CN106594106A - 线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器 - Google Patents

线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器 Download PDF

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CN106594106A
CN106594106A CN201710014369.1A CN201710014369A CN106594106A CN 106594106 A CN106594106 A CN 106594106A CN 201710014369 A CN201710014369 A CN 201710014369A CN 106594106 A CN106594106 A CN 106594106A
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spline
side tooth
clutch
electromagnet
hub
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CN106594106B (zh
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邵金菊
曲金玉
王吉华
任传波
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/02Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings
    • F16D27/04Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings with axially-movable friction surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/02Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings
    • F16D27/09Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings and with interengaging jaws or gear-teeth
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D2023/0618Details of blocking mechanism comprising a helical spring loaded element, e.g. ball
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D2023/0625Details of members being coupled, e.g. gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D2023/0643Synchro friction clutches with flat plates, discs or lamellae
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D2023/0656Details of the tooth structure; Arrangements of teeth

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器。电磁线圈未通电时,在回位弹簧作用下,带侧齿内花键毂与带侧齿花键接合套不啮合传动,离合器处于分离状态;电磁线圈通电时,在电磁力的作用下,花键套克服回位弹簧的弹力作用向电磁铁方向移动,带侧齿内花键毂与带侧齿花键接合套啮合传动,从而实现带侧齿内花键毂和花键套的同步传动,离合器接合。

Description

线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种离合器,更确切的说是一种线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器。
背景技术
现有的电磁离合器可分为:摩擦片式电磁离合器、牙嵌式电磁离合器、磁粉离合器、转差式电磁离合器等。摩擦片式电磁离合器接合时通过电磁线圈通电产生的电磁力压紧主动摩擦片和从动摩擦片产生的摩擦力传递扭矩,传递大扭矩时必须增大输入盘和从动盘的径向尺寸、增大电磁线圈通电电流、增加主动摩擦片和从动摩擦片的片数,因此存在体积大、转速低和耗电功率大等缺点;牙嵌式电磁离合器传输扭矩大,接合时要求转速差低,存在耗电功率较大的缺点;磁粉离合器响应快,可根据电流大小实现精度的微调,但存在耗电功率大、较大滑差时温升高、成本高等缺点;转差式电磁离合器工作时,主、从动部分必须存在某一转速差才有转矩传递,而且转子中的涡流会产生热量,该热量与转速差成正比。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有电磁离合器的不足,提供一种传递扭矩大、转速高、耗电功率小、结构新颖的线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器,包括离合器输入轴、离合器输出轴、输入齿轮,所述输入齿轮固定安装在离合器输入轴上。
其特征在于:它还包括线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置。
所述线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置包括带侧齿内花键毂、带侧齿花键接合套、衔铁、花键套、电磁铁、回位弹簧。
所述带侧齿内花键毂的一端固定连接到输入齿轮的一端面,所述带侧齿内花键毂的另一端的内侧端面上设有带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿;所述带侧齿花键接合套通过其内花键槽套装在花键套的外花键槽上,所述带侧齿花键接合套在其靠近带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿的侧端面上设有带侧齿花键接合套侧齿。
所述花键套通过其内花键槽套装在输出轴的外花键槽上;所述花键套在其远离输入齿轮的一外端面上固定连接有衔铁;所述电磁铁(10g)固定安装在输出轴上,且使电磁铁的磁极端面正对衔铁远离输入齿轮的一端面,所述电磁铁与花键套之间设有回位弹簧。
本发明与现有技术相比,其优点是:
(1)本发明的线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器,通过带侧齿内花键毂与花键套的同步传动将离合器输入轴输入的扭矩传递至离合器输出轴,结构简单、体积小、重量轻、传递扭矩大、转速高、传动效率高;
(2)本发明的线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器,接合过程中花键套克服回位弹簧的弹力作用向电磁铁方向移动,使衔铁与电磁铁的磁极端面摩擦接合;带内花键槽钢片与带外花键槽摩擦片克服啮合弹簧的弹力作用相互接触,依靠彼此之间的摩擦力逐步实现带侧齿内花键毂与花键套的转速同步,同时由于带侧齿花键接合套靠近带侧齿内花键毂的一端面上设有侧齿,在实现带侧齿内花键毂与花键套的转速逐步同步的同时,带侧齿内花键毂与带侧齿花键接合套通过其端面上所设有的侧齿啮合传动,实现离合器的接合,离合器工作平稳,寿命长。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器剖面图。
图2是本发明实施例线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器通电接合状态剖面图。
图中:1.离合器输入轴 2.离合器输出轴 3.输入齿轮 10.线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置 10a.带侧齿内花键毂 10a1.带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿 10b.带外花键槽摩擦片 10c.带内花键槽钢片 10d.带侧齿花键接合套 10d1.带侧齿花键接合套侧齿 10e.衔铁 10f.花键套 10g.电磁铁 10i.回位弹簧 10j.啮合弹簧。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中技术方案进行详细的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例;基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,本发明的线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器,包括离合器输入轴1、离合器输出轴2、输入齿轮3、线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置10;输入齿轮3固定安装在离合器输入轴1上。
线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置10包括带侧齿内花键毂10a、带外花键槽摩擦片10b、带内花键槽钢片10c、带侧齿花键接合套10d、衔铁10e、花键套10f、电磁铁10g、回位弹簧10i、啮合弹簧10j。
带侧齿内花键毂10a的一端固定连接到输入齿轮3的一端面,带侧齿内花键毂10a的另一端的内侧端面上设有带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿10a1;带外花键槽摩擦片10b通过其外花键槽套装在带侧齿内花键毂10a的内花键槽上;带内花键槽钢片10c通过其内花键槽套装在花键套10f的外花键槽上;带侧齿花键接合套10d通过其内花键槽套装在花键套10f的外花键槽上,带侧齿花键接合套10d在其靠近带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿10a1的侧端面上设有带侧齿花键接合套侧齿10d1。
花键套10f通过其内花键槽套装在输出轴2的外花键槽上;花键套10f在其远离输入齿轮3的一外端面上固定连接有衔铁10e;电磁铁10g固定安装在输出轴2上,使电磁铁10g的磁极端面正对衔铁10e远离输入齿轮3的一端面,电磁铁10g与花键套10f之间设有回位弹簧10i。
在电磁铁10g不通电的状态下,衔铁10e远离输入齿轮3的一端面与电磁铁10g的磁极端面,在回位弹簧10i的弹力作用下保持一定的空气隙。
下面结合图1和图2进一步说明本发明实施例的线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器的工作原理:
在电磁铁10g的外圆柱面上固定安装电滑环,电滑环与电磁铁10g保持绝缘,电磁线圈的一端抽头与电滑环连接,电磁线圈的另一端抽头连接在电磁铁10g上;通过电滑环和外部电刷控制一挡线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁线圈的通电与断电。
当线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器处于分离状态时,如图1所示,电磁线圈不通电,在回位弹簧10i的弹力作用下,带侧齿内花键毂10a与带侧齿花键接合套10d彼此分离不啮合传动,离合器处于分离状态;
当线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器处于接合状态时,如图2所示,电磁线圈通电,线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁线圈产生的磁场力使花键套10f克服回位弹簧10i的弹力作用向电磁铁10g方向移动,使衔铁10e与电磁铁10g的磁极端面摩擦接合;带外花键槽摩擦片10b与带内花键槽钢片10c克服啮合弹簧10j的弹力作用相互接触,依靠彼此之间的摩擦力逐步实现带侧齿内花键毂10a与花键套10f的转速同步,同时由于带侧齿花键接合套10d在其靠近带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿10a1的侧端面上设有带侧齿花键接合套侧齿10d1,在实现带侧齿内花键毂10a与花键套10f的转速逐步同步的同时,带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿10a1与带侧齿花键接合套侧齿10d1啮合传动,因此,带侧齿内花键毂10a与花键套10f同步旋转,从而完成离合器的接合。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (1)

