CN106596706A - Method and device for quickly, easily and conveniently detecting surface infiltrated layer reticular tissue of steel part - Google Patents
Method and device for quickly, easily and conveniently detecting surface infiltrated layer reticular tissue of steel part Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的方法及装置。本发明巧妙地利用了电磁感应的原理，使磁路铁芯与试样之间构成一个完整的回路，采用特定电势电流大小及频率的交流电使发射线圈产生的磁场在通过磁路铁芯及零件表层后再经接收线圈产生感应电流，将该感应电流放大后用表头进行显示，通过与标准电势对比，即可方便快捷地检测出含有网状化合物组织的钢件样品，这样的方式无需使用复杂的设备，而且也不会对钢件造成破坏，在生产现场即可进行检测，为提高产品质量和生产效率起到重要作用。本发明简单易行，成本低廉，使用效果好。
The invention discloses a method and a device for quickly and easily detecting the network structure of a permeated layer on the surface of a steel piece. The invention skillfully utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to form a complete loop between the magnetic circuit iron core and the sample, and uses alternating current with a specific potential current size and frequency to make the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil pass through the magnetic circuit iron core and parts. After the surface layer, the induction current is generated by the receiving coil, and the induction current is amplified and displayed on the meter. By comparing with the standard potential, the steel sample containing the network compound structure can be detected conveniently and quickly. This method does not need to use Complicated equipment, and will not cause damage to steel parts, can be tested at the production site, which plays an important role in improving product quality and production efficiency. The invention is simple and easy to implement, low in cost and good in use effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及检测技术领域，尤其是一种快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a method and a device for quickly and easily detecting the network structure of a permeated layer on the surface of a steel piece.
背景技术Background technique
众所周知，在工业产品中都要大量地使用金属材料，而许多的钢铁零部件在服役过程中由于特定的性能要求，其表面必须进行强化热处理，如齿轮、传动轴、滑块等大量的金属部件表面因其需要抗磨损和心部要求耐冲击，所以都必须进行渗碳或碳氮共渗热处理，以增加零件表面的硬化层，但在此化学热处理过程中，可能由于各种因素变化的影响，常常会造成渗碳层或碳氮共渗层出现大量的网状化合物组织，该组织的出现会给零件的使用造成严重的后果，它直接导致零件表面性能恶化，抗疲劳性能降低，大大缩短零件的使用寿命，甚至还可能出现突发断裂事故带来人身财产损失。故此，针对这类生产线上大量进行的表面热处理钢铁零件，如能对其进行快速便捷地检测，确定表层是否出现严重影响产品质量的网状组织就显得十分必要和重要。As we all know, a large number of metal materials are used in industrial products, and many steel parts must be subjected to enhanced heat treatment on the surface due to specific performance requirements during service, such as gears, drive shafts, sliders and other metal parts. Because the surface needs to be wear-resistant and the core requires impact resistance, carburizing or carbonitriding heat treatment must be carried out to increase the hardened layer on the surface of the part. However, during this chemical heat treatment process, it may be affected by various factors. , it often causes a large amount of network compound structure to appear in the carburized layer or carbonitriding layer. The appearance of this structure will cause serious consequences for the use of parts. The service life of parts, and even sudden fracture accidents may cause personal and property losses. Therefore, for a large number of surface heat-treated steel parts on this type of production line, it is very necessary and important to quickly and conveniently detect whether there is a network structure on the surface that seriously affects product quality.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：提供一种快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的方法及装置，它能快速的检出钢件表面是否含有网状化合物组织，且方法简单，成本低廉，以克服现有技术的不足。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for quickly and easily detecting the network structure of the permeated layer on the surface of steel parts, which can quickly detect whether the surface of steel parts contains network compound structures, and the method is simple and low in cost. The deficiencies of existing technology.
本发明是这样实现的：快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention is achieved in that the method for quickly and easily detecting the permeable layer reticular structure on the surface of a steel piece comprises the following steps:
1)将一块没有网状化合物组织的标准试样与磁路铁芯构成一个完整的回路，并在磁路铁芯上分别设置一组发射线圈及接收线圈，向发射线圈通电使其产生磁场，所产生的磁场通过标准试样和磁路铁芯再穿过接收线圈，使接收线圈中产生一个对应的感应电流I0，将感应电流I0通过交流放大器进行放大后，再从交流表头上直接显示读出数据，即为标准电流I1；1) A standard sample without network compound structure and the magnetic circuit iron core form a complete circuit, and a set of transmitting coils and receiving coils are respectively arranged on the magnetic circuit iron core, and the transmitting coil is energized to generate a magnetic field. The generated magnetic field passes through the standard sample and the magnetic circuit core and then passes through the receiving coil, so that a corresponding induced current I 0 is generated in the receiving coil, and the induced current I 0 is amplified by the AC amplifier, and then from the AC meter Directly display the readout data, which is the standard current I 1 ;
2)将待测试样采用步骤1)的方法进行操作，获得测量电流I2；2) Operate the sample to be tested by the method of step 1) to obtain the measurement current I 2 ;
3)比较测量电流I2与标准电流I1，若测量电流I2与标准电流I1相同，则表示待测试样的检测表面没有网状化合物组织，若测量电流I2小于标准电流I1，则说明待测试样的检测表面存在网状化合物组织；3) Compare the measured current I 2 with the standard current I 1 , if the measured current I 2 is the same as the standard current I 1 , it means that there is no network compound organization on the detection surface of the sample to be tested, if the measured current I 2 is less than the standard current I 1 , it indicates that there is a network compound structure on the detection surface of the sample to be tested;
步骤1)及步骤2)中所述的向发射线圈通电的电流为交流电，其电势为6-10V、电流大小为0.8-1.4A，其频率为2000-2500HZ。The current energized to the transmitting coil described in step 1) and step 2) is alternating current, its potential is 6-10V, its current magnitude is 0.8-1.4A, and its frequency is 2000-2500HZ.
