CN106597862B - Building energy consumption control device and method based on association rule mining - Google Patents
Building energy consumption control device and method based on association rule mining Download PDFInfo
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- CN106597862B CN106597862B CN201611145367.8A CN201611145367A CN106597862B CN 106597862 B CN106597862 B CN 106597862B CN 201611145367 A CN201611145367 A CN 201611145367A CN 106597862 B CN106597862 B CN 106597862B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2639—Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
Abstract
The building energy consumption control device and method based on association rule mining that the invention discloses a kind of, comprising: building is divided into several space cells, at least one electrical equipment is equipped in each space cell;It is arranged in the indoor at least management computer of building controls;Several wireless test and control modules, room controller and several monitored by personnel's modules in space cell are set;The invention has the advantages that: the association rule minings that numerous types of data and space cell energy consumption in complex condition building are realized by excavating Apriori algorithm, and the principal element of the influence building energy consumption obtained according to association rule mining, data basis is provided for the Energy Saving Control of building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building power consumption control technical field more particularly to a kind of building energy based on association rule mining
Consume control device and method.
Background technique
Building energy conservation is the important component of China's energy-saving and emission-reduction work, and green building is pushed forward in " 13 " planning comprehensively
Construction, using energy consumption intensity is greatly reduced as the binding indicator, to improve environmental quality as core, to solve ecological environment
Field outstanding problem is attached most importance to, and ecological environmental protection dynamics is increased, and improves the level of resources utilization.Chinese large-sized public building has
The features such as total energy consumption is big, energy efficiency is low, energy-saving potential is big, is the major tasks of building energy saving field, carries out building energy conservation
Supervision is of great significance to realization China's target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Various household electrical appliance provide good working environment and living environment for people, meet people increasingly
The material requisite of growth.But a large amount of electrical equipment can make power consumption greatly increase, in actual life, due to people's energy conservation
Realize not strong or is also unable to reach this point without providing corresponding technical measures.Especially in house, office building and teaching building
Equal public places, altar lamp phenomenon still remains, empty especially in room, but illumination, air-conditioning, heating etc. are electrically set
It is standby to operate normally.
The current existing management method for building energy consumption, just between single building energy consumption and its energy consumption of itemizing
Relationship obtains the rule for influencing energy consumption, this kind of method has higher requirements to the accuracy of historical data and integrity degree, and cannot
The complex condition of the multiple types of data generated when being enough suitable for multiple constructing operations influences the correlation rule of energy consumption.
In addition, due to the useful SOC values of several space cells in multiple buildings, if these numerical value are with number
Form or establish simple two-dimensional diagram and be presented to administrative staff, then cannot intuitively show energy distribution situation.
If it is possible to be examined using distribution situation and behavioural habits of the intellectualized technology to personnel in building
It surveys, obtains the energy distribution chart in each room, while analyzing in someone region based on human behavior habit and electrical equipment
Status of energy consumption, will further promoted electrical equipment the energy saving space.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of building energy consumption based on association rule mining
Control device and method, the device and method guarantee indoor occupant comfortably live and work normally in the case where, further to
The administrative staff of intelligent building provide the various factors for influencing power consumption.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows:
A kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining, comprising: it is single that building is divided into several spaces
Member is equipped at least one electrical equipment in each space cell;Setting is in indoor at least one management of building controls
Computer;Several wireless test and control modules, room controller and several monitored by personnel's modules in space cell are set;
Several wireless test and control modules and several monitored by personnel's modules are communicated with room controller respectively, the room control
Device processed is communicated by Ethernet with management computer, and the management computer connects remote control terminal;
The management computer stores the electrical equipment energy consumption of each space cell, Ren Yuanxin in the form of database
The historical record of breath, outdoor temperature and each facility switching status data;By association rule mining find electrical equipment energy consumption,
Strong association rule between personal information, outdoor temperature and each facility switching status data and space cell energy consumption;Record is each
The energy distribution in building of space cell, and presented in the form of three-dimensional model building energy distribution figure.
Further, the wireless test and control module acquires the electric energy consumption numerical value and its parameter information of each electrical equipment, and leads to
It crosses RF transceiver to be sent wirelessly to room controller, while receiving the control command realization pair from room controller
The operation and control of corresponding electrical equipment.
Further, electrical equipment is controlled by switching signal in building, and the wireless test and control module is equipped with for controlling
The relay and control button of switching signal processed.
