CN1065970A - Breeding of hybrid rice pollinating method and realize the pollenator of this method - Google Patents
Breeding of hybrid rice pollinating method and realize the pollenator of this method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1065970A CN1065970A CN 92102720 CN92102720A CN1065970A CN 1065970 A CN1065970 A CN 1065970A CN 92102720 CN92102720 CN 92102720 CN 92102720 A CN92102720 A CN 92102720A CN 1065970 A CN1065970 A CN 1065970A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the pollenator of a kind of crossbreeding rice pollinating method and this method of realization.It is to make a kind of wind speed greater than the paternal pollen floating velocity of pollenator generation order about pollen continuously to fall on the maternal fringe of hybrid rice in the breeding of hybrid rice field; The pollenator of realizing this method is made of blower fan, pollen-guiding membrance, pollen-shaking rope, pollination pipe, solid lamina membranacea, volume film tube and left and right sides handle.The present invention has significantly improved maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate, can further enlarge father and mother's one's own profession ratio simultaneously, dwindles the male parent line-spacing, increases maternal grain husk flower amount, and crossbreeding rice is increased production significantly.
Description
The present invention relates to agricultural, especially a kind of technology of crossbreeding rice pollination, and the pollenator of realizing this technology.
Crossbreeding is the basis that development two is, series of three-series hybrid rice is produced, and the quality of four factors such as crossbreeding output rich flower synchronization when owing to depend on the group structure originally formed by father and mother, flower, hormone application, pollination.To first three factor, research on having made many theories in recent years and having used, CN88108744 for example, CN88109759.4, CN89105667.X discloses " a kind of method of cultivating hybrid rice seeds " respectively, " practical technique of preparing hybridized rice seeds for increasing yield " and " a kind of cross-breeding technology of not regulating the florescence ", these technology mainly are the research to when flower flower synchronization adjustment technology, still rare to the research of pollination factor, yet the final economic effect of first three factor is almost brought into play by the field technique of pollination factor entirely and is realized, and, first three factor is to the contribution of hybrid seed yield, especially colony, as if hormone reached saturation state.At present, improving assorted paddy rice production of hybrid seeds outcrossing seed-setting rate, is a key technology of seed farm high yield, it become numerous scientific workers' dream hide in the hope of hope.For this reason, people such as Chinese hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds expert Xu Shijue point out in " first phase male parent super high-yielding production of hybrid seeds culture technique " (" hybrid rice " special edition in 1991) works: " pollination is the effective ways that breeding of hybrid rice improves outcrossing seed-setting rate; for the significant role of this technology of fine performance in the production of hybrid seeds, we advocate two bamboo poles (long 1.33-1.5m) push away catch up with pollen ".Along with the utilization of bamboo pole pollination technique, the production of hybrid seeds of first phase male parent duplicate rows is also carried out, and this optimization row ratio of this technology father and mother is 2: 14-16, and maternal seeding row spacing is to design between the seed farm of 13.3 * 13.3cm or 10 * 13.3cm.Facts have proved that the bamboo pole pollination has improved outcrossing seed-setting rate, simultaneously, the design of the field of the first phase male parent duplicate rows production of hybrid seeds has enlarged maternal grain husk flower amount, thereby makes crossbreeding rice output catch up with the powder volume increase obviously than the rope at the initial stage later stage seventies to the eighties.But the bamboo pole pollination still has many limitation, mainly is: 1, pollen is by a thrust motion originally, and thrust reduces until disappearance along with the increase of distance, thereby pollen is flown upward apart from limited; 2, thrust is flown upward pollen, and again to dropping to maternal fringe layer, obstruction pollen such as blade enter the fringe layer to major part through in the air, the efficient reduction that pollen puts in place, and the pollen waste is big; 3, pollen is the density interphase state and flies upward, and causes the pollen waste of intensive part; 4, pollination speed is slow, catches up with powder consumption consuming time worker, and labour intensity is big; 5, push away every day and catch up with male parent often, when causing male parent flower because of friction ahead of time, thereby the growth that has strengthened father and mother's blooming time overslip contradiction; 6, maternal fringe layer is stirred, unfavorable pollen seals in the fringe layer.Because above-mentioned limitation makes maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate can't improve 2 again: design and can not further enlarge between the first phase male parent duplicate rows seed farm of 14-16, therefore, the output of seed farm is paced up and down so far and is difficult to improve on a level.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of raising pollen availability, increase maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate, further enlarge the maternal grain husk flower amount on the unit are, make crossbreeding rice break through the pollinating method of existing output and simple in structure, the easy to operate pollenator of this method of realization.
