper are 0.12mm by mill off amount.The copper scale in milling face is reclaimed by pipeline by aerator.
5th, drawing
Drawing process step：
1）Swaging.Supplied materials stone roller head length 250mm, supplied materials swaging end Cu and Al combination, visual observations are less than copper aluminum segregation phenomenon；Swaging
Optimum thickness is 0.3mm less than mold thickness, and to spill 120mm after progressive die, such swaging is easier swaging optimum length
Drawing, is not in tensile phenomenon.
2）Drawing.First passage drawing amount can be with larger, and working modulus control is more suitable 25% or so, and maximum is not exceeded
30%, during thickness 12mm, working modulus φ（φ=(1-F1/F0)×100%）25% should be controlled, but it should be noted that thickness drawing amount is tried one's best
4mm is not exceeded；And as thickness is thinner, drawing passes is more, working modulus should be less.
3）Rewinding.Rewinding adopts automatic sawing, cutting, it is desirable to which cutting length is arranged between 6m, takes 3 at random after drawing out straight material
Straight material inspection glacing flatness, length and apparent, it is ensured that the glacing flatness of straight material, length and apparent meet production requirement.Glacing flatness will
Ask the narrow side flexibility in any 1m length be not more than 2mm, broadside flexibility should be not more than 5mm；Under length tolerance requires to be
± the 3 ‰ of material length.
6th, anneal
Specification width is 80mm and the Copper-Aluminum compound row of the above is using online induction annealing, and such as specification width 100mm copper aluminum is multiple
The row of conjunction is conveyed through induction coil region by transmission bearing and heats up in the internal faradic current that produces of Copper-Aluminum compound row, induction annealing
To 140A, in exit, by equipment water jetting cooler, quickly cooling reaches the quick annealing effect for cooling down that is rapidly heated to current settings
Really.Induction annealing supplied materials transmission speed is 45mm/s.Online induction annealing can pass through the infrared radiation thermometer of discharging opening in good time to copper
The temperature of aluminum composite bar is monitored, and the temperature of annealing is generally disposed between 295 ~ 345 DEG C.
Copper-Aluminum compound row pot annealing of the specification in below 80mm, such as specification width 60mm, then to Copper-Aluminum compound
It is ranked after chi 6.3m and is mounted on material frame, the tank body that is heated is loaded by hanging, pot type bright annealing is moved back according to different batches
Fiery temperature retention time is about 4.2h, sends into heating furnace by switch board button, and evacuation 12min is filled with argon to 0.12MPa
Between, arrange specification to arrange annealing temperature according to Copper-Aluminum compound is 330 DEG C, carries out pot type according to the batch setting heating and thermal insulation time
Bright annealing.Tank body water-spraying control is sprayed water by spraying cooling pipeline surrounding, it is ensured that the Quick uniform cooling of tank body.
Change heat treatment method and lift material plasticity performance, online induction annealing causes material temperature in the extremely short time
（General 6～10s）Then interior lifting cools the temperature to room temperature through quick water-cooled to 350 DEG C or so.This method for annealing
So that the crystal grain inside layers of copper realizes recrystallization, and crystal grain has little time to grow up, while the binder courses at copper aluminum interface are not destroyed, because
The plastic deformation ability of this material is preferable.By this method for annealing can by the elongation control of copper aluminum composite material to 30～
35%, the requirement of the processing modes such as torsion, spiral and lateral bending can be met.