Further, the room controller passes through wireless sensor network and wireless test and control module and monitored by personnel's module point
It is not communicated, is communicated by Ethernet with management computer.
Further, when room controller is communicated with wireless test and control module, sending direction wireless sensor
A frame information is sent in network, the information inclusion reason frame head, network frame head and data load 3 fields;Wireless sensor
The node that network receives this frame information parses network frame head, obtains source address and destination address;
Wireless sensor network according to present node whether be coordinator judge along tree network upwards or to
Lower forwarding data;If upwards, judging that destination node whether in the layer, if not existing, turns since each layer of routing node
One layer is dealt into until top;If downwards, successively judging that the destination node is in this layer or under from each routing node
One layer, until depth capacity, by transmitting layer by layer, information eventually arrives at destination address.
Further, monitored by personnel's module includes several pyroelectric infrared sensors being distributed in space cell,
The sequencing that pyroelectric infrared sensor is triggered by testing staff, records the number in space cell.
Each building electricity consumption equipment is controlled by switching signal, and corresponding wireless test and control module is equipped with relay and control
Button processed.
A kind of building energy consumption control method based on association rule mining, comprising:
(1) energy consumption data and personnel's number information of electrical equipment in each space cell in building are acquired, simultaneously
The outdoor temperature historical data for calling building location, the data of above-mentioned acquisition are stored into building energy consumption database;
(2) sampling period T is set, the data in building energy consumption database are sampled;At the end of calculating sampling period T
Total energy consumption of total energy consumption, each space cell of each electrical equipment in sampling period T in cycle T, personnel's number, outdoor temp
Degree, each facility switching status data generate boolean's table;
(3) electrical equipment energy consumption, personnel's number, outdoor temperature, each equipment in boolean's table are found by Apriori algorithm
The Strong association rule of switch state data and space cell energy consumption obtains influencing the main of building energy consumption according to Strong association rule
Factor;
(4) threedimensional model for establishing building is marked using space cell of the different colors to different energy consumptions, into
One step generates energy distribution figure;Meanwhile Strong association rule obtained in step (3) being shown on threedimensional model.
Further, in the step (3), determine that the various data in boolean's table are associated with rule with the strong of space cell energy consumption
Method then are as follows:
1) building energy consumption database is scanned, setting time A is 1- frequent item set L1, minimum support minsup is manually set
With min confidence minconf;
2) designer's number B is lower single order Candidate Set, remembers 1- frequent item set L1In each element be L1m, Candidate Set B
In each element be Bn, calculate 1- frequent item set L1In support sup:L with each element in Candidate Set B1m→Bn;
If 3) sup is greater than or equal to minsup, which enters 2- frequent item set L2;
4) beta pruning leaf and splicing are carried out to each frequent item set by the way of continuous iteration, until frequent item set is empty
Collection, obtains n- frequent item set;
5) confidence level conf:L is calculated to each rule of n- frequent item setnmIf conf is greater than or equal to minconf, raw
At Strong association rule.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. the present invention realizes that numerous types of data and space are single in complex condition building by excavating Apriori algorithm
The association rule mining of first energy consumption, and the principal element of the influence building energy consumption obtained according to association rule mining, are building
Energy Saving Control provide data basis.
2. the present invention utilizes SketchUp software, the threedimensional model of building is established, and indicated with different colours.In building
Go out the higher space cell of energy consumption with eye-catching color mark in threedimensional model, allow administrative staff intuitively find energy consumption compared with
High space cell.
3. discretization data preprocessing method proposed by the present invention, under the premise of not influencing the authenticity of initial data,
Greatly reduce the size of initial data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the building energy consumption controling device structure diagram based on association rule mining;
Fig. 2 is that management Computer Data excavates implementation steps;
Fig. 3 is association rule mining implementation steps;
Fig. 4 is Apriori algorithm flow chart.
Wherein, 1. space cell, 2. electrical equipments, 3. wireless test and control modules, 4. wireless sensor networks, the control of rooms 5.
