CN106596367A - Pressure-adjustable and timing-free device for testing permeability of constant head and method - Google Patents
Pressure-adjustable and timing-free device for testing permeability of constant head and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106596367A CN106596367A CN201610976455.6A CN201610976455A CN106596367A CN 106596367 A CN106596367 A CN 106596367A CN 201610976455 A CN201610976455 A CN 201610976455A CN 106596367 A CN106596367 A CN 106596367A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pressure-adjustable and timing-free device for testing permeability of a constant head and a method. A water supply pressure adjusting device is connected to a water inlet of a sample cylinder through a pipeline, a water outlet of the sample cylinder is connected with a water metering barrel and a timing bottle through a pipeline, an adjusting pipe for adjusting the pressure is installed in the water supply pressure adjusting device, timing scales are arranged on the timing bottle, and the time scale of each scale of the time scales is matched with the flow of water under corresponding water pressure. In this way, pressure of tap water is adjusted through the adjusting pipe in the water supply pressure adjusting device to avoid error caused by sudden increase or decrease of tap water flow, the timing bottle is used for timing the water flow, and the response time error existing in manual timing is avoided. Therefore, the pressure-adjustable and timing-free device can accurately control the constant head and ensure detection accuracy.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to water conservancy, engineering geology and hydrogeology field, can be used to determine soil and sand infiltration coefficient.
【Background technology】
It is many in the infiltration coefficient method of experiment indoor measurement soil, constant head and varying head two can be divided into according to its principle
Kind.Constant head method of testing is applied to big (the k > 10 of water penetration-3Cm/s coarse-grained soil), typically adopts 70 type constant head permeameters
Test.To arrange a column cylinder, side arranges three pressure measurement L-type glass tubes being connected with cylinder inner wall to the permeameter, and
Pressure scale table is set.Cylinder top is respectively provided with spout hole and apopore with bottom, and bottom apopore is connected with rubber tube, is led to
Overregulate the height of lower end apopore rubber tube to change hydraulic gradient.Concrete method of testing is that soil sample to be measured is loaded into into circle
Cylinder, constant head is served as to water-filling in cylinder with running water, water level is maintained near spout hole, after apopore stability of flow,
Start the watch is measured within the unit interval by the seepage discharge of soil sample, and according to V=kI=Q/At calculation permeability coefficients, wherein A is
Soil sample cross sectional area.This kind of tester be primarily present following 2 points it is not enough, one is to set constant head by running water to deposit
In error, running water flow itself is simultaneously unstable, and spout hole is limited to the control and regulation limit of power of water level, and reaction exists stagnant
Property afterwards, the originally unexpected increase of discharge or reduction can all cause the inaccurate of measurement result, exist additionally by manual time-keeping anti-
Time error is answered, the inaccurate of measurement result is also resulted in.
【The content of the invention】
The present invention provides a kind of pressure-adjustable and exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device and method, can accurately control constant head
And without the need for manual time-keeping.
The present invention is employed the following technical solutions:
A kind of pressure-adjustable exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, including test specimen tube, and the water inlet of the test specimen tube passes through
Pipeline is connected with water supply pressure adjusting device, and the delivery port of test specimen tube by the pipeline amount of being connected with bucket and timing bottle, adjust by the water supply
The regulation pipe of pressure regulation pressure is installed in pressure device, on the timing bottle timing scale is provided with, each little lattice of the timing scale
Time scale and water under corresponding hydraulic pressure flow matches.
The water inlet position of the test specimen tube is at least above the height of soil sample.
The amount bucket and timing bottle include amount bucket and the timing bottle being sequentially placed, and are connected with the top of the timing bottle
Mozzle, the mozzle is connected to the water inlet of test specimen tube by pipeline;The water inlet of the mozzle and amount bucket is inclined to
The gradient.
The regulation pipe arranged in the water supply pressure adjusting device is arranged on bottle cap, and is extend into inside water supply pressure adjusting device.
The height of the amount bucket and timing bottle is not higher than the extreme lower position of pressure regulation tube in water supply pressure adjusting device.
The water supply pressure adjusting device is provided with three pressure regulation tubes, respectively low pressure regulation pipe, middle pressure regulation pipe and height
Pressure regulation pipe, the extreme lower position of these three regulation pipes is raised successively.
A kind of pressure-adjustable exempts from the method for testing of timing constant head testing permeability device, pours water into water supply pressure adjusting device,
Ensure air tight, into test specimen tube soil sample is taken up;After current self-water-supplying regulator is flowed in test specimen tube, after soil sample,
The amount of being flowed into bucket and timing bottle, after waterflow stabilization flowing a period of time, amount bucket are outwelled with the water in timing bottle, again
Start measurement, finally according to formula V=kI=Q/At calculation permeability coefficient k, wherein, the water yield in I=h1/L, the Q amount of being bucket,
T is the time in timing bottle, and A is the cross-sectional area of soil sample, and L is the height of soil sample, and h1 is loss of flood peak height.
