CN106597151B - Photovoltaic power station switched inverter tracking efficiency testing method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for testing the tracking efficiency of a photovoltaic power station operated inverter, wherein the testing method comprises the following steps: step 1: selecting proper test time; step 2: acquiring initial and final I-V curves and irradiance and temperature data at corresponding moments; and step 3: recording the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature in a testing time period; and 4, step 4: solving the theoretical power value of the photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in the test period; and 5: and calculating the tracking efficiency of the inverter to finish the test. The method fills the blank that no test method exists for the tracking efficiency of the inverter already put into operation of the photovoltaic power station, provides a method for solving the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array in the test process, and solves the problem of testing the tracking efficiency of the inverter on the site of the power station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing efficiency of a grid-connected photovoltaic inverter, in particular to a method and a system for testing tracking efficiency of an operated inverter of a photovoltaic power station.
Background
The large-scale development of renewable energy sources is an important way for realizing the optimization and adjustment of energy source structures and the low-carbon development in China. Under the strong support and promotion of national policies, the photovoltaic power generation has been rapidly increased for many years continuously, and according to the data of the national energy agency, the accumulated installed capacity of the photovoltaic power generation in China is 4318 ten thousand kilowatts and becomes the country with the largest installed capacity of the photovoltaic power generation in the world by 2015. From the whole photovoltaic industry, with the progress and maturity of the technology, the large-scale and large-capacity conversion is pursued to the high efficiency, and the electricity generation efficiency of the unit land area is assessed; only in the case of being able to accurately detect the efficiency of the power station can it be said how to improve the efficiency. Therefore, efficiency testing techniques are extremely important.
However, the existing mainstream photovoltaic inverter efficiency test standards, such as european standard EN50530 and domestic chinese efficiency technical specification, only define the test requirements and test methods in laboratories, and do not relate to the efficiency test of the inverters already put into operation on the power station site, in particular, the tracking efficiency test technology of the inverters already put into operation on the photovoltaic power station site, and there is no test method for the tracking efficiency of the inverters already put into operation on the photovoltaic power station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for testing the tracking efficiency of the inverter put into operation of the photovoltaic power station.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for testing the tracking efficiency of an operated inverter of a photovoltaic power station, which is improved in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a test time;
step 2: acquiring an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment;
and step 3: recording the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature in a testing time period;
and 4, step 4: acquiring a final I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at corresponding moments;
and 5: solving the theoretical power value of the photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in the test period;
step 6: and calculating the tracking efficiency of the inverter to finish the test.
Further, in step 1, the selection of the test time is performed according to the following principle: testing in the time of clear weather without cloud layer shielding and strong wind, namely ensuring that the irradiance and the temperature are changed slowly and have no sudden change in the testing process; the method comprises the steps of distributing direct current voltage and direct current measuring points at a direct current outlet end of a photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic power station, distributing irradiance measuring points at an irradiated surface of the photovoltaic array, distributing temperature measuring points at a battery backboard, and ensuring that the four measuring points have the same sampling rate and are synchronously measured.
Further, in the step 2, the direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter is disconnected, and an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at the corresponding moment are measured by an I-V tester or other feasible equipment.
Further, in the step 3, recovering the direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power station and the inverter, so that the inverter starts to operate normally; when the inverter operates stably, the DC voltage, the DC current, the irradiance and the temperature data of the distributed measuring points are recorded, and the time duration (recorded as t)m) Selecting according to test conditions and test requirements; duration of recording time tmAnd (4) showing.
Further, in the step 4, after the acquisition of the direct-current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature data is completed, the direct-current primary connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter of the photovoltaic power station is disconnected, and an I-V tester or other feasible equipment is used for measuring a final I-V curve and the irradiance and the temperature data at the corresponding moment.