1.一种线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置的电磁离合器,包括离合器输入轴(1)、离合器输出轴(2)、输入齿轮(3);所述输入齿轮(3)固定安装在离合器输入轴(1)上;其特征在于:
它还包括线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置(10);
所述线控摩擦与啮合传动接合装置(10)包括带侧齿内花键毂(10a)、带侧齿花键接合套(10d)、衔铁(10e)、花键套(10f)、电磁铁(10g)、回位弹簧(10i);
所述带侧齿内花键毂(10a)的一端固定连接到输入齿轮(3)的一端面,所述带侧齿内花键毂(10a)的另一端的内侧端面上设有带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿(10a1);所述带侧齿花键接合套(10d)通过其内花键槽套装在花键套(10f)的外花键槽上,所述带侧齿花键接合套(10d)在其靠近带侧齿内花键毂的侧齿(10a1)的侧端面上设有带侧齿花键接合套侧齿(10d1);
所述花键套(10f)通过其内花键槽套装在输出轴(2)的外花键槽上;所述花键套(10f)在其远离输入齿轮(3)的一外端面上固定连接有衔铁(10e);所述电磁铁(10g)固定安装在输出轴(2)上,所述电磁铁(10g)的磁极端面正对衔铁(10e)远离输入齿轮(3)的一端面,所述电磁铁(10g)与花键套(10f)之间设有回位弹簧(10i)。
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