When measuring after restarting, when the water yield in amount bucket and timing bottle is more than half measurement is stopped.
The waterflow stabilization flowing of the waterflow stabilization flowing amount of the finger bucket water inlet.
A kind of pressure-adjustable exempts from the method for testing of timing constant head testing permeability device, comprises the following steps:
(1) the first valve of water supply pressure adjusting device apopore is opened, to water is filled in water supply pressure adjusting device, bottle cap is covered tightly,
It is defined by air tight, is opened and test pressure state identical surge pipe, other surge pipes is closed, and soil sample is loaded into into sample
Cylinder, opens in timing bottle and test pressure state identical pressure valve, closes other pressure valves;
(2) the first valve of water supply pressure adjusting device apopore is opened, current self-water-supplying regulator is flowed in test specimen tube,
Jing after soil sample infiltration, the amount of being flowed into bucket and timing bottle, after waterflow stabilization flowing a period of time, will be in amount bucket and timing bottle
Water outwell, restart measurement, finally according to formula V=kI=Q/At calculation permeability coefficient k, wherein, I=h1/L, Q for amount
The water yield in bucket, t is the time in timing bottle, and A is the cross-sectional area of soil sample, and L is the height of soil sample, and h1 is that the loss of flood peak is high
Degree.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that:The present invention passes through in the water inlet of test specimen tube
Pipeline connects water supply pressure adjusting device, and the delivery port of test specimen tube is by pipeline connection amount bucket and timing bottle, the water supply pressure regulation dress
The regulation pipe of pressure regulation pressure is installed in putting, on the timing bottle timing scale is provided with, each little lattice of the timing scale when
Between yardstick and water under corresponding hydraulic pressure flow matches.So, the regulation pipe by water supply pressure adjusting device of the invention is to running water
Pressure be adjusted, to avoid uprushing or error that anticlimax causes for originally discharge, by timing bottle to the current that permeate
Carry out timing, it is to avoid the reaction time error that manual time-keeping is present.Therefore, apparatus of the present invention can be precisely controlled constant head, protect
The accuracy of card detection.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the front view of test device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of water supply pressure regulation bottle of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of water supply pressure regulation bottle of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of test specimen tube of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the top view of test specimen tube of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the front view of present invention amount bucket and timing bottle;
Fig. 7 is the top view of present invention amount bucket and timing bottle.
Wherein, 1 is water supply pressure regulation bottle, and 2 is high voltage adjusting pipe, and 3,32,33 is pipe close, and 4 is apopore, and 5,21 is the first and
Second valve, 6 is test specimen tube, and 7 is water inlet, and 8 is pressure scale, and 9 is delivery port, and 10 are amount water drum and timing bottle, and 11 are amount
Water drum, 12 be low-pressure gage when bottle, 13 for it is middle pressure timing bottle, 14 be high-pressure gauge when bottle, 15 is low pressure valve, and 16 is Middle pressure valve,
17 is high pressure valve, and 18 is mozzle, and 19,34,35 is timing scale, and 20 is containing mark, 22,23,24,25 is first, the
4th, second, third sebific duct, 26 is water inlet, and 27 is glass tube, and 28 is bottle cap, and 29 is soil sample, and 30 is low pressure surge pipe, and 31 are
Middle pressure surge pipe.
【Specific embodiment】
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, test device of the present invention is broadly divided into three parts, water supply pressure regulation bottle 1, test specimen tube 6, amount bucket
With timing bottle 10, connect and be clear glass product between three parts by sebific duct.