Device, 6. personnel's detection modules, 7. Ethernets, 8. control rooms, 9. management computers, 10. wide area networks, 11. remote control terminals,
12. cordless communication network, 13. mobile phone terminals.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The invention discloses a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: will
Building is divided into several space cells 1, and at least one electrical equipment 2 is equipped in each space cell 1;Setting is being built
An at least management computer 9 in object control room 8;Several wireless test and control modules 3 in space cell 1, room control are set
Device 5 processed and several monitored by personnel's modules;
Wireless test and control module 3 realizes the switch of the control and equipment respective socket that are attracted to relay, and then controls equipment
Switch, while the energy consumption data (unit kwh) of 3 real-time detection electrical equipment of wireless test and control module, pass through wireless sensor network 44
Two-way communication is carried out with room controller 5;Personnel's detection module 6 acquires personnel's number information of space cell 1 in real time, passes through nothing
Line sensing network 4 and room controller 5 carry out two-way communication.It manages computer 9 and passes through wide area network 10 and remote control terminal 11
Connection, network 12 is communicated with mobile phone terminal 13 by wireless communication, and the switch of electrical equipment 2 is remotely controlled convenient for administrative staff;
Cordless communication network 12 can be GPRS, GSM, CDMA or 3G network.
Wireless test and control module 3 acquires the electric energy consumption numerical value (kwh) of each electrical equipment 2 in real time, and grasps accordingly to equipment
Make information.And it is sent wirelessly by RF transceiver to room controller 5, while receiving from room controller 5
Control command realizes the operation and control to corresponding electrical equipment;Each building electricity consumption equipment is controlled by switching signal, in contrast
The wireless test and control module 3 answered is equipped with relay and control button.
Wireless test and control module 3 further includes inserting with the intelligent switch of control electrical equipment and the intelligence being connected with electrical equipment
The operation such as cut-out switch and cutting socket power can be performed in seat.
Room controller 5 receives the equipment energy consumption information of wireless test and control module 3 and the personal information of personnel's detection module 6,
It is connect by 7 interface of Ethernet with Ethernet 7, the energy consumption of space cell 1 is uploaded to the management computer 9 of building controls room 8
Information and personal information, while the various instructions that management computer 9 is assigned are received, wireless survey is controlled by wireless sensor network 44
Module 3 is controlled, realizes the switch to equipment.
Monitored by personnel's module is mainly several pyroelectric infrared sensors being distributed in space cell 1, by detecting people
The sequencing of member's triggering pyroelectric infrared sensor, records the number in space cell 1.
Management computer 9 stored in the form of database the electrical equipment energy consumption of each space cell 1, personal information,
Call the outdoor temperature historical data in building location and the historical record of each facility switching status data;It is advised by association
It then excavates and finds electrical equipment energy consumption, 1 energy consumption of personal information, outdoor temperature and each facility switching status data and space cell
Between Strong association rule;
Using SketchUp software, the threedimensional model of building is established, and is indicated with different colours, it can be according to each space cell
1 electricity consumption size fills each space cell 1 with different colours, further generates energy distribution figure.The purpose is in building
Go out the higher space cell 1 of energy consumption with eye-catching color mark in threedimensional model, and with energy distribution figure or energy distribution table etc.
The electric energy service condition of each space cell 1 is presented in mode appropriate.Administrative staff are allow intuitively to find the higher sky of energy consumption
Between unit 1, and according to association rule mining obtain influence building energy consumption principal element, respond.
In the present invention, room controller 5 and wireless test and control module 3, room controller 5 and monitored by personnel's module pass through wirelessly
Sensing network 4 carries out two-way communication.
When room controller 5 and wireless test and control module 3 are communicated, sender can be into wireless sensor network
A frame information is sent, this frame information includes that 3 fields are physical frame header, network frame head and data load respectively.Wireless sensing
The node that this frame information is received in device network can parse network frame head, obtain source address and destination address.
Wireless communication networks are a tree-shaped networks, judge it is upward along tree according to whether present node is coordinator
Or forwarding data downwards, if upwards, destination node is judged since each layer of routing node whether in the layer, if not
One layer is then being forwarded to until top;If downwards, successively judging the destination node still in this layer from each routing node
Or in next layer, until depth capacity, by transmitting layer by layer, information eventually arrives at destination address.When 5 He of room controller
Wireless test and control module 3 communicated when, according to the difference of the sender of information and recipient, the format of data payload also not phase
Together.
After room controller 5 starts and initializes some parameters (working channel, network ID, neighbor table etc.), environment mould
Block and the automatic starting therewith of air conditioner wireless control module 3, and the network node that can be added is found to room controller 5.This
Technology is that the present invention provides the supports of initial data, provides guarantee for data mining.
In the present invention, management computer 9 is communicated by 7 technology of Ethernet with room controller 5.
Browser/Server frame is provided by establishing the management system of B/S framework using C# exploitation web application
The user equipment administration interface of frame allows empowerment management personnel telnet, so that authorized user can be anywhere by stepping on
The browser interface that land system provides checks building energy consumption distribution map and energy distribution table, can also remotely control relevant device
Switch.