Realize that the object of the invention method is that pollenator produces a kind of wind speed greater than the paternal pollen floating velocity and blows pollen to maternal fringe layer continuously between seed farm.
Pollenator is the 0.8-3 meter per second greater than the wind speed of paternal pollen floating velocity, and in pollination, the wind direction that pollenator main air hole blows to maternal fringe layer is horizontal by acute angle.
The pollenator of realizing said method is made of blower fan, pollen-guiding membrance, pollen-shaking rope, pollination pipe, solid lamina membranacea, volume film tube and left and right sides handle, the pollination pipe is communicated with the air outlet of blower fan, pollen-guiding membrance is fixed on the outside of pollination pipe by solid lamina membranacea and volume film tube, pollen-shaking rope is connected on solid rope stake and the rope-winding shaft in the inboard of pollen-guiding membrance, and the main air hole on the pollination pipe is in the inboard and the Kong Xiangyu pollen-guiding membrance plane parallel of pollen-guiding membrance.
The present invention has following outstanding advantage:
1, uniform pollination, the pollen efficient height that puts in place has improved maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate significantly;
2, the orientation, the continual wind-force that produce of pollenator, ordering about pollen, to fly upward distance big, thereby can further enlarge between first phase male parent duplicate rows seed farm and design, to enlarge the maternal grain husk flower amount of unit are;
3, the raising and the expansion of the maternal grain husk flower of maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate and/or unit are amount significantly increase hybridization water fringe hybrid seed yield;
4, use pollenator of the present invention not trample on the male parent root system, do not hinder paternal plant, do not stimulate the male parent early blossoming and promote maternal early flowering, further reduced the contradiction of these blooming time overslips of father and mother;
5, the present invention pollinates than bamboo pole and can improve more than work efficiency 8-10 times, and labour intensity is little.
Fig. 1: pollenator structural representation of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, blower fan, 2, flexible pipe, 3, tube connector, 4, the pollination pipe, 5, solid lamina membranacea, 6, volume film tube, 7, right handles, 8, right tuning frame, 9, shoulder belt, 10, following drawstring, 11, rope coiling box, 12, alignment pin, 13, transmission case, 14, crank, 15, rope-winding shaft, 16, pollen-guiding membrance, 17, left tuning frame, 18, left handle, 19, solid rope stake, 20, drawstring down, 21, solid film rope, 22, the main air hole, 23, auxiliary wind hole, 24 pollen-shaking ropes.
Fig. 2: A-A cutaway view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3: the present invention's situation schematic diagram of pollinating.