7th, surface clean
On automatic feed mechanism platform, automatic charging and material collecting device hold copper aluminum again by vacuum cup to Copper-Aluminum compound be set with
The row of conjunction surface, is realized up and down and is moved left and right by leading screw, Copper-Aluminum compound row is placed in gathering sill, in the drive of transmission wheel
Lower Copper-Aluminum compound row first passes through alkali cleaning case, is furnished with hairbrush and air knife in casing, and hairbrush is used to brush surface and oil contaminant, air knife drying copper
Aluminum composite bar surface；One water injector is then passed through, remained on surface alkali liquor is water-washed away, acid cleaning tank, acid cleaning tank after drying up, is entered
Hairbrush and air knife are equally also equipped with inside, pickling processes are finished and enter inactivating case after washing together is dried up again, and inactivating case is interior will
Passivating solution is sprayed to Copper-Aluminum compound row surface, and spray passivation is dried after finishing automatically, goes out to be passivated casing under the traction of conveyer belt,
And then the Copper-Aluminum compound row that surface clean passivation is finished by automatic collecting device is placed in receiving rack, completes whole surface clear
The technological process washed.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material, including cladding layers of copper and aluminium core matrix, it is characterised in that the bag
The metallurgical bonding layer of interatomic bond is formed between copper clad layers and aluminium core matrix, the joint thickness is 5～35um, with reference to
Intensity >=40Mpa, the copper Al intermetallic for having Dispersed precipitate in binder courses, the diffusion composition of layer near Copper substrate side are equal
Even, thickness is narrower, and the diffusion layer near aluminum substrate side is presented the network structure that two or more compositions are mixed, thickness compared with
Width, 1.6～2 times for plane copper layer thickness of flattened elastic copper aluminum composite material side copper layer thickness.
2. the method for preparing high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include with
Lower processing step：
1）, aluminum melting
Raw material aluminium ingot is added in aluminium melting furnace and is melted, proportionally the AlB of 1.5 ‰～5 ‰ contents3With 3 ‰～7 ‰
NH4Cl is added in aluminium melting furnace, carries out the highly purified removal of impurity and degasification, adds furnace volume to be 100kg～400kg every time, relatively
The rotating speed of the degasification stirring rod answered is 100～400r/min, degassing blender be passed through the flow-control of high-purity argon gas to 0.1～
0.5L/min, degasification time control to 15～20min, after slagging-off degasification, aluminium liquid can be used；Temperature of aluminum liquid control 770～
Between 820 DEG C, aluminium melting furnace 50～70kw of power；
2）, molten copper
Raw material standards catholyte copper coin is added in anaerobic melting furnace, the Aerugo on electrolytic copper plate surface and pollutant are thrown
Ray machine is processed by shot blasting that be then added to fusion zone, copper liquid temperature is maintained between 1150～1180 DEG C, the copper liquid stream of fusing
Enter heat preservation zone, the copper liquid after the completion of insulation is diverted into standing area and waits copper to use；
3）, Copper-Aluminum compound
The above-mentioned aluminium liquid of the 1st step output and the copper liquid of the 2nd step output are combined by respective circulation passage, copper liquid passes through
Stream copper tube enters into composite cavity, and aluminium liquid enters into composite cavity by the stream aluminum tubes of core, the two Jing in composite furnace
Cross the crystallizer of composite die and periphery, secondary three chillers formed outer layer be copper, core be aluminum Copper-Aluminum compound rod
Base, composite casting temperature control to 1200 ± 5 DEG C, at 50～60 DEG C, flow-control is 4 for the control of crystallizer cooling water return water temperature
～8L/min, what is be connected with crystallizer is secondary three chillers, and the flow of the cooling water in secondary three devices is about
12～25L/min, the hauling speed of bar stock are controlled in 110～180mm/min；
4）, rolling copper-aluminum compound bar billet
Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock made by 3rd step is rolled, milling train is two-roller reversible milling train, and milling train both sides are provided with stirring
Device, can be box pass system with automatic stirring materials, roll, the Copper-Aluminum compound bar stock of square-section is rolled into flattened elastic section
Copper-Aluminum compound intermediate products, during rolling, roll gap is set to 2～3mm, and mill speed is 10～40m/min；
5）, side treatment
The Copper-Aluminum compound that rolling is completed rolls expects that its side supplied materials, under the transmission of transfer roller, is at the uniform velocity driven under impaction state, enters
Side treatment equipment, Grinding wheel and the Copper-Aluminum compound of equipment roll the side of material and contact, and are rotated by the high speed of Grinding wheel,
The contact surface top layer of supplied materials is carried out into rubbing down process；
6）, plane treatment
5th step treated semi-finished product Copper-Aluminum compound is arranged, after processing through rubbing down, upper and lower surface also needs to be located for side