The exploitation of Socket network program is carried out by Visual C#, so that data management computer 9 and equipment Internet of Things system
Each room controller 5 in system establishes connection, and the exchange of data is carried out by transmission control protocol TCP/IP, aobvious in real time
Show energy consumption data, equipment running status and the personal information of each space cell 1 in whole building.Data management computer 9
Which includes the energy consumption datas of each room unit, equipment running status for the information for simultaneously also uploading each room controller 5
It is saved in special database with personal information and maintenance and management is carried out to database.Authorized user logs in data management system
System sends the long-range control issued an order and realized to Architectural Equipment to each room controller 5 by management computer 9.This
Technology ensure that the reliable transmission of data.
The building energy consumption control method based on association rule mining that the invention discloses a kind of, as shown in Fig. 2, including following
Step:
(1) energy consumption data and personnel's number information of electrical equipment in each space cell 1 in building are acquired, simultaneously
The outdoor temperature historical data for calling building location, the data of above-mentioned acquisition are stored into building energy consumption database;
(2) it obtains in space cell 1 after the energy consumption data of various electrical equipments 2, it, need to be to collecting to improve arithmetic speed
Data prediction, the present invention use discretization method, collected smoothed data is handled, comprising: setting sampling
Cycle T samples the data in building energy consumption database;Each electrical equipment is in sampling week at the end of calculating sampling period T
Total energy consumption, personnel's number, outdoor temperature, each facility switching status number of total energy consumption, each space cell 1 in cycle T in phase T
According to generation boolean's table;
The present invention provides a kind of example for establishing boolean's table:
1, the time: 0:00-2:00 (A1)、2:00-4:00(A2)、4:00-6:00(A3)、6:00-8:00(A4)。
2, personnel's number: nobody is (B1), 1-5 people (B2), 6-10 people (B3), 11-15 people (B4) ... outdoor temperature: (- 5
℃-0℃](C1)、(0℃-5℃](C2)、(5℃-10℃](C3)……
3, facility switching state: (D is opened1), close (D2), standby (D3)……
4, equipment energy consumption: 0kwh (E1)、(0-50kwh](E2)、(50-100kwh](E3)、(100-150kwh](E4)……
1 energy consumption of space cell, 0 (F1)、(0-50kwh](F2)、(50-100kwh](F3)、(100-150kwh](F4)……
(3) and after the completion of processing, electrical equipment energy consumption, the personnel's number, room in boolean's table are found by Apriori algorithm
The Strong association rule of outer temperature, each facility switching status data and 1 energy consumption of space cell obtains influencing to build according to Strong association rule
Build the principal element of object energy consumption;
(4) threedimensional model for establishing building is marked using space cell 1 of the different colors to different energy consumptions,
Further generate energy distribution figure.The valuable information that will be obtained in mining process above by visualization or other modes
Client is showed, can also be got up these information as new knowledge store.Meanwhile by obtained Strong association rule in three-dimensional mould
It is shown in the form of chart or text in type.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is for association rule mining implementation steps and Apriori algorithm flow chart respectively.
Scan database D first calculates the support of each element in database to generate 1- frequent item set L1.Pass through L1
To explore frequent item set L2, beta pruning leaf and splicing are carried out to each frequent item set by the way of continuous iteration, until frequently
Item collection is empty set.
Based on the data prediction example that Fig. 2 is provided, boolean's table is established after carrying out discretization for collected data, this
Invention provide it is a kind of be associated rule digging example using Apriori algorithm, detailed process is as shown in Figure 4.
(1) scan database D, setting time A are 1- frequent item set L1, minimum support minsup and minimum is manually set
Confidence level minconf;
(2) designer's number B is lower single order Candidate Set, remembers L1In each element be L1m, each member in Candidate Set B
Element is Bn, calculate L1In the support sup:L with each element in B1m→BnIt, should if sup is greater than or equal to minsup
Rule enters 2- frequent item set L2。
The calculation formula of support are as follows:
(3) to L2This method is continued to use, L is calculated2In support sup:L with each element of Candidate Set C2m→Cn,
Obtain 3- frequent item set L3。
(4) beta pruning and splicing of this method realization to frequent item set are reused, n- frequent item set is obtained.It is frequent to n-
Each rule of item collection calculates confidence level conf:LnmIf conf is greater than or equal to minconf, Strong association rule is generated.