Further, the initial I-V curve, irradiance, temperature, and front tmIrradiance and temperature in/2 time periodData substitution formula (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate the previous tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value P of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling pointMPP,a,jThe final I-V curve, irradiance, temperature and post-tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a/2 time period into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value P of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling pointMPP,a,j；
The expression for the relationship between short circuit current and irradiance G, temperature data T is as follows:
the relationship between open circuit voltage and irradiance G, temperature data T is expressed as follows:
the expression for the maximum power point current is as follows:
Im＝ISC*FFI (3)
the expression for the maximum power point voltage is as follows:
Um＝UOC*FFυ (4)
wherein: g denotes irradiance, TinitialDenotes the initial temperature, ISC,initial、Ginitial、Tinitial、FFIRespectively representing the initial short-circuit current, initial irradiance, initial temperature and current fill factor, ISCIndicating short-circuit current, UOCRepresents the open circuit voltage, UOC,initial、TPV、FFυRespectively representing initial open circuit voltage, temperature and voltage fill factor, alpha is current temperature coefficient, beta is voltage temperature coefficient, CG、CR、CVAre all correction coefficients; i ism、UmMaximum power point current and maximum power point current respectivelyHigh power point voltage.
Further, in step 6, the inverter tracking efficiency is expressed by the following expression:
in the formula:
ηMPPT-inverter tracking efficiency;
UDC-the input voltage of the device under test;
IDC-the input current of the device under test;
UDC,k-the input voltage at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
IDC,k-the input current at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
ΔTk-a sampling period;
k is the kth sample point;
m-measurement period tmThe total number of sampling points;
PMPP,a,j-front tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
PMPP,b,jafter tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
j-the jth sample point.
The invention also provides a photovoltaic power station put-in-operation inverter tracking efficiency testing system, which is improved in that the system comprises a photovoltaic array and a measuring device of a photovoltaic power station system, and an irradiance sensor and a temperature sensor which are arranged on the photovoltaic array, wherein the irradiance sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with the measuring device; the photovoltaic array is connected into a power grid through an inverter; the measurement devices include irradiance, temperature, voltage, and current collection devices.
The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
the invention provides a method and a system for testing the tracking efficiency of a photovoltaic power station operated inverter. The method fills the blank that no method for testing the tracking efficiency of the inverter already put into operation of the photovoltaic power station exists, and the problem that the tracking efficiency of the inverter already put into operation of the photovoltaic power station cannot be tested is solved by considering that the tracking efficiency is an important index for checking the performance of the photovoltaic power station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measurement point arrangement provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of an initial I-V curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial I-V curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first connection on the recovery DC side provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the final I-V curve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for testing the tracking efficiency of an operated inverter of a photovoltaic power plant provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, process, and other changes. The examples merely typify possible variations. Individual components and functions are optional unless explicitly required, and the sequence of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted for those of others. The scope of embodiments of the invention encompasses the full ambit of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Embodiments of the invention may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed.
Example one
The invention aims to solve the problem that the tracking efficiency of the operated inverter of a photovoltaic power station cannot be tested, and provides a method for testing the tracking efficiency of the operated inverter of the photovoltaic power station in consideration of the fact that the tracking efficiency is an important index for checking the performance of the photovoltaic power station.
The invention provides a photovoltaic power station put-in-operation inverter tracking efficiency testing system, which comprises a photovoltaic array, measuring equipment (irradiance, temperature, voltage and current collecting equipment) and irradiance sensors and temperature sensors, wherein the photovoltaic array and the measuring equipment are connected with a photovoltaic power station system; the photovoltaic array is connected into a power grid through an inverter. The photovoltaic array is connected with an I-V tester or other feasible equipment for testing I-V curves.
The method is mainly applied to testing the tracking efficiency of the inverter on the spot of the photovoltaic power station, the testing process is shown as figure 6, and the specific steps of the testing method are as follows:
1. selecting proper test time, and testing in the time without shielding of a cloudy layer and strong wind in clear weather, namely ensuring that the irradiance and the temperature are slowly changed and have no sudden change in the test process;
2. distributing direct current voltage and direct current measuring points at a direct current outlet end of a photovoltaic array, distributing irradiance measuring points at an irradiated surface of the photovoltaic array and distributing temperature measuring points at a battery backboard, ensuring that the four measuring points have the same sampling rate and can be synchronously measured, and is shown in figure 1;
3. disconnecting the primary direct-current wiring between the photovoltaic array and the inverter, and measuring an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment by using an I-V tester or other feasible equipment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3;
4. immediately restoring the primary direct current connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter to enable the inverter to start normal operation, as shown in fig. 4;
5. when the inverter operates stably, the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature of the distributed measuring point are recorded, and the recording duration (recorded as t)m) Selecting according to test conditions and test requirements;
6. after the acquisition of the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature is finished, the direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter is quickly disconnected, and a final I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment are measured by an I-V tester or other feasible equipment, as shown in FIG. 5;
7. initial I-V curve, irradiance, temperature and front tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a period of 2 into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate the previous tmTheoretical power value P of photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in time interval of 2mpp，aThe final I-V curve, irradiance, temperature and post-tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a period of 2 into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate tmTheoretical power value P of photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in time interval of 2mpp，b；
8. Finally, t is calculated using equation (5)mAnd tracking the efficiency of the inverter to be tested in a time period to finish the test.