Describe in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, driven fan 1 is by flexible pipe 2, tube connector 3 is connected with an end of pollination pipe 4, fixture has solid lamina membranacea 5 and volume film tube 6 respectively at the two ends in the outside of pollination pipe 4, end device at the pollination pipe 4 that volume film tube 6 is housed has right handles 7, right tuning frame 8, shoulder belt 9, following drawstring 10, rope coiling box 11, alignment pin 12, driving force case 13, crank 14, volume film tube 6 is connected with pollination pipe 4 vertical fixing, on volume film tube 6, axially have groove, its outside front end connects right handles 7, the middle part downside connects rope coiling box 11, the rear end is connected with transmission case 13, crank 14 is connected with film rolling axis in the volume film tube 6, rope-winding shaft 15 and film rolling axis are respectively by the gears engaged of device in transmission case 13, when shaking crank 14, film rolling axis and serving 15 interlocks, on volume film tube 6 drive end bearing brackets, also be provided with alignment pin 12, the positioning disc of fixedlying connected with film rolling axis is installed in the lid, the hole corresponding with alignment pin 12 arranged on the disk, when alignment pin 12 inserts in the positioning disc hole, film rolling axis can not rotate, film rolling axis rotates when having dialled alignment pin 12, also is connected with shoulder belt 9 and carries on the arm piggyback for operating personnel on volume film tube 6; At a end near blower fan 1, device has solid lamina membranacea 5, left tuning frame 17, left handle 18, solid rope stake 19, following drawstring 20, left side tuning frame 17 is fixed on the tube connector 3 with right tuning frame 8 symmetries, Gu lamina membranacea 5 is fixedlyed connected with tuning frame 17 by Connection Block, the fixedly connected solid rope stake 19 of the middle part downside of tuning frame 17, following drawstring 20 is connected in the solid rope stake 19; The two ends of pollen-guiding membrance 16 are connected on the film rolling axis of rolling up in the film tube 6 and solid lamina membranacea 5 in the outside of pollination pipe 4, pollen-guiding membrance 16 can select for use plastic film to make, during device, the one lateral edges is gluing with pollination pipe 4, make solid film rope 21 or soft solid film pipe in the opposite side edge, to increase the pollen-guiding membrance tension intensity; Pollination pipe 4 can select for use the flexible plastic tube material to make, manage 4 upsides in the pollination of pollen-guiding membrance 16 inboards and have delegation main air hole 22 and delegation's spoke helps wind hole 23 along axis, the hole in its main air hole 22 is to pollen-guiding membrance 16 plane parallel, the hole that spoke helps wind hole 23 is to towards pollen-guiding membrance 16 and oblique with it, the aperture in main air hole 22 helps wind hole 23 big than spoke, and the wind power energy in auxiliary wind hole 23 blows afloat pollen-guiding membrance 16 to prevent its recessed being advisable; Pollen-shaking rope 24 is on the inboard of pollen-guiding membrance 16 is connected to rope-winding shaft 15 in solid rope stake 19 and the rope coiling box 11, and its setting height(from bottom) guarantees that pollen-guiding membrance 16 forward positions exceed hybrid rice male parent fringe head 10-20cm and are advisable.
Job step of the present invention is, according to hybrid rice plant height and railway carriage or compartment face length degree, adjust pollen-guiding membrance 16 and pollen-shaking rope 24 length, two operators grip left handle 18 respectively, left side tuning frame 17 and right handles 7, several 8 of right accent, drawstring 10 and 20 is with stretching pollen-shaking rope 24 under the tension, and adjustment pollen-guiding membrance 16 forward positions are higher than male parent fringe top 10-20cm and pollen-shaking rope 24 acts on 8-10cm place under the male parent panicle neck, at the uniform velocity advance perpendicular to the railway carriage or compartment is long, operation blower fan 1 makes the main air hole 22 on the pollination pipe 4 blow out wind speed greater than hybrid rice paternal pollen floating velocity continuously, this wind speed generally is advisable with the 0.8-3 meter per second, 1.5-2.5 meter per second is good, handle left and right sides tuning bar 17 and 8 simultaneously, wind direction that making pollinates manages main air hole 22 on 4 and horizontal line are acute angle and blow (referring to Fig. 3) to maternal fringe layer, under the effect of air-flow, flower pesticide and take away partial pollen earlier blows off pollen, subsequently, under pollen-shaking rope 24 styles, shake all the other pollen, pollen is under the inducing action of main air port helical form air-flow and pollen-guiding membrance, to horizontal direction and the motion of maternal fringe layer direction, reach along with pollenator, pollen evenly is scattered in the fringe layer of maternal differing heights and the grain husk of varying level distance is taken, and finishes pollination work.After the pollination operation is finished, remove pollen-guiding membrance 16, pollen-shaking rope 24 and a solid lamina membranacea 5 and solid rope 19 is connected respectively, and remove being connected of pollination pipe 4 and tube connector 3, shake will pollinate pipe 4, pollen-guiding membrance 16 and pollen-shaking rope 24 of crank 14 and be involved in collection in film tube 6 and the rope coiling box 11 respectively, in order to use next time.