快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的装置，包括磁路铁芯，所述的磁路铁芯为倒U字形结构，在磁路铁芯的一侧绕有发射线圈，发射线圈与电源连接；在磁路铁芯的另一侧绕有接收线圈，接收线圈通过交流放大器与表头连接。The device for quickly and easily detecting the network structure of the permeable layer on the surface of steel parts includes a magnetic circuit iron core. The magnetic circuit iron core is an inverted U-shaped structure, and a transmitting coil is wound on one side of the magnetic circuit iron core. Connection; there is a receiving coil wound on the other side of the magnetic circuit core, and the receiving coil is connected to the meter head through an AC amplifier.
所述的电源为调频电源。The power supply described is a frequency modulation power supply.
发射线圈与接收线圈的匝数相同。The transmitting coil has the same number of turns as the receiving coil.
本发明的原理是：如果样品存在网状化合物组织，则发射线圈产生的交变磁场通过该试样时因其网状化合物组织对磁场的阻碍减弱了磁通量，进而在接收线圈中产生的感应电流也随之减小，所以在表头上显示的感应电流I2也小于标准试样的电流I1。The principle of the present invention is: if there is a network compound structure in the sample, when the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil passes through the sample, the magnetic flux is weakened due to the resistance of the network compound structure to the magnetic field, and then the induced current generated in the receiving coil It also decreases accordingly, so the induced current I 2 displayed on the gauge head is also smaller than the current I 1 of the standard sample.
由于采用了上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，本发明巧妙地利用了电磁感应的原理，使磁路铁芯与试样之间构成一个完整的回路，采用特定电势电流大小及频率的交流电使发射线圈产生的磁场在通过磁路铁芯及零件表层后再经接收线圈产生感应电流，将该感应电流放大后用表头进行显示，通过与标准电势对比，即可方便快捷地检测出含有网状化合物组织的钢件样品，这样的方式无需使用复杂的设备，而且也不会对钢件造成破坏，在生产现场即可进行检测，为提高产品质量和生产效率起到重要作用。本发明简单易行，成本低廉，使用效果好。Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the present invention skillfully utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to form a complete loop between the magnetic circuit iron core and the sample, and adopts alternating current with specific potential current size and frequency. Make the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil pass through the magnetic circuit iron core and the surface of the part, and then generate an induced current through the receiving coil. The induced current is amplified and displayed on the meter. By comparing it with the standard potential, it can be detected conveniently and quickly. The steel sample of the network compound structure does not need to use complicated equipment, and it will not cause damage to the steel. It can be tested on the production site, which plays an important role in improving product quality and production efficiency. The invention is simple and easy to implement, low in cost and good in use effect.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1为本发明的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的实施例：快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的方法，包括如下步骤：Embodiments of the present invention: a method for quickly and easily detecting the permeated layer reticular structure on the surface of a steel piece, comprising the steps of:
1)将一块没有网状化合物组织的标准试样与磁路铁芯构成一个完整的回路，并在磁路铁芯上分别设置一组发射线圈及接收线圈，向发射线圈通电使其产生磁场，所产生的磁场通过标准试样和磁路铁芯再穿过接收线圈，使接收线圈中产生一个对应的感应电流I0，将感应电流I0通过交流放大器进行放大后，再从交流表头上直接显示读出数据，即为标准电流I1；1) A standard sample without network compound structure and the magnetic circuit iron core form a complete circuit, and a set of transmitting coils and receiving coils are respectively arranged on the magnetic circuit iron core, and the transmitting coil is energized to generate a magnetic field. The generated magnetic field passes through the standard sample and the magnetic circuit core and then passes through the receiving coil, so that a corresponding induced current I 0 is generated in the receiving coil, and the induced current I 0 is amplified by the AC amplifier, and then from the AC meter Directly display the readout data, which is the standard current I 1 ;
2)将待测试样采用步骤1)的方法进行操作，获得测量电流I2；2) Operate the sample to be tested by the method of step 1) to obtain the measurement current I 2 ;
3)比较测量电流I2与标准电流I1，若测量电流I2与标准电流I1相同，则表示待测试样的检测表面没有网状化合物组织，若测量电流I2小于标准电流I1，则说明待测试样的检测表面存网状化合物组织；3) Compare the measured current I 2 with the standard current I 1 , if the measured current I 2 is the same as the standard current I 1 , it means that there is no network compound organization on the detection surface of the sample to be tested, if the measured current I 2 is less than the standard current I 1 , it shows that there is a network compound organization on the detection surface of the sample to be tested;
步骤1)及步骤2)中所述的向发射线圈通电的电流为交流电，其电势为8V、电流大小为1.2A，其频率为2300HZ。The current energized to the transmitting coil described in step 1) and step 2) is an alternating current with a potential of 8V, a current of 1.2A, and a frequency of 2300HZ.