Example two
The flow chart of the photovoltaic power station operated inverter tracking efficiency testing method provided by the invention is shown in fig. 6, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting proper test time;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: selecting proper test time, and testing in the time without shielding of a cloudy layer and strong wind in clear weather, namely ensuring that the irradiance and the temperature are slowly changed and have no sudden change in the test process; the method comprises the steps of distributing direct current voltage and direct current measuring points at a direct current outlet end of a photovoltaic array, distributing irradiance measuring points at an irradiated surface of the photovoltaic array and distributing temperature measuring points at a battery backboard, ensuring that the four measuring points have the same sampling rate and can be synchronously measured, and is shown in figure 1.
Step 2: acquiring an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: and disconnecting the direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter, and measuring an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at the corresponding moment by using an I-V tester or other feasible equipment, as shown in figures 2 and 3.
And step 3: recording the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature in a testing time period;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: immediately restoring the primary direct current connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter to enable the inverter to start normal operation, as shown in fig. 4; when the inverter operates stably, the DC voltage, the DC current, the irradiance and the temperature data of the distributed measuring points are recorded, and the time duration (recorded as t)m) And selecting the test condition and the test requirement.
And 4, step 4: acquiring a final I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at corresponding moments;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: after the acquisition of the direct-current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature data is completed, the direct-current primary wiring between the photovoltaic array and the inverter is quickly disconnected, and a final I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment are measured by an I-V tester or other feasible equipment, as shown in FIG. 5.
And 5: solving the theoretical power value of the photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in the test period;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: initial I-V curve, irradiance, temperature and front tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a period of 2 into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate the previous tmTheoretical power value P of photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in time interval of 2mpp，aThe final I-V curve, irradiance, temperature and post-tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a period of 2 into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate tmTheoretical power value P of photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in time interval of 2mpp，b。
Step 6: calculate tmAnd tracking the efficiency of the inverter to be tested in a time period to finish the test.
Wherein: the formula involved is as follows:
the relationship between the open circuit voltage in the dc voltage and irradiance G, temperature data T is expressed as follows:
the expression for the maximum power point current is as follows:
Im＝ISC*FFI (3)
the expression for the maximum power point voltage is as follows:
Um＝UOC*FFυ (4)
wherein: g denotes irradiance, TinitialDenotes the initial temperature, ISC,initial、Ginitial、Tinitial、FFIRespectively representing the initial short-circuit current, initial irradiance, initial temperature and current fill factor, ISCIndicating short-circuit current, UOCRepresents the open circuit voltage, UOC,initial、TPV、FFυRespectively representing initial open circuit voltage, temperature and voltage fill factor, alpha is current temperature coefficient, beta is voltage temperature coefficient, CG、CR、CVAre all correction coefficients; i ism、UmMaximum power point current and maximum power point voltage, respectively.
The inverter tracking efficiency is expressed by the following expression:
in the formula:
ηMPPT-inverter tracking efficiency;
UDC-the input voltage of the device under test;
IDC-the input current of the device under test;
UDC,k-the input voltage at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
IDC,k-the input current at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
ΔTk-a sampling period;
k is the kth sample point;
m-measurement period tmThe total number of sampling points;
PMPP,a,j-front tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
PMPP,b,jafter tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
j-the jth sample point.