Reason, supplied materials into plane treatment equipment, are compressed by up-down rollers, prevent from swinging up and down by carry-over pinch rolls leader, supplied materials transmission speed
Spend for 3～5m/min, under the traction of actuating device, supplied materials at the uniform velocity moves ahead, and by the process equipment of lower planes, is put down up and down
The layers of copper top layer mill off in face, milling cutter 0.10～0.15mm of the depth of cut, layers of copper are 0.1～0.15mm by milling amount；
7）, drawing
Supplied materials after the process of the 6th step is carried out into drawing, 25%～30%, working modulus is for first passage drawing amount working modulus control
≤ 30%, the straight material of certain length is coiled or is sawed into after drawing, whole drawing, coiling and sawing process are automatically controlled,
Can work continuously；
8）, annealing
Annealing is topmost one procedure before formed product, 295～345 DEG C of annealing temperature, and anneal 3～4.5h of temperature retention time,
Then to tank body water-spraying control to room temperature；
（9）, surface clean
The Copper-Aluminum compound row that 8th step is completed by automatic feed mechanism is placed in gathering sill, starting device, in the drive of transmission wheel
Lower Copper-Aluminum compound row first passes through alkali cleaning case, is furnished with hairbrush and air knife in casing, and hairbrush is used to brush surface and oil contaminant, air knife drying copper
Aluminum composite bar surface；One water injector is then passed through, remained on surface alkali liquor is water-washed away, acid cleaning tank, acid cleaning tank after drying up, is entered
Hairbrush and air knife are equally also equipped with inside, pickling processes are finished and enter inactivating case after washing together is dried up again, press in inactivating case
Passivating solution is configured according to passivation technology, spray passivation is dried after finishing automatically, goes out and be passivated casing, immediately under the traction of conveyer belt
Automatic collecting device by surface clean passivation finish Copper-Aluminum compound row be placed on receiving rack.
3. a kind of preparation method of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
The working modulus stated in drawing process is：As thickness h >=10mm, 25% ＞ working modulus≤30%；As 6mm≤thickness h ＜ 10mm,
20% ＞ working modulus≤25%；During 3mm≤thickness h ＜ 6mm, 15% ＞ working modulus≤20%；During thickness h ＜ 3mm, working modulus≤15%.
4. a kind of preparation method of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
Annealing process is stated using pot annealing and online induction annealing.
5. a kind of preparation method of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that rule
Copper-Aluminum compound mining online induction annealing of the lattice width for more than 80mm, Copper-Aluminum compound mining tank of the specification in below 80mm
Formula is annealed.
6. a kind of preparation method of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that institute
Rolling mill practice is stated using nine passes technique of pass.
7. as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 a kind of preparation method of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material, it is characterised in that
The drawing process can take disk drawing, hydraulic drawing and crawler belt drawing process, width specifications≤30mm to draw drawing or liquid using disk
Pressure drawing or crawler belt drawing；30mm ＜ width specifications≤120mm, using hydraulic drawing or crawler belt drawing；6m/min≤disk pulling rate
Degree≤60m/min, 50m/min≤crawler belt drawing speed≤80m/min, hydraulic drawing speed≤8m/min.
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| CN201611114257.5A CN106601324B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | A kind of high bond strength Copper-Aluminum compound conductive material and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2016/110430 WO2018103132A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-16 | High-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and preparation method therefor |
| KR1020197019297A KR102278579B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-16 | Copper-aluminum composite conductive material with high bonding strength and manufacturing method thereof |
| EP16923175.0A EP3553793B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-16 | High-bonding strength copper-aluminum composite conductive material and preparation method therefor |
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| CN118180357A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-14 | 广州众山紧固件有限公司 | Copper-aluminum composite metal plate, casting forming method and application of copper-aluminum composite metal plate in radiator |
| CN118180357B (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-07-26 | 广州众山紧固件有限公司 | Copper-aluminum composite metal plate, casting forming method and application of copper-aluminum composite metal plate in radiator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106601324B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
| EP3553793B1 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
| KR20190091502A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| EP3553793A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| KR102278579B1 (en) | 2021-07-16 |
| WO2018103132A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
| EP3553793A4 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
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