快速简便检测钢件表面渗层网状组织的装置，包括磁路铁芯1，所述的磁路铁芯1为倒U字形结构，在磁路铁芯1的一侧绕有发射线圈2，发射线圈2与调频电源3连接；在磁路铁芯1的另一侧绕有接收线圈4，接收线圈4通过交流放大器5与表头6连接；发射线圈2与接收线圈4的匝数相同。The device for quickly and easily detecting the permeated layer network structure on the surface of steel parts includes a magnetic circuit iron core 1, the magnetic circuit iron core 1 is an inverted U-shaped structure, and a transmitting coil 2 is wound on one side of the magnetic circuit iron core 1. The transmitting coil 2 is connected to the frequency modulation power supply 3; the receiving coil 4 is wound on the other side of the magnetic circuit core 1, and the receiving coil 4 is connected to the meter head 6 through the AC amplifier 5; the number of turns of the transmitting coil 2 and the receiving coil 4 is the same.
使用过程中，将标准试样或待测试样放置在检测区7的位置，使试样的测试面8与磁路铁芯1的底端良好接触。During use, the standard sample or the sample to be tested is placed in the detection area 7 so that the test surface 8 of the sample is in good contact with the bottom end of the magnetic circuit core 1 .
发明人采用上述方案，对一汽贵州汽车配件厂2015年生产的汽车螺旋伞齿轮进行了取样验证。The inventor adopted the above scheme to sample and verify the spiral bevel gears produced by FAW Guizhou Auto Parts Factory in 2015.
发明人从2015年1月-12月，从每个月的同一批次生产的汽车螺旋伞齿轮为一组，总共取样12组，每组取样5个。采用上述方法进行检测，首先获得的标准电流I1为0.86A，而对样品的检测结果中，出了3月与11月之外所有样品的测量电流I2均与标准电流I1相差不超过3％；但是，3月与11月的样品检测结果，3月样品的检测电流I2的大小分别为0.58A、0.61A、0.60A、0.58A及0.59A，11月样品的检测电流I2的大小分别为0.64A、0.64A、0.63A、0.61A及0.62A，3月及11月所有样品的检测电流I2均超过标准电流I1 15％以上，再将所有检测样品经过电镜扫描检测，结果发现，出了6月与10月之外的样品全部不存在网状组织，而3月与11月的10个样品均存在碳氮共渗网状组织，但是11月的网状碳化物组织程度比3月的略好，这与本发明的检测结论完全一致。From January to December 2015, the inventor made a group of automotive spiral bevel gears produced in the same batch every month, and took a total of 12 groups of samples, each group sampling 5. Using the above method for detection, the standard current I 1 obtained first is 0.86A, and in the test results of the samples, the measured current I 2 of all samples except March and November is no more than the difference from the standard current I 1 3%; however, for the test results of samples in March and November, the detection current I 2 of the samples in March were 0.58A, 0.61A, 0.60A, 0.58A and 0.59A, and the detection current I 2 of the samples in November The magnitudes are 0.64A, 0.64A, 0.63A, 0.61A and 0.62A. The detection current I 2 of all samples in March and November exceeds the standard current I 1 by more than 15%, and then all the detection samples are scanned by an electron microscope. , it was found that all the samples except June and October did not have network structure, while the 10 samples in March and November all had carbonitriding network structure, but the network carbide in November The degree of organization is slightly better than that in March, which is completely consistent with the detection conclusion of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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2016
- 2016-12-08 CN CN201611124379.2A patent/CN106596706A/en active Pending
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| JPH02162276A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-06-21 | Nkk Corp | Magnetic measurement method and magnetic measurement device |
| CN102422153A (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2012-04-18 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Carburization detection method |
| CN103238064A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2013-08-07 | 高周波热錬株式会社 | Quenching depth measuring method and quenching depth measuring device |
| CN102435666A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-02 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for evaluating stress concentration and fatigue damage based on feature permeability detection |
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