The calculation formula of confidence level:
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining, characterized in that include: building is divided into it is several
Space cell is equipped at least one electrical equipment in each space cell;It is arranged in building controls indoor at least one
Platform manages computer;Several wireless test and control modules, room controller and several monitored by personnel's moulds in space cell are set
Block;
Several wireless test and control modules and several monitored by personnel's modules are communicated with room controller respectively, the room controller
It is communicated by Ethernet with management computer, the management computer connects remote control terminal;
The management computer stores the electrical equipment energy consumption of each space cell, personal information, room in the form of database
The historical record of outer temperature and each facility switching status data;Electrical equipment energy consumption, personnel are found by association rule mining
Strong association rule between information, outdoor temperature and each facility switching status data and space cell energy consumption;Record each space
The energy distribution in building of unit, and presented in the form of three-dimensional model building energy distribution figure.
2. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that the nothing
Line control module acquires the electric energy consumption numerical value and its parameter information of each electrical equipment, and is wirelessly sent out by RF transceiver
Room controller is given, while receiving operation and control of the control command realization to corresponding electrical equipment from room controller
System.
3. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that building
Interior electrical equipment is controlled by switching signal, and the wireless test and control module is equipped with relay and control for control switch signal
Button.
4. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that the room
Between controller communicated respectively with wireless test and control module and monitored by personnel's module by wireless sensor network, by Ethernet and
Manage computer communication.
5. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that work as room
When controller is communicated with wireless test and control module, a frame information is sent in sending direction wireless sensor network, it is described
Information inclusion manages frame head, network frame head and data and loads 3 fields;Wireless sensor network receives the node pair of this frame information
Network frame head is parsed, and source address and destination address are obtained;
Wireless sensor network judges to turn upwards or downwards along tree network according to whether present node is coordinator
Send out data;If upwards, judging that destination node whether in the layer, if not existing, is forwarded to since each layer of routing node
Upper one layer until top;If downwards, successively from each routing node judge the destination node be in this layer or in next layer,
Until depth capacity, by transmitting layer by layer, information eventually arrives at destination address.
6. a kind of building energy consumption control device based on association rule mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that the people
Member's monitoring modular includes several pyroelectric infrared sensors being distributed in space cell, and it is red to trigger pyroelectricity by testing staff
The sequencing of outer sensor records the number in space cell;
Each building electricity consumption equipment is controlled by switching signal, and corresponding wireless test and control module is equipped with relay and control is pressed
Button.
7. a kind of building energy consumption control method based on association rule mining, characterized in that include:
(1) energy consumption data and personnel's number information for acquiring electrical equipment in each space cell in building, are called simultaneously
The outdoor temperature historical data in building location, the data of above-mentioned acquisition are stored into building energy consumption database;
(2) sampling period T is set, the data in building energy consumption database are sampled;It is respectively used at the end of calculating sampling period T
It is total energy consumption of total energy consumption, each space cell of the electric equipment in sampling period T in cycle T, personnel's number, outdoor temperature, each
Facility switching status data generates boolean's table;
(3) electrical equipment energy consumption, personnel's number, the outdoor temperature, each facility switching in boolean's table are found by Apriori algorithm
The Strong association rule of status data and space cell energy consumption, according to Strong association rule obtain influence building energy consumption it is main because
Element;
(4) threedimensional model for establishing building is marked, further using space cell of the different colors to different energy consumptions
Generate energy distribution figure;Meanwhile Strong association rule obtained in step (3) being shown on threedimensional model.
8. a kind of building energy consumption control method based on association rule mining as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (3), the method that determines the Strong association rule of the various data and space cell energy consumption in boolean's table are as follows:
1) building energy consumption database is scanned, setting time A is 1- frequent item set L1, minimum support minsup and most is manually set
Small confidence level minconf;
2) designer's number B is lower single order Candidate Set, remembers 1- frequent item set L1In each element be L1m, in Candidate Set B
Each element is Bn, calculate 1- frequent item set L1In support sup:L with each element in Candidate Set B1m→Bn;
If 3) sup is greater than or equal to minsup, which enters 2- frequent item set L2;
4) beta pruning leaf and splicing are carried out to each frequent item set by the way of continuous iteration to above-mentioned steps, until frequent episode
Collection is empty set, obtains n- frequent item set;
5) confidence level conf:L is calculated to each rule of n- frequent item setnmIf conf is greater than or equal to minconf, generate strong
Correlation rule.
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