Incorporated by reference to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the top of water supply pressure regulation bottle 1 arranges bottle cap 28, and running through on bottle cap 28 has low-pressure adjusting
Pressure pipe 30, middle pressure surge pipe 31 and high pressure surge pipe 2, the low pressure surge pipe 30 is middle to press surge pipe 31 and high pressure surge pipe 2 equal
Stretch in water supply pressure regulation bottle 1, its top is respectively provided with pipe close 3,32,33.Apopore 4 is offered in the bottom of water supply pressure regulation bottle 1,
First valve 5 is installed on the apopore 4.The low pressure surge pipe 30, middle pressure surge pipe 31 and the height of high pressure surge pipe 2 are
Different, wherein, the extreme lower position of low pressure surge pipe 30 is nearest apart from the bottom of water supply pressure regulation bottle, next to that middle pressure regulation pipe
31, it is finally high voltage adjusting pipe 2.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, test specimen tube 6 is open design, and soil sample 29 is housed in the test specimen tube 6,6 points of the test specimen tube
Water inlet 7 and delivery port 9 are not offered, wherein, the height that water inlet 7 is opened up is at least above soil sample 29, and the delivery port 9 is arranged
In opposite side position on the lower side;First sebific duct is installed between the apopore 4 of water supply pressure regulation bottle 1 and the water inlet 7 of test specimen tube 6
22, for connecting water supply pressure regulation bottle 1 and test specimen tube 6;In addition, the outer wall of test specimen tube 6 arranges pressure scale 8.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, measure water drum and be not higher than low pressure surge pipe in water supply pressure regulation bottle with the whole height of timing bottle 10
Extreme lower position, the amount of specifically including bucket 11 and timing bottle, wherein, bottle 12, middle pressure timing bottle 13 when timing bottle is divided into low-pressure gage
With bottle during high-pressure gauge 14.In the top of the amount water drum 11 and timing bottle 10, mozzle 18 is set, the mozzle 18 respectively with low pressure
Bottle 14 is connected when timing bottle 12, middle pressure timing bottle 13, high-pressure gauge, and amount water drum 11 left upper end arranges water inlet 26, the water inlet 26
The delivery port 9 of test specimen tube 6 is connected to by the second sebific duct 24, one end of mozzle 18 is connected with glass tube by the 3rd sebific duct 25
27, the other end of the glass tube 27 is connected to the apopore 4 of water supply pressure regulation bottle by the 4th sebific duct 23, and ensures the 4th glue
Pipe is connected with the first sebific duct 22.The water inlet of the mozzle 18 and amount bucket into being obliquely installed, near one end of test specimen tube compared with
Low, other end is higher, and in practical operation, water inlet somewhat youngster's gradient of the mozzle 18 and amount bucket is just.
It is respectively provided with low pressure valve 15 on the mozzle 18, Middle pressure valve 16, high pressure valve 17, the amount water drum 11,
Containing mark 20, the first timing are respectively provided with during low-pressure gage on the outer wall of bottle 14 when bottle 12, middle pressure timing bottle 13 and high-pressure gauge to carve
The 34, second timing scale 35 of degree and the 3rd timing scale 19.In the first timing scale 34, the second timing scale 35 and the 3rd timing
On scale 19, a little lattice represent respectively 1s, the flow matches of the time scale and water under corresponding hydraulic pressure.
Second valve 21 is set on the second sebific duct 24 and the 3rd sebific duct 25, while controlling the 3rd sebific duct 25, the second sebific duct
24。
Under specifically method of testing is to test low-pressure state as a example by soil sample permeability.
The first valve 5 is first shut off, bottle cap 28 is opened, water is filled, bottle cap 28 is covered tightly, is defined by air tight, open low pressure
The pipe close 3 of surge pipe, other pipe closes are closed, and soil sample to be measured is loaded into into test specimen tube 6, open low pressure valve 15, are pressed in closing
With high pressure valve 16,17.
Treat that above-mentioned steps are ready to, open the first valve 5 of water supply pressure regulator valve apopore 4, the current confession of low-pressure state
The apopore 4 of water pressure regulation bottle 1 flows out, and the first sebific ducts of Jing 22 flow into test specimen tube 6, and the water Jing after soil sample infiltration is from test specimen tube delivery port
After 9 flow out, the amount of entering into bucket and timing bottle 10, treat current from low pressure valve 15 with stablize at the water inlet 26 of amount bucket 11
After flowing a period of time, the second valve 21 is closed, amount water drum is outwelled with the water in timing bottle, reopened the second valve 21 and open
Begin to measure, the more than half stoppings of the water yield in the amount for the treatment of water drum 11 and timing bottle 12, the water yield is Q in amount water drum 11, the time is t in timing bottle,
Measure loss of flood peak height h1, soil sample cross sectional area A, soil sample height L, according to V=kI=Q/At, I=h1/L calculating infiltrations
Coefficient k.The loss of flood peak refers to the extreme lower position and amount water of low pressure surge pipe 30 or middle pressure surge pipe 31 or high pressure surge pipe 2
Difference in height between bucket water inlet.
Soil sample permeability step is the same with low-pressure state under pressure, high pressure conditions in test, simply which kind of pressure state is being surveyed
Lower soil sample permeability need to be corresponded to and open its surge pipe pipe close, close other two surge pipe pipe closes and timing bottle valve.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pressure-adjustable exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:Including test specimen tube (6), the test specimen tube
(6) water inlet (7) is connected with water supply pressure adjusting device by pipeline, and the delivery port of test specimen tube (6) is by the pipeline amount of being connected with water
Bucket and timing bottle (10), are provided with the regulation pipe of pressure regulation pressure in the water supply pressure adjusting device, on the timing bottle meter is provided with
Shi Kedu, the time scale of each little lattice of the timing scale and the flow matches of water under corresponding hydraulic pressure.
2. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 1 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
Water inlet (7) position of test specimen tube (6) is at least above the height of soil sample (29).
3. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 1 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
Amount bucket and timing bottle (10) are connected with water conservancy diversion including the amount bucket (11) and timing bottle that are sequentially placed at the top of the timing bottle
Pipe (18), the mozzle (18) is connected to the water inlet (7) of test specimen tube (6) by pipeline;The mozzle enters with amount bucket
The mouth of a river is inclined to the gradient.
4. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 1 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
The regulation pipe arranged in water supply pressure adjusting device is arranged on bottle cap (28), and is extend into inside water supply pressure adjusting device.
5. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 1 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
The height of amount bucket and timing bottle (10) is not higher than the extreme lower position of pressure regulation tube in water supply pressure adjusting device.
6. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 1 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
Water supply pressure adjusting device is provided with three pressure regulation tubes, and respectively low pressure regulation pipe (30), middle pressure regulation pipe (31) and high pressure is adjusted
Section pipe (2), the extreme lower position of these three regulation pipes is raised successively.
7. a kind of a kind of pressure-adjustable based on described in claim 1 exempts from the method for testing of timing constant head testing permeability device,
It is characterized in that:Pour water into water supply pressure adjusting device, it is ensured that air tight, into test specimen tube soil sample is taken up;Current self-water-supplying pressure regulation
After device is flowed in test specimen tube, after soil sample, the amount of being flowed into bucket and timing bottle treat waterflow stabilization flowing a period of time
Afterwards, amount bucket is outwelled with the water in timing bottle, restarts measurement, finally according to formula V=kI=Q/At infiltration system is calculated
Number k, wherein, the water yield in I=h1/L, the Q amount of being bucket, t is the time in timing bottle, and A is the cross-sectional area of soil sample, and L is soil
The height of sample, h1 is loss of flood peak height.
8. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 7 exempts from timing constant head permeability test method, it is characterised in that:Again
When measuring after beginning, when the water yield in amount bucket and timing bottle is more than half measurement is stopped.
9. a kind of pressure-adjustable according to claim 7 exempts from timing constant head testing permeability device, it is characterised in that:It is described
The waterflow stabilization flowing of the waterflow stabilization flowing amount of finger bucket water inlet.
10. a kind of a kind of pressure-adjustable based on described in claim 1 exempts from the method for testing of timing constant head testing permeability device,
It is characterized in that:Comprise the following steps:
(1) first valve (5) of water supply pressure adjusting device apopore is opened, to water is filled in water supply pressure adjusting device, bottle cap is covered tightly, with
It is air tight to be defined, to open and test pressure state identical surge pipe, other surge pipes are closed, and soil sample is loaded into into test specimen tube
(6), open in timing bottle and test pressure state identical pressure valve, close other pressure valves;
(2) first valve (5) of water supply pressure adjusting device apopore is opened, current self-water-supplying regulator is flowed in test specimen tube,
Jing after soil sample infiltration, the amount of being flowed into bucket and timing bottle, after waterflow stabilization flowing a period of time, will be in amount bucket and timing bottle
Water outwell, restart measurement, finally according to formula V=kI=Q/At calculation permeability coefficient k, wherein, I=h1/L, Q for amount
The water yield in bucket, t is the time in timing bottle, and A is the cross-sectional area of soil sample, and L is the height of soil sample, and h1 is that the loss of flood peak is high
Degree.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107271348A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 苏州大学 | A kind of medical artificial pipeline permeance property test system and its application method |
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CN101303289A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2008-11-12 | 西南科技大学 | High pressure solid clay pervasion test device |
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CN203672758U (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-06-25 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Sandy soil water infiltration rapid test device |
CN105203443A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2015-12-30 | 扬州大学 | Penetration coefficient determination apparatus for permeable asphalt concrete track board test piece, and test method thereof |
CN205538532U (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-08-31 | 长安大学 | Device of survey anhydrite rock, selenolite capillary water absorption rate and expansion rate |
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2016
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Patent Citations (9)
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JPS61176843A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-08 | Nishikawa Sangyo Kk | Simultaneous measuring instrument for moisture permeation rate and moisture absorption rate |
WO2008081470A1 (en) * | 2007-01-03 | 2008-07-10 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Electronic level sensor and timer based falling head soil permeameter |
CN101303289A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2008-11-12 | 西南科技大学 | High pressure solid clay pervasion test device |
CN202793990U (en) * | 2012-09-23 | 2013-03-13 | 西安科技大学 | Constant head multihole concrete penetrometer |
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CN107271348A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 苏州大学 | A kind of medical artificial pipeline permeance property test system and its application method |
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