The present invention copies natural world anemophilous flower pollination mode, the wind-force that driven fan produces makes pollen continuously along with the gentle breeze greater than self floating velocity flies upward, and it is far away that it flies upward distance, pollination range is big, has overcome that pollen flies upward the drawback that distance is little, pollination range is narrow in the pollination of bamboo bar; When the present invention pollinated, wind direction can artificially be controlled, and made pollen enter maternal fringe layer at an angle, increased the effective arrival rate of pollen, had overcome pollen in the bamboo pole pollination and had fallen maternal fringe layer after rise and be subjected to obstruction such as blade and pollen efficient low and the drawback that the pollen waste is big that puts in place; Wind speed of the present invention is even, and the density that pollen is flown upward is more even, has overcome that pollen density flies upward the irregular waste that causes in the bamboo pole pollination.Because the above-mentioned outstanding advantage of the present invention is led the friendship ripening rate so improved female parent significantly, through demonstration test, the present invention improves maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate than the bamboo pole pollination technique and reaches (referring to table 1) more than 15%.
Utilize the aforesaid outstanding advantage of the present invention can also be on the basis of the big duplicate rows of the first phase male parent field of bamboo pole pollination design, further enlarge maternal row ratio significantly, increase maternal grain husk flower amount on the unit are, make crossbreeding output jump onto a new height, its yield per unit area adopts the big duplicate rows of the first phase male parent field design of bamboo pole pollination technique improve a lot (referring to table 2).
Here, should be noted that, maternal row is than being 2 in the table 2: the field of 16-32 is designed, its per mu yield is theoretical count numbers, because the limitation of bamboo pole pollination technique in actual seed farm, further enlarges the field design of father and mother's one's own profession ratio, though the maternal grain husk flower of unit are amount has increased, reality can not increased production.Use the inventive method and pollenator, it not only obtains volume increase as the maternal outcrossing seed-setting rate of the listed raising of table 1, and it can realize that also the maternal grain husk flower of the listed increase unit are of table 2 amount obtains volume increase.Show according to preliminary demonstration test, use the present invention to increase about 38 kilograms (referring to table 3) than bamboo pole pollination technique production of hybrid seeds per mu yield.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of crossbreeding rice pollinating method is characterized in that the wind speed that pollenator produces greater than the paternal pollen floating velocity blows pollen to maternal fringe layer continuously between seed farm.