The method fills the blank that no test method exists for the tracking efficiency of the inverter already put into operation of the photovoltaic power station, provides a method for solving the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array in the test process, and solves the problem of testing the tracking efficiency of the inverter on the site of the power station.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing the tracking efficiency of an operated inverter of a photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting a test time;
step 2: acquiring an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment;
and step 3: recording the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature in a testing time period;
and 4, step 4: acquiring a final I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment;
and 5: solving the theoretical power value of the photovoltaic array at each sampling moment in the test period;
step 6: calculating the tracking efficiency of the inverter to finish the test;
in the step 1, the test time is selected according to the following principle: testing in the time of clear and cloudy layer shielding and no strong wind, namely ensuring that the irradiance and the temperature are changed slowly and have no sudden change in the testing process; distributing direct current voltage and direct current measuring points at a direct current outlet end of a photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power station, distributing irradiance measuring points on an irradiated surface of the photovoltaic array, distributing temperature measuring points on a battery backboard, and ensuring that the four measuring points have the same sampling rate and are synchronously measured;
in the step 2, a direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array and the inverter is disconnected, and an initial I-V curve and irradiance and temperature data at a corresponding moment are measured by an I-V tester or other feasible equipment;
in the step 3, recovering the direct current primary connection between the photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power station and the inverter to enable the inverter to start normal operation; when the inverter runs stably, the direct current voltage, the direct current, the irradiance and the temperature data of the distributed measuring points are recorded, and the recording duration is selected according to the test conditions and the test requirements; duration of recording time tmRepresents;
in the step 4, after the acquisition of the direct-current voltage, the direct-current, the irradiance and the temperature data is completed, the direct-current primary wiring between the photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power station and the inverter is disconnected, and an I-V tester or other feasible equipment is used for measuring a final I-V curve and the irradiance and the temperature data at the corresponding moment;
initial I-V curve, irradiance and temperature and front tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a/2 time period into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate the front tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value P of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling pointMPP,a,jThe final I-V curve and irradiance, temperature and post-tmSubstituting irradiance and temperature data acquired in a/2 time period into formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4) to calculate tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value P of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling pointMPP,a,j；
The expression for the relationship between short circuit current and irradiance G, temperature data T is as follows:
the relationship between open circuit voltage and irradiance G, temperature data T is expressed as follows:
the expression for the maximum power point current is as follows:
Im＝ISC*FFI (3)
the expression for the maximum power point voltage is as follows:
Um＝UOC*FFυ (4)
wherein: g denotes irradiance, TinitialDenotes the initial temperature, ISC,initial、Ginitial、Tinitial、FFIRespectively representing the initial short-circuit current, initial irradiance, initial temperature and current fill factor, ISCIndicating short-circuit current, UOCRepresents the open circuit voltage, UOC,initial、TPV、FFυRespectively representing initial open circuit voltage, temperature and voltage fill factor, alpha is current temperature coefficient, beta is voltage temperature coefficient, CG、CR、CVAre all correction coefficients; i ism、UmMaximum power point current and maximum power point voltage, respectively.
2. The tracking efficiency testing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the inverter tracking efficiency is expressed by the following expression:
in the formula:
ηMPPT-inverter tracking efficiency;
UDC-the input voltage of the device under test;
IDC-the input current of the device under test;
UDC,k-the input voltage at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
IDC,k-the input current at the kth sampling point of the device under test;
ΔTk-a sampling period;
k is the kth sample point;
m-measurement period tmThe total number of sampling points;
PMPP,a,j-front tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
PMPP,b,jafter tmWithin a/2 time period, the maximum value of the theoretical power of the photovoltaic array corresponding to the jth sampling point;
j-the jth sample point.
3. A photovoltaic power plant commissioned inverter tracking efficiency testing system applied to the tracking efficiency testing method of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the system comprises a photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic power plant system, a measuring device, and an irradiance sensor and a temperature sensor arranged on the photovoltaic array, the irradiance sensor and the temperature sensor being connected with the measuring device; the photovoltaic array is connected into a power grid through an inverter; the measurement devices include irradiance, temperature, voltage, and current collection devices.
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| ES2665811B2 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2020-06-01 | Univ Madrid Politecnica | Procedure and device for estimating the equivalent temperature in photovoltaic modules |
| CN110095736B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2022-03-04 | 青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司光伏产业技术分公司 | Inverter MPPT tracking efficiency outdoor test method |
| CN111293978B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 南京笛儒新能源技术服务有限公司 | Portable photovoltaic power station system efficiency detection method, device and system |
| CN114280370B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2024-08-09 | 国网冀北电力有限公司张家口供电公司 | Engineering test system for novel photovoltaic inverter grid-related operation performance |
| CN116317944A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-23 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Photovoltaic inverter MPPT efficiency on-site testing device and testing method |
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