2,, it is characterized in that the wind speed greater than the paternal pollen floating velocity is the 0.8-3 meter per second according to the described pollinating method of claim 1;
3,, it is characterized in that the wind direction and the horizontal plane that blow to maternal fringe layer are acute angle according to the described pollinating method of claim 1;
According to the described pollinating method of claim 1, it is characterized in that in pollination that 4, the pollen-guiding membrance forward position of pollenator is higher than male parent fringe top 10-20cm and pollen-shaking rope acts on 8-10cm under the male parent panicle neck;
5, realize the pollenator of the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that constituting by blower fan 1, pollination pipe 4, solid lamina membranacea 5, volume film tube 6, pollen-guiding membrance 16, left and right sides handle 17 and 7, pollen-shaking rope 24, the outlet of blower fan 1 is communicated with pollination pipe 4, the two ends of pollen-guiding membrance 16 are connected on the film rolling axis of solid lamina membranacea 5 and volume film tube 6 in the outside of pollination pipe 4, the two ends of pollen-shaking rope 24 are connected on the rope-winding shaft 15 in solid rope stake 19 and the rope coiling box 11 respectively at the inboard of pollen-guiding membrance 16, on the pollination pipe 4 of pollen-guiding membrance 16 inboards, have exhaust vent 22, its Kong Xiangyu pollen-guiding membrance 16 plane parallel;
6, according to the described pollenator of claim 5, it is characterized in that rope-winding shaft 15 and film rolling axis respectively by the gears engaged of device in transmission case 13, crank 14 and volume film tube 6 interior film rolling axis are connected;
7,, it is characterized in that on the pollination pipe 4 of pollen-guiding membrance 16 inboards, having auxiliary wind hole 23, its Kong Xiangchao pollen-guiding membrance 16 and oblique with it according to the described pollenator of claim 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102720 CN1030555C (en) | 1992-04-13 | 1992-04-13 | Breeding pollination method of hybrid rice and pollination device for realizing said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92102720 CN1030555C (en) | 1992-04-13 | 1992-04-13 | Breeding pollination method of hybrid rice and pollination device for realizing said method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1065970A true CN1065970A (en) | 1992-11-11 |
| CN1030555C CN1030555C (en) | 1995-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 92102720 Expired - Fee Related CN1030555C (en) | 1992-04-13 | 1992-04-13 | Breeding pollination method of hybrid rice and pollination device for realizing said method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803563A (en) * | 2010-04-24 | 2010-08-18 | 侯国强 | Hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating tool and pollinating method |
| CN102422807A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 四川川龙拖拉机制造有限公司 | Blowing pollinator and method for using same to carry out blowing pollination |
| CN102524043A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2012-07-04 | 陈炳金 | Hybrid seed production method applying crop male sterile line through electric blowing |
| CN102550391A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 四川蜀兴种业有限责任公司 | Hybrid seed production efficient pollination machine |
| CN103250630A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Backpack type hybrid rice seed production and pollination machine and method thereof |
| CN103250629A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Collision pneumatic type hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating machine and method thereof |
| CN108812294A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-16 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of breeding of hybrid rice catches up with powder device and catches up with powder method |
| CN114097601A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | Method for improving hybrid seed production outcrossing maturing rate of indica type hybrid rice |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101066038B (en) * | 2007-05-19 | 2010-09-29 | 王玉货 | Process of cross breeding rice hybrid with high yield |
| CN102599050B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-08-28 | 湖南农业大学 | Collision pneumatic-type hybrid-rice seed-production pollination machine |
| CN102812900B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江大学 | Ear-hitting and blowing type hybrid paddy rice seed production pollination machine |
-
1992
- 1992-04-13 CN CN 92102720 patent/CN1030555C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101803563A (en) * | 2010-04-24 | 2010-08-18 | 侯国强 | Hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating tool and pollinating method |
| CN101803563B (en) * | 2010-04-24 | 2013-02-20 | 侯国强 | Hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating tool and pollinating method |
| CN102524043A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2012-07-04 | 陈炳金 | Hybrid seed production method applying crop male sterile line through electric blowing |
| CN102550391A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 四川蜀兴种业有限责任公司 | Hybrid seed production efficient pollination machine |
| CN102422807A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 四川川龙拖拉机制造有限公司 | Blowing pollinator and method for using same to carry out blowing pollination |
| CN103250630A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Backpack type hybrid rice seed production and pollination machine and method thereof |
| CN103250629A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | Collision pneumatic type hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating machine and method thereof |
| CN103250629B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-03-18 | 浙江大学 | Collision pneumatic type hybrid rice seed producing and pollinating machine and method thereof |
| CN108812294A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-16 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of breeding of hybrid rice catches up with powder device and catches up with powder method |
| CN114097601A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | Method for improving hybrid seed production outcrossing maturing rate of indica type hybrid rice |
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| CN1030555C (en) | 1995-12